1
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Ramos-Enríquez MA, Vazquez-Chavez J, Campos-Xolalpa N, Pérez-Gutiérrez S, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Synthesis, NMR characterization and cytotoxic activity of hybrid spirostanic sapogenins-estradiol dimers. Steroids 2023; 199:109286. [PMID: 37517593 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Four hybrid steroid dimers were obtained by BF3·Et2O-catalyzed aldol condensation of acetylated steroid sapogenins with 2-formyl-estradiol diacetate. The structures of the obtained dimers were unambiguously established by NMR. The hybrid dimers 9a (IC50 18.37 μM) and 9c (IC50 9.4 μM) with the 5α configuration at the A/B rings junction showed the higher cytotoxicity against HeLa, with selectivity index of 4.36 and 11.8 respectively. The presence of a carbonyl function at position C-12 produced the highest cytotoxic effect, which is in line with our previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Ramos-Enríquez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Josué Vazquez-Chavez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nimsi Campos-Xolalpa
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coyoacán, 04960 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Salud Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coyoacán, 04960 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martín A Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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2
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Tomkiel AM, Majewski AD, Siergiejczyk L, Morzycki JW. Montmorillonite Catalyzed Synthesis of Novel Steroid Dimers. Molecules 2023; 28:7068. [PMID: 37894547 PMCID: PMC10609449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactions of sterols (androst-5-en-3β-ol-17-one, diosgenin, and cholesterol) and their tosylates with hydroquinone aimed at the synthesis of O,O-1,4-phenylene-linked steroid dimers were studied. The reaction course strongly depended on the conditions used. The study has shown that the major reaction products are the elimination products and unusual steroid dimers resulting from the nucleophilic attack of the hydroquinone C2 carbon atom on the steroid C3 position, followed by an intramolecular addition to the C5-C6 double bond. A different reaction course was observed when montmorillonite K10 was used as a catalyst. The reaction of androst-5-en-3β-ol-17-one under the promotion of this catalyst afforded the O,O-1,4-phenylene-linked steroid dimer in addition to the disteroidal ether. The formation of the latter compound was suppressed by using 3-tosylate as a substrate instead of the free sterol. The reactions of androst-5-en-3β-ol-17-one tosylate and cholesteryl tosylate with hydroquinone catalyzed by montmorillonite K10 carried out under optimized conditions afforded the desired dimers in 31% and 67% yield, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M. Tomkiel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.D.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Adam D. Majewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.D.M.); (L.S.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Leszek Siergiejczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.D.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Jacek W. Morzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (A.D.M.); (L.S.)
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3
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Labra-Vázquez P, Ochoa ME, Alfonso-Herrera LA, Vera MA, Farfán N, Santillan R. A Steroidal Molecular Rotor with Fast Solid‐State Dynamics Obtained by Crystal Engineering: Role of the Polarity of the Stator. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- UNAM Facultad de Quimica: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Quimica Química orgánica 04510 Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - María E. Ochoa
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Zacatenco: Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional Química Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - Luis A. Alfonso-Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León: Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, MEXICO
| | - Marco A. Vera
- Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa Lab. de RMN MEXICO
| | - Norberto Farfán
- UNAM Facultad de Quimica: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Quimica Química orgánica 04510 Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Zacatenco: Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional Química Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Ciudad de México, México 07000 Ciudad de México MEXICO
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4
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The crystal structure of 17-(bromoethynyl)-17-hydroxy-10, 13-dimethyl- 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-3 H-cyclopenta[ a]phenanthren-3-one, C 21H 27BrO 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C21H27BrO2, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 6.6220(14) Å, b = 11.7640(2) Å, c = 11.8485(2) Å, β = 95.0757(19)° V = 919.39(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0264, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.0695, T = 150 K, Flack-parameter = 0.007(13).
