1
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Dey J, Kaltenberger S, van Gemmeren M. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Nondirected Late-Stage C(sp 2)-H Deuteration of Heteroarenes Enabled Through a Multi-Substrate Screening Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404421. [PMID: 38512005 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The importance of deuterium labelling in a variety of applications, ranging from mechanistic studies to drug-discovery, has spurred immense interest in the development of new methods for its efficient incorporation in organic, and especially in bioactive molecules. The five-membered heteroarenes at the center of this work are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive molecules and efficient methods for the deuterium labelling of these compounds are therefore highly desirable. However, the profound differences in chemical properties encountered between different heteroarenes hamper the development of a single set of broadly applicable reaction conditions, often necessitating a separate optimization campaign for a given type of heteroarene. In this study we describe the use of a multi-substrate screening approach to identify optimal reaction conditions for different classes of heteroarenes from a minimal number of screening reactions. Using this approach, four sets of complementary reaction conditions derived from our dual ligand-based palladium catalysts for nondirected C(sp2)-H activation were identified, that together enable the deuteration of structurally diverse heteroarenes, including bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Dey
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Kaltenberger
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Hussein EM, Moussa Z, Al-Fahemi JH, Al-Rooqi MM, Obaid RJ, Malik MS, Abd-El-Aziz AS, Ahmed SA. Study on Regio- and Diastereoselectivity of the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of Azomethine Ylide with 2-(Benzo[ d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(aryl)acrylonitrile: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Computational Approach. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23802-23821. [PMID: 38854577 PMCID: PMC11154954 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented and efficient three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction using (E)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(aryl)acrylonitriles 4a-g and an in situ generated azomethine ylide 3 from isatin and N-methylglycine is described. The reaction exhibits exclusive regioselectivity, resulting in the formation of 3'-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-1'-methyl-2-oxo-4'-(aryl)spiro[indoline-3,2'-pyrrolidine]-3'-carbonitriles regioisomers through exo/endo approaches. The diastereoselectivity of the reaction is highly dependent on the substitution pattern of the phenyl ring in dipolarophiles 4a-g, leading to the formation of exo-/endo-cycloadducts in varying ratios. To understand the stereoselectivity, the transition state structures were optimized using the TS guess geometry with the QST3-based method. The reaction mechanism and regioselectivity were elucidated by evaluating global and local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity descriptors at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory, along with considerations based on the HSAB principle. The analysis of global electron density transfer (GEDT) showed that the reactions are polar and electron density fluxes from azomethine ylide 3 toward dipolarophile 4a-g. It was found from the molecular electrostatic potential map (MESP) that at the more favorable transition state, approach of reactants locates the oppositely charged regions over each other resulting in attractive forces between the two fragments. The computational results are consistent with the experimental observations, confirming that the reactions proceed through an asynchronous one-step mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam M. Hussein
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut
University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, United
Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jabir H. Al-Fahemi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Munirah M. Al-Rooqi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Rami J. Obaid
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - M. Shaheer Malik
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz
- Qingdao
Innovation and Development Center, Harbin
Engineering University, Qingdao, 266400, China
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura
University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi
Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut
University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
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3
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Mendoza-Báez R, García-Toral D, Rivas-Silva JF, Camposeco ANS, Gómez SE, Cocoletzi GH, Flores-Riveros A. New Cap-Holed AlP, GaP, and InP Nanotubes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2920-2930. [PMID: 38250395 PMCID: PMC10795121 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The structural, vibrational, and electronic properties of new inorganic X-phosphide nanotubes (ch-XPNT), with X = Al, Ga, or In and chirality of (5,5), are investigated. These new NTs display cap-hole ends, with the cap-hole features induced by the nonpassivated ends. Studies are based on density functional theory (DFT) using the M06-2X, PBE, and B3LYP functionals together with the LanL2DZ basis set. All nanostructures have been relaxed by minimizing the total energy, assuming a nonmagnetic nature and a total neutral charge. Note that the cap-hole NTs are terminated by a 10-atom ring, which in turn favors the geometrical ordering and yields stable structures. The (5,5) ch-XPNT are highly electrophilic and nonpolar, in addition to having high solvation energy values. Let us remark that solvation energies are produced by the intermolecular forces that involve the induced dipoles. Structural and vibrational results show that the X-P bonds are single bonds. Finally, results suggest that the inorganic nanotubes are structurally stable with semiconductor features, which means that their functionalization may yield interesting future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Mendoza-Báez
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, México
| | - Dolores García-Toral
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita
Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur S/N, San Manuel, Puebla 72570, México
