1
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Zhang FG, Chen Z, Tang X, Ma JA. Triazines: Syntheses and Inverse Electron-demand Diels-Alder Reactions. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14555-14593. [PMID: 34586777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Triazines are an important class of six-membered aromatic heterocycles possessing three nitrogen atoms, resulting in three types of regio-isomers: 1,2,4-triazines (a-triazines), 1,2,3-triazines (v-triazines), and 1,3,5-triazines (s-triazines). Notably, the application of triazines as cyclic aza-dienes in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition reactions has been established as a unique and powerful method in N-heterocycle synthesis, natural product preparation, and bioorthogonal chemistry. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the advances in the construction of these triazines via annulation and ring-expansion reactions, especially emphasizing recent developments and challenges. The synthetic transformations of triazines are focused on IEDDA cycloaddition reactions, which have allowed access to a wide scope of heterocycles, including pyridines, carbolines, azepines, pyridazines, pyrazines, and pyrimidines. The utilization of triazine IEDDA reactions as key steps in natural product synthesis is also discussed. More importantly, a particular attention is paid on the bioorthogonal application of triazines in fast click ligation with various strained alkenes and alkynes, which opens a new opportunity for studying biomolecules in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
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2
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Tarasova OA, Nedolya NA, Albanov AI, Trofimov BA. 2‐Amino‐5‐(cyanomethylsulfanyl)‐1
H
‐pyrroles from Propargylamines, Isothiocyanates, and Bromoacetonitrile by One‐Pot Synthetic Protocol. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Tarasova
- An Unsaturated Heteroatom Compounds Laboratory A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
| | - Nina A. Nedolya
- An Unsaturated Heteroatom Compounds Laboratory A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I. Albanov
- An Unsaturated Heteroatom Compounds Laboratory A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
| | - Boris A. Trofimov
- An Unsaturated Heteroatom Compounds Laboratory A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
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3
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Xu G, Bai X, Dang Q. Aromatic Heterocycles as Productive Dienophiles in the Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Reactions of 1,3,5-Triazines. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:773-781. [PMID: 32227911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterocycles are often found as the structural nucleus in natural products and biological active compounds. Consequently, research toward the discovery and development of novel and efficient synthetic methodologies is of constant interest to organic chemists. Diels-Alder reactions are powerful at forming multiple bonds simultaneously, often with stereoselectivity, and thus are one of the most widely used synthetic methodologies in organic syntheses. Inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions, a subclass of Diels-Alder reactions, have been developed for the efficient synthesis of various heterocycles, with 1,3,5-triazines used as azadienes. The initial 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reactions mostly included nonaromatic, electron-rich species such as vinyl ethers, enamines, ynamines, and amidines as dienophiles, producing in high yields pyrimidine derivatives with excellent regioselectivity. We hypothesized that some electron-rich aromatic heterocycles could be studied as potential dienophiles for 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reactions; 5-aminopyrazoles proved to be productive dienophiles leading to high yields of pyrazolopyrimidines. Subsequently, many studies were reported to investigate the mechanism and scope of this new type of IEDDA reaction. Mechanistically, this new type of IEDDA reaction is quite interesting since it entails two aromatic compounds proceeding through a perceived high energy nonaromatic transition state, leading to a new aromatic compound, a counterintuitive process. Both theoretical and experimental studies provide key insights to this reaction mechanism, with learnings from these studies possibly stimulating unconventional thinking in other areas. Theoretical calculations of these cascade reactions of amino-substituted heterocycles with 1,3,5-triazines indicate that the reactions occur in a stepwise fashion via a highly polar zwitterionic intermediate; elimination of ammonia from IEDDA adducts and subsequent retro Diels-Alder reaction drive the reaction toward the fully aromatized IEDDA products. This amino substituent is critical in determining the regioselectivity and driving the cascade reactions to completion. With regard to reaction scope, many amino-heterocycles such as pyrroles, imidazoles, furans, thiophenes, and indoles all proved to be productive dienophiles for this new IEDDA reaction, leading to various fused-pyrimidines in a single step with moderate to high yields and high regioselectivity. Application of this new IEDDA reaction with 1,3,5-triazines was reported to lead to interesting heterocyclic compounds such as nucleoside natural product nebularine and analogues, as well as fluorine-containing fused pyrimidines with potential for biological activities.Herein, the scope of various aromatic heterocycles as dienophiles in the 1,3,5-triazine IEDDA reaction is reviewed. Moreover, both experimental and theoretical studies of the mechanisms for this interesting cascade IEDDA reaction are discussed. Finally, applications of this new type (aromatic heterocycles as dienophiles with 1,3,5-triazines as azadienes) of IEDDA reaction are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Xu
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xu Bai
