1
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McLeod DA, Thøgersen MK, Barløse CL, Skipper ML, Obregón EB, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective (8+3) Cycloadditions by Activation of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes Employing Chiral Brønsted Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206096. [PMID: 35580010 PMCID: PMC9401081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel enantioselective (8+3) cycloaddition between donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and heptafulvenoids catalysed by a chiral bifunctional Brønsted base is described. Importantly, the reaction, which leverages an anionic activation strategy, is divergent from prototypical Lewis-acid activation protocols. A series of cyclopropylketones react with tropones affording the desired (8+3) cycloadducts in high yield and enantiomeric excess. For barbiturate substituted heptafulvenes, the (8+3) cycloaddition with cyclopropylketones proceeds in good yield, excellent diastereoselectivity and high enantiomeric excess. The experimental work is supported by DFT calculations, which indicate that the bifunctional organocatalyst activates both the donor-acceptor cyclopropane and tropone; the reaction proceeds in a step-wise manner with the ring-closure being the stereodetermining step.
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2
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McLeod DA, Thøgersen MK, Barløse CL, Skipper ML, Obregón EB, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective (8+3) Cycloadditions by Activation of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes Employing Chiral Brønsted Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. McLeod
- Department of Chemistry Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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3
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Tokuhiro Y, Yoshikawa K, Murayama S, Nanjo T, Takemoto Y. Highly Stereoselective, Organocatalytic Mannich-type Addition of Glyoxylate Cyanohydrin: A Versatile Building Block for the Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino-α-ketoacids. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tokuhiro
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sei Murayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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4
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Ma H, Feng J, Zhou W, Chen C, Deng Z, Zhou F, Ouyang Y, Zhang X, Cai Q. Copper(i)-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular C-arylation with ureas as the additives: highly enantioselective formation of spirooxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7480-7484. [PMID: 34612367 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01327k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cooperative catalytic strategy is developed for a copper-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular C-arylation reaction with ureas as the co-catalysts. By forming hydrogen bonds with 1,3-dicarbonyl structures, ureas can activate the substrates, stabilize the carbanion intermediates and the products, and fix the syn-configurations of 1,3-dicarbonyl structures. They help enhance the reactivity, prevent side reactions and improve the enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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5
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Chahal MK, Payne DT, Matsushita Y, Labuta J, Ariga K, Hill JP. Molecular Engineering of β‐Substituted Oxoporphyrinogens for Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep K. Chahal
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1‐1, Tsukuba 305‐0044 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Daniel T. Payne
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1‐1, Tsukuba 305‐0044 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- Research Network and Facility Services Division National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1‐2–1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305‐0047 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Jan Labuta
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1‐1, Tsukuba 305‐0044 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1‐1, Tsukuba 305‐0044 Ibaraki Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo 5‐1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277‐8561 Chiba Japan
| | - Jonathan P. Hill
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1‐1, Tsukuba 305‐0044 Ibaraki Japan
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6
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Nanjo T, Zhang X, Tokuhiro Y, Takemoto Y. Divergent and Scalable Synthesis of α-Hydroxy/Keto-β-amino Acid Analogues by the Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Glyoxylate Cyanohydrin to Imines. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tokuhiro
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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7
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Rao MK, Reddy KN, Sridhar B, Reddy BS. Ru(II)-catalyzed α-sulfonamidation of cyclic β-ketoesters with sulfonyl azides. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Izzo JA, Myshchuk Y, Hirschi JS, Vetticatt MJ. Transition state analysis of an enantioselective Michael addition by a bifunctional thiourea organocatalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3934-3939. [PMID: 30942247 PMCID: PMC6774437 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00072k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the enantioselective Michael addition of diethyl malonate to trans-β-nitrostyrene catalyzed by a tertiary amine thiourea organocatalyst is explored using experimental 13C kinetic isotope effects and density functional theory calculations. Large primary 13C KIEs on the bond-forming carbon atoms of both reactants suggest that carbon-carbon bond formation is the rate-determining step in the catalytic cycle. This work resolves conflicting mechanistic pictures that have emerged from prior experimental and computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Izzo
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
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9
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Larsen D, Langhorn LM, Akselsen OM, Nielsen BE, Pittelkow M. Thiosemicarbazone organocatalysis: tetrahydropyranylation and 2-deoxygalactosylation reactions and kinetics-based mechanistic investigation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7978-7982. [PMID: 29568444 PMCID: PMC5853554 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03366d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first use of thiosemicarbazone-based organocatalysis was demonstrated on both tetrahydropyranylation and 2-deoxygalactosylation reactions. The organocatalysts were optimised using kinetics-based selection. The best catalyst outperformed previously reported thiourea catalysts for tetrahydropyranylation by 50-fold. Hammett investigations of both the organocatalyst and the substrate indicate an oxyanion hole-like reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Larsen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Line M Langhorn
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Olivia M Akselsen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Bjarne E Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark .
| | - Michael Pittelkow
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark .
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10
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Asano T, Moritani M, Nakajima M, Kotani S. Chiral lithium binaphtholate for enantioselective amination of acyclic α-alkyl-β-keto esters: Application to the total synthesis of l -carbidopa. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Neuvonen AJ, Földes T, Madarász Á, Pápai I, Pihko PM. Organocatalysts Fold To Generate an Active Site Pocket for the Mannich Reaction. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antti J. Neuvonen
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylän yliopisto, Finland
| | - Tamás Földes
- Research
Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Madarász
- Research
Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Pápai
- Research
Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petri M. Pihko
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylän yliopisto, Finland
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12
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Organocatalytic enantioselective Michael reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyls with α-substituted β-nitroacrylates. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Kano T, Homma C, Maruoka K. In situ generation of less accessible Boc-imines from aldehydes: construction of a quaternary carbon by the Mannich reaction or unprecedented aldol reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4527-4530. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mannich reactions of β-dicarbonyls with in situ generated less accessible Boc-imines from aldehydes were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Kano
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Chihiro Homma
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
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14
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Jin H, Cho SM, Hwang GS, Ryu DH. Construction of 3,4-Dihydrocoumarin Derivatives with Adjacent Quaternary and Tertiary Stereocenters: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of 2-Oxochroman-3-carboxylate Esters totrans-β-Nitroolefins. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Chemistry; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 440-746 Korea
| | - Soo Min Cho
- Department of Chemistry; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 440-746 Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Western Seoul Center; Korea Basic Science Institute; Seoul 120-140 Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 440-746 Korea
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15
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Metsala A, Žari S, Kanger T. Aza-Michael Reactions of Isatin Imines: Deeper Insight and Origin of the Stereoselectivity. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrus Metsala
- Department of Chemistry; Tallinn University of Technology; Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
| | - Sergei Žari
- Department of Chemistry; Tallinn University of Technology; Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
| | - Tõnis Kanger
- Department of Chemistry; Tallinn University of Technology; Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
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16
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Jiménez EI, Vallejo Narváez WE, Román-Chavarría CA, Vazquez-Chavez J, Rocha-Rinza T, Hernández-Rodríguez M. Bifunctional Thioureas with α-Trifluoromethyl or Methyl Groups: Comparison of Catalytic Performance in Michael Additions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7419-7431. [PMID: 27400400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thioureas are an important scaffold in organocatalysis because of their ability to form hydrogen bonds that activate substrates and fix them in a defined position, which allows a given reaction to occur. Structures that enhance the acidity of the thiourea are usually used to increase the hydrogen-bonding properties, such as 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and boronate ureas. Herein, we report the synthesis of bifunctional thioureas with a chiral moiety that include either a trifluoromethyl or methyl group. Their catalytic performance in representative Michael addition reactions was used in an effort to compare the electronic effects of the fluorination at the methyl group. The observed differences concerning yields and ee values cannot be attributed solely to the different steric environments; theoretical results indicate distinct interactions within the corresponding transition states. The calculated transition states show that the fluorinated catalysts have stronger N-H···O and C-H···F hydrogen bonds, while the nonfluorinated systems have C-H···π contacts. These results have shown that a variety of hydrogen-bonding interactions are important in determining the yield and selectivity of thiourea organocatalysis. These details can be further exploited in catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy I Jiménez
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
| | - Wilmer E Vallejo Narváez
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
| | - Carlos A Román-Chavarría
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
| | - Josue Vazquez-Chavez
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
| | - Tomás Rocha-Rinza
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
| | - Marcos Hernández-Rodríguez
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico , Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510 Cd. Mx., Mexico