| | | | - Akari Narayama Sosa Camposeco
- Instituto
de Física, Benemérita Universidad
Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 Sur, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, México
| | - Sandra Esteban Gómez
- Instituto
de Física, Benemérita Universidad
Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 Sur, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, México
| | - Gregorio Hernández Cocoletzi
- Instituto
de Física, Benemérita Universidad
Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 Sur, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, México
| | - Antonio Flores-Riveros
- Instituto
de Física, Benemérita Universidad
Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Blvd. 18 Sur, Col. San Manuel, Puebla 72570, México
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4
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Han S, Seo I, Ryu DH. Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Glyoxals Catalyzed by Chiral Oxazaborolidinium Ion Catalyst. Org Lett 2023; 25:6813-6817. [PMID: 37703524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic enantioselective Friedel-Crafts reaction of various heteroaromatic compounds with glyoxals has been developed. In the presence of a chiral oxazaborolidinium ion catalyst, the reaction provided chiral α-hydroxyketones in high yield (up to 96%) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee). The synthetic utility of this method was illustrated by conversion of the products to various derivatives such as 1,2-diol and β-amino alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyeong Han
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Injoo Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon, Jangan, Suwon, 16419, Korea
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5
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Bork LV, Baumann M, Stobernack T, Rohn S, Kanzler C. Colorants and Antioxidants Deriving from Methylglyoxal and Heterocyclic Maillard Reaction Intermediates. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1788. [PMID: 37760091 PMCID: PMC10525816 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Maillard reaction is well known for producing antioxidant compounds alongside colored substances. Low-molecular-weight antioxidant intermediates such as maltol (MAL) or norfuraneol (NF) are well described, but it is still unclear which of these Maillard intermediates are the precursors of antioxidant and colored melanoidins-the so-called late stage Maillard reaction products. This study aimed to provide novel insights into the correlation between browning potential and antioxidant properties of reaction products formed during the heat treatment of prominent Maillard reaction intermediates. It was achieved by the incubation of binary reaction systems composed of methylglyoxal (MGO) or NF in combination with furfural (FF), MAL, and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (PA) at pH 5 and 130 °C for up to 120 min. Overall, it could be shown that the formation of colored products in the binary NF reaction systems was more efficient compared to those of MGO. This was reflected in an increased browning intensity of up to 400% and a lower conversion rate of NF compared to MGO. The colorants formed by NF and FF or PA (~0.34 kDa and 10-100 kDa) were also found to exhibit higher molecular weights compared to the analogue products formed in the MGO incubations (<0.34 kDa and 10-100 kDa). The incorporation of NF into these heterogenous products with FF and PA resulted in the preservation of the initial antioxidant properties of NF (p < 0.05), whereas no antioxidant products were formed after the incubation of MGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Valentin Bork
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Maximilian Baumann
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Tobias Stobernack
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (M.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Clemens Kanzler
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (M.B.); (S.R.)
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6
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Jabłoński M. Halogen Bond to Experimentally Significant N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (I, IMe 2, I iPr 2, I tBu 2, IPh 2, IMes 2, IDipp 2, IAd 2; I = Imidazol-2-ylidene). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109057. [PMID: 37240403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The subjects of the article are halogen bonds between either XCN or XCCH (X = Cl, Br, I) and the carbene carbon atom in imidazol-2-ylidene (I) or its derivatives (IR2) with experimentally significant and systematically increased R substituents at both nitrogen atoms: methyl = Me, iso-propyl = iPr, tert-butyl = tBu, phenyl = Ph, mesityl = Mes, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl = Dipp, 1-adamantyl = Ad. It is shown that the halogen bond strength increases in the order Cl < Br < I and the XCN molecule forms stronger complexes than XCCH. Of all the carbenes considered, IMes2 forms the strongest and also the shortest halogen bonds with an apogee for complex IMes2⋯ICN for which D0 = 18.71 kcal/mol and dC⋯I = 2.541 Å. In many cases, IDipp2 forms as strong halogen bonds as IMes2. Quite the opposite, although characterized by the greatest nucleophilicity, ItBu2 forms the weakest complexes (and the longest halogen bonds) if X ≠ Cl. While this finding can easily be attributed to the steric hindrance exerted by the highly branched tert-butyl groups, it appears that the presence of the four C-H⋯X hydrogen bonds may also be of importance here. Similar situation occurs in the case of complexes with IAd2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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7
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Photocatalytic degradation of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos in aqueous suspensions using a novel activated carbon ZrO2-ZnO nanocomposite under UV light. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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8
