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Martínez-Bailén M, Matassini C, Clemente F, Faggi C, Goti A, Cardona F. Stereoselective Synthesis of Heavily Hydroxylated Azepane Iminosugars via Osmium-Catalyzed Tethered Aminohydroxylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:5833-5837. [PMID: 37515782 PMCID: PMC10425973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel stereoselective synthetic approach to pentahydroxyazepane iminosugars is described. The strategy relies on a key osmium-catalyzed aminohydroxylation reaction of allylic alcohols obtained via addition of vinylmagnesium bromide to a d-mannose-derived aldehyde, which forms the new C-N bond with complete regio- and stereocontrol according to the tethering approach. Subsequent intramolecular reductive amination afforded the desired azepanes. This method represents the first application of the osmium-catalyzed tethered aminohydroxylation reaction to the synthesis of iminosugars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Cristina Faggi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo
Schiff” (DICUS), Università
di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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2
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Liu T, Fang Y, Zuo L, Yang Y, Liu Y, Chen W, Dang L, Guo W. Pd/LA-catalyzed decarboxylation enabled exclusive [5 + 2] annulation toward N-aryl azepanes and DFT insights. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A practical approach towards the synthesis of non-fused N-aryl azepane derivatives with diversity is described. DFT calculations revealed the origins of this unusual exclusive [5 + 2] rather than empirical [3 + 2] annulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yuqi Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Guangdong 515063
- China
| | - Linhong Zuo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yulian Yang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Yin Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Weipeng Chen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Guangdong 515063
- China
| | - Wusheng Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710045
- China
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3
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Kiss L, Ouchakour L, Ábrahámi RA, Nonn M. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Functionalized Azaheterocycles from Carbocycles through Oxidative Ring Opening/Reductive Ring Closing Protocols. CHEM REC 2019; 20:120-141. [PMID: 31250972 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing organic scaffolds are of significant interest in medicinal chemistry. The incorporation of fluorine into biomolecules can lead to remarkable changes in their physical, chemical, and biological properties. There are already many drugs on the market, which contain at least one fluorine atom. Saturated functionalized azaheterocycles as bioactive substances have gained increasing attention in pharmaceutical chemistry. Due to the high biorelevance of organofluorine molecules and the importance of N-heterocyclic compounds, selective stereocontrolled procedures to the access of new fluorine-containing saturated N-heterocycles are considered to be a hot research topic. This account summarizes the synthesis of functionalized and fluorine-containing saturated azaheterocycles starting from functionalized cycloalkenes and based on oxidative ring cleavage of diol intermediates followed by ring expansion with reductive amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hungary
| | - Lamiaa Ouchakour
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hungary
| | - Renáta A Ábrahámi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Melinda Nonn
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hungary
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4
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Zawodny W, Montgomery SL, Marshall JR, Finnigan JD, Turner NJ, Clayden J. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Substituted Azepanes by Sequential Biocatalytic Reduction and Organolithium-Mediated Rearrangement. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17872-17877. [PMID: 30521324 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched 2-aryl azepanes and 2-arylbenzazepines were generated biocatalytically by asymmetric reductive amination using imine reductases or by deracemization using monoamine oxidases. The amines were converted to the corresponding N'-aryl ureas, which rearranged on treatment with base with stereospecific transfer of the aryl substituent to the 2-position of the heterocycle via a configurationally stable benzyllithium intermediate. The products are previously inaccessible enantioenriched 2,2-disubstituted azepanes and benzazepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Zawodny
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L Montgomery
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
| | - James R Marshall
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
| | - James D Finnigan
- Prozomix Limited , Station Court , Haltwhistle NE49 9HN , United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
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5
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Masson G, Rioton S, Gomez Pardo D, Cossy J. Access to Enantio-enriched Substituted α-Trifluoromethyl Azepanes from l-Proline. Org Lett 2018; 20:5019-5022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Masson
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI), UMR 8231, ESPCI Paris/CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris 75231 Cedex 05, France
| | - Sarah Rioton
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI), UMR 8231, ESPCI Paris/CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris 75231 Cedex 05, France
| | - Domingo Gomez Pardo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI), UMR 8231, ESPCI Paris/CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris 75231 Cedex 05, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI), UMR 8231, ESPCI Paris/CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris 75231 Cedex 05, France
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6
