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Chavada LR, Mishra P, Pandey AK. Nickel-Catalyzed Alkene Isomerization to Access Bench-Stable Enamines and Their [3 + 2] Annulation. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38912727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Enamines are difficult to prepare on the bench due to their instability, which results in side reactions, decompositions, poor yields, etc. Herein, we developed a simple and effective method for making bench-stable enamines using a very low amount of nickel catalyst loading. The deuterium exchange, competitive reaction, and radical clock experiment have all been found to favor the ionic mechanism of this alkene isomerization. Scale-up and [3 + 2] annulation reaction of enamines with activated cyclopropane to deliver cyclopentane derivatives have shown the value of this method in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilesh Rambhai Chavada
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priyanka Mishra
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pandey
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Zhang WW, Li BJ. Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of β,β-Disubstituted Enamides to Construct α-Aminosilanes with Vicinal Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214534. [PMID: 36344453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the area of catalytic alkene hydrosilylation, the enantioselective hydrosilylation of alkenes bearing a heteroatom substituent is scarce. Here we report a rhodium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of β,β-disubstituted enamides to directly afford valuable α-aminosilanes in a highly regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective manner. Stereodivergent synthesis could be achieved by regulating substrate geometry and ligand configuration to generate all the possible stereoisomers in high enantio-purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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3
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212117. [PMID: 36250954 PMCID: PMC9643676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two catalytic systems have been developed for the arylboration of endocyclic enecarbamates to deliver synthetically versatile borylated saturated N-heterocycles in good regio- and diastereoselectivities. A Cu/Pd dual catalytic reaction enables the synthesis of borylated, α-arylated azetidines, while a Ni-catalysed arylboration reaction efficiently functionalizes 5-, 6-, and 7-membered enecarbamates. In the case of the Cu/Pd-system, a remarkable additive effect was identified that allowed for broader scope. The products are synthetically useful, as demonstrated by manipulations of the boronic ester to access biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
| | | | | | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd.Chervonotkatska 6002094KyivUkraine,Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivChemistry DepartmentVolodymyrska 6401601KyivUkraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
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4
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N‐Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | | | - Dmytro Vasko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Chemistry Department Volodymyrska 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
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5
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Trammel GL, Kuniyil R, Crook PF, Liu P, Brown MK. Nickel-Catalyzed Dearomative Arylboration of Indoles: Regioselective Synthesis of C2- and C3-Borylated Indolines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16502-16511. [PMID: 34582691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Indole dearomatization is an important strategy to access indolines: a motif present in a variety of natural products and biologically active molecules. Herein, a method for transition-metal catalyzed regioselective dearomative arylboration of indoles to generate diverse indolines is presented. The method accomplishes intermolecular dearomatization of simple indoles through a migratory insertion pathway on substrates that lack activating or directing groups on the C2- or C3-positions. Synthetically useful C2- and C3-borylated indolines can be accessed through a simple change in N-protecting group in high regio- and diastereoselectivities (up to >40:1 rr and >40:1 dr) from readily available starting materials. Additionally, the origin of regioselectivity was explored experimentally and computationally to uncover the remarkable interplay between carbonyl orientation of the N-protecting group on indole, electronics of the C2-C3 π-bond, and sterics. The method enabled the first enantioselective synthesis of (-)-azamedicarpin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Trammel
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Phillip F Crook
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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6
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Ricard S, Gagnon A, Daoust B. Copper-Catalyzed β-Iodovinylation of Carbamates: Expedient Access to Highly Functionalized Vinyl-Carbamates. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ricard
- Département de Chimie; Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal; Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
- Département de Chimie; Biochimie et Physique; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières; Québec G9 A 5H7 Canada
| | - Alexandre Gagnon
- Département de Chimie; Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal; Québec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Benoit Daoust
- Département de Chimie; Biochimie et Physique; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières; Québec G9 A 5H7 Canada
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7
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Kondo H, Itami K, Yamaguchi J. Rh-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrosilylation of acyl aminocyclopropanes controlled by monophosphine ligands. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3799-3803. [PMID: 28580112 PMCID: PMC5436550 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00071e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A Rh-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrosilylation of acyl aminocyclopropanes has been developed. Acyl aminocyclopropanes were reacted with hydrosilanes in the presence of Rh catalysts to afford ring-opened hydrosilylated adducts through carbon-carbon (C-C) bond cleavage of the cyclopropane ring. The regioselectivity of the addition of silanes (linear or branched) can be switched by changing the monophosphine ligand. This C-C bond cleavage/hydrosilylation methodology is applicable to the synthesis of silanediol precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kondo
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) , Nagoya University , Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) , Nagoya University , Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
- JST , ERATO , Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project , Nagoya University , Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan .