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Qun Dang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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4
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Singh P, Varshnaya RK, Dey R, Banerjee P. Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes as an Expedient Building Block Towards the Construction of Nitrogen‐Containing Molecules: An Update. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab 140001 India
| | - Rohit Kumar Varshnaya
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab 140001 India
| | - Raghunath Dey
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab 140001 India
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Ropar Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab 140001 India
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5
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A Highly Efficient Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2‐
a
]pyrimidine Derivatives Containing 1,3‐Indandione Skeleton. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Maleki A, Taheri‐Ledari R, Soroushnejad M. Surface functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles via palladium‐catalyzed Diels‐Alder approach. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Reza Taheri‐Ledari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Mahya Soroushnejad
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
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7
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Yonekura K, Yoshimura Y, Akehi M, Tsuchimoto T. A Heteroarylamine Library: Indium-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Alkoxyheteroarenes with Amines. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Yonekura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Science and Technology; Meiji University; 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Science and Technology; Meiji University; 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Mizuri Akehi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Science and Technology; Meiji University; 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Teruhisa Tsuchimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Science and Technology; Meiji University; 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
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8
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Yadav VB, Rai P, Sagir H, Kumar A, Siddiqui IR. A green route for the synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives catalyzed by β-cyclodextrin. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03577b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The disclosed synthetic method for pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives offers several advantages such as non-toxic catalyst and aqueous reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay B. Yadav
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad
- India
| | - Pragati Rai
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad
- India
| | - Hozeyfa Sagir
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad
- India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad
- India
| | - I. R. Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Allahabad
- Allahabad
- India
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9
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Saroha M, Khanna G, Khurana JM. Synthesis of Novel 5-Substituted 6-Phenylpyrrolo[2, 3-d
]pyrimidine Derivatives via One-pot Three-Component Reactions Under Catalyst-Free Condition. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Saroha
- Department of chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007
| | - Garima Khanna
- Department of chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007
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10
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Mojikhalifeh S, Hasaninejad A. Synthesis of 1,2,3,5-substituted pyrroles from α-bromoacetophenones and 2-nitroethene-1,1-diamines. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Karamthulla S, Jana A, Choudhury LH. Synthesis of Novel 5,6-Disubstituted Pyrrolo [2,3-d]Pyrimidine-2,4-Diones Via One-Pot Three-Component Reactions. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2017; 19:108-112. [PMID: 28036166 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A simple and novel method for the synthesis of 5,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones has been reported using arylglyoxal-based three-component reactions. Under microwave heating conditions, arylglyoxal, 6-amino uracil, or its derivatives reacts with various thiols in acetic acid medium to provide a series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones (4) having a thioether and an aryl ring in 5 and 6 positions, respectively. On the other hand reaction of arylglyoxal, amino uracil and malononitrile in place of thiols, provided corresponding 5,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones (5) with selectively converting one of the -CN to -CONH2 group both in conventional (method A) and microwave heating conditions (method B). This methodology is a simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of diverse 5,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones from the readily available starting materials in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaik Karamthulla
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, Patna-8001103, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh-518007, India
| | - Asim Jana
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, Patna-8001103, India
| | - Lokman H. Choudhury
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, Patna-8001103, India
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12
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Nghia Pham N, Ali Salman G, Belattar N, Thanh Dang T, Ehlers P, Langer P. Synthesis of Pyrimido[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridines by a One-Pot C-N-Coupling/Hydroamination/C-H-Arylation Sequence. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ngo Nghia Pham