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Spedding H, Karuso P, Liu F. Synthesis of Substituted Oxo-Azepines by Regio- and Diastereoselective Hydroxylation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111871. [PMID: 29088108 PMCID: PMC6150284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Spedding
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Peter Karuso
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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7
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Barbero A, Diez-Varga A, Pulido FJ, González-Ortega A. Synthesis of Azepane Derivatives by Silyl-aza-Prins Cyclization of Allylsilyl Amines: Influence of the Catalyst in the Outcome of the Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:1972-5. [PMID: 27074135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of seven-membered nitrogen heterocycles by silyl-aza-Prins cyclization is described. The process provides trans-azepanes in high yields and good to excellent diastereoselectivities. Moreover, the reaction outcome is dependent on the Lewis acid employed. Thus, while azepanes are selectively obtained when InCl3 is used, the reaction in the presence of TMSOTf provides tetrahydropyran derivatives corresponding to a tandem Sakurai-Prins cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Barbero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid , Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alberto Diez-Varga
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid , Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pulido
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid , Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alfonso González-Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Valladolid , Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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8
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Lawande PP, Sontakke VA, Nair RJ, Khan A, Sabharwal SG, Shinde VS. Synthesis of polyhydroxylated azetidine iminosugars and 3-hydroxy-N-methylazetidine-2-carboxylic acid from d-glucose. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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A stereoselective transformation of (−)-shikimic acid into (3R,4S,5R,7R)-7-(hydroxymethyl)azepane-3,4,5-triol, a potential glycosidase inhibitor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Shih TL, Liao WY, Yen WC. Regioselective fluorination in synthesis of deoxyfluoro quercitols from d-(−)-quinic acid. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Patel AR, Hunter L, Bhadbhade MM, Liu F. Conformational Regulation of Substituted Azepanes through Mono-, Di-, and Trifluorination. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Parshikov IA, Silva EO, Furtado NAJC. Transformation of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds by microorganisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1497-506. [PMID: 24352731 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include many drugs and compounds that may be used as synthons for the synthesis of other pharmacologically active substances. The need for new derivatives of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles for organic synthesis, biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry, including optically active derivatives, has increased interest in microbial synthesis. This review provides an overview of microbial technologies that can be valuable to produce new derivatives of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles, including hydroxylated derivatives. The chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity of microbial processes can be indispensable for the synthesis of new compounds. Microbial processes carried out with fungi, including Beauveria bassiana, Cunninghamella verticillata, Penicillium simplicissimum, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and bacteria, including Pseudomonas sp., Sphingomonas sp. and Rhodococcus erythropolis, biotransform many substrates efficiently. Among the biological activities of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are antimicrobial, antitumor, antihypertensive and anti-HIV activities; some derivatives are effective for the treatment and prevention of malaria and trypanosomiasis, and others are potent glycosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Parshikov
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
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14
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Patel AR, Ball G, Hunter L, Liu F. Conformational regulation of substituted azepanes through selective monofluorination. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3781-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Šafář P, Žúžiová J, Marchalín Š, Prónayová N, Švorc Ľ, Vrábel V, Šesták S, Rendić D, Tognetti V, Joubert L, Daïch A. Combined Chemical, Biological and Theoretical DFT-QTAIM Study of Potent Glycosidase Inhibitors Based on Quaternary Indolizinium Salts. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Yeh PL, Tai CK, Shih TL, Hsiao HL, Wang BC. Conformational analysis of a seven-membered ring azasugar, (3R,4R,6S)-trihydroxyazepane: Comparison of GIAO calculation and experimental NMR spectra on 13C chemical shifts. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Shih TL, Liang MT, Wu KD, Lin CH. Synthesis of polyhydroxy 7- and N-alkyl-azepanes as potent glycosidase inhibitors. Carbohydr Res 2010; 346:183-90. [PMID: 21146809 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An effective synthetic method for polyhydroxylated azepanes that contain an alkyl group (Me or Bu) at either the 7- or N-positions is developed. The synthetic routes are accomplished in eight to ten steps from d-(-)-quinic acid. Among the compounds synthesized, the polyhydroxy 7-butyl azepane (compound 3), which possessed the R-configuration at C-7 position, is shown to give potent inhibition against β-galactosidase (IC(50)= 3 microM). Preliminary biological data indicate that the length of alkyl groups along with the proper stereochemistry at the C-7 position is essential for acquiring extra binding affinity. Using similar synthetic routes, the polyhydroxy N-methyl and N-butyl azepanes are synthesized for the comparison of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui 25137, Taipei County, Taiwan.