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8
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Trost BM, Cregg JJ, Quach N. Isomerization of N-Allyl Amides To Form Geometrically Defined Di-, Tri-, and Tetrasubstituted Enamides. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5133-5139. [PMID: 28252296 PMCID: PMC5726938 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Enamides represent bioactive pharmacophores in various natural products, and have become increasingly common reagents for asymmetric incorporation of nitrogen functionality. Yet the synthesis of the requisite geometrically defined enamides remains problematic, especially for highly substituted and Z-enamides. Herein we wish to report a general atom economic method for the isomerization of a broad range of N-allyl amides to form Z-di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted enamides with exceptional geometric selectivity. This report represents the first examples of a catalytic isomerization of N-allyl amides to form nonpropenyl disubstituted, tri- and tetrasubstituted enamides with excellent geometric control. Applications of these geometrically defined enamides toward the synthesis of cis vicinal amino alcohols and tetrasubstituted α-borylamido complexes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305-5080, United States
| | - James J. Cregg
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305-5080, United States
| | - Nicolas Quach
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305-5080, United States
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9
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Fanelli R, Salah KBH, Inguimbert N, Didierjean C, Martinez J, Cavelier F. Access to α,α-Disubstituted Disilylated Amino Acids and Their Use in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2015; 17:4498-501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fanelli
- Institut
des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR-5247, CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier34095 Cedex 5, France
| | - Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CRIOBE USR
3278, 58 avenue P. Alduy Bât T, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Nicolas Inguimbert
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CRIOBE USR
3278, 58 avenue P. Alduy Bât T, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Claude Didierjean
- CRM2
(UMR UL-CNRS 7036) Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut
des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR-5247, CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier34095 Cedex 5, France
| | - Florine Cavelier
- Institut
des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR-5247, CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier34095 Cedex 5, France
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10
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Wefer J, Lindel T. Total Synthesis of the Marine Natural Product Parazoanthine F by Copper-Mediated C-N Coupling. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Gigant N, Chausset-Boissarie L, Gillaizeau I. Direct metal-catalyzed regioselective functionalization of enamides. Chemistry 2014; 20:7548-64. [PMID: 24862089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Enamides are stable enamine surrogates and provide key intermediates for the synthesis of small but complex nitrogen-containing compounds. Metal-catalyzed regioselective functionalization of enamides provides a rapid method to synthesize useful nitrogen containing heterocycles. This review discloses the recent progress made in the development of the C-H functionalization of enamides involving efficient and atom-economical routes. Syntheses of different heterocycles are classified based on the site reactivity of enamides and key mechanistic insights are given for each transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gigant
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR 7311, CNRS, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans cedex 2 (France), Fax: (+33) 2-38-41-72-81
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12
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Kondo Y, Sasaki M, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K, Takeda K. Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Silylamines by Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley-Type Reduction of α-Silylimines by a Chiral Lithium Amide. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3601-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kondo
- Department
of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health
Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Michiko Sasaki
- Department
of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health
Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawahata
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kei Takeda
- Department
of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health
Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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13
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Auvil TJ, Schafer AG, Mattson AE. Design Strategies for Enhanced Hydrogen-Bond Donor Catalysts. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Zeng X. Recent Advances in Catalytic Sequential Reactions Involving Hydroelement Addition to Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds. Chem Rev 2013; 113:6864-900. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400082n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zeng
- Center for
Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of
Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
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15
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Min GK, Hernández D, Skrydstrup T. Efficient routes to carbon-silicon bond formation for the synthesis of silicon-containing peptides and azasilaheterocycles. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:457-70. [PMID: 23214467 DOI: 10.1021/ar300200h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silasubstitution, where silicon is substituted for carbon at specific sites of the substrate, has become a growing practice in medicinal chemistry. Introducing silicon into bioactive compounds provides slight physical and electronic alterations to the parent compound, which in certain instances could make the substrate a more viable candidate for a drug target. One application is in the field of protease inhibition. Various silane diol isosteres can act as potent inhibitors of aspartic and metalloproteases because of their ability to mimic the high-energy tetrahedral intermediate in peptide bond hydrolysis. In particular, since 1998, the Sieburth group has prepared a number of functionalized peptide silane diol isosteres. In a seminal study, they demonstrated that these molecules can bind to the active site of the enzymes. Inspired by these results, we initiated a study to develop a concise and straightforward route to access highly functionalized silicon diol based peptidomimetic analogs, which we describe in this Account. The synthesis of such analogs is challenging because the dipeptide mimics require the formation of two carbon-silicon bonds as well as two chiral carbon centers. Our first strategy was to assemble the two C-Si bonds from diphenylsilane through an initial regioselective hydrosilylation step of a terminal alkene, followed by lithiation of the formed alkyldiphenylsilane by a simple lithium metal reduction. Subsequent diastereoselective addition of this silyllithium species to a tert-butylsulfinimine provided a rapid method to assemble the dipeptide mimic with stereochemical control at the new chiral carbon center adjacent to the silicon. This strategy worked with a wide range of functional groups. However, there were some limitations with the more elaborate targets. In particular, we needed to exchange the phenyl groups of the diphenylsilane with aryl groups that were more labile under acidic conditions in order to introduce Si-O bonds in the end product. We demonstrated that a variety of Ar(2)SiH(2) compounds with methyl substituents on the aromatic core could effectively undergo hydrosilylation and reductive lithiation with a soluble reducing agent, lithium naphthalenide. The electron-rich aromatic groups were more acid labile and, depending on the conditions, could produce either the silane diol or the silanol. In an alternative strategy, we used a highly regioselective Rh-catalyzed sequential double hydrosilylation to form the two C-Si bonds with a single catalyst. This approach is a more efficient, atom economical way to synthesize a wider range of highly functionalized organosilanes with the added possibility of extending this method into an asymmetric protocol. By this method, various functional groups that were not previously tolerated in the lithiation protocol, including OBn, OAc, furyl, and thiophenes, could now be incorporated. Hydrosilylation of a terminal olefin and a peptide functionalized with an enamide at the C-terminus achieved the desired silane in high yields in a one pot reaction without compromising the stereochemical integrity of the peptide. As an extension of this work, we used these methods to efficiently generate a variety of chiral azasilaheterocycles, including silapiperidines and silaindolizidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geanna K. Min
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Dácil Hernández
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures, Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California, United States
| | - Sean O. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California, United States
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