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17
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Govender T, Arvidsson PI, Maguire GEM, Kruger HG, Naicker T. Enantioselective Organocatalyzed Transformations of β-Ketoesters. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9375-437. [PMID: 27463615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The β-ketoester structural motif continues to intrigue chemists with its electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. Proven to be a valuable tool within organic synthesis, natural product, and medicinal chemistry, reports on chiral β-ketoester molecular skeletons display a steady increase. With the reignition of organocatalysis in the past decade, asymmetric methods available for the synthesis of this structural unit has significantly expanded, making it one of the most exploited substrates for organocatalytic transformations. This review provides comprehensive information on the plethora of organocatalysts used in stereoselective organocatalyzed construction of β-ketoester-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavendran Govender
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Per I Arvidsson
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa.,P. I. Arvidsson, Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery and Development Platform and Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Glenn E M Maguire
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tricia Naicker
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban, 4001, South Africa
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18
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Madarász Á, Dósa Z, Varga S, Soós T, Csámpai A, Pápai I. Thiourea Derivatives as Brønsted Acid Organocatalysts. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Madarász
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Dósa
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Varga
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antal Csámpai
- Institute
of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest-112, Hungary
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Jin H, Kim ST, Hwang GS, Ryu DH. L-Proline Derived Bifunctional Organocatalysts: Enantioselective Michael Addition of Dithiomalonates to trans-β-Nitroolefins. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3263-74. [PMID: 26989804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel L-proline derived tertiary amine bifunctional organocatalysts 9 are reported, which were applied to the asymmetric Michael addition of dithiomalonates 2 to trans-β-nitroolefins 1. The reaction proceeded in high yields (up to 99%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). The synthetic utility of this methodology was demonstrated in the short synthesis of (R)-phenibut in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul 120-140, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Korea
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20
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Odagi M, Yamamoto Y, Nagasawa K. Asymmetric α-amination of β-keto esters using a guanidine-bisurea bifunctional organocatalyst. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:198-203. [PMID: 26977179 PMCID: PMC4778535 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An asymmetric α-amination of β-keto esters with azodicarboxylate in the presence of a guanidine–bisurea bifunctional organocatalyst was investigated. The α-amination products were obtained in up to 99% yield with up to 94% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Odagi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Barrios Antúnez DJ, Greenhalgh MD, Fallan C, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Enantioselective synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted trans-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans using a Brønsted base/thiourea bifunctional catalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7268-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01326k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted trans-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives via intramolecular Michael addition has been developed using a bifunctional tertiary amine–thiourea catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charlene Fallan
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
- UK
| | | | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
- UK
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22
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Experimental and Theoretical Studies in Hydrogen-Bonding Organocatalysis. Molecules 2015; 20:15500-24. [PMID: 26343615 PMCID: PMC6331831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200915500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral thioureas and squaramides are among the most prominent hydrogen-bond bifunctional organocatalysts now extensively used for various transformations, including aldol, Michael, Mannich and Diels-Alder reactions. More importantly, the experimental and computational study of the mode of activation has begun to attract considerable attention. Various experimental, spectroscopic and calculation methods are now frequently used, often as an integrated approach, to establish the reaction mechanism, the mode of activation or explain the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. This article comprises several case studies, sorted according to the method used in their study. The aim of this review is to give the investigators an overview of the methods currently utilized for mechanistic investigations in hydrogen-bonding organocatalysis.
