1
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Abstract
Matteson homologations of chiral boronic esters proved to be an excellent tool for the synthesis of highly functionalized amino and hydroxy acid residues. This method provides straightforward stereoselective access to the side chain of callipeltin A, a natural marine product with interesting biological activities. Furthermore, this protocol should allow for variations in the substitution pattern in future SAR studies, simply by choosing suitable nucleophiles during the homologation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Horn
- Organic Chemistry I, Saarland University, Campus, Building C4.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic Chemistry I, Saarland University, Campus, Building C4.2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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2
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Kinsinger T, Kazmaier U. Matteson Homologation of Arylboronic Esters. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Kinsinger
- Saarland University - Campus Saarbrucken: Universitat des Saarlandes Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Saarland University Organic Chemistry Campus, Bldg. C4.2 66123 Saarbrücken GERMANY
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3
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Ming W, Soor HS, Liu X, Trofimova A, Yudin AK, Marder TB. α-Aminoboronates: recent advances in their preparation and synthetic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12151-12188. [PMID: 34585200 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
α-Aminoboronic acids and their derivatives are useful as bioactive agents. Thus far, three compounds containing an α-aminoboronate motif have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as protease inhibitors, and more are currently undergoing clinical trials. In addition, α-aminoboronic acids and their derivatives have found applications in organic synthesis, e.g. as α-aminomethylation reagents for the synthesis of chiral nitrogen-containing molecules, as nucleophiles for preparing valuable vicinal amino alcohols, and as bis-nucleophiles in the construction of valuable small molecule scaffolds. This review summarizes new methodology for the preparation of α-aminoboronates, including highlights of asymmetric synthetic methods and mechanistic explanations of reactivity. Applications of α-aminoboronates as versatile synthetic building blocks are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ming
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Harjeet S Soor
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Xiaocui Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Alina Trofimova
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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4
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Hinkes SPA, Klein CDP. Virtues of Volatility: A Facile Transesterification Approach to Boronic Acids. Org Lett 2019; 21:3048-3052. [PMID: 31012586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Boronic acids are an increasingly important compound class for many applications, including C-C bond formation reactions, medicinal chemistry, and diagnostics. The deprotection of boronic ester intermediates is frequently a problematic and inefficient step in boronic acid syntheses. We describe an approach that highly facilitates this transformation by leveraging the volatility of methylboronic acid and its diol esters. The method is performed under mild conditions, provides high yields, and eliminates cumbersome and problematic purification steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan P A Hinkes
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Medicinal Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Christian D P Klein
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Medicinal Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
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5
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Yoneoka S, Park KC, Nakagawa Y, Ebara M, Tsukahara T. Synthesis and Evaluation of Thermoresponsive Boron-Containing Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Diblock Copolymers for Self-Assembling Nanomicellar Boron Carriers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:E42. [PMID: 30960026 PMCID: PMC6401969 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new boron nanocarriers has been a crucial issue to be solved for advancing boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) as an effective radiation treatment for cancers. The present study aimed to create a novel double-thermoresponsive boron-containing diblock copolymer based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) [poly(NIPAAm)], which exhibits two-step phase transitions (morphological transitions) at the temperature region below human body temperature. The boronated diblock copolymer considerably concentrates boron atoms into the water-dispersible (i.e., intravenous-administration possible) nanomicelles self-assembled by the first phase transition, and furthermore the properly controlled size and hydrophobicity of the second phase-transitioned nanoparticles are expected to make a significant contribution to the selective delivery and long-term retention of boron atoms into tumor tissues. Here we present the detailed synthesis of the strategic NIPAAm-based diblock copolymer with 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid (PBA), i.e., poly(NIPAAm-block-NIPAAm-co-PBA), through a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Furthermore, the stepwise phase transition behavior of the obtained boronic-acid diblock copolymers was characterized in detail by temperature-variable ¹H and 11B-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The phase-transition-induced molecular structural changes, including the structural compositions and sizes of nanomicelles and nanoparticles, are also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Yoneoka
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Ki Chul Park
