1
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Geurs S, Clarisse D, De Bosscher K, D'hooghe M. The Zinc-Binding Group Effect: Lessons from Non-Hydroxamic Acid Vorinostat Analogs. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37276138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes pursued as drug targets in various cancers and several non-oncological conditions, such as inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. In the past decade, HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have emerged as relevant pharmaceuticals, with many efforts devoted to the development of new representatives. However, the growing safety concerns regarding the established hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitors tend to drive current research more toward the design of inhibitors bearing alternative zinc-binding groups (ZBGs). This Perspective presents an overview of all non-hydroxamic acid ZBGs that have been incorporated into the clinically approved prototypical HDACi, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (vorinostat). This provides the unique opportunity to compare the inhibition potential and biological effects of different ZBGs in a direct way, as the compounds selected for this Perspective differ only in their ZBG. To that end, different strategies used to select a ZBG, its properties, activity, and liabilities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Geurs
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Wu RZ, Zhou HY, Song JF, Xia QH, Hu W, Mou XD, Li X. Chemotherapeutics for Toxoplasma gondii: Molecular Biotargets, Binding Modes, and Structure-Activity Relationship Investigations. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17627-17655. [PMID: 34894691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis, an infectious zoonotic disease caused by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a major worldwide health problem. However, there are currently no effective options (chemotherapeutic drugs or prophylactic vaccines) for treating chronic latent toxoplasmosis infection. Accordingly, seeking more effective and safer chemotherapeutics for combating this disease remains a long-term and challenging objective. In this paper, we summarize possible molecular biotargets, with an emphasis on those that are druggable and promising, including, without limitation, calcium-dependent protein kinase 1, bifunctional thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase, and farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Meanwhile, as important components of medicinal chemistry, the binding modes and structure-activity relationship profiles of the corresponding inhibitors were also illuminated. We anticipate that this information will be helpful for further identification of more effective chemotherapeutic interventions to prevent and treat zoonotic infections caused by T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zhen Wu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Huai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, no. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Jing-Feng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, no. 1168 Chunrong Xi Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, PR China
| | - Qiao-Hong Xia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, no. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, no. 72 Binhai Road of JiMo, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Mou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Xun Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100192, PR China
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3
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Elek GZ, Koppel K, Zubrytski DM, Konrad N, Järving I, Lopp M, Kananovich DG. Divergent Access to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Cyclopeptides via a Late-Stage Cyclopropane Ring Cleavage Strategy. Short Synthesis of Chlamydocin. Org Lett 2019; 21:8473-8478. [PMID: 31596600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unified step-economical strategy for accessing histone deacetylase inhibitory peptides is proposed, based on the late-stage installation of multiple zinc-binding functionalities via the cleavage of the strained cyclopropane ring in the common pluripotent cyclopropanol precursor. The efficacy of the proposed diversity-oriented approach has been validated by short stereoselective synthesis of natural product chlamydocin, containing a challenging-to-install fragment of (2S,9S)-2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoic acid (Aoe) and a range of its analogues, derivatives of 2-amino-8-oxodecanoic and 2-aminosuberic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Zoltán Elek
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Kaur Koppel
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Dzmitry M Zubrytski
- Belarusian State University , Department of Organic Chemistry , Leningradskaya 14 , 220050 Minsk , Belarus
| | - Nele Konrad
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Ivar Järving
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Margus Lopp
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Dzmitry G Kananovich
- Tallinn University of Technology , School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Akadeemia tee 15 , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
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4
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Abstract
The alkylation of enolates is one of the backbones of ketone chemistry, yet in practice it suffers from numerous limitations due to problems of regiochemistry (including O- versus C-alkylation), multiple alkylations, self-condensation, competing elimination, and incompatibility with many polar groups that have to be protected. Over the years, various solutions have been devised to overcome these difficulties, such as the employment of auxiliary ester or sulfone groups to modify the p Ka of the enolizable hydrogens, the passage by the corresponding hydrazones, the use of transition-metal-catalyzed redox systems to formally alkylate ketones with alcohols, etc. Most of these hurdles disappear upon switching to α-ketonyl radicals. Radicals are tolerant of most polar functions, and radical additions to flat sp2 centers are generally easier to accomplish than enolate substitution at tetrahedral sp3 carbons. The main stumbling block, however, has been a lack of generally applicable methods for the generation and intermolecular capture of α-ketonyl radicals. We have found over the past years that the degenerative exchange of xanthates represents in many ways an ideal solution to this problem. It overcomes essentially all of the difficulties faced by other radical processes because of its unique ability to reversibly store reactive radicals in a dormant, nonreactive form. The lifetime of the radicals can therefore be significantly enhanced, even in the concentrated medium needed for bimolecular additions, while at the same time regulating their absolute and relative concentrations. The ability to perform intermolecular additions to highly functionalized alkene partners opens up numerous possibilities for rapid and convergent access to complex structures. Of particular importance is the elaboration of ketones that are prone to self-condensation, such trifluoroacetone, and of base-sensitive ketones, such as chloro- and dichloroacetone, since the products can be used for the synthesis of a myriad fluorinated and heteroaromatic compounds of relevance to medicinal chemistry and agrochemistry. The formal distal dialkylation of ketones, also of utmost synthetic interest, is readily accomplished, allowing convenient access to a wide array of useful ketone building blocks. Cascade processes can be implemented and, in alliance with powerful classical reactions (aldol, alkylative Birch reductions, etc.), furnish a quick route to complex polycyclic scaffolds. Furthermore, the presence of the xanthate group in the adducts can be exploited to obtain a variety of arenes and heteroarenes, such as pyrroles, thiophenes, naphthalenes, and pyridines, as well as enones, dienes, and cyclopropanes. Last but not least, the reagents and most of the starting materials are exceedingly cheap, and the reactions are safe and easy to scale up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS UMR 7652 Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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5