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry; VNU University of Science Hanoi (VNU-HUS); 19 Le Thanh Tong Hoan Kiem, Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Ghazwan Ali Salman
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; University Al-Mustansiriyah; Palestine St, Mustansiriya Baghdad Iraq
| | - Nadjah Belattar
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Tuan Thanh Dang
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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13
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Cheeseman MD, Westwood IM, Barbeau O, Rowlands M, Dobson S, Jones AM, Jeganathan F, Burke R, Kadi N, Workman P, Collins I, van Montfort RLM, Jones K. Exploiting Protein Conformational Change to Optimize Adenosine-Derived Inhibitors of HSP70. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4625-36. [PMID: 27119979 PMCID: PMC5371393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
HSP70 is a molecular chaperone and a key component of the heat-shock response. Because of its proposed importance in oncology, this protein has become a popular target for drug discovery, efforts which have as yet brought little success. This study demonstrates that adenosine-derived HSP70 inhibitors potentially bind to the protein with a novel mechanism of action, the stabilization by desolvation of an intramolecular salt-bridge which induces a conformational change in the protein, leading to high affinity ligands. We also demonstrate that through the application of this mechanism, adenosine-derived HSP70 inhibitors can be optimized in a rational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Cheeseman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Isaac M Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Olivier Barbeau
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Martin Rowlands
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Sarah Dobson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Alan M Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Fiona Jeganathan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Nadia Kadi
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
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14
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De Coen LM, Heugebaert TSA, García D, Stevens CV. Synthetic Entries to and Biological Activity of Pyrrolopyrimidines. Chem Rev 2015; 116:80-139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurens M. De Coen
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas S. A. Heugebaert
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel García
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Yang K, Yang Z, Dang Q, Bai X. Hydrazones as Productive Dienophiles in the Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reactions of 1,3,5-Triazines. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Sharma M, Bhuyan PJ. Synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical bis(pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl)methanes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09729g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Majumdar P, Pati A, Patra M, Behera RK, Behera AK. Acid hydrazides, potent reagents for synthesis of oxygen-, nitrogen-, and/or sulfur-containing heterocyclic rings. Chem Rev 2014; 114:2942-77. [PMID: 24506477 DOI: 10.1021/cr300122t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Majumdar
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University , Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, Orissa, India
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18
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Naidu PS, Bhuyan PJ. A novel one-pot three-component reaction for the synthesis of 5-arylamino-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines under microwave irradiation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Sharma M, Bhuyan PJ. A mild process of carbon–carbon bond formation in aqueous medium: synthesis of bis(pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl)methanes, a novel class of compounds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00897a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Kaur A, Singh B. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New 2,5-Diaryl-3-styryl-4H,2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-diones. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Baldev Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
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21
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De Rosa M, Arnold D, Hartline D. Four Mechanisms in the Reactions of 3-Aminopyrrole with 1,3,5-Triazines: Inverse Electron Demand Diels–Alder Cycloadditions vs SNAr Reactions via Uncatalyzed and Acid-Catalyzed Pathways. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8614-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4012915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, Pennsylvania 19063, United States
| | - David Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, Pennsylvania 19063, United States
| | - Douglas Hartline
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, Pennsylvania 19063, United States
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22
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De Rosa M, Arnold D. Aromaticity and Aminopyrroles: Desmotropy and Solution Tautomerism of 1H-Pyrrol-3-aminium and 1H-Pyrrol-3(2H)-iminium Cation: A Stable σ-Complex. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1107-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302457y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media,
Pennsylvania 19063, United States
| | - David Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media,
Pennsylvania 19063, United States
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24
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25