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Nakagawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
- Graduate School of Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Tsukahara
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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6
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Schwamb CB, Fitzpatrick KP, Brueckner AC, Richardson HC, Cheong PHY, Scheidt KA. Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Amidoboronates Catalyzed by Planar-Chiral NHC-Cu(I) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10644-10648. [PMID: 30102526 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The first highly selective catalytic hydroboration of alkyl-substituted aldimines to provide medicinally relevant α-amidoboronates is disclosed. The Cu(I)-catalyzed borylation proceeds with excellent facial selectivity when a set of planar-chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were employed as ligands. Density functional theory computations suggest that interactions between BPin and the planar-chiral catalyst are responsible for the observed stereoselectivity. Important pharmacophores, such as the boronate analogue of isoleucine, can be prepared using a chromatography-free protocol starting from commercially available reagents. The application of these NHC ligands in these Cu(I)-catalyzed processes offers a significant contribution to existing strategies for laboratory-scale preparation of enantioenriched α-amidoboronates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Benjamin Schwamb
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Keegan P Fitzpatrick
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Alexander C Brueckner
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - H Camille Richardson
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Paul H-Y Cheong
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery , Northwestern University , Silverman Hall , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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7
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Yang F, Zhu M, Zhang J, Zhou H. Synthesis of biologically active boron-containing compounds. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 9:201-211. [PMID: 30108914 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00552k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds which possess unique and attractive properties have received increasing attention from the pharmaceutical industry and academia recently. They have shown interesting and useful biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, the synthetic strategies for various boron-containing compounds, including peptidyl boronic acids, benzoxaboroles, benzoxaborines, benzodiazaborines, amine carboxyboranes, and amine cyanoboranes are summarized. Representative structures of each structural class and recently developed biologically active boron-containing compounds are used as examples in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism , School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District , Shanghai 200240 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 21 34206721
| | - Mingyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism , School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District , Shanghai 200240 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 21 34206721
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism , School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District , Shanghai 200240 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 21 34206721
| | - Huchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism , School of Pharmacy , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District , Shanghai 200240 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 21 34206721
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8
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Nitsche C, Zhang L, Weigel LF, Schilz J, Graf D, Bartenschlager R, Hilgenfeld R, Klein CD. Peptide-Boronic Acid Inhibitors of Flaviviral Proteases: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology. J Med Chem 2016; 60:511-516. [PMID: 27966962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A thousand-fold affinity gain is achieved by introduction of a C-terminal boronic acid moiety into dipeptidic inhibitors of the Zika, West Nile, and dengue virus proteases. The resulting compounds have Ki values in the two-digit nanomolar range, are not cytotoxic, and inhibit virus replication. Structure-activity relationships and a high resolution X-ray cocrystal structure with West Nile virus protease provide a basis for the design of optimized covalent-reversible inhibitors aimed at emerging flaviviral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Nitsche
- Medicinal Chemistry, IPMB, Heidelberg University , INF-364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck , Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) , Sites Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems and Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena F Weigel
- Medicinal Chemistry, IPMB, Heidelberg University , INF-364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Schilz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck , Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Dominik Graf
- Medicinal Chemistry, IPMB, Heidelberg University , INF-364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Bartenschlager
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) , Sites Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems and Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University , INF-345, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Hilgenfeld
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck , Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) , Sites Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems and Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian D Klein
- Medicinal Chemistry, IPMB, Heidelberg University , INF-364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Abstract