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Khomane NB, Patel JS, Shirsat PK, Mali PR, Meshram HM. Formal Synthesis of Angiopterlactone B via Enantioselective Reduction of Ketone with Daucus Carota Root. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navnath B. Khomane
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka; Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Javed S. Patel
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Natural Product Laboratory; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
| | - Prashishkumar K. Shirsat
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka; Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Prakash R. Mali
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka; Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Harshadas M. Meshram
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka; Hyderabad- 500007 India
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6
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Chen CC, Wang SF, Su YY, Lin YA, Lin PC. Copper(I)-Mediated Denitrogenative Macrocyclization for the Synthesis of Cyclic α3
β-Tetrapeptide Analogues. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1326-1337. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chi Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Nation Sun Yat-sen University; 70 Lienhai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Nation Sun Yat-sen University; 70 Lienhai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Su
- Department of Chemistry; Nation Sun Yat-sen University; 70 Lienhai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Yuya A. Lin
- Department of Chemistry; Nation Sun Yat-sen University; 70 Lienhai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry; Nation Sun Yat-sen University; 70 Lienhai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
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7
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Traoré MM, Zwick V, Simões-Pires CA, Nurisso A, Issa M, Cuendet M, Maynadier M, Wein S, Vial H, Jamet H, Wong YS. Hydroxyl Ketone-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors To Gain Insight into Class I HDAC Selectivity versus That of HDAC6. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1550-1562. [PMID: 30023639 PMCID: PMC6044785 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the biological and structural features that govern the isoform selectivity for class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) over HDAC6. In addition to that for known inhibitors, like benzamides, psammaplin A, and cyclodepsipeptide-derived thiols, selectivity was also observed for naturally occurring cyclopeptide HDAC inhibitors with an aliphatic flexible linker and ketonelike zinc-binding group (ZBG). The present study reports that this isoform selectivity is mainly due to the linker and ZBG, as replacement of the cyclopeptide cap region by a simple aniline retained class I HDAC isoform selectivity toward HDAC6 in enzymatic assays. The best cyclopeptide-free analogues preserved efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum and cancer cell lines. Molecular modeling provided hypotheses to explain this selectivity and suggests different behaviors of the flexible linker on HDAC1 and HDAC6 pockets, which may influence, on the basis of the strength of the ZBG, its coordination with the zinc ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed
D. M. Traoré
- Département
de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, CNRS
UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 470 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
- Département
de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5250,
ICMG FR 2607, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Vincent Zwick
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudia A. Simões-Pires
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Nurisso
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratoire
Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques, UMR 5235, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Mark Issa
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Maynadier
- Département
de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Sharon Wein
- Département
de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Henri Vial
- Département
de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Helene Jamet
- Département
de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5250,
ICMG FR 2607, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Yung-Sing Wong
- Département
de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, CNRS
UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 470 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
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8
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Donald JR, Unsworth WP. Ring-Expansion Reactions in the Synthesis of Macrocycles and Medium-Sized Rings. Chemistry 2017; 23:8780-8799. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Donald
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
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9
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Francisco Hilário F, Traoré MDM, Zwick V, Berry L, Simões-Pires CA, Cuendet M, Fantozzi N, Pereira de Freitas R, Maynadier M, Wein S, Vial H, Wong YS. Synthesis of an Uncharged Tetra-cyclopeptide Acting as a Transmembrane Carrier: Enhanced Cellular and Nuclear Uptake. Org Lett 2017; 19:612-615. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flaviane Francisco Hilário
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 rue de la chimie, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de
Química, ICEB, Campus Universitário Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000 Ouro
Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Depertamento de
Química, UFMG, Av Pres Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Mohamed Dit Mady Traoré
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 rue de la chimie, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Département de Chimie
Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5250, ICMG FR 2607, 301 rue de la chimie, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
| | - Vincent Zwick
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Berry
- Laboratoire
Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques,
UMR5235, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia A. Simões-Pires
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fantozzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 rue de la chimie, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
| | - Rossimiriam Pereira de Freitas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Depertamento de
Química, UFMG, Av Pres Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Maynadier
- Laboratoire
Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques,
UMR5235, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Sharon Wein
- Laboratoire
Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques,
UMR5235, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Henri Vial
- Laboratoire
Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques,
UMR5235, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Yung-Sing Wong
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Département de Pharmacochimie
Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 rue de la chimie, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
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10
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Rossi-Ashton JA, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. Selective synthesis of three product classes from imine and carboxylic acid precursors via direct imine acylation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7527-7532. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02039b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Three divergent procedures allow the selective generation of δ-lactams, β-lactams and tetrahydropyrimidinones from common imine and carboxylic acid precursors.
