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Li Z, Bavaro T, Tengattini S, Bernardini R, Mattei M, Annunziata F, Cole RB, Zheng C, Sollogoub M, Tamborini L, Terreni M, Zhang Y. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of arabinomannan (AM) glycoconjugates as potential vaccines for tuberculosis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 204:112578. [PMID: 32717482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacteria infection resulting in tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten leading causes of death worldwide in 2018, and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has been confirmed to be the most important antigenic polysaccharide on the TB cell surface. In this study, a convenient synthetic method has been developed for synthesizing three branched oligosaccharides derived from LAM, in which a core building block was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis in flow chemistry with excellent yield. After several steps of glycosylations, the obtained oligosaccharides were conjugated with recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) and the ex-vivo ELISA tests were performed using serum obtained from several TB-infected patients, in order to evaluate the affinity of the glycoconjugate products for the human LAM-antibodies. The evaluation results are positive, especially compound 21 that exhibited excellent activity which could be considered as a lead compound for the future development of a new glycoconjugated vaccine against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Li
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Teodora Bavaro
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Tengattini
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernardini
- Italy Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale - STA, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mattei
- Italy Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale - STA, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard B Cole
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Changping Zheng
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Terreni
- Drug Sciences Department, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
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2
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Kitahata S, Katsuyama A, Ichikawa S. A Synthesis Strategy for the Production of a Macrolactone of Gulmirecin A via a Ni(0)-Mediated Reductive Cyclization Reaction. Org Lett 2020; 22:2697-2701. [PMID: 32162928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis strategy for the production of a key synthetic intermediate of gulmirecin A was described. The key reaction in the preparation of the 12-membered macrolactone is the Ni(0)-mediated reductive cyclization reaction of ynal using an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand and silane reductant. In addition, the α-selective glycosylation reaction of the macrolactone was performed to demonstrate the synthesis of gulmirecin and disciformycin precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kitahata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akira Katsuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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3
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A Concise Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Derived From Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) with Glycosyl Donors Having a Nonparticipating Group at C2. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Han L, Wang L, Guo Z. An extensive review of studies on mycobacterium cell wall polysaccharide-related oligosaccharides – part II: Synthetic studies on complex arabinofuranosyl oligosaccharides carrying other functional motifs and related derivatives and analogs. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1630840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Han
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji′nan, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji′nan, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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5
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Galactofuranose antigens, a target for diagnosis of fungal infections in humans. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO199. [PMID: 28883999 PMCID: PMC5583699 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biomarkers for the detection of fungal infections is of interest to complement histopathological and culture methods. Since the production of antibodies in immunocompromised patients is scarce, detection of a specific antigen could be effective for early diagnosis. D-Galactofuranose (Galf) is the antigenic epitope in glycoconjugates of several pathogenic fungi. Since Galf is not biosynthesized by mammals, it is an attractive candidate for diagnosis of infection. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes Galf is commercialized for detection of aspergillosis. The linkage of Galf in the natural glycans and the chemical structures of the synthesized Galf-containing oligosaccharides are described in this paper. The oligosaccharides could be used for the synthesis of artificial carbohydrate-based antigens, not enough exploited for diagnosis. D-Galactofuranose (Galf) is the unit in polysaccharides and glycoconjugates of several pathogenic fungi that is recognized by the immune system. Since Galf is not synthesized by mammals, it is an attractive candidate for diagnosis of infection. Since the production of antibodies in immunocompromised patients is scarce, detection of a specific antigen could be effective for early diagnosis. An antibody that recognizes Galf is commercialized for the detection of aspergillosis. Chemically synthesized Galf-containing oligosaccharides, reviewed in this paper, could therefore be used for the synthesis of artificial carbohydrate-based antigens and in diagnosis.
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6
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Wang L, Feng S, An L, Gu G, Guo Z. Synthetic and Immunological Studies of Mycobacterial Lipoarabinomannan Oligosaccharides and Their Protein Conjugates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10060-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shaojie Feng
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lian An
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Marino C, Baldoni L. Synthesis of D-galactofuranose-containing molecules: design of galactofuranosyl acceptors. Chembiochem 2014; 15:188-204. [PMID: 24420700 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
D-Galactofuranose (D-Galf) is present in glycoconjugates of several pathogenic microorganisms but is absent in mammals, so it is a good target for the development of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of microbial infections. This fact has increased interest in the synthesis of D-Galf-containing molecules for corresponding glycobiological studies. The synthesis of oligosaccharides, glycoconjugates, and mimetics of D-Galf requires specific methods for the preparation of galactose derivatives in the furanosic configuration, the synthesis of appropriate acceptors, and efficient glycosylation methods for the construction of α- and β-D-Galf linkages. This review summarizes the different strategies developed for the preparation of partially protected derivatives of D-Galf, suitable as acceptors for the construction of (1→2), (1→3), (1→5), and (1→6) link- ages, and describes recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marino
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET-UBA, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina).