This review describes available methods for the preparation of α-aminoboronic acids in their racemic or in their enantiopure form. Both, highly stereoselective syntheses and asymmetric procedures leading to the stereocontrolled generation of α-aminoboronic acid derivatives are included. The preparation of acyclic, carbocyclic and azacyclic α-aminoboronic acid derivatives is covered. Within each section, the different synthetic approaches have been classified according to the key bond which is formed to complete the α-aminoboronic acid skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Andrés
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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10
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Struth FR, Hirschhäuser C. A Modular Approach to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Cytisine. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Complementarity of electronic and vibrational circular dichroism based on stereochemical studies of vic-diols. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Burke SJ, Gamrat JM, Santhouse JR, Tomares DT, Tomsho JW. Potassium haloalkyltrifluoroborate salts: synthesis, application, and reversible ligand replacement with MIDA. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Da Ros S, Linden A, Baldridge KK, Siegel JS. Boronic esters of corannulene: potential building blocks toward icosahedral supramolecules. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00009b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct iridium-catalyzed multi-borylation provides a valuable tool for the symmetric functionalization of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, inter alia, regular fivefold derivatization of corannulene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Da Ros
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Kim K. Baldridge
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Jay S. Siegel
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
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14
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Powers RA, Swanson HC, Taracila MA, Florek NW, Romagnoli C, Caselli E, Prati F, Bonomo RA, Wallar BJ. Biochemical and structural analysis of inhibitors targeting the ADC-7 cephalosporinase of Acinetobacter baumannii. Biochemistry 2014; 53:7670-9. [PMID: 25380506 PMCID: PMC4263437 DOI: 10.1021/bi500887n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
β-Lactam
resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii presents one
of the greatest challenges to contemporary antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Much of this resistance to cephalosporins derives from the expression
of the class C β-lactamase enzymes, known as Acinetobacter-derived cephalosporinases (ADCs). Currently, β-lactamase inhibitors
are structurally similar to β-lactam substrates and are not
effective inactivators of this class C cephalosporinase. Herein, two boronic acid transition state inhibitors
(BATSIs S02030 and SM23) that are chemically distinct from β-lactams
were designed and tested for inhibition of ADC enzymes. BATSIs SM23
and S02030 bind with high affinity to ADC-7, a chromosomal cephalosporinase
from Acinetobacter baumannii (Ki = 21.1 ± 1.9 nM and 44.5 ± 2.2 nM, respectively).
The X-ray crystal structures of ADC-7 were determined in both the
apo form (1.73 Å resolution) and in complex with S02030 (2.0
Å resolution). In the complex, S02030 makes several canonical
interactions: the O1 oxygen of S02030 is bound in the oxyanion hole,
and the R1 amide group makes key interactions with conserved residues
Asn152 and Gln120. In addition, the carboxylate group of the inhibitor
is meant to mimic the C3/C4 carboxylate found
in β-lactams. The C3/C4 carboxylate recognition
site in class C enzymes is comprised of Asn346 and Arg349 (AmpC numbering),
and these residues are conserved in ADC-7. Interestingly, in the ADC-7/S02030
complex, the inhibitor carboxylate group is observed to interact with
Arg340, a residue that distinguishes ADC-7 from the related class
C enzyme AmpC. A thermodynamic analysis suggests that ΔH driven compounds may be optimized to generate
new lead agents. The ADC-7/BATSI complex provides insight into recognition
of non-β-lactam inhibitors by ADC enzymes and offers a starting
point for the structure-based optimization of this class of novel
β-lactamase inhibitors against a key resistance target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University , 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401, United States
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15
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Makarov SV, Horváth AK, Silaghi-Dumitrescu R, Gao Q. Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Thiourea Oxides. Chemistry 2014; 20:14164-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Abstract
The author's work on (α-haloalkyl)boronic esters as reagents for asymmetric synthesis is reviewed. Diastereomeric ratios exceeding 1000 can be achieved with this chemistry, and ratios around 100 are commonplace. The method allows sequential installation of a series of stereocenters and tolerates a wide variety of suitably protected functional substituents. (α-Amidoalkyl)boronic acids include biochemically significant serine protease inhibitors, one of which is the clinically successful proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, used for treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Matteson
- Washington State University , Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
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17