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Senior A, Ruffell K, Ball LT. meta-Selective C-H arylation of phenols via regiodiversion of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nat Chem 2023; 15:386-394. [PMID: 36509853 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrophilic aromatic substitution is among the most widely used mechanistic manifolds in organic chemistry. Access to certain substitution patterns is, however, precluded by intrinsic and immutable substituent effects that ultimately restrict the diversity of the benzenoid chemical space. Here we demonstrate that the established regioselectivity of electrophilic aromatic substitution can be overcome simply by diverting the key σ-complex intermediate towards otherwise inaccessible substitution products. This 'regiodiversion' strategy is realized through the development of a general and concise method for the meta-selective C-H arylation of sterically congested phenols. Consisting of a Bi(V)-mediated electrophilic arylation and a subsequent aryl migration/rearomatization, our process is orthogonal to conventional C-H activation and cross-coupling approaches, and does not require prefunctionalization of the substrate. Mechanistically informed applications in synthesis showcase its utility as a versatile and enabling route to highly functionalized, contiguously substituted aromatic building blocks that defy synthesis via existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Senior
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katie Ruffell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Liam T Ball
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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9
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Singh S, Mondal S, Tiwari V, Karmakar T, Hazra CK. Cooperative Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Electron-Deficient Arenes via Catalyst Activation with Hexafluoroisopropanol. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300180. [PMID: 36680470 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A Friedel-Crafts alkylation of electron-deficient arenes with aldehydes through ''catalyst activation'' is presented. Through hydrogen bonding interactions, the solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3, -hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) interacted with the added Brønsted acid catalyst pTSA•H2 O, increasing its acidity. This activated catalyst enabled the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of electron-neutral as well as electron-deficient arenes. Strongly electron withdrawing arenes including arenes with multiple halogen atoms, NO2 , CHO, CO2 R, and CN, groups acted as efficient nucleophiles in this reaction. DFT studies reveal multiple roles of solvent HFIP viz; increasing the Brønsted acidity of the catalyst pTSA•H2 O, and stabilization of the transition states through a concerted pathway enabling the challenging reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sankalan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vikas Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Tarak Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Chinmoy Kumar Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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10
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Shan L, Li H, Zheng W, Wang X, Wang X, Hu Y. Tandem Synthesis of 2-Azaspiro[4.5]deca-1,6,9-trien-8-ones Based on Tf 2O-Promoted Activation of N-(2-Propyn-1-yl) Amides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:525-533. [PMID: 36522846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Structurally novel 2-azaspiro[4.5]deca-1,6,9-trien-8-ones were synthesized from N-(2-propyn-1-yl) amides and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzenes by a tandem method consisting of a Tf2O-promoted amide activation and a TfOH-promoted Friedel-Crafts ipso-cyclization. The method offered the first example of using N-(2-propyn-1-yl) amides as substrates in both Tf2O-promoted secondary amide activation and the synthesis of azaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-8-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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11
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Shan L, Li H, Zheng W, Wang X, Wang X, Hu Y. Mechanistic Insights into Tf 2O-Promoted Electrophilic Activation of 2-Propynamides and a New Synthesis of 2,4-Disubstituted Quinolines. Org Lett 2022; 24:8806-8811. [PMID: 36442083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct evidence explaining why 2-propynamides have never been used as substrates in Tf2O-promoted electrophilic activations was obtained. Furthermore, a new method for the synthesis of structurally special 2,4-disubstituted quinolines was developed, by which the substituent at position 2 of quinolines can be diversified easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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12
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El Guesmi N, Hussein EM, Moussa Z, Alkhuzaee AH, Alzahrani AY, Jassas RS, Al-Rooqi MM, Obaid RJ, Ahmed SA. Spectroscopic, computational and mechanistic studies on regio- and stereoselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in the synthesis of dispiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3"-indolines] festooned with pyrene moiety. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Crystallographic and computational investigations of structural properties in phenyl and methoxy‑phenyl substituted 1,4 dihydropyridine derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Kirpalani DM, Nong A, Ansari R. Insights into ultrasound-promoted degradation of naphthenic acid compounds in oil sands process affected water. Part II: In silico quantum screening of hydroxyl radical initiated and propagated degradation of benzoic acid. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 85:105983. [PMID: 35338999 PMCID: PMC8956944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In Part I, we outlined the importance of sustainable sonochemical treatment to intensify oil sands process affected water (OSPW) treatment empirically and hypothesized degradation pathways. Herein, we elucidate the formation of intermediate products with well-defined molecular level solutions. Proposed mechanisms describe hydroxylation, decarboxylation and bond scission which drive the degradation of intermediates towards mineralization. This comprehensive first study on in silico screening of sonochemical degradation investigates quantum methods using density functional theory to explain the postulated degradation mechanisms through a theoretical radical attack approach, based on condensed Fukui reactivity indicators. A nudged elasticity band (NEB) approach is applied to find a minimum energy path (MEP), allowing the determination of intermediate products and energy barriers associated with naphthenic acid degradation. This approach provides structures and energies of the breakdown compounds formed along the reaction pathway enabling the determination of molecular reaction kinetics. In continuation of Part 1, the focus of this study is to evaluate sonochemically-induced hydroxyl radical (OH•) reactions of benzoic acid using density functional theory. Hydroxylation and decarboxylation mechanisms of the model naphthenic acid compound and its intermediates were simulated to determine the prospective pathway to ideal mineralization. DFT was applied to calculate interaction energies, Mulliken charges, Hirshfeld population analysis, dipole moments, frontier orbitals, and polarizability. Electronic properties and frontier orbital trends were also compared to computational work by Riahi et al.