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Takimiya K, Bulgarevich K, Kawabata K. Crystal-Structure Control of Molecular Semiconductors by Methylthiolation: Toward Ultrahigh Mobility. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:884-894. [PMID: 38428923 PMCID: PMC10956433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe crystal structure of organic semiconductors has been regarded as one of the crucial factors for realizing high-performance electronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors. However, although the control of crystal structures of organic semiconductors has been examined in the last two decades of intensive efforts of the development of organic semiconductors, active measures to control crystal structures enabling high carrier mobility are still limited. In 2016, our research group noticed that regioselective methylthiolation could provide a selective crystal structure change from an ordinary herringbone structure to a pitched π-stacking structure, similar to the crystal structure of rubrene, in the benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) system. Following this serendipitous finding, our group systematically investigated the relationship between the molecular and crystal structures of a range of methylthiolated aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds.This Account provides a comprehensive overview of our research efforts and advancements in the development of methylthiolated small-molecule-based organic semiconductors (molecular semiconductors). We first describe the outline of the past development of molecular semiconductors, focusing on the types of crystal structures of high-performance molecular semiconductors. Then, we describe our findings on the drastic crystal structure change in the BDT system upon methylthiolation, detailing the causes of the change in terms of the intermolecular contacts and intermolecular interaction energies. This is followed by the confirmation of the generality of the crystal-structure change by methylthiolation of a series of acene and heteroacenes, where the herringbone structure in the parent system is unexceptionally transformed into the pitched π-stacking structure, a promising crystal structure for high-mobility molecular semiconductors well exemplified by the prototypical molecular semiconductor, rubrene. In fact, the methylthiolated anthradithiophene afforded comparable high mobility to rubrene in single-crystal field-effect transistors. Then, we demonstrate that the sandwich herringbone structures of peri-condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including pyrene, perylene, and peropyrene, change into brickwork crystal structures upon methylthiolation and that, among these compounds, very promising molecular semiconductors, methylthiolated pyrene and peropyrene, showing ultrahigh mobility of 30 cm2 V s-1, are realized.Through the studies, by gaining insights into the underlying mechanisms driving the crystal structure changes, we lay a strong foundation for tackling challenges related to controlling the crystal structures and developing high-performance molecular semiconductors. This will be a distinct approach from the past activities in the development of molecular semiconductors that mainly focused on molecules themselves, including their synthesis, properties, and characterization. We thus anticipate that our findings and the present Account will open the door to a new era of the development of molecular semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takimiya
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
- RIKEN
Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tohoku
University Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Kirill Bulgarevich
- RIKEN
Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawabata
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
- RIKEN
Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Lazaar K, Gueddida S, Said M, Lebègue S. Tuning the electronic and optical properties of small organic acenedithiophene molecular crystals for photovoltaic applications: First principles calculations. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:194304. [PMID: 37971037 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodic density functional theory was employed to investigate the impact of chemical modifications on the properties of π-conjugated acenedithiophene molecular crystals. Here, we highlight the importance of the β-methylthionation effect, the position of the sulfur atoms of the thiacycle group and their size, and the number of central benzene rings in the chemical modification strategy. Our results show that the introduction of the methylthio groups at the β-positions of the thiophene and the additional benzene ring at the center of the BDT crystal structure are a promising strategy to improve the performance of organic semiconductors, as observed experimentally. We found that β-MT-ADT exhibits large charge carrier mobility, which is in good agreement with the experimental results and comparable to that of rubrene. In addition, the electronic and optical properties of these ambipolar materials suggest promising performances with β-MT-ADT > ADT >β-MT-NDT > NDT > BEDT-BDT >β-MT-BDT > BDT. Moreover, functionalization with thiacycle-fused sulfur atoms of different sizes and numbers improve the properties of BDT but is still less efficient than the methylthionation effect. Overall, our findings suggest a promising molecular modification strategy for possibly high performance ambipolar organic semiconducting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koussai Lazaar
- Laboratoire des Nanomatériaux et Systèmes pour les Énergies Renouvelables (LaNSER), Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l'Energie, Technopole Borj-Cedria, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Saber Gueddida
- Univ. Lorraine, LPCT, CNRS UMR7019, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Moncef Said
- Université de Monastir, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Laboratoire de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (LMCN), LR11ES40, Avenue de l'Environnement, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sébastien Lebègue
- Univ. Lorraine, LPCT, CNRS UMR7019, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
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3
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Zhou Y, Zhang K, Chen Z, Zhang H. Molecular Design Concept for Enhancement Charge Carrier Mobility in OFETs: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6645. [PMID: 37895626 PMCID: PMC10607980 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have garnered increasing attention from the scientific and industrial communities. The performance of OFETs can be evaluated based on three factors: the charge transport mobility (μ), threshold voltage (Vth), and current on/off ratio (Ion/off). To enhance μ, numerous studies have concentrated on optimizing charge transport within the semiconductor layer. These efforts include: (i) extending π-conjugation, enhancing molecular planarity, and optimizing donor-acceptor structures to improve charge transport within individual molecules; and (ii) promoting strong aggregation, achieving well-ordered structures, and reducing molecular distances to enhance charge transport between molecules. In order to obtain a high charge transport mobility, the charge injection from the electrodes into the semiconductor layer is also important. Since a suitable frontier molecular orbitals' level could align with the work function of the electrodes, in turn forming an Ohmic contact at the interface. OFETs are classified into p-type (hole transport), n-type (electron transport), and ambipolar-type (both hole and electron transport) based on their charge transport characteristics. As of now, the majority of reported conjugated materials are of the p-type semiconductor category, with research on n-type or ambipolar conjugated materials lagging significantly behind. This review introduces the molecular design concept for enhancing charge carrier mobility, addressing both within the semiconductor layer and charge injection aspects. Additionally, the process of designing or converting the semiconductor type is summarized. Lastly, this review discusses potential trends in evolution and challenges and provides an outlook; the ultimate objective is to outline a theoretical framework for designing high-performance organic semiconductors that can advance the development of OFET applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haichang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, Shandong Province (QUST), School of Polymer Science & Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53-Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.)