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Kostova MB, Rosen DM, Chen Y, Mease RC, Denmeade SR. Structural optimization, biological evaluation, and application of peptidomimetic prostate specific antigen inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4224-35. [PMID: 23692593 DOI: 10.1021/jm301718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine protease produced at high levels by normal and malignant prostate epithelial cells that is used extensively as a biomarker in the clinical management of prostate cancer. To better understand PSA's role in prostate cancer progression, we prepared a library of peptidyl boronic acid-based inhibitors. To enhance selectivity for PSA vs other serine proteases, we modified the P1 site of the inhibitors to incorporate a bromopropylglycine group. This allowed the inhibitors to participate in halogen bond formation with the serine found at the bottom of the specificity pocket. The best of these Ahx-FSQn(boro)Bpg had PSA Ki of 72 nM and chymotrypsin Ki of 580 nM. In vivo studies using PSA-producing xenografts demonstrated that candidate inhibitors had minimal effect on growth but significantly altered serum levels of PSA. Biodistribution of (125)I labeled peptides showed low levels of uptake into tumors compared to other normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya B Kostova
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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18
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Gorovoy AS, Gozhina OV, Svendsen JS, Domorad AA, Tetz GV, Tetz VV, Lejon T. Boron-Containing Peptidomimetics - A Novel Class of Selective Anti-tubercular Drugs. Chem Biol Drug Des 2012; 81:408-13. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Kim BJ, Zhang J, Tan S, Matteson DS, Prusoff WH, Cheng YC. Synthesis and properties of 1-(3'-dihydroxyboryl-2',3'-dideoxyribosyl)pyrimidines. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9349-58. [PMID: 23108312 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26756j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues having a boronic acid in place of the 3-hydroxyl group of deoxyribose have been synthesized. The synthesis of 3'-dihydroxyboryl-2',3'-dideoxyribose was based on asymmetric homologation of boronic esters with (dihalomethyl)lithium, beginning from a (silyloxymethyl)boronic ester. A change of chiral director is required before introduction of the second stereocenter, and the direct displacement of (S,S)-1,2-dicyclohexyl-1,2-ethanediol by (1S,2S,3R,5S)-pinanediol was used for this purpose. Coupling of the pinanediol ester of the 1-acetoxy-3-dioxyboryl-5-tert-butylsilyloxy deoxyribose analogue with silylated pyrimidine bases was accomplished with trimethylsilyl bromide. The boronic acid nucleoside analogues were not cytotoxic toward Hep G2 (human hepatocarcinoma) cells. Decomposition occurred over a period of several hours at 37 °C, pH 7.4, with liberation of free pyrimidine base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ju Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, PO Box 644630, Pullman, WA 99164-4630, USA
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20
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Touchet S, Carreaux F, Carboni B, Bouillon A, Boucher JL. Aminoboronic acids and esters: from synthetic challenges to the discovery of unique classes of enzyme inhibitors. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3895-914. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Eidam O, Romagnoli C, Caselli E, Babaoglu K, Pohlhaus DT, Karpiak J, Bonnet R, Shoichet BK, Prati F. Design, synthesis, crystal structures, and antimicrobial activity of sulfonamide boronic acids as β-lactamase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7852-63. [PMID: 20945905 DOI: 10.1021/jm101015z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a series of sulfonamide boronic acids that resulted from the merging of two unrelated AmpC β-lactamase inhibitor series. The new boronic acids differed in the replacement of the canonical carboxamide, found in all penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, with a sulfonamide. Surprisingly, these sulfonamides had a highly distinct structure-activity relationship from the previously explored carboxamides, high ligand efficiencies (up to 0.91), and K(i) values down to 25 nM and up to 23 times better for smaller analogues. Conversely, K(i) values were 10-20 times worse for larger molecules than in the carboxamide congener series. X-ray crystal structures (1.6-1.8 Å) of AmpC with three of the new sulfonamides suggest that this altered structure-activity relationship results from the different geometry and polarity of the sulfonamide versus the carboxamide. The most potent inhibitor reversed β-lactamase-mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins, lowering their minimum inhibitory concentrations up to 32-fold in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliv Eidam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Byers Hall, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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22
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Natural and synthetic small boron-containing molecules as potential inhibitors of bacterial and fungal quorum sensing. Chem Rev 2010; 111:209-37. [PMID: 21171664 DOI: 10.1021/cr100093b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Matteson DS. α-Amido boronic acids: A synthetic challenge and their properties as serine protease inhibitors. Med Res Rev 2007; 28:233-46. [PMID: 17849483 DOI: 10.1002/med.20105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This review includes a personal account of the history of the development of the alpha-amido boronic acid synthesis and related chemistry in the author's laboratory, as well as a review of some of the more significant developments that have occurred elsewhere more recently. The simple initial target, suggested by biochemist G. E. Lienhard, proved much more elusive to reach than anticipated. The circuitous effort that ultimately revealed the deceptively simple successful route, for which there is still no alternative, will be described. The properties of these compounds as enzyme inhibitors will be described very briefly. More extensive reviews of the enzyme inhibiting properties of alpha-amido boronic acids have appeared recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Matteson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USA.