[1] to confirm the transition states by Nudged Elastic Band Transition State theory (NEB-TS). In combination with Hirshfeld Population analysis, Fukui indices suggest a more linear degradation pathway narrowed down from earlier experimental work by Singla et al.[2]. The linear free energy relationship for the newly suggested computational benzoic acid degradation can be determined by lnkTST/W=-1.677ΔG-15.41 with a R2 of 0.9997 according to classic transition state theory and Wigner tunneling. This computational method can be used to explore possible degradation pathways of other NAs and bridges molecular-to-macroscale sonochemical degradation of NA's through a manifestation of molecular solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak M Kirpalani
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Andy Nong
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Rija Ansari
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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15
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16
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Chaves-Carballo K, Lamoureux GV, Perez AL, Bella Cruz A, Cechinel Filho V. Novel one-pot synthesis of a library of 2-aryloxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Determination of antifungal and antibacterial activity. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18507-18523. [PMID: 35799928 PMCID: PMC9218966 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01814d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new antibiotics and inexpensive antifungals is an important field of research. Based on the privileged pharmacophore of lawsone, a series of phenolic ether derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone were synthesized easily in one step in reasonable yields. All the new compounds were characterized and tested as potential antifungal and antibacterial agents against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Compound 55 has significant antibacterial action (as good as or better than the controls) against E. coli and S. aureus. Against C. albicans, compounds 38, 46, 47 and 60 were the best candidates as antifungals. Using a qualitative structure–activity analysis, a correlation between molar mass and antimicrobial activity was identified, regardless of the substituent group on the phenolic moiety, except for 55 and 63, where electronic effects seem more important. An in silico evaluation of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) for 37, 50, 55 and 63 was made, indicating that the classic Lipinski's rule of five applies in all cases. The development of new antibiotics and inexpensive antifungals is an important field of research. Based on the privileged pharmacophore of lawsone, a series of phenolic ether derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone were synthesized easily in one step in reasonable yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Chaves-Carballo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales and Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Guy V. Lamoureux
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales and Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alice L. Perez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales and Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alexandre Bella Cruz
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), CCS, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), CCS, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
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17
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Rulev AY, Zubkov IN, Ushakov IA, Semenov VA, Vashchenko AV, Maddaluno J. Regioselectivity of the Conjugate Addition of Amines to Dissymmetrical Pull‐Pull Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu. Rulev
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - Ilya N. Zubkov
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - Igor A. Ushakov
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - Valentin A. Semenov
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - Alexander V. Vashchenko
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université UNIROUEN INSA de Rouen CNRS Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) 76000 – Rouen France
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18
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Theoretical Characterization of New Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Responsive Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13101573. [PMID: 34068943 PMCID: PMC8155995 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, responsive materials including dynamic bonds have been widely acclaimed due to their expectation to pilot advanced materials. Within these materials, synthetic polymers have shown to be good candidates. Recently, the so-called frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) have been used to create responsive materials. Concretely, the activation of diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) by a triphenylborane (TPB) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) based FLP has been recently exploited for the production of dynamic cross-links. In this work, we computationally explore the underlying dynamic chemistry in these materials, in order to understand the nature and reversibility of the interaction between the FLP and DEAD. With this goal in mind, we first characterize the acidity and basicity of several TPB and TPP derivatives using different substituents, such as electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. Our results show that strong electron-donating groups increase the acidity of TPB and decrease the basicity of TPP. However, the FLP–DEAD interaction is not mainly dominated by the influence of these substituents in the acidity or basicity of the TPB or TPP systems, but by attractive or repulsive forces between substituents such as hydrogen bonds or steric effects. Based on these results, a new material is proposed based on FLP–DEAD complexes.
