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Sulima A, Li F, Morgan JB, Truong P, Antoline JFG, Oertel T, Barrientos RC, Torres OB, Beck Z, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Matyas GR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of C1-Linked 4,5-Epoxymorphinan Haptens for Heroin Vaccines. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051553. [PMID: 35268659 PMCID: PMC8911913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing effort to develop effective anti-heroin vaccines as potential medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder, herein we present the design and synthesis of the haptens: 1-AmidoMorHap (1), 1-AmidoMorHap epimer (2), 1 Amido-DihydroMorHap (3), and 1 Amido-DihydroMorHap epimer (4). This is the first report of hydrolytically stable haptenic surrogates of heroin with the attachment site at the C1 position in the 4,5-epoxymorophinan nucleus. We prepared respective tetanus toxoid (TT)–hapten conjugates as heroin vaccine immunogens and evaluated their efficacy in vivo. We showed that all TT–hapten conjugates induced high antibody endpoint titers against the targets but only haptens 2 and 3 can induce protective effects against heroin in vivo. The epimeric analogues of these haptens, 1 and 4, failed to protect mice from the effects of heroin. We also showed that the in vivo efficacy is consistent with the results of the in vitro drug sequestration assay. Attachment of the linker at the C1 position induced antibodies with weak binding to the target drugs. Only TT-2 and TT-3 yielded antibodies that bound heroin and 6-acetyl morphine. None of the TT–hapten conjugates induced antibodies that cross-reacted with morphine, methadone, naloxone, or naltrexone, and only TT-3 interacted weakly with buprenorphine, and that subtle structural difference, especially at the C6 position, can vastly alter the specificity of the induced antibodies. This study is an important contribution in the field of vaccine development against small-molecule targets, providing proof that the chirality at C6 in these epoxymorphinans is a vital key to their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Fuying Li
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Jeffrey Brian Morgan
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Phong Truong
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Joshua F. G. Antoline
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Therese Oertel
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Rodell C. Barrientos
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Oscar B. Torres
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Zoltan Beck
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Gary R. Matyas
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
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The Intriguing Effects of Substituents in the N-Phenethyl Moiety of Norhydromorphone: A Bifunctional Opioid from a Set of "Tail Wags Dog" Experiments. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112640. [PMID: 32517185 PMCID: PMC7321161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(−)-N-Phenethyl analogs of optically pure N-norhydromorphone were synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated in several in vitro assays (opioid receptor binding, stimulation of [35S]GTPγS binding, forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay, and MOR-mediated β-arrestin recruitment assays). “Body” and “tail” interactions with opioid receptors (a subset of Portoghese’s message-address theory) were used for molecular modeling and simulations, where the “address” can be considered the “body” of the hydromorphone molecule and the “message” delivered by the substituent (tail) on the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety. One compound, N-p-chloro-phenethynorhydromorphone ((7aR,12bS)-3-(4-chlorophenethyl)-9-hydroxy-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-7(7aH)-one, 2i), was found to have nanomolar binding affinity at MOR and DOR. It was a potent partial agonist at MOR and a full potent agonist at DOR with a δ/μ potency ratio of 1.2 in the ([35S]GTPγS) assay. Bifunctional opioids that interact with MOR and DOR, the latter as agonists or antagonists, have been reported to have fewer side-effects than MOR agonists. The p-chlorophenethyl compound 2i was evaluated for its effect on respiration in both mice and squirrel monkeys. Compound 2i did not depress respiration (using normal air) in mice or squirrel monkeys. However, under conditions of hypercapnia (using air mixed with 5% CO2), respiration was depressed in squirrel monkeys.
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Musazzi UM, Matera C, Dallanoce C, Vacondio F, De Amici M, Vistoli G, Cilurzo F, Minghetti P. On the selection of an opioid for local skin analgesia: Structure-skin permeability relationships. Int J Pharm 2015; 489:177-85. [PMID: 25934430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that post-herpetical and inflammatory pain can be locally managed by morphine gels, empirically chosen. Aiming to rationalize the selection of the most suitable opioid for the cutaneous delivery, we studied the in vitro penetration through human epidermis of eight opioids, evidencing the critical modifications of the morphinan core. Log P, log D, solid-state features and solubility were determined. Docking simulations were performed using supramolecular assembly made of ceramide VI. The modifications on position 3 of the morphinan core resulted the most relevant in determining both physicochemical characteristics and diffusion pattern. The 3-methoxy group weakened the cohesiveness of the crystal lattice structure and increased the permeation flux (J). Computational studies emphasized that, while permeation is essentially controlled by molecule apolarity, skin retention depends on a fine balance of polar and apolar molecular features. Moreover, ChemPLP scoring the interactions between the opioids and ceramide, correlated with both the amount retained into the epidermis (Qret) and J. The balance of the skin penetration properties and the affinity potency for μ-receptors evidenced hydromorphone as the most suitable compound for the induction of local analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto M Musazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Matera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Clelia Dallanoce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco De Amici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Cilurzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Minghetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Kong LY, Wang P. Determination of the absolute configuration of natural products. Chin J Nat Med 2013; 11:193-8. [PMID: 23725829 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Structural elucidation of natural products is always one of the most important tasks for natural product researchers in related fields. Particularly, the absolute configuration (AC), being a great challenge for natural product chemists, has attracted much attention. During the past few decades, many techniques and approaches have been developed to determine the AC of natural products, including direct (or absolute) methods, e.g. X-ray diffraction (XRD), electronic and vibrational circular dichroism (ECD and VCD), and Raman optical activity (ROA), as well as indirect (or relative) methods using a reference or a derivatizing agent with known AC, e.g. CD with empirical rules and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) utilizing anisotropic effects of chiral derivatizing agents. However, none of the currently applied techniques is capable of dominating AC determination, since they each have their respective limitations corresponding to the different structural features. This mini review summarizes most of the techniques and methods which are commonly used in AC assignment of natural products, or have potential application prospects, and briefly describes their principles, advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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