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Debaene F, Da Silva JA, Pianowski Z, Duran FJ, Winssinger N. Expanding the scope of PNA-encoded libraries: divergent synthesis of libraries targeting cysteine, serine and metallo-proteases as well as tyrosine phosphatases. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Larkin JD, Bhat KL, Markham GD, Brooks BR, Lai JH, Bock CW. A computational investigation of the geometrical structure and protodeboronation of boroglycine, H2N-CH2-B(OH)2. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:6489-500. [PMID: 17595064 DOI: 10.1021/jp0700682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article the geometrical structure of the simple, achiral, alpha-amino boronic acid boroglycine, H2N-CH2-B(OH)2, was investigated using density functional theory (DFT), second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory, and coupled cluster methodology with single- and double-excitations (CCSD); the effects of an aqueous environment were incorporated into the results by using a few explicit water molecules and/or self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) calculations with the IEF polarizable continuum model (PCM). Neutral reaction mechanisms were investigated for the direct protodeboronation (hydrolysis) of boroglycine (H2O+H2N-CH2-B(OH)2-->B(OH)3+H2N-CH3), for which DeltaH degrees 298 was -21.9 kcal/mol at the MP2(FC)/aug-cc-pVDZ level, and for the 1,2-carbon-to-nitrogen shift of the -B(OH)2 moiety (H2N-CH2-B(OH)2-->H3C-NH-B(OH)2), for which the corresponding value of DeltaH degrees 298 was -18.2 kcal/mol. A boron-oxygen double-bonded intermediate was found to play an important role in the 1,2-rearrangement mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Larkin
- Department of Chemistry, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania 17815, USA.
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Frase H, Lee I. Peptidyl Boronates Inhibit Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Lon Protease by a Competitive ATP-Dependent Mechanism. Biochemistry 2007; 46:6647-57. [PMID: 17497890 DOI: 10.1021/bi7002789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lon is a homo-oligomeric ATP-dependent serine protease that functions in the degradation of damaged and certain regulatory proteins. This enzyme has emerged as a novel target in the development of antibiotics because of its importance in conferring bacterial virulence. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which the proteasome inhibitor MG262, a peptidyl boronate, inhibits the peptide hydrolysis activity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Lon. In addition, we synthesized a fluorescent peptidyl boronate inhibitor based upon the amino acid sequence of a product of peptide hydrolysis by the enzyme. Using steady-state kinetic techniques, we have shown that two peptidyl boronate variants are competitive inhibitors of the peptide hydrolysis activity of Lon and follow the same two-step, time-dependent inhibition mechanism. The first step is rapid and involves binding of the inhibitor and formation of a covalent adduct with the active site serine. This is followed by a second slow step in which Lon undergoes a conformational change or isomerization to increase the interaction of the inhibitor with the proteolytic active site to yield an overall inhibition constant of 5-20 nM. Although inhibition of serine and threonine proteases by peptidyl boronates has been detected previously, Lon is the first protease that has required the binding of ATP in order to observe inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Frase
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Yin Z, Patel SJ, Wang WL, Wang G, Chan WL, Rao KRR, Alam J, Jeyaraj DA, Ngew X, Patel V, Beer D, Lim SP, Vasudevan SG, Keller TH. Peptide inhibitors of Dengue virus NS3 protease. Part 1: Warhead. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 16:36-9. [PMID: 16246553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Revised: 09/11/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Substrate-based tetrapeptide inhibitors with various warheads were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against the Dengue virus NS3 protease. Effective inhibition was achieved by peptide inhibitors with electrophilic warheads such as aldehyde, trifluoromethyl ketone, and boronic acid. A boronic acid has the highest affinity, exhibiting a K(i) of 43 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yin
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, 10 Biopolis Road, 05-01 Chromos, Singapore 138670, Singapore.
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Asymmetric diol boronic esters with potassium bifluoride form the corresponding alkyltrifluoroborate and free diol under mild conditions. Defluoridation with tetrachlorosilane produces an alkyldifluoroborane intermediate. This conversion of relatively unreactive boronic esters to derivatives that are strong Lewis acids opens new synthetic opportunities, as illustrated by the preparation of (R)-2-phenylpyrrolidine in 98% ee from a pinanediol or 1,2-dicyclohexyl-1,2-ethanediol boronic ester via potassium (2-phenyl-4-azidobutyl)trifluoroborate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Matteson
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 644630, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USA.