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Elneairy MA, Mekky AE, Ahmed AA. Bis-(cyanoacetamide)alkanes in heterocyclic synthesis: synthesis of bis-heteryl(carboxymido)alkanes and bis-(heteryl)alkanes of thiophene, pyrrole, thiazole and pyrimidinone series. J Sulphur Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2012.683433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Synthesis and kinetic testing of new inhibitors for a metallo-β-lactamase from Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:6075-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Iaroshenko VO, Maalik A, Ostrovskyi D, Villinger A, Spannenberg A, Langer P. Efficient synthesis of purines by inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reactions of 1-substituted-1H-imidazol-5-amines with 1,3,5-triazines. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Wang L, Bian X, Liu H, Sun Q, Wang C. One-Pot Synthesis of 4,6-Diarylpyrimidin-2(1H)-Ones via Multicomponent Reaction Promoted by Chlorotrimethylsilane. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.3184/030823410x12857507693355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
4,6-Diarylpyrimidin-2(1 H)-ones were effectively synthesised by utilising chlorotrimethylsilane (TMSCI) as an efficient promoter in the cyclisation condensation of arylketones, substituted benzaldehydes and urea by a one-pot, three-component reaction under air in DMF/CH3CN. The clean, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity and high yields were attractive features of the reaction which enables a facile preparative procedure for building the pyrimidine ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong Wang
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou 225300, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Bian
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou 225300, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
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29
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Leonard P, Ingale SA, Ding P, Ming X, Seela F. Studies on the glycosylation of pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuranose: the formation of regioisomers during toyocamycin and 7-deazainosine syntheses. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2010; 28:678-94. [PMID: 20183609 DOI: 10.1080/15257770903091953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation of silylated 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyano-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (9) with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuranose (10) under "one-pot" glycosylation conditions (MeCN, TMSOTf) yielded the N-7 isomer 11 together with the N-1 compound 13 (ratio = 2:1). When the same conditions were applied to 4-hydroxy-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (21) the N-3 isomer 22 was the only glycosylation product formed in almost quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Leonard
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Munster, Germany
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30
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Xu G, Zheng L, Wang S, Dang Q, Bai X. Synthesis of Electron-Deficient 1,3,5-Triazines as Potential Azadienes for Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Reactions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910902978031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Xu
- a The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Chemistry and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Lianyou Zheng
- a The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Chemistry and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Shixue Wang
- a The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Chemistry and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Qun Dang
- a The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Chemistry and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Xu Bai
- a The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Chemistry and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China
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31
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Dang Q, Carruli E, Tian F, Dang FW, Gibson T, Li W, Bai H, Chung M, Hecker SJ. A tandem decarboxylation and inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of amino-thiophenecarboxylic acids with 1,3,5-triazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.03.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Synthesis of certain pyrrole derivatives as antimicrobial agents. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2009; 59:145-58. [PMID: 19564140 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-009-0016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to establish new pyrroles and pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines with improved antimicrobial activity we report here the synthesis and in vitro microbiological evaluation of a series of pyrrole derivatives. A series of new 2-aminopyrrole-3-carbonitriles (1a-d) were synthesized from the reaction of benzoin, primary aromatic amines and malononitrile, from which a number of pyrrole derivatives (2a-d to 5a-d) and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines (6a-d to 10a, d) were synthesized. The in vitro antimicrobial testing of the synthesized compounds was carried out against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Some of the prepared compounds, [2-amino-1-(2-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitriles (1b), 2-amino-3-carbamoyl-1-(3-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrroles (2b), N-(3-cyano-1-(2-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamides (3b), N-(3-cyano-1-(3-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamides (3c), 2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3-tetrazolo-1H-pyrroles (5d), 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (7d), 7-(3-methylphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-thione (9b) and N-(7-(2-methylphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine)-N-aryl amines (10a)] showed potent antimicrobial activity.