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19
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Alenzi RA, El Guesmi N, Shaaban MR, Asghar BH, Farghaly TA. Assessing the nucleophilic character of 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles through coupling with 4,6-dinitrobenzofuroxan: Experimental and theoretical approaches based on structure-reactivity relationships. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Lee B, Yoo J, Kang K. Predicting the chemical reactivity of organic materials using a machine-learning approach. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7813-7822. [PMID: 34094154 PMCID: PMC8163198 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01328e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stability and compatibility between chemical components are essential parameters that need to be considered in the selection of functional materials in configuring a system. In configuring devices such as batteries or solar cells, not only the functionality of individual constituting materials such as electrodes or electrolyte but also an appropriate combination of materials which do not undergo unwanted side reactions is critical in ensuring their reliable performance in long-term operation. While the universal theory that can predict the general chemical reactivity between materials is long awaited and has been the subject of studies with a rich history, traditional ways proposed to date have been mostly based on simple electronic properties of materials such as electronegativity, ionization energy, electron affinity and hardness/softness, and could be applied to only a small group of materials. Moreover, prediction has often been far from accurate and has failed to offer general implications; thus it was practically inadequate as a selection criterion from a large material database, i.e. data-driven material discovery. Herein, we propose a new model for predicting the general reactivity and chemical compatibility among a large number of organic materials, realized by a machine-learning approach. As a showcase, we demonstrate that our new implemented model successfully reproduces previous experimental results reported on side-reactions occurring in lithium–oxygen electrochemical cells. Furthermore, the mapping of chemical stability among more than 90 available electrolyte solvents and the representative redox mediators is realized by this approach, presenting an important guideline in the development of stable electrolyte/redox mediator couples for lithium–oxygen batteries. Stability and compatibility between chemical components are essential parameters that need to be considered in the selection of functional materials in configuring a system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungju Lee
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea .,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Jaekyun Yoo
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
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21
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Liu C, Xiao Z, Wu S, Shen Y, Yuan K, Ding Y. Anodically Triggered Aldehyde Cation Autocatalysis for Alkylation of Heteroarenes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1997-2001. [PMID: 31958207 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkylation of heteroarenes by using aldehydes is a direct approach to increase molecular complexity, which however often involves the use of stochiometric oxidant, strong acid, and high temperature. This study concerns an energy-efficient electrochemical alkylation of heteroarenes by using aldehydes under mild conditions without mediators. Interestingly, the graphite anode can trigger aldehyde cationic species, which act as the effective autocatalysts to react with a range of heteroarenes to produce the corresponding products with excellent regioselectivity and in high yields. Compared to the traditional electro-synthesis approaches, this electro-triggered reaction provides an electricity-saving and eco-friendly route to high-value chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Zihui Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Kedong Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, No. 391 Bin Shui Xi Dao Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
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22
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Bhat AH, Alavi S, Grover HK. Tandem Carbenoid C-H Functionalization/Conia-ene Cyclization of N-Propargyl Indoles Generates Pyrroloindoles under Cooperative Rh(II)/Zn(II) Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:224-229. [PMID: 31854993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of diazodicarbonyl compounds in the presence of various metal catalysts has become a reliable method for the functionalization of indoles via carbenoid intermediates. Exploiting the nucleophilic reactivity of the in situ generated malonic ester product formed, we herein report a tandem C-H functionalization/Conia-ene cyclization of N-alkyne tethered indoles. This double functionalization of diazodicarbonyls generates a range of pyrrolo[1,2-a]-, pyrido[1,2-a]-, and azepino[1,2-a]indole products with good synthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid H Bhat
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Sima Alavi
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Huck K Grover
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
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23
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Coaviche-Yoval A, Andrade-Jorge E, Pérez-González C, Luna H, Tovar-Miranda R, Trujillo-Ferrara JG. Quantum Reality in the Selective Reduction of a Benzofuran System. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24112061. [PMID: 31151186 PMCID: PMC6600454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two 2,3-disubstituted benzofurans (1 and 2), analogs of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), were synthesized to obtain their 2,3-dihydro derivatives from the Pd/C-driven catalytic reduction of the double bond in the furanoid ring. The synthesis produced surprising by-products. Therefore, theoretical calculations of global and local reactivity were performed based on Pearson's hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle to understand the regioselectivity that occurred in the reduction of the olefinic carbons of the compounds. Local electrophilicity (ωk) was the most useful parameter for explaining the selectivity of the polar reactions. This local parameter was defined with the condensed Fukui function and redefined with the electrophilic (Pk+) Parr function. The similar patterns of both resulting sets of values helped to demonstrate the electrophilic behavior (soft acid) of the olefinic carbons in these compounds. The theoretical calculations, nuclear magnetic resonance, and resonance hybrids showed the moieties in each compound that are most susceptible to reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Coaviche-Yoval
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Erik Andrade-Jorge
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Cuauhtémoc Pérez-González
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Héctor Luna
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Tovar-Miranda
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - José G Trujillo-Ferrara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
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24
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Heravi MM, Zadsirjan V, Heydari M, Masoumi B. Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Friedel‐Crafts Reactions: An Update. CHEM REC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceAlzahra University POBox 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran Tel.: +98 21 88044051 fax: +98 21 88041344
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceAlzahra University POBox 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran Tel.: +98 21 88044051 fax: +98 21 88041344
| | - Masumeh Heydari
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceAlzahra University POBox 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran Tel.: +98 21 88044051 fax: +98 21 88041344
| | - Baharak Masoumi
- Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceAlzahra University POBox 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran Tel.: +98 21 88044051 fax: +98 21 88041344
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25
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Liu S, Qi X, Bai R, Lan Y. Theoretical Study of Ni-Catalyzed C–N Radical–Radical Cross-Coupling. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3321-3327. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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26