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Danilewicz JC, Abel SM, Brown AD, Fish PV, Hawkeswood E, Holland SJ, James K, McElroy AB, Overington J, Powling MJ, Rance DJ. Design of selective thrombin inhibitors based on the (R)-Phe-Pro-Arg sequence. J Med Chem 2002; 45:2432-53. [PMID: 12036353 DOI: 10.1021/jm011133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Potent and selective inhibitors of thrombin were sought based on the (R)-Phe-Pro-Arg sequence. The objective was to generate similar binding interactions to those achieved by potent competitive inhibitors of the argatroban type, so eliminating the need for covalent interaction with the catalytic serine function, as utilized by aldehyde and boronic acid type inhibitors. Improving the S(1) subsite interaction by substitution of arginine with a 4-alkoxybenzamidine residue provided potent lead 2 (K(i) = 0.37 nM). Though an amide bond, which H-bonds to the active site, is lost, modeling indicated that a new H-bond is generated between the alkoxy oxygen atom and the catalytic Ser-195 hydroxyl group. Substitution of the benzamidine system by 1-amidinopiperidine then gave compound 4, which provided a further gain in selectivity over trypsin. However, previous work had shown that these compounds were likely to be too lipophilic (Log D +0.4 and +0.2, respectively) and to suffer rapid hepatic extraction, presumably via biliary elimination. Accordingly, both proved short-acting when administered intravenously to rats and showed poor activity when given intraduodenally. The aim was then to reduce lipophilicity below a log D of -1.2, which in a previously reported series had been effective in preventing rapid clearance. It was anticipated that compounds of this type would rely on the cation selective paracellular route of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Potent polar analogues with selectivity >1000 over trypsin were obtained. The best in vivo activity was shown by compound 12. However, in the final analysis, its oral bioavilability proved poor, relative to analogues with similar physicochemical properties derived from argatroban, consistent with the hypothesis that molecular shape is an additional important determinant of paracellular absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Danilewicz
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
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Matteson DS, Hiscox WC, Fabry-Asztalos L, Kim GY, Siems WF. Glass-Catalyzed Conversion of Boronic Esters of Asymmetric Diols to Diol Sulfites and Amine Complexes of Boron Halides. Organometallics 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/om001053s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald S. Matteson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
| | - William C. Hiscox
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
| | | | - Gyung-Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
| | - William F. Siems
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
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Zhang A, Kan Y, Jiang B. Asymmetric hetero-Diels–Alder reaction of chiral pinanediol 1,3-dienylboronates with azo-compounds. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Pivazyan AD, Matteson DS, Fabry-Asztalos L, Singh RP, Lin PF, Blair W, Guo K, Robinson B, Prusoff WH. Inhibition of HIV-1 protease by a boron-modified polypeptide. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 60:927-36. [PMID: 10974201 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Six boronated tetrapeptides with the carboxy moiety of phenylalanine replaced by dihydroxyboron were synthesized, and their activities against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease subsequently investigated. The sequences of these peptides were derived from HIV-1 protease substrates, which included the C-terminal part of the scissile bond (Phe-Pro) within the gag-pol polyprotein. Enzymatic studies showed that these compounds were competitive inhibitors of HIV-1 protease with K(i) values ranging from 5 to 18 microM when experiments were performed at high enzyme concentrations (above 5 x 10(-8) M); however, at low protease concentrations inhibition was due in part to an increase of the association constants of the protease subunits. Ac-Thr-Leu-Asn-PheB inhibited HIV-1 protease with a K(i) of 5 microM, whereas the non-boronated parental compound was inactive at concentrations up to 400 microM, which indicates the significance of boronation in enzyme inhibition. The boronated tetrapeptides were inhibitory to an HIV-1 protease variant that is resistant to several HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Finally, fluorescence analysis showed that the interactions between the boronated peptide Ac-Thr-Leu-Asn-PheB and HIV-1 protease resulted in a rapid decrease of fluorescence emission at 360 nm, which suggests the formation of a compound/enzyme complex. Boronated peptides may provide useful reagents for studying protease biochemistry and yield valuable information toward the development of protease dimerization inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Pivazyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Han W, Pelletier JC, Mersinger LJ, Kettner CA, Hodge CN. 7-Azabicycloheptane carboxylic acid: a proline replacement in a boroarginine thrombin inhibitor. Org Lett 1999; 1:1875-7. [PMID: 10836047 DOI: 10.1021/ol990294x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[formula: see text] The synthesis of thrombin inhibitor 3, which incorporates conformationally constrained 7-azabicycloheptane carboxylic acid (1) as a proline replacement, is described. The inhibition constant (Ki(thrombin) = 2.9 nM) indicates that 1 is a reasonable replacement of proline in the formation of a beta-turn tripeptide mimetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Han
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, USA.
