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Peluso P, Mamane V. Ferrocene derivatives with planar chirality and their enantioseparation by liquid-phase techniques. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:158-189. [PMID: 35946562 PMCID: PMC10087518 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, planar chiral ferrocenes have attracted a growing interest in several fields, particularly in asymmetric catalysis, medicinal chemistry, chiroptical spectroscopy and electrochemistry. In this frame, the access to pure or enriched enantiomers of planar chiral ferrocenes has become essential, relying on the availability of efficient asymmetric synthesis procedures and enantioseparation methods. Despite this, in enantioseparation science, these metallocenes were not comprehensively explored, and very few systematic analytical studies were reported in this field so far. On the other hand, enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography has been frequently used by organic and organometallic chemists in order to measure the enantiomeric purity of planar chiral ferrocenes prepared by asymmetric synthesis. On these bases, this review aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview on the enantioseparation of planar chiral ferrocenes by discussing liquid-phase enantioseparation methods developed over time, integrating this main topic with the most relevant aspects of ferrocene chemistry. Thus, the main structural features of ferrocenes and the methods to model this class of metallocenes will be briefly summarized. In addition, planar chiral ferrocenes of applicative interest as well as the limits of asymmetric synthesis for the preparation of some classes of planar chiral ferrocenes will also be discussed with the aim to orient analytical scientists towards 'hot topics' and issues which are still open for accessing enantiomers of ferrocenes featured by planar chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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Mongin F, Harrison-Marchand A. Mixed AggregAte (MAA): A Single Concept for All Dipolar Organometallic Aggregates. 2. Syntheses and Reactivities of Homo/HeteroMAAs. Chem Rev 2013; 113:7563-727. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mongin
- Equipe Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bât. 10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Laboratoire COBRA de l′Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cédex, France
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Chen S, Li L, Zhao H, Li B. Ce(OTf)3-catalyzed multicomponent domino cyclization–aromatization of ferrocenylacetylene, aldehydes, and amines: a straightforward synthesis of ferrocene-containing quinolines. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sünkel K, Budde H, Weigand S. 2-Pyridylmetallocenes, Part V. Synthesis of Hydroxymethyl-, Formyl-, and Carboxy-pyridylferrocene and Study of Their Cycloplatination Reactions. [Molecular Structures of [{C5H3R(2-C5H4N)-1, 2}FeCp] (R = CHO, COOH) and σ-Pt[(C5H5)Fe{C5H2(2-C5H4N)(CH2OH)}. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hayashi K, Yoshida K, Yanagisawa A. Synthesis of 4-Vinylindoles Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Enyne Metathesis. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3464-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400099x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Hayashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Akira Yanagisawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Xia Y, Liu Z, Xiao Q, Qu P, Ge R, Zhang Y, Wang J. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Cyclization of Bis(N-tosylhydrazone)s: An Efficient Approach towards Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Xia Y, Liu Z, Xiao Q, Qu P, Ge R, Zhang Y, Wang J. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Cyclization of Bis(N-tosylhydrazone)s: An Efficient Approach towards Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5714-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yoshida K, Hayashi K, Yanagisawa A. Construction of Carbocyclic Ring of Indoles Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Olefin Metathesis. Org Lett 2011; 13:4762-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201510u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kazushi Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Akira Yanagisawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Gyömöre Á, Csámpai A. Synthesis and structure of planar chiral ferroceno[d]pyridazinones, the first representatives of a novel class of fused metallocenes. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abboud M, Mamane V, Aubert E, Lecomte C, Fort Y. Synthesis of polyhalogenated 4,4'-bipyridines via a simple dimerization procedure. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3224-31. [PMID: 20426403 DOI: 10.1021/jo100152e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polyhalogenated 4,4'-bipyridines were conveniently synthesized in a single step starting from dihalopyridines. A mechanism was proposed on the basis of experiments performed with 2-chloro-5-bromopyridine 1a. 2-Chloro-4-lithio-5-bromopyridine A1 was produced via ortholithiation of 1a by using either LDA or t-BuLi bases. When LDA was used, dimer 3a containing two chlorines and two bromine atoms was formed predominantly accompanied by several byproducts whose structure and mechanism of formation are discussed. In the case of t-BuLi, although the major product was 2-chloropyridine 7, a new pyridone product 8 was formed that is probably the result of the dihydropyridine intermediate hydrolysis. The dimerization procedure involving LDA was employed to prepare a large number of halogenated 4,4'-bipyridines in moderate to good yields. In some specific cases, halogenated 3,4' and 2,4'-bipyridines were obtained in lower yields and their structures were unambiguously assigned by X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abboud
- Equipe Synthèse Organométallique et Réactivité (SOR), Laboratoire SRSMC, UMR CNRS-UHP 7565 Institut Jean Barriol, Nancy Université, BP 70239, Bd des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
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Mroczek A, Erre G, Taras R, Gladiali S. Chiral ferrocenyl ligands with bidentate pyridine donors. Synthesis and application in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 1,3-diphenylpropenyl-1-esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mamane V. The diastereoselective ortho-lithiation of Kagan’s ferrocenyl acetal. Generation and reactivity of chiral 2-substituted ferrocenecarboxaldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Chamas ZEA, Dietz O, Aubert E, Fort Y, Mamane V. Synthesis of new pentacyclic chromophores through a highly regio- and diastereoselective cascade process. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4815-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00390e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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van Otterlo WAL, de Koning CB. Metathesis in the synthesis of aromatic compounds. Chem Rev 2009; 109:3743-82. [PMID: 19618929 DOI: 10.1021/cr900178p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem A L van Otterlo
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, South Africa.