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5
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Ehnbom A, Gladysz JA. Gyroscopes and the Chemical Literature, 2002–2020: Approaches to a Nascent Family of Molecular Devices. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3701-3750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ehnbom
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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6
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Thulstrup PW, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Spanget-Larsen J. UV polarisation spectroscopy of 1,4-diethynylbenzene. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1853841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter W. Thulstrup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nykola C. Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Søren V. Hoffmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Spanget-Larsen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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7
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Knudtson CA, Dias JR. Recent methods for diversification of bile acids and related steroids towards supramolecular. Steroids 2019; 151:108442. [PMID: 31326451 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are a class of steroidal surfactants that have been studied as building blocks for constructing useful chemical frameworks. These starting materials have rigid structures with defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces, which promotes self-assembly in well-defined chemical architectures. The BA scaffolds can undergo a variety of transformations to introduce a range functionalities with practical applications. These functionalized derivatives have seen application in pharmacology, supramolecular chemistry, and nanotechnology in roles such as surfactants, gelators, drug conjugates, or chemical detectors. This review seeks to highlight recent synthetic methods utilizing BAs to construct useful chemical structures and their application in supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Knudtson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, Jackson County, United States.
| | - Jerry R Dias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, Jackson County, United States.
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8
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Valdez-García RM, Alarcón-Manjarrez C, Galano A, Rodríguez-Molina B, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Synthesis of Dimeric Steroid Trioxabispiroacetals Scaffolds by Gold(I)-Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation-Hydration of Diynediols. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M. Valdez-García
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Carlos Alarcón-Manjarrez
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México México
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química; División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Marcos Flores-Álamo
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Martín A. Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria; 04510 Ciudad de México México
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9
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Mayorquín-Torres MC, Colin-Molina A, Pérez-Estrada S, Galano A, Rodríguez-Molina B, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Solid State Dynamic Studies of a Hydrogen Bond-Hindered Steroidal Molecular Rotor with a Flexible Axis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3768-3779. [PMID: 29504766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel steroid molecular rotor was obtained in four steps from the naturally occurring spirostane sapogenin diosgenin. The structural and dynamic characterization was carried out by solution NMR, VT X-ray diffraction, solid state 13C CPMAS, and solid state 2H NMR experiments. They allowed the identification of a fast dynamic process with a frequency of 14 MHz at room temperature, featuring a barrier to rotation Ea = 7.87 kcal mol-1. The gathered experimental evidence indicated the presence of a hydrogen bond that becomes stronger as the temperature lowers. This interaction was characterized using theoretical calculations, based on topological analyses of the electronic density and energies. In addition, combining theoretical calculations with experimental measurements, it was possible to propose a partition to Ea (∼8 kcal/mol) into three contributions, that are the cost of the intrinsic rotation (∼2 kcal/mol), the hydrogen bond interaction (∼2 kcal/mol), and the packing effects (∼2-3 kcal/mol). The findings from the present work highlight the relevance of the individual components in the function of molecular machines in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha C Mayorquín-Torres
- Facultad de Química , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad Universitaria , 04510 Ciudad de México , México
| | - Abraham Colin-Molina
- Instituto de Química , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , 04510 Ciudad de México , México
| | - Salvador Pérez-Estrada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa , Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 , C.P.09340 Ciudad de México , México
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , 04510 Ciudad de México , México
| | - Martín A Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad Universitaria , 04510 Ciudad de México , México
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10
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Abstract
Rotational motion within molecular crystals is a prototypical concept to build future functional materials and solid-state molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Catalano
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
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11
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Dong J, Zhang K, Li X, Qian Y, Zhu H, Yuan D, Xu QH, Jiang J, Zhao D. Ultrathin two-dimensional porous organic nanosheets with molecular rotors for chemical sensing. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1142. [PMID: 29070835 PMCID: PMC5656651 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular rotors have played an important role in recent materials chemistry. Although several studies on functional materials containing molecular rotors have been reported for fluorescence sensing, this concept has yet to be realized in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here we report the preparation of all-carbon, π-conjugated 2D porous organic nanosheets, named NUS-24, which contain flexible tetraphenylethylene (TPE) units as the molecular rotors. NUS-24 nanosheets exhibit high stability, large lateral size, and ultrathin thickness (2-5 nm). The dynamic TPE rotors exposed on the surface of NUS-24 nanosheets can be restricted in the aggregated state with different water fractions, which is reminiscent of the aggregation-induced emission mechanism, thereby leading to the size-selective turn-on fluorescence by volatile organic compounds. Significantly, the ultrathin 2D nanosheets and its composite membranes show much higher sensitivity and selectivity toward Fe3+ ions and nitro-containing compounds sensing, suggesting their potential applications in explosive detection and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiao Dong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Kang Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yuhong Qian