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Guyenne S, León EI, Martín A, Pérez-Martín I, Suárez E. Intramolecular 1,8-Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions in Disaccharide Systems Containing Furanose Units. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7371-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301153u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Guyenne
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elisa I. León
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Angeles Martín
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Inés Pérez-Martín
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
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9
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Deng LM, Liu X, Liang XY, Yang JS. Regioselective glycosylation method using partially protected arabino- and galactofuranosyl thioglycosides as key glycosylating substrates and its application to one-pot synthesis of oligofuranoses. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3025-37. [PMID: 22369586 DOI: 10.1021/jo300084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We describe in this paper the development of a novel regioselective furanosylation methodology using partially protected furanosyl thioglycosides as central glycosylating building blocks and its application in the efficient one-pot synthesis of a series of linear and branched-type arabino- and galactofuranoside fragments structurally related to the cell wall polysaccharides of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Streptococcus pneumoniae serostype 35A, and sugar beet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting, Ministry of Education, and Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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10
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Kaeothip S, Demchenko AV. Expeditious oligosaccharide synthesis via selective, semi-orthogonal, and orthogonal activation. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1371-88. [PMID: 21663897 PMCID: PMC3129461 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traditional strategies for oligosaccharide synthesis often require extensive protecting and/or leaving group manipulations between each glycosylation step, thereby increasing the total number of synthetic steps while decreasing the efficiency of the synthesis. In contrast, expeditious strategies allow for the rapid chemical synthesis of complex carbohydrates by minimizing extraneous chemical manipulations. Oligosaccharide synthesis by selective activation of one leaving group over another is one such expeditious strategy. Herein, the significant improvements that have recently emerged in the area of the selective activation are discussed. The development of orthogonal strategy further expands the scope of the selective activation methodology. Surveyed in this article, are representative examples wherein these excellent innovations have been applied to the synthesis of various oligosaccharide sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophon Kaeothip
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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11
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Peng W, Jayasuriya AB, Imamura A, Lowary TL. Synthesis of the 6-O-Methyl-d-glycero-α-l-gluco-heptopyranose Moiety Present in the Capsular Polysaccharide from Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168. Org Lett 2011; 13:5290-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202152r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Peng
- Alberta Innovates Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Anushka B. Jayasuriya
- Alberta Innovates Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Alberta Innovates Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Todd L. Lowary
- Alberta Innovates Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
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12
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Gandolfi-Donadío L, Santos M, de Lederkremer RM, Gallo-Rodriguez C. Synthesis of arabinofuranose branched galactofuran tetrasaccharides, constituents of mycobacterial arabinogalactan. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2085-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00989j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Zhang J, Amin AG, Hölemann A, Seeberger PH, Chatterjee D. Development of a plate-based scintillation proximity assay for the mycobacterial AftB enzyme involved in cell wall arabinan biosynthesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:7121-31. [PMID: 20800502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of mycobacterial arabinosyltransferases, such as the Emb proteins, AftA, AftB, AftC, and AftD have been characterized and implicated to be involved in the cell wall arabinan assembly. These arabinosyltransferases are essential for the viability of the organism and are logically valid targets for developing new anti-tuberculosis agents. For instance, Ethambutol, a first line anti-tuberculosis drug, targets the Emb proteins involved in the formation of the arabinan of cell wall arabinogalactan. Among these arabinosyltransferases, the terminal β-(1→2) arabinosyltransferase activity has been associated with AftB. The predicted topology of AftB in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has 10 N terminal transmembrane domains and a C terminal hydrophilic domain similar to the Emb proteins. It has a conserved GT-C motif and is difficult to express. In a cell free assay, synthetic disaccharide, α-D-Araf-(1→5)-α-D-Araf-octyl, has been used as a substrate to explore the function of AftB. In our work, the disaccharide was synthesized in its pentenylated and biotinylated form, and the enzymatic product formed was identified as the β-(1→2) arabinofuranose adduct. When synthetic tri- and tetra-saccharides were used as substrates, a mixture of products containing both β-(1→2) and α-(1→5) linkages were formed. Therefore, the biotinylated disaccharide was selected to develop a scintillation proximity assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Efficient one-pot syntheses of α-d-arabinofuranosyl tri- and tetrasaccharides present in cell wall polysaccharide of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Gandolfi-Donadío L, Gallo-Rodriguez C, de Lederkremer RM. Synthesis of a tetrasaccharide fragment of mycobacterial arabinogalactan. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1870-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Lee YJ, Fulse DB, Kim KS. Synthesis of a tetrasaccharide phosphate from the linkage region of the arabinogalactan–peptidoglycan complex in the mycobacterial cell wall. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1574-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 05/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wei G, Yu B. Isoflavone Glycosides: Synthesis and Evaluation as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Nokami T, Werz D, Seeberger P. Synthesis and Reactions of 1,4-Anhydrogalactopyranose and 1,4-Anhydroarabinose - Steric and Electronic Limitations. Helv Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200590224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Veerapen N, Yuan Y, Sanders DAR, Pinto BM. Synthesis of novel ammonium and selenonium ions and their evaluation as inhibitors of UDP-galactopyranose mutase. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2205-17. [PMID: 15337448 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of two ammonium salts of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-galactitol containing erythritol sulfate side chains are described. The parent compound is a known inhibitor of the enzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UDP-galactopyranose furanomutase, E.C. 5.4.99.9), which is responsible for the conversion of UDP-galactopyranose into UDP-galactofuranose and is presumably protonated in its active form. The side chain was chosen because it is present in a known sulfonium ion alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, salacinol. The syntheses of the selenonium analogues derived from 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-seleno-d-galactitol are also described. The synthetic strategy in the syntheses of all four salts involved the nucleophilic attack of a protected derivative of the alditol at the least hindered carbon of 2,4-O-benzylidene d- or l-erythritol-1,3-cyclic sulfate to give adducts that were subsequently deprotected. The importance of different protecting groups used in the various syntheses is also highlighted. Enzyme inhibition assays carried out on these compounds, and the corresponding sulfonium ions synthesized previously, show that they are poor inhibitors of UDP-galactopyranose mutase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Veerapen
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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Gandolfi-Donadío L, Gallo-Rodriguez C, de Lederkremer RM. Syntheses of beta-d-Galf-(1-->6)-beta-d-Galf-(1-->5)-d-Galf and beta-d-Galf-(1-->5)-beta-d-Galf-(1-->6)-d-Galf, trisaccharide units in the galactan of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Org Chem 2003; 68:6928-34. [PMID: 12946132 DOI: 10.1021/jo034365o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The galactofuran is a crucial constituent of the cell wall of mycobacteria. An efficient synthesis of the two trisaccharide units of the galactan is described. The strategy relies on the use of substituted d-galactono-1,4-lactones as precursors for the internal and the reducing galactofuranoses. Dec-9-enyl beta-d-Galf-(1-->6)-beta-d-Galf-(1-->5)-beta-d-Galf (2) and dec-9-enyl beta-d-Galf-(1-->5)-beta-d-Galf-(1-->6)-beta-d-Galf (9) so far reported as convenient substrates for the galactofuranosyl transferase, and possibly useful for immunological studies, were obtained by the trichloroacetimidate method of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gandolfi-Donadío
- CIHIDECAR, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wen X, Crick DC, Brennan PJ, Hultin PG. Analogues of the mycobacterial arabinogalactan linkage disaccharide as cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:3579-87. [PMID: 12901902 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mycobacterial arabinogalactan linkage disaccharide [alpha-L-Rha-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc] provides a basis for the design of new antitubercular drugs, since it supports a key skeletal structure in the bacterial cell wall. A series of analogues of the linker was synthesized by coupling appropriate thiorhamnosyl donors modified at their 4-positions, with an N-acetyl glucosamine acceptor. In a cell-free enzyme inhibition assay, three analogues inhibited the activity of the galactosyltransferase that adds a Galf residue to the linkage disaccharide. Although the compounds were modest inhibitors, these data confirm the viability of this approach to anti-mycobacterial agents. It is especially significant that the three effective compounds are modified at the site of the acceptor atom in the natural substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Wang H, Ning J. A one-pot strategy for synthesis of 5-O-(alpha-D-arabinofuranosyl)-6-O-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-D-galactofuranose present in motif E of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall. J Org Chem 2003; 68:2521-4. [PMID: 12636432 DOI: 10.1021/jo026325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
5-O-(Alpha-D-arabinofuranosyl)-6-O-(beta-D-galactofuranosyl)-D-galactofuranose 6 present in motif E of the Macobacterium tuberculosis cell wall has been regio- and stereospecifically synthesized using 3-O-benzoyl-1,2-O-isopropylidine-alpha-D-galactofuranose (10) as the glycosyl acceptor by the trichloroacetamidate method in a one-pot manner. The diol glycosyl acceptor 10 was smoothly derived from 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-galactofuranose (8) by 3-O-benzoylation and then selective 5,6-O-deacetonation. The preparation of 8 was greatly improved by increasing the ratio of DMF to acetone and using a solid-supported catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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First synthesis of methyl α-C-d-arabinofuranosyl-(1→5)-α-d-arabinofuranoside: the C-disaccharide segment of motif C of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Houseknecht JB, Lowary TL. Chemistry and biology of arabinofuranosyl- and galactofuranosyl-containing polysaccharides. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2001; 5:677-82. [PMID: 11738178 DOI: 10.1016/s1367-5931(01)00265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides containing galactofuranosyl and arabinofuranosyl residues are key components of many microorganisms. Recent investigations have provided a greater understanding of the biosynthetic pathways by which these glycans are assembled. Concomitant with these biochemical studies, an increasing number of chemical syntheses of oligofuranosides have been reported and new methods for their assembly have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Houseknecht
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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