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Gros PC, Fort Y. Combinations of Alkyllithiums and Lithium Aminoalkoxides for Generation of Functional Pyridine Organometallics and Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe C. Gros
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
| | - Yves Fort
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
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Chandia NP, Canales JC, Azocar I, Vanlaer S, Pawar VG, De Borggraeve WM, Costamagna J, Dehaen W. Synthesis of 5,5′-Dialkyl-6,6′-dichloro-2, 2′-bipyridines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802440348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. P. Chandia
- a Universidad de Santiago de Chile , Alameda, Santiago, Chile
| | - J. C. Canales
- a Universidad de Santiago de Chile , Alameda, Santiago, Chile
| | - I. Azocar
- a Universidad de Santiago de Chile , Alameda, Santiago, Chile
| | - S. Vanlaer
- b K. U. Leuven, Molecular Design and Synthesis , Leuven, Belgium
| | - V. G. Pawar
- b K. U. Leuven, Molecular Design and Synthesis , Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - J. Costamagna
- a Universidad de Santiago de Chile , Alameda, Santiago, Chile
| | - W. Dehaen
- b K. U. Leuven, Molecular Design and Synthesis , Leuven, Belgium
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Sadhukhan N, Bera JK. Mixed-Metal Assemblies Involving Ferrocene−Naphthyridine Hybrids. Inorg Chem 2008; 48:978-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Jitendra K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
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Mamane V, Louërat F, Iehl J, Abboud M, Fort Y. A general and efficient method for the synthesis of benzo-(iso)quinoline derivatives. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Kowalski K, Winter RF. The synthesis, structures, and electrochemistry of 1′-heteroaryl-2,5-dimethylazaferrocenes. J Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Omedes M, Gómez-Sal P, Andriès J, Moyano A. Diastereoselective addition of organozinc and organomagnesium reagents to 2-(2′-pyrimidyl)ferrocenecarbaldehyde. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Anderson JC, Osborne JD, Woltering TJ. Enantioselective functionalisation of the C-2′ position of 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylazaferroceneviasparteine mediated lithiation: potential new ligands for asymmetric catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:330-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b715323f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mamane V, Aubert E, Fort Y. The methyl group as a source of structural diversity in heterocyclic chemistry: side chain functionalization of picolines and related heterocycles. J Org Chem 2007; 72:7294-300. [PMID: 17696549 DOI: 10.1021/jo071209z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-picoline at the methyl group with NDA and KDA followed by dimethyldisulfide trapping furnished, respectively, dithioacetals and trithioortho esters with high selectivity. The method was successfully applied to other methyl-substituted pyridines, quinolines, and pyrazines. Dithioketals were prepared by a one-pot procedure involving the reaction of metalated 2-picoline with 2 equiv of dimethyldisulfide followed by in situ trapping with a second electrophile. All of the generated thio-substituted compounds were efficiently transformed in presence of mercury salts or under oxidizing conditions to other functional groups comprising aldehydes, ketones, ketals, thiol esters, orthoesters, and esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mamane
- Laboratoire SRSMC, Equipe de Synthèse Organométallique et Réactivité, UMR CNRS-UHP 7565, Faculté des Sciences, Nancy-Université, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
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Diastereoselective allylation of planar chiral substituted ferrocenecarboxaldehyde: an efficient entry to chiral ferrocenyl ligands. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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García J, Moyano A, Rosol M. An efficient, general synthesis of racemic 2-substituted ferrocenecarboxaldehydes. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stepnicka P, Císarova I. Synthesis and Coordination Behavior of Planar-Chiral Ferrocene Alkenylphosphines. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:8785-98. [PMID: 17029391 DOI: 10.1021/ic061278g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of planar-chiral ferrocene alkenylphosphines, (S(p))-2-(diphenylphosphino)-1-vinylferrocene (2), (S(p))-2-(diphenylphosphino)-1-(prop-1-en-1-yl)ferrocene (3; as a mixture of Z and E isomers in ca. 5:1 ratio), and (E,S(p))-2-(diphenylphosphino)-1-(2-phenylethen-1-yl)ferrocene ((E)-4), was obtained by Wittig and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions from the common precursor, (S(p))-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-1-carboxaldehyde (1). Coordination properties of these novel ferrocene donors were studied in their palladium(II) and tungsten(0)-carbonyl complexes. The reaction between 2 and [{Pd(mu-Cl)(L(NC))}2] (5, L(NC) = 2-{(dimethylamino)methyl-kappaN}phenyl-kappaC(1)) gave the bridge-cleavage product [PdCl(L(NC))(2-kappaP)] (6) while the reaction with [Pd(L(NC))(MeCN)2]ClO4 (7) yielded the cationic bis(chelate) [Pd(L(NC))(2-eta2:kappaP)]ClO4 (8). Chelate complexes of the type [W(CO)4(L-eta2:kappaP)] (9 with L = 2; (Z/E)-10 with L = (Z/E)-3) were obtained by reacting [W(CO)4(cod)] (cod = eta2:eta2-cycloocta-1,5-diene) with the appropriate phosphinoalkene in refluxing toluene while a similar reaction with (E)-4 yielded mixtures of [W(CO)5(4-kappaP)] ((E)-11) and [W(CO)4(4-eta2:kappaP)] ((E)-12). All compounds were characterized by spectral methods (multinuclear NMR, IR, MS, and CD), and the structures of 1, 2, 8, 9, (Z/E)-10, and (E)-11 were corroborated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Ligands 2 and (E)-4 as well as their complexes 6, 8, 9, (E)-11, and (E)-12 were further studied by electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Stepnicka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic. stepnic@ natur.cuni.cz
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New efficient access to thieno[3,2-b]pyridine derivatives via regioselective lithiation of 3-methylthiopyridine. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Mamane V, Fort Y. A cascade process toward the synthesis of fused polycyclic dihydropyridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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