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Shalit H, Dyadyuk A, Pappo D. Selective Oxidative Phenol Coupling by Iron Catalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1677-1686. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Shalit
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Alina Dyadyuk
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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27
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Kawada Y, Ohmura S, Kobayashi M, Nojo W, Kondo M, Matsuda Y, Matsuoka J, Inuki S, Oishi S, Wang C, Saito T, Uchiyama M, Suzuki T, Ohno H. Direct synthesis of aryl-annulated [ c]carbazoles by gold(i)-catalysed cascade reaction of azide-diynes and arenes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8416-8425. [PMID: 30542591 PMCID: PMC6244455 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03525c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold-catalysed annulation of conjugated alkynes bearing an azido group with arenes gave annulated [c]carbazoles. Using benzene, pyrrole, and indole derivatives as the nucleophiles, benzo[c]-, pyrrolo[2,3-c]-, and indolo[2,3-c]carbazoles were produced, respectively. The reaction proceeded through pyrrole and benzene ring construction accompanied by the formation of two carbon-carbon and one carbon-nitrogen bond and the cleavage of two aromatic C-H bonds. The mechanism of the reaction with pyrrole was investigated by density functional theory calculations. N,N'-dimethylated indolo[2,3-c]carbazole showed dual ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared and fluorescence spectral changes upon electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuiki Kawada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shunsuke Ohmura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Misaki Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Wataru Nojo
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Masaki Kondo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Yuka Matsuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Junpei Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Chao Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
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28
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Patel N, Arfeen M, Sood R, Khullar S, Chakraborti AK, Mandal SK, Bharatam PV. Can Remote N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Coordinate with Main Group Elements? Synthesis, Structure, and Quantum Chemical Analysis of N + -Centered Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:6418-6425. [PMID: 29504658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Remote N-heterocyclic carbenes (rNHCs), such as N-methyl-4-pyridylidene, are known to form coordination complexes with TMs. Herein, it is established that rNHCs can also coordinate to the N+ centre. Synthesis of some novel divalent NI complexes with the general formula (rNHC)→N+ ←(NHC) and (rNHC)→N+ ←(rNHC) was achieved, and X-ray diffraction studies supported the coordination bond character between the rNHCs and the N+ centre. Quantum chemical analysis established the presence of divalent NI character at the central nitrogen in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Patel
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Radhika Sood
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sadhika Khullar
- Department of Chemistry, D.A.V. University, Jalandhar-Pathankot National Highway, Jalandhar, 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay K Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Sector 81, S.A.S., Nagar, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
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29
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La Manna P, Talotta C, Floresta G, De Rosa M, Soriente A, Rescifina A, Gaeta C, Neri P. Mild Friedel-Crafts Reactions inside a Hexameric Resorcinarene Capsule: C−Cl Bond Activation through Hydrogen Bonding to Bridging Water Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino La Manna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università di Catania; Viale A. Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Catania; Viale Andrea Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Margherita De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Annunziata Soriente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Catania; Viale Andrea Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
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30
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La Manna P, Talotta C, Floresta G, De Rosa M, Soriente A, Rescifina A, Gaeta C, Neri P. Mild Friedel-Crafts Reactions inside a Hexameric Resorcinarene Capsule: C−Cl Bond Activation through Hydrogen Bonding to Bridging Water Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino La Manna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università di Catania; Viale A. Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Catania; Viale Andrea Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Margherita De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Annunziata Soriente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Catania; Viale Andrea Doria, 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (Salerno) Italy
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31
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Andorfer MC, Lewis JC. Understanding and Improving the Activity of Flavin-Dependent Halogenases via Random and Targeted Mutagenesis. Annu Rev Biochem 2018; 87:159-185. [PMID: 29589959 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavin-dependent halogenases (FDHs) catalyze the halogenation of organic substrates by coordinating reactions of reduced flavin, molecular oxygen, and chloride. Targeted and random mutagenesis of these enzymes have been used to both understand and alter their reactivity. These studies have led to insights into residues essential for catalysis and FDH variants with improved stability, expanded substrate scope, and altered site selectivity. Mutations throughout FDH structures have contributed to all of these advances. More recent studies have sought to rationalize the impact of these mutations on FDH function and to identify new FDHs to deepen our understanding of this enzyme class and to expand their utility for biocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Andorfer
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
| | - Jared C Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA;
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32
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33
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Shalit H, Libman A, Pappo D. meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin Iron Chloride Catalyzed Selective Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Phenols. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13404-13413. [PMID: 28862442 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel catalytic system for oxidative cross-coupling of readily oxidized phenols with poor nucleophilic phenolic partners based on an iron meso-tetraphenylporphyrin chloride (Fe[TPP]Cl) complex in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol (HFIP) was developed. The unique chemoselectivity of this reaction is attributed to the coupling between a liberated phenoxyl radical with an iron-ligated phenolic coupling partner. The conditions are scalable for preparing a long list of unsymmetrical biphenols assembled from a less reactive phenolic unit substituted with alkyl or halide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Shalit
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Anna Libman
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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34
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Yonekura K, Iketani Y, Sekine M, Tani T, Matsui F, Kamakura D, Tsuchimoto T. Zinc-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Silylation of Indoles. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Yonekura
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Iketani
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Masaru Sekine
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tani
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Fumiya Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Daiki Kamakura
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Tsuchimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
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35