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18
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Kalamkar NB, Kasture VM, Chavan ST, Sabharwal SG, Dhavale DD. Concise and practical route to tri- and tetra-hydroxy seven-membered iminocyclitols as glycosidase inhibitors from d-(+)-glucurono-γ-lactone. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Synthesis and reductive desulfurization of chiral non-racemic benzothienoindolizines. An efficient approach to a novel bioactive tylophorine alkaloid analogue and 6-phenylindolizidine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Li RJ, Bols M, Rousseau C, Zhang XG, Wang RW, Qing FL. Synthesis and biological evaluation of potent glycosidase inhibitors: 4-deoxy-4,4-difluoroisofagomine and analogues. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Şahin E, Baran A, Balcı M. rac-(2 R*,3 S*,5 S*,6 R*,7 S*,8 S*)-7,8-Dichlorobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,3,5,6-tetrayl tetraacetate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o526-7. [PMID: 21582188 PMCID: PMC2968458 DOI: 10.1107/s160053680900484x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C16H20Cl2O8, contains a central bicyclo[2.2.2]octane skeleton with slightly twisted conformation. In this structure, the C—C bond lengths are in the range 1.525 (2)–1.552 (2) Å. Two sides of this skeleton have cis,cis acetoxy substituents and the Cl atoms have a trans arrangement. An extensive network of weak C—H⋯O interactions stabilizes the crystal structure.
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22
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Šafář P, Žúžiová J, Marchalín Š, Tóthová E, Prónayová N, Švorc Ľ, Vrábel V, Daïch A. Highly diastereoselective approach to novel phenylindolizidinols via benzothieno analogues of tylophorine based on reductive desulfurization of benzo[b]thiophene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Alam MA, Kumar A, Vankar YD. Total Synthesis of L-(+)-Swainsonine and Other Indolizidine Azasugars from D-Glucose. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Baran A, Günel A, Balci M. Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,3,5,6,7,8 hexols (Bishomoinositols) as Glycosidase Inhibitors. J Org Chem 2008; 73:4370-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800553u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Baran
- Departments of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey, Sakarya University, 54100 Sakarya, Turkey, and Sinop University, 57000, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Günel
- Departments of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey, Sakarya University, 54100 Sakarya, Turkey, and Sinop University, 57000, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Metin Balci
- Departments of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey, Sakarya University, 54100 Sakarya, Turkey, and Sinop University, 57000, Sinop, Turkey
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25
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Shih T, Fang Y. Expeditious Synthesis of New 3,4,6‐Trihydroxythiepanes from d‐(‐)‐Quinic Acid. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701490113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzenge‐Lien Shih
- a Department of Chemistry , Tamkang University , Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Chuan Fang
- a Department of Chemistry , Tamkang University , Taiwan, Republic of China
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