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23
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He Q, Huang F, Sun C, Xie L, Chen DZ. Understanding the mechanism of procedure-controlled enantioselectivity switch in cinchona alkaloid thiourea catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition: H-bonds controlled enantioselectivity. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Engl OD, Fritz SP, Wennemers H. Stereoselective Organocatalytic Synthesis of Oxindoles with Adjacent Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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25
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Engl OD, Fritz SP, Wennemers H. Stereoselective Organocatalytic Synthesis of Oxindoles with Adjacent Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8193-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Odagi M, Furukori K, Yamamoto Y, Sato M, Iida K, Yamanaka M, Nagasawa K. Origin of Stereocontrol in Guanidine-Bisurea Bifunctional Organocatalyst That Promotes α-Hydroxylation of Tetralone-Derived β-Ketoesters: Asymmetric Synthesis of β- and γ-Substituted Tetralone Derivatives via Organocatalytic Oxidative Kinetic Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1909-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511149y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minami Odagi
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kota Furukori
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Sato
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, 171-8501, Tokyo Japan
| | - Keisuke Iida
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, 171-8501, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department
of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei
city, 184-8588, Tokyo Japan
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27
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Qi ZH, Zhang Y, Ruan GY, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang XW. Theoretical studies on the activation mechanism involving bifunctional tertiary amine–thioureas and isatylidene malononitriles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01821h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DFT studies on the activation mechanism of the Michael addition reactions containing bifunctional tertiary amine–thioureas and isatylidene malononitriles have been performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Gui-Yu Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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28
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Varga E, Mika LT, Csámpai A, Holczbauer T, Kardos G, Soós T. Mechanistic investigations of a bifunctional squaramide organocatalyst in asymmetric Michael reaction and observation of stereoselective retro-Michael reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19593d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of cinchona–squaramide organocatalytic Michael addition was studied usingin situIR and NMR experiments. As a result, not only kinetic parameters were determined but a stereoselective retro-Michael reaction was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Varga
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - László Tamás Mika
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Antal Csámpai
- Institute of Chemistry
- Eötvös Loránd University
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Tamás Holczbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - György Kardos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
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29
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Petrović VP, Simijonović D, Petrović ZD, Marković S. Formation of a vanillic Mannich base – theoretical study. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2015-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOne-pot anti-Mannich reaction of vanillin, aniline and cyclohexanone was successfully catalyzed by ionic liquid triethanolammonium chloroacetate, at room temperature. Yield of the obtained Mannich base was very good and excellent diastereoselectivity was achieved. Mechanism of the reaction was investigated using the density functional theory. The reaction started with a nucleophilic attack of aniline nitrogen at the carbonyl group of vanillin. The intermediate α-amino alcohol formed in this way was further subjected to protonation by the triethanolammonium ion yielding the imminium ion. Theoretically, the obtained imminium ion and the enol form of cyclohexanone can build the protonated Mannich base via the anti and syn pathways. The chloroacetic anion spontaneously abstracts the proton yielding the final product of the reaction anti 2-[1-(N-phenylamino)-1-(4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl)]methylcyclohexanone (MB-H). The syn pathway requires lower activation energy but the anti pathway yields a thermodynamically more stable product, which implies that the examined Mannich reaction is thermodynamically controlled
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30
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Badiola E, Fiser B, Gómez-Bengoa E, Mielgo A, Olaizola I, Urruzuno I, García JM, Odriozola JM, Razkin J, Oiarbide M, Palomo C. Enantioselective Construction of Tetrasubstituted Stereogenic Carbons through Brønsted Base Catalyzed Michael Reactions: α′-Hydroxy Enones as Key Enoate Equivalent. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17869-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510603w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eider Badiola
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Béla Fiser
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antonia Mielgo
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Iurre Olaizola
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Iñaki Urruzuno
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús M. García
- Departamento
de Química Aplicada, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006-Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M. Odriozola
- Departamento
de Química Aplicada, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006-Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Razkin
- Departamento
de Química Aplicada, Institute of Advanced Materials (INAMAT), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006-Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Oiarbide
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018-San Sebastián, Spain
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31
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Quintard A, Cheshmedzhieva D, Sanchez Duque MDM, Gaudel-Siri A, Naubron JV, Génisson Y, Plaquevent JC, Bugaut X, Rodriguez J, Constantieux T. Origin of the enantioselectivity in organocatalytic Michael additions of β-ketoamides to α,β-unsaturated carbonyls: a combined experimental, spectroscopic and theoretical study. Chemistry 2014; 21:778-90. [PMID: 25382666 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The organocatalytic enantioselective conjugate addition of secondary β-ketoamides to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is reported. Use of bifunctional Takemoto's thiourea