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Eisenhofer A, Hioe J, Gschwind RM, König B. Photocatalytic Phenol-Arene C-C and C-O Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eisenhofer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Johnny Hioe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
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36
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Qi X, Zhu L, Bai R, Lan Y. Stabilization of Two Radicals with One Metal: A Stepwise Coupling Model for Copper-Catalyzed Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43579. [PMID: 28272407 PMCID: PMC5341085 DOI: 10.1038/srep43579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed radical-radical cross-coupling reactions provide innovative methods for C-C and C-heteroatom bond construction. A theoretical study was performed to reveal the mechanism and selectivity of the copper-catalyzed C-N radical-radical cross-coupling reaction. The concerted coupling pathway, in which a C-N bond is formed through the direct nucleophilic addition of a carbon radical to the nitrogen atom of the Cu(II)-N species, is demonstrated to be kinetically unfavorable. The stepwise coupling pathway, which involves the combination of a carbon radical with a Cu(II)-N species before C-N bond formation, is shown to be probable. Both the Mulliken atomic spin density distribution and frontier molecular orbital analysis on the Cu(II)-N intermediate show that the Cu site is more reactive than that of N; thus, the carbon radical preferentially react with the metal center. The chemoselectivity of the cross-coupling is also explained by the differences in electron compatibility of the carbon radical, the nitrogen radical and the Cu(II)-N intermediate. The higher activation free energy for N-N radical-radical homo-coupling is attributed to the mismatch of Cu(II)-N species with the nitrogen radical because the electrophilicity for both is strong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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37
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Andorfer MC, Grob JE, Hajdin CE, Chael JR, Siuti P, Lilly J, Tan KL, Lewis JC. Understanding Flavin-Dependent Halogenase Reactivity via Substrate Activity Profiling. ACS Catal 2017; 7:1897-1904. [PMID: 28989809 PMCID: PMC5627516 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The activity of four native FDHs and four engineered FDH variants on 93 low molecular weight arenes was used to generate FDH substrate activity profiles. These profiles provided insights into how substrate class, functional group substitution, electronic activation, and binding impact FDH activity and selectivity. The enzymes studied could halogenate a far greater range of substrates than previously recognized, but significant differences in their substrate specificity and selectivity were observed. Trends between the electronic activation of each site on a substrate and halogenation conversion at that site were established, and these data, combined with docking simulations, suggest that substrate binding can override electronic activation even on compounds differing appreciably from native substrates. These findings provide a useful framework for understanding and exploiting FDH reactivity for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Andorfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Jonathan E. Grob
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Christine E. Hajdin
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Julia R. Chael
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Piro Siuti
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jeremiah Lilly
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Kian L. Tan
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jared C. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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38
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Frau J, Glossman-Mitnik D. Chemical Reactivity Theory Study of Advanced Glycation Endproduct Inhibitors. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020226. [PMID: 28157169 PMCID: PMC6155735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several compounds with the known ability to perform as inhibitors of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) have been studied with Density Functional Theory (DFT) through the use of a number of density functionals whose accuracy has been tested across a broad spectrum of databases in Chemistry and Physics. The chemical reactivity descriptors for these systems have been calculated through Conceptual DFT in an attempt to relate their intrinsic chemical reactivity with the ability to inhibit the action of glycating carbonyl compounds on amino acids and proteins. This knowledge could be useful in the design and development of new drugs which can be potential medicines for diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Chihuahua, Chih 31136, Mexico.
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39
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Tharra P, Baire B. A coherent study on the Z-enoate assisted Meyer–Schuster rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01221g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The impact of temperature, solvent, concentration of the counter ion and the nature of the arene nucleophile on the Z-enoate assisted Meyer–Schuster rearrangement of propargylic alcohols was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai-600036
- India
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40
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41
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Williams CW, Shenje R, France S. Catalytic, Interrupted Formal Homo-Nazarov Cyclization with (Hetero)arenes: Access to α-(Hetero)aryl Cyclohexanones. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8253-67. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corey W. Williams
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Raynold Shenje
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Petit
Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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42
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43
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Pratihar S. Triggering the approach of an arene or heteroarene towards an aldehyde via Lewis acid-aldehyde communication. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2854-65. [PMID: 26864596 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports a combined experimental/computational study of the Lewis acid promoted hydroxyalkylation reaction involving aldehyde and arene/heteroarene and reveals a mechanism in which the rate determining aldehyde to alcohol formation via a four-member cyclic transition state (TS) involves a transfer of hydrogen from arene/heteroarene C-H to aldehyde oxygen with the breaking of the C-H bond and formation of C-C and O-H bonds. The effect of different Sn(iv) derivatives on the hydroxyalkylation reaction from different in situ NMR and computational studies reveals that although the exergonic formation of the intermediate and its gained electrophilicity at the carbonyl carbon drive the reaction in SnCl4 compared to other Sn(iv) derivatives, the overall reaction is low yielding because of its stable intermediate. With respect to different aldehydes, LA promoted hydroxylation was found to be more feasible for an electron withdrawing aldehyde compared to electron rich aldehyde because of lower stability, enhanced electrophilicity gained at the aldehyde center, and a lower activation barrier between its intermediate and TS in the former as compared to the latter. The relative stability of the LA-aldehyde adduct decreases in the order SnCl4 > AlCl3 > InCl3 > BF3 > ZnCl2 > TiCl4 > SiCl4, while the activation barrier (ΔG(#)) between intermediate and transition states increases in the order AlCl3 < SnCl4 < InCl3 < BF3 < TiCl4 < ZnCl2 < SiCl4. On the other hand, the activation barriers in the case of different arenes/heteroarenes are in the order of indole < furan < anisole < thiophene < toluene < benzene < chlorobenzene < cyanobenzene, which suggests a facile reaction in the case of indole and the most difficult reaction in the case of cyanobenzene. The ease of formation of the corresponding diaryl methyl carbocation from the alcohol-LA intermediate is responsible for the determination of the undesired product and is found to be more viable in the case of strong LAs like AlCl3, InCl3 and SnCl4 because they have negative free energy of formation (ΔG) for alcohol to the corresponding diaryl methyl carbocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Pratihar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam-784028, India.
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44
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Domingo LR, Ríos-Gutiérrez M, Pérez P. Applications of the Conceptual Density Functional Theory Indices to Organic Chemistry Reactivity. Molecules 2016; 21:E748. [PMID: 27294896 PMCID: PMC6273244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 590] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical reactivity indices based on the conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT) have become a powerful tool for the semiquantitative study of organic reactivity. A large number of reactivity indices have been proposed in the literature. Herein, global quantities like the electronic chemical potential μ, the electrophilicity ω and the nucleophilicity N indices, and local condensed indices like the electrophilic P k + and nucleophilic P k - Parr functions, as the most relevant indices for the study of organic reactivity, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Domingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 498, 8370146 Santiago, Chile.
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45
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Matsumoto K, Yoshida M, Shindo M. Heterogeneous Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling: Nonsymmetrical Biaryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5272-6. [PMID: 26996772 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The first heterogeneously catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenative cross-coupling of aryl amines is reported herein. 2-Naphthylamine analogues were reacted with various electron-rich arenes using a heterogeneous Rh/C catalyst under mild aerobic conditions, thus affording nonsymmetrical biaryl amines in excellent yields with high selectivities. This reaction provides a mild, operationally simple, and efficient approach for the synthesis of biaryls which are important to pharmaceutical and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan.
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46
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Matsumoto K, Yoshida M, Shindo M. Heterogeneous Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling: Nonsymmetrical Biaryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho Tokushima 770-8514 Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho Tokushima 770-8514 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 6-1, Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
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47
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DEKA KAUSTAVMONI, PHUKAN PRODEEP. DFT analysis of the nucleophilicity of substituted pyridines and prediction of new molecules having nucleophilic character stronger than 4-pyrrolidino pyridine. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-016-1057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Libman A, Shalit H, Vainer Y, Narute S, Kozuch S, Pappo D. Synthetic and Predictive Approach to Unsymmetrical Biphenols by Iron-Catalyzed Chelated Radical–Anion Oxidative Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11453-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Libman
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Hadas Shalit
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yulia Vainer
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sachin Narute
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sebastian Kozuch
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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49
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Boiaryna L, Azizi MS, El Bouakher A, Picard B, Taillier C, Othman M, Trabelsi-Ayadi M, Dalla V. Sequential Friedel–Crafts-Type α-Amidoalkylation/Intramolecular Hydroarylation: Distinct Advantage of Combined Tf2NH/Cationic LAu(I) as a Consecutive or Binary Bicatalytic System. Org Lett 2015; 17:2130-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Boiaryna
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Salah Azizi
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
- Laboratoire
d’Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles
et à l’Environnement-LACReSNE-Faculté des Sciences
de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisie
| | - Abderrahman El Bouakher
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
| | - Baptiste Picard
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Taillier
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Othman
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
| | - Malika Trabelsi-Ayadi
- Laboratoire
d’Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles
et à l’Environnement-LACReSNE-Faculté des Sciences
de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisie
| | - Vincent Dalla
- Unité
de Recherche en Chimie Organique et Macromoléculaire (URCOM, EA 3221, FR CNRS 3038), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, l’Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, Le Havre 76058 Cedex, France
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50
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Wu K, Zhuo MH, Sha D, Fan YS, An D, Jiang YJ, Zhang S. H8-BINOL chiral imidodiphosphoric acid catalyzed highly enantioselective aza-Friedel–Crafts reactions of pyrroles and enamides/imines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8054-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00685f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
H8-BINOL-type imidodiphosphoric acid (0.3–2 mol%) catalyzed highly enantioselective aza-Friedel–Crafts reactions of pyrroles and enamides/imines have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Zhuo
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Di Sha
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Sen Fan
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Dong An
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Jiang
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Suoqin Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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