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11
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Mukherjee JP, Sil S, Chattopadhyay SK. A modular approach to cyclic tetrapeptides related to histone deacetylase inhibition: synthesis of epi-microsporin A. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Mukherjee J, Sil S, Chattopadhyay SK. Diversity-oriented synthesis of analogues of the novel macrocyclic peptide FR-225497 through late stage functionalization. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:2487-92. [PMID: 26734096 PMCID: PMC4685926 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A concise synthetic approach to a class of biologically interesting cyclic tetrapeptides is reported which involves a late-stage functionalization of a macrocyclic scaffold through cross metathesis in an attempt to create diversity. The utility of this protocol is demonstrated through the preparation of three structural analogues of the important naturally occurring histone deacetylase inhibitor FR-225497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotiprasad Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman Sil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, India
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13
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Atmuri NDP, Lubell WD. Insight into Transannular Cyclization Reactions To Synthesize Azabicyclo[X.Y.Z]alkanone Amino Acid Derivatives from 8-, 9-, and 10-Membered Macrocyclic Dipeptide Lactams. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4904-18. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Prasad Atmuri
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station
Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station
Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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14
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Abstract
Structural diversity oriented synthesis aims to fulfill the unoccupied tridimensional "chemical space" gap left by traditional chemical libraries. Through the development of novel synthetic strategies relying on divergent reactions, chemist is now able to realize in only two or three steps such library that ensures the access of a large number of products having a good quality in term of structural diversity. A few examples are presented to illustrate how this can be done in the context of increasing molecular complexity and diversity devoted to the discovery and optimization of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Sing Wong
- Université Grenoble Alpes; - CNRS, département de pharmacochimie moléculaire, UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex, France
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15
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Szostak M, Spain M, Eberhart AJ, Procter DJ. Mechanism of SmI2/Amine/H2O-Promoted Chemoselective Reductions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives (Esters, Acids, and Amides) to Alcohols. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11988-2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5018525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Malcolm Spain
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Eberhart
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Procter
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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16
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Szostak M, Spain M, Procter DJ. Ketyl-Type Radicals from Cyclic and Acyclic Esters are Stabilized by SmI2(H2O)n: The Role of SmI2(H2O)n in Post-Electron Transfer Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8459-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503494b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm Spain
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL United Kingdom
| | - David J. Procter
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL United Kingdom
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17
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Culf AS, Čuperlović-Culf M, Léger DA, Decken A. Small head-to-tail macrocyclic α-peptoids. Org Lett 2014; 16:2780-3. [PMID: 24797336 DOI: 10.1021/ol501102b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A convenient and efficient methodology for the head-to-tail macrocyclization of small 3-mer, 4-mer, and 5-mer α-peptoid acids (9-, 12-, and 15-atom N-substituted glycine oligomers) is described. The cyclic trimer has a ccc amide sequence in the crystal structure, whereas the tetramer has ctct and the pentamer has ttccc stereochemistry. NMR analysis reveals rigid structures in solution. These synthetic macrocycles may prove useful in medicinal and materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian S Culf
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute , 35 Providence Street, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
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Ngo TH, Berndt H, Wilsdorf M, Lentz D, Reissig HU. Linear and cyclic hybrids of alternating thiophene-amino acid units: synthesis and effects of chirality on conformation and molecular packing. Chemistry 2013; 19:15155-65. [PMID: 24105938 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dipeptide isostere 5-aminothiophene carboxylic acid has been combined with L-phenylalanine moieties to provide linear and cyclic hybrid oligopeptides. A suitable protecting group strategy and appropriate coupling methods have been developed to guarantee a high degree of enantiopurity of the resulting amides. Cyclic tetraamides have been efficiently obtained by macrocyclization of the linear derivatives. In the case of racemized cyclization precursors, two diastereomeric macrocycles (S,S/R,R and meso) have been isolated. Their crystal structures show clear effects of the stereogenic centers on the ring conformations and molecular packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thien H Ngo
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany), Fax: (+49) 30-838-55367 http://www.bcp.fu-berlin.de/chemie/oc/reissig
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Szostak M, Spain M, Procter DJ. Recent advances in the chemoselective reduction of functional groups mediated by samarium(ii) iodide: a single electron transfer approach. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:9155-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60223k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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