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
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12
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Aguilar-Valdez N, Maldonado-Domínguez M, Arcos-Ramos R, Romero-Ávila M, Santillan R, Farfán N. Synthesis of steroidal molecular compasses: exploration of the controlled assembly of solid organic materials. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00157f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Fujiwara A, Inagaki Y, Momma H, Kwon E, Yamaguchi K, Kanno M, Kono H, Setaka W. A crystalline molecular gyrotop with a biphenylene dirotor and its temperature-dependent birefringence. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A crystalline molecular gyrotop with a biphenylene dirotor showed a reduction in the birefringence with increasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Fujiwara
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momma
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai
- Japan
| | - Eunsang Kwon
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai
- Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus
- Tokushima Bunri University
- Sanuki
- Japan
| | - Manabu Kanno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai
- Japan
| | - Hirohiko Kono
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai
- Japan
| | - Wataru Setaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
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14
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Lang GM, Shima T, Wang L, Cluff KJ, Skopek K, Hampel F, Blümel J, Gladysz JA. Gyroscope-Like Complexes Based on Dibridgehead Diphosphine Cages That Are Accessed by Three-Fold Intramolecular Ring Closing Metatheses and Encase Fe(CO)3, Fe(CO)2(NO)+, and Fe(CO)3(H)+Rotators. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7649-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgette M. Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - Takanori Shima
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leyong Wang
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kyle J. Cluff
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - Katrin Skopek
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janet Blümel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
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15
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Nishiyama Y, Inagaki Y, Yamaguchi K, Setaka W. 1,4-Naphthalenediyl-Bridged Molecular Gyrotops: Rotation of the Rotor and Fluorescence in Solution. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9959-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Nishiyama
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Wataru Setaka
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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16
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Czajkowska-Szczykowska D, Morzycki JW, Wojtkielewicz A. Pd-catalyzed steroid reactions. Steroids 2015; 97:13-44. [PMID: 25173819 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We review the most important achievements of the last decade in the field of steroid synthesis in the presence of palladium catalysts. Various palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, including Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Sonogashira, Negishi and others, are exemplified with steroid transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek W Morzycki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Białystok, Poland.
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17
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Kaleta J, Janoušek Z, Nečas M, Mazal C. Molecular Rods Combining o-Carborane and Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Cages: An Insertion of the Triple Bond Located Next to a Highly Strained Cage. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Janoušek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Nečas
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská
2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC-Central
European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice
5, 625 00 Brno-Bohunice, Czech Republic
| | - Ctibor Mazal
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská
2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC-Central
European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University Brno, Kamenice
5, 625 00 Brno-Bohunice, Czech Republic
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18
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Pérez-Estrada S, Rodríguez-Molina B, Xiao L, Santillan R, Jiménez-Osés G, Houk KN, Garcia-Garibay MA. Thermodynamic evaluation of aromatic CH/π interactions and rotational entropy in a molecular rotor. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:2175-8. [PMID: 25635355 DOI: 10.1021/ja512053t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A molecular rotor built with a stator formed by two rigid 9β-mestranol units having a 90° bent angle linked to a central phenylene rotator has an ideal structure to examine aromatic CH/π interactions. Energies and populations of the multiple solution conformations from quantum-mechanical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were combined with variable-temperature (VT) (1)H NMR data to establish the enthalpy of this interaction and the entropy associated with rotation about a single bond. Rotational dynamics in the solid state were determined via VT cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (13)C NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Pérez-Estrada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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19
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Jiménez-García C, Arcos-Ramos R, Méndez-Stivalet JM, Santillan R, Farfán N. Synthesis and characterization of dissymmetric molecular rotors based on 1,4-diethynylphenylene rotators and steroidal/trityl type stators. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Kotovshchikov YN, Latyshev GV, Lukashev NV, Beletskaya IP. Alkynylation of steroids via Pd-free Sonogashira coupling. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5542-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00559k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A new biligand catalytic system was applied for the Pd-free Sonogashira syntheses of valuable steroidal enynes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolay V. Lukashev