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35
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Černohorský M, Vaultier M, Koča J. Comparison of conformational behavior of the short alanine peptides and their boron analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(99)00056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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Lebarbier C, Carreaux F, Carboni B, Boucher JL. Synthesis of boronic acid analogs of L-arginine as alternate substrates or inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:2573-6. [PMID: 9873583 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of an unprotected alpha-amino boronic acid analog of L-arginine 1a (boroarg-OH. 2 HCl) and its N alpha-acetyl derivative 1b (Ac-boroarg-OH. HCl) is described. These compounds were evaluated as substrates and inhibitors of recombinant nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Boroarg-OH 1a selectively inhibited inducible NOS (IC50 = 50 microM) compared to the neuronal isoform (IC50 = 300 microM).
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38
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Lee SH, Choi YJ, Jeong YN, Kim HS, Lee SH, Kim IC, Oh YS, Lee YH. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of a new oral thrombin inhibitor in the blood of rats and dogs. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1998; 714:379-83. [PMID: 9766880 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A reliable reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of a new oral thrombin inhibitor (compound I) in the blood of rats and dogs. The analyte was deproteinized with a 1.5 volume of methanol and a 0.5 volume of 10% zinc sulfate, and the supernatant was injected into a 5-microm Capcell Pak C18 column (150 x 4.6 mm I.D.). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.2% triethylamine of pH 2.3 (31:69, v/v) with a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min at UV 231 nm. The retention time of compound I was approximately 9.3 min. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.05-100 mg/l for rat blood (r2>0.9995, n=6) and dog blood (r2>0.9993, n=6). The limit of quantitation was 0.05 mg/l for both bloods using a 100-microl sample. For the 5 concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/l), the within-day recovery (n=4) and precision (n=4) were 98.1-104.1% and 1.5-6.8% for rat blood and 95.4-105.7% and 1.4-5.3% for dog blood, respectively. The between-day recovery (n=6) and precision (n=6) were 99.8-105.3% and 3.7-12.6% for rat blood and 87.5-107.1% and 2.9-15.3% for dog blood, respectively. The absolute recoveries were 82.4-93.3%. No interferences from endogenous substances were observed. In conclusion, the presented simple, sensitive, and reproducible HPLC method proved and was used successfully for the determination of compound I in the preclinical pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- LG Chem Biotech Research Institute, Yu Sung, Taejon, South Korea
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Matteson DS, Lu J. Asymmetric synthesis of 1-acyl-3,4-disubstituted pyrrolidine-2-boronic acid derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Collet S, Bauchat P, Danion-Bougot R, Danion D. Stereoselective, nonracemic synthesis of ω-borono-α-amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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41
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Prashad M, Chen L, Repic O, Blacklock TJ. A New Reaction of Aminoiminomethanesulfonic Acid with Methyl Anthranilates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919808007187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Fevig JM, Buriak J, Cacciola J, Alexander RS, Kettner CA, Knabb RM, Pruitt JR, Weber PC, Wexler RR. Rational design of boropeptide thrombin inhibitors: beta, beta-dialkyl-phenethylglycine P2 analogs of DuP 714 with greater selectivity over complement factor I and an improved safety profile. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:301-6. [PMID: 9871674 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The potent boropeptide thrombin inhibitor DuP 714 caused side effects in laboratory animals that appear to be related to its ability to inhibit complement factor I, thereby activating the complement cascade. Using X-ray crystal structure information, we have designed compounds that have greater selectivity for thrombin over factor I and that have reduced tendency to produce these side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Fevig
- DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0500, USA