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33
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Trofimov BA, Vasil’tsov AM, Mikhaleva AI, Ivanov AV, Skital’tseva EV, Schmidt EY, Senotrusova EY, Ushakov IA, Petrushenko KB. Synthesis of 1-vinylpyrrole-2-carbonitriles. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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De Rosa M, Arnold D. Electronic and Steric Effects on the Mechanism of the Inverse Electron Demand Diels−Alder Reaction of 2-Aminopyrroles with 1,3,5-Triazines: Identification of Five Intermediates by 1H, 13C, 15N, and 19F NMR Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2008; 74:319-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8019626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, Pennsylvania 19063
| | - David Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State Brandywine, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, Pennsylvania 19063
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35
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Effect of the leaving group on the reaction of 2-aminopyrroles with electron deficient heteroaromatic azadienes: substitution by addition–elimination versus cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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De Rosa M, Arnold D. Mechanism of the inverse-electron demand Diels–Alder reaction of 2-aminopyrroles with 1,3,5-triazines: detection of an intermediate and effect of added base and acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Zheng L, Xiang J, Dang Q, Guo S, Bai X. Design and Synthesis of a Tetracyclic Pyrimidine-Fused Benzodiazepine Library. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 8:381-7. [PMID: 16677008 DOI: 10.1021/cc0501615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Method development for a heterocyclic library which entails novel scaffolds of benzodiazepines fused with various heterocycles, such as pyrimidines, indolines, and tetrahydroquinolines, was accomplished. The new synthetic strategy is based on an electrophilic cyclization reaction involving an iminium intermediate formed by the corresponding aminopyrimidine with a carbonyl compound to give the desired heterocycles in high yields. Subsequent replacement of the chloro group in the resulted structures with a nucleophile, such as boronic acids, amines, alcohols and thiols, led to a library of privileged compounds with up to eight accessible diversity points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyou Zheng
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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38
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Synthesis of novel tricyclic pyrimidine-fused 5,6-dihydrobenzodiazepines via a Pictet–Spengler-like cyclization. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Zheng L, Xiang J, Dang Q, Guo S, Bai X. Novel heterocyclic scaffold consisting of indole-fused pteridines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 7:813-5. [PMID: 16283789 DOI: 10.1021/cc0500809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianyou Zheng
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Jilin University, 75 Jinlai Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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40
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Yu ZX, Dang Q, Wu YD. Clarification of the Mechanism of the Cascade Reactions between Amino-Substituted Heterocycles and 1,3,5-Triazines. J Org Chem 2005; 70:998-1005. [PMID: 15675860 DOI: 10.1021/jo049248n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the cascade reactions of amino-substituted imidazoles, pyrroles, and pyrazoles with 1,3,5-triazines have been studied using first principle MP2/6-311++G**//B3LYP/6-31G* calculations in both the gas phase and solution. Calculations indicate that these cascade reactions start with stepwise inverse-electron demand Diels-Alder (IDA) reactions, followed by elimination of ammonia from the IDA adducts, and retro Diels-Alder (RDA) reactions (referred as to the IER path). An alternative IRE path involving a reaction sequence of IDA, RDA, and elimination of ammonia is ruled out since the RDA transition states in this pathway are higher in energy than the reactants by as much as 50 kcal/mol. The preference of the IER over the IRE path is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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41
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Chrétien A, Chataigner I, Piettre SR. 1-Triflylpyrroles as efficient dienophiles in normal electron demand [4+2] cycloaddition reactions under pressure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:1351-3. [PMID: 15742075 DOI: 10.1039/b414978e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1-Triflylpyrroles bearing acetyl group(s) on position 3, or 2 and 4, are efficient dienophiles in normal electron demand Diels-Alder reactions activated by high pressures and Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Chrétien
- Laboratoire des Fonctions Azotées et Oxygénées Complexes, Université de Rouen, UMR CNRS 6014, IRCOF, Rue Tesnières, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
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42
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An efficient and facile one-pot synthesis of structurally unique 2,4,6-tris(arylchalcogeno)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,3,5-tris(arylchalcogeno)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Chapter 6.2 Six-membered ring systems: Diazines and benzo derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(03)80016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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