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4
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Bugaenko DI, Volkov AA, Karchava AV. A Thiol-Free Route to Alkyl Aryl Thioethers. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9968-9972. [PMID: 37432044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Most existing methods for the synthesis of alkyl aryl thioethers require the use of mercaptans as the starting materials, which comes with practical limitations. Reactions of diaryliodonium salts with xanthate salts, easily prepared from the corresponding alcohols and CS2, under the developed conditions represent an operationally simple, thiol-free method for the synthesis of these valuable compounds. The protocol features high functional group tolerance and can be applied to the late-stage C-H functionalization and for the introduction of a CD3S group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I Bugaenko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey A Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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5
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Liang X, Wen K, Shi Q, Zhang B, Pei S, Lin Q, Ma B, Wang S, Zhang M, Li X, Wang Z, Huang H. The Aryl Sulfide Synthesis via Sulfide Transfer. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200869. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery & Health Science Center Shenzhen Second People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518035 P. R. China
| | - Qinqin Shi
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Bei‐Bei Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shurui Pei
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qijie Lin
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Bowei Ma
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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6
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Arakawa Y, Ishida Y, Shiba T, Igawa K, Sasaki S, Tsuji H. Effects of alkylthio groups on phase transitions of organic molecules and liquid crystals: a comparative study with alkyl and alkoxy groups. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the alkylthio groups on the phase transition behavior of organic liquid crystal molecules were examined by comparing them with the effects of alkyl and alkoxy groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Takuma Shiba
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sasaki
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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7
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Synthesis and characterization of alkylthio-attached azobenzene-based liquid crystal polymers: Roles of the alkylthio bond and polymer chain in phase behavior and liquid crystal formation. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Wang C, Hashizume D, Nakano M, Ogaki T, Takenaka H, Kawabata K, Takimiya K. "Disrupt and induce" intermolecular interactions to rationally design organic semiconductor crystals: from herringbone to rubrene-like pitched π-stacking. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1573-1580. [PMID: 34084388 PMCID: PMC8148081 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05902d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The packing structures of organic semiconductors in the solid state play critical roles in determining the performances of their optoelectronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). It is a formidable challenge to rationally design molecular packing in the solid state owing to the difficulty of controlling intermolecular interactions. Here we report a unique materials design strategy based on the β-methylthionation of acenedithiophenes to generally and selectively control the packing structures of materials to create organic semiconductors rivalling rubrene, a benchmark high-mobility material with a characteristic pitched π-stacking structure in the solid state. Furthermore, the effect of the β-methylthionation on the packing structure was analyzed by Hirshfeld surface analysis together with theoretical calculations based on symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). The results clearly demonstrated that the β-methylthionation of acenedithiophenes can universally alter the intermolecular interactions by disrupting the favorable edge-to-face manner in the parent acenedithiophenes and simultaneously inducing face-to-face and end-to-face interactions in the β-methylthionated acenedithiophenes. This “disrupt and induce” strategy to manipulate intermolecular interactions can open a door to rational packing design based on the molecular structure. The rational design of organic semiconductor crystals is realized by β-methylthionation of acenedithiophenes through manipulating intermolecular interactions in a “disrupt and induce” manner.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakano
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takenaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawabata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan .,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
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9
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Bałczewski P, Kowalska E, Różycka‐Sokołowska E, Skalik J, Owsianik K, Koprowski M, Marciniak B, Guziejewski D, Ciesielski W. Mono‐Aryl/Alkylthio‐Substituted (Hetero)acenes of Exceptional Thermal and Photochemical Stability by the Thio‐Friedel–Crafts/Bradsher Cyclization Reaction. Chemistry 2019; 25:14148-14161. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bałczewski
- Division of Organic ChemistryGroup of Functional Materials SynthesisCentre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Health and Food SciencesDepartment of Materials & Structural ChemistryJan Długosz University in Częstochowa Armii Krajowej 13/15 42-201 Częstochowa Poland
| | - Emilia Kowalska