- Chemistry Department
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russia
| | - Irina P. Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russia
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21
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Arcos-Ramos R, Rodriguez-Molina B, Gonzalez-Rodriguez E, Ramirez-Montes PI, Ochoa ME, Santillan R, Farfán N, Garcia-Garibay MA. Crystalline arrays of molecular rotors with TIPS-trityl and phenolic-trityl stators using phenylene, 1,2-difluorophenylene and pyridine rotators. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07422c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular rotors based on substituted-trityl stators provide crystalline arrays capable of supporting different rotators through non-covalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Arcos-Ramos
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- 04510 México
- México
| | - Braulio Rodriguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Circuito Exterior
- Ciudad Universitaria
- 04510 México
| | - E. Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- 04510 México
- México
| | | | - Maria Eugenia Ochoa
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN
- México
- México
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN
- México
- México
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- 04510 México
- México
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22
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Shionari H, Inagaki Y, Yamaguchi K, Setaka W. A pyrene-bridged macrocage showing no excimer fluorescence. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10511-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A pyrene bridged macrocage shows fluorescence from a monomeric excited state without excimer due to cage effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokuni Shionari
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus
- Tokushima Bunri University
- Sanuki
- Japan
| | - Wataru Setaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
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23
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Czajkowska-Szczykowska D, Jastrzebska I, Santillan R, Morzycki JW. The synthesis of disteroidal macrocyclic molecular rotors by an RCM approach. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Setaka W, Inoue K, Higa S, Yoshigai S, Kono H, Yamaguchi K. Synthesis of Crystalline Molecular Gyrotops and Phenylene Rotation inside the Cage. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8288-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501539h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Setaka
- Division
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Inoue
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Sayaka Higa
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Seiki Yoshigai
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Kono
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
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25
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Inagaki Y, Yamaguchi K, Setaka W. A crystalline molecular gyrotop with germanium junctions between a phenylene rotor and alkyl spokes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11705k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A molecular gyrotop with germanium junctions was synthesized, and the dynamics of the phenylene and the optical properties were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Inagaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus
- Tokushima Bunri University
- Sanuki, Japan
| | - Wataru Setaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji, Japan
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26
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Setaka W, Yamaguchi K. Order–Disorder Transition of Dipolar Rotor in a Crystalline Molecular Gyrotop and Its Optical Change. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14560-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja408405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Setaka
- Division of Applied
Chemistry, Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa
Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
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27
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Setaka W, Koyama A, Yamaguchi K. Cage Size Effects on the Rotation of Molecular Gyrotops with 1,4-Naphthalenediyl Rotor in Solution. Org Lett 2013; 15:5092-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402464d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Setaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Akiko Koyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
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28
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Rodríguez-Molina B, Pérez-Estrada S, Garcia-Garibay MA. Amphidynamic crystals of a steroidal bicyclo[2.2.2]octane rotor: a high symmetry group that rotates faster than smaller methyl and methoxy groups. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10388-95. [PMID: 23796326 PMCID: PMC3963821 DOI: 10.1021/ja4024463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, crystallization, single crystal X-ray structure, and solid state dynamics of molecular rotor 3 provided with a high symmetry order and relatively cylindrical bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO) rotator linked to mestranol fragments were investigated in this work. By use of solid state (13)C NMR, three rotating fragments were identified within the molecule: the BCO, the C19 methoxy and the C18 methyl groups. To determine the dynamics of the BCO group in crystals of 3 by variable temperature (1)H spin-lattice relaxation (VT (1)H T1), we determined the (1)H T1 contributions from the methoxy group C19 by carrying out measurements with the methoxy-deuterated isotopologue rotor 3-d6. The contributions from the quaternary methyl group C18 were estimated by considering the differences between the VT (1)H T1 of mestranol 8 and methoxy-deuterated mestranol 8-d3. From these studies it was determined that the BCO rotator in 3 has an activation energy of only 1.15 kcal mol(-1), with a barrier for site exchange that is smaller than those of methyl (E(a) = 1.35 kcal mol(-1)) and methoxy groups (E(a) = 1.92 kcal mol(-1)), despite their smaller moments of inertia and surface areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Salvador Pérez-Estrada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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