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Lee SL, Alexander RS, Smallwood A, Trievel R, Mersinger L, Weber PC, Kettner C. New inhibitors of thrombin and other trypsin-like proteases: hydrogen bonding of an aromatic cyano group with a backbone amide of the P1 binding site replaces binding of a basic side chain. Biochemistry 1997; 36:13180-6. [PMID: 9341205 DOI: 10.1021/bi970912m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Highly effective thrombin inhibitors have been obtained by preparing boronic acid analogues of m-cyano-substituted phenylalanine and its incorporation into peptides. The cyano group enhances binding by several orders of magnitude. For example, Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroPheOH binds to thrombin with a Ki of 320 nM and the Ki of Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroPhe(m-CN)-OH is 0.79 nM. Protein crystal structure determination of trypsin complexed to H-(D)Phe-Pro-boroPhe(m-CN)-OH indicates that the aromatic side chain is bound in the P1 binding site and that the cyano group can act as a H-bond acceptor for the amide proton of Gly219. Enhanced binding for inhibitors containing the m-cyano group was observed for coagulation factor Xa and for the factor VIIa.tissue factor complex [Ki values of Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroPhe(mCN)-OH are 760 and 3.3 nM, respectively]. This result is consistent with the sequence homology of these two enzymes in the P1 binding site. Two enzymes lacking the strict homology in the P1 binding site, pancreatic kallikrein and chymotrypsin, did not exhibit significantly enhanced binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Lee
- Chemical and Physical Sciences, DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, P. O. Box 80500, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0500, USA
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Ollivault M, Monnier L, Carboni B. Facile determination of the diastereoisomeric purity of 2,3-pinanediol (1-chloroalkyl)boronates. Isolation of boronic esters containing a configurationally stable boron atom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(97)00198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Resolution of α-aminoboronic esters by diastereoselective crystallization with pinanediols. Confirmation by X-ray analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(97)00135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Tian ZQ, Brown BB, Mack DP, Hutton CA, Bartlett PA. Potentially Macrocyclic Peptidyl Boronic Acids as Chymotrypsin Inhibitors. J Org Chem 1997; 62:514-522. [PMID: 11671443 DOI: 10.1021/jo9615007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of forming a peptide boronate adduct in a serine protease active site that mimics the first tetrahedral intermediate in the peptide hydrolysis mechanism was explored with the complex boronic acid analogs 7, 8-OH, and 8-NH(2)(). In these structures, the P(1) and P(2) residues and the P(1)'-P(3)' residues are connected through the P(2) and P(1)' side chains, to encourage formation of the diester or amide-ester adducts via macrocyclization. These inhibitors were assembled from suitably protected derivatives of 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid or 2,4-diaminopentanoic acid (11), borophenylalanine (12), aspartic acid, malic acid or the substituted malic acid analog 13, and Leu-Arg dipeptide. Stereoselective syntheses were developed for the (S,S)-2,4-diaminopentanoate 11 and for the (S,S)-beta-isobutylmalate 13 derivatives. The complex peptidyl boronates 7 (K(i) = 26 nM) and 8-OH (68 nM) are potent inhibitors of alpha-chymotrypsin; however, the affinity of 7 is neither time- nor pH-dependent, and it is only moderately greater than that found for comparison compounds like 8-H (114 nM), 9 (356 nM), and 10 (219 nM) that cannot cyclize or form a diester adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Qiang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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47
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Kim S, Hwang SY, Kim YK, Yun M, Oh YS. Rational design of selective thrombin inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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49
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Matteson DS, Man HW. Hydrolysis of Substituted 1,3,2-Dioxaborolanes and an Asymmetric Synthesis of a Differentially Protected syn,syn-3-Methyl-2,4-hexanediol. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo960684m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald S. Matteson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
| | - Hon-Wah Man
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630
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50
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Mantri P, Duffy DE, Kettner CA. New Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Aminoboronic Acids Containing Functionalized Side Chains. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo960628l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padmaja Mantri
- The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, P.O. Box 80500, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0500
| | - Daniel E. Duffy
- The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, P.O. Box 80500, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0500
| | - Charles A. Kettner
- The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, P.O. Box 80500, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0500
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