- Division of Organic ChemistryGroup of Functional Materials SynthesisCentre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Ewa Różycka‐Sokołowska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Health and Food SciencesDepartment of Materials & Structural ChemistryJan Długosz University in Częstochowa Armii Krajowej 13/15 42-201 Częstochowa Poland
| | - Joanna Skalik
- Division of Organic ChemistryGroup of Functional Materials SynthesisCentre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Krzysztof Owsianik
- Division of Organic ChemistryGroup of Functional Materials SynthesisCentre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Marek Koprowski
- Division of Organic ChemistryGroup of Functional Materials SynthesisCentre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Bernard Marciniak
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Health and Food SciencesDepartment of Materials & Structural ChemistryJan Długosz University in Częstochowa Armii Krajowej 13/15 42-201 Częstochowa Poland
| | - Dariusz Guziejewski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Łódź Pomorska 163 90-236 Łódź Poland
| | - Witold Ciesielski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Łódź Pomorska 163 90-236 Łódź Poland
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Li B, Peng W, Luo S, Jiang C, Guo J, Xie S, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Zeng Z. Diagonally π-Extended Perylene-Based Bis(heteroacene) for Chiroptical Activity and Integrating Luminescence with Carrier-Transporting Capability. Org Lett 2019; 21:1417-1421. [PMID: 30762373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a novel bis(heteroacene), in which four benzothiophene units diagonally fused to a twisted perylene and spatially arranged in a double helical-like structure. The described compound yielded chiroptically active atropisomers with a perfect CD response and furthermore circularly polarized luminescence with a glum of ∼1.09 × 10-3. The racemate showed strong photoluminescence both in solution (Φ f = 68%) and at the solid state (Φ f = 57%) and, meanwhile, possessed the charge-carrier transport property with a hole mobility (μh) up to 0.02 cm2 V-1 s-1 by the thin-film based OFET measurements. The integrated optoelectronic features are primarily associated with the specifically finetuned perylene-based π-extended structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Wangwang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , P. R. China
| | - Chuanling Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy , Clinic Medical College of Anhui Medical University , Hefei 230012 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Sheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
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11
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Zhang C, Zhou Y, Huang J, Tu C, Zhou X, Yin G. Cesium carbonate-promoted synthesis of aryl methyl sulfides using S-methylisothiourea sulfate under transition-metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6316-6321. [PMID: 30128466 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01758a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of cesium carbonate, an efficient synthesis of aryl methyl sulfides by the reactions of aryl halides with commercially available S-methylisothiourea sulfate is developed. This odourless and highly crystalline solid can be used as the substitute for malodorous methanethiol. The gram-scale reaction also proceeds smoothly without the use of column chromatography separation. Similarly, 2-(dimethylamino)ethylthio and cyclopropylmethylthio groups can be easily introduced into the aromatic rings from the corresponding S-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]isothiourea dihydrochloride and S-cyclopropylmethylisothiourea hydrobromide. The possible reaction mechanism is proposed. It is believed that this route to aryl alkyl sulfides is well competitive with currently known methods due to its wide substrate scope, excellent yields, easy operation and transition-metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyang Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reuse Technology, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Fukazawa A, Toda Y, Hayakawa M, Sekioka A, Ishii H, Okamoto T, Takeya J, Hijikata Y, Yamaguchi S. End-Capping π-Conjugated Systems with Medium-Sized Sulfur-Containing Rings: A Route Towards Solution-Processable Air-Stable Semiconductors. Chemistry 2018; 24:11503-11510. [PMID: 29846021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The sulfur-containing nine-membered heterocycle thiacyclononene (TN) was evaluated as a new type of end-capping group for π-conjugated systems. A systematic study on TN-capped α-oligothiophenes (TNnTs; n=4-7) revealed that the capping with TN, which adopts a bent conformation, imparts the resulting oligothiophenes with drastically increased solubility at approximately 140 °C and high electrochemical stability, whereas the electronic structure remains virtually unperturbed. The even-numbered oligothiophenes TN4T and TN6T form characteristic offset herringbone-type packing structures on account of the steric repulsion between the TN rings and the presence of intermolecular nonbonding S⋅⋅⋅S interactions. This packing mode in combination with the high solubility enabled the solution-process fabrication of field-effect transistors based on TN6T, which exhibited a high performance without degradation even upon exposure to air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Fukazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Anna Sekioka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Division of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
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13
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A Four-Step Synthesis of Substituted 5,11-Dicyano-6,12-diaryltetracenes with Enhanced Stability and High Fluorescence Emission. Chemistry 2017; 24:159-168. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Hegguilustoy CM, Montani RS, Del Rosso PG, Romagnoli MJ, Garay RO. Highly luminescent anthracene sulfides. Synthesis, experimental and DFT study of their optical properties and interaction with electron deficient nitroaromatic compounds. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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15
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Synthesis, crystal structure, and FET characteristics of thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-based bent-thienoacenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Tsuzuki S, Orita H, Sato N. Intermolecular interactions of oligothienoacenes: Do S⋯S interactions positively contribute to crystal structures of sulfur-containing aromatic molecules? J Chem Phys 2017; 145:174503. [PMID: 27825221 DOI: 10.1063/1.4966580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions in the crystals of tetra- and penta-thienoacene were studied using ab initio molecular orbital calculations for evaluating the magnitude of characteristic S⋯S interactions with great attention paid to their origin. The interactions between the π-stacked neighboring molecules are significantly greater than those between the neighboring molecules exhibiting the S⋯S contact, although it has sometimes been claimed that the S⋯S interactions play important roles in adjusting the molecular arrangement of sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic molecules in the crystals owing to short S⋯S contacts. The coupled cluster calculations with single and double substitutions with noniterative triple excitation interaction energies at the basis set limit estimated for the π-stacked and S⋯S contacted neighboring molecules in the tetrathienoacene crystal are -11.17 and -4.27 kcal/mol, respectively. Those for π-stacked molecules in the pentathienoacene crystal is -14.38 kcal/mol, while those for S⋯S contacted molecules are -7.02 and -6.74 kcal/mol. The dispersion interaction is the major source of the attraction between the π-stacked and S⋯S contacted molecules, while the orbital-orbital interactions are repulsive: The orbital-orbital interactions, which are significant for charge carrier transport properties, are not much more than the results of the short S⋯S contact caused by the strong dispersion interactions. Besides, the intermolecular interaction energy calculated for a trithienoacene dimer has strong orientation dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hideo Orita
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (RISC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Naoki Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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17
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Kirres J, Schmitt K, Wurzbach I, Giesselmann F, Ludwigs S, Ringenberg M, Ruff A, Baro A, Laschat S. Tuning liquid crystalline phase behaviour in columnar crown ethers by sulfur substituents. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00077d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing side chains in the periphery ofo-terphenyl or triphenylene units of crown ethers induce room-temperature columnar mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Katharina Schmitt
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- Institut für Polymerchemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Mark Ringenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Adrian Ruff
- Institut für Polymerchemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Analytische Chemie – Elektroanalytik & Sensorik
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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18
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Sun T, Shen L, Liu H, Sun X, Li X. Synthesis and photophysical properties of a single bond linked tetracene dimer. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Gong P, Li L, Sun J, Xue P, Lu R. Synthesis of π-extended N-fused heteroacenes via regioselective Cadogan reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Yassar A. Recent trends in crystal engineering of high-mobility materials for organic electronics. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238214010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Liu H, Shen L, Cao Z, Li X. Covalently linked perylenetetracarboxylic diimide dimers and trimers with rigid “J-type” aggregation structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16399-406. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Kim S, Park JK, Park YD. Charge transport behaviors of end-capped narrow band gap polymers in bottom-contact organic field-effect transistors. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ends of conjugated polymer chains were capped with thiophene units to enhance intermolecular packing and decrease device hysteresis by removing charge trap sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinae Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kuen Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
- Yongin 449-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
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23
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Watanabe M, Chao TH, Chien CT, Liu SW, Chang YJ, Chen KY, Chow TJ. 2-Halo-subsituted tetracenes: their generation and single crystal OFET characteristics. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Yamamoto K, Katagiri H, Tairabune H, Yamaguchi Y, Pu YJ, Nakayama KI, Ohba Y. Synthesis and properties of naphthobisbenzo[b]thiophenes: structural curvature of higher acene frameworks for solubility enhancement and high-order orientation in crystalline states. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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Hinoue T, Shigenoi Y, Sugino M, Mizobe Y, Hisaki I, Miyata M, Tohnai N. Regulation of π-Stacked Anthracene Arrangement for Fluorescence Modulation of Organic Solid from Monomer to Excited Oligomer Emission. Chemistry 2012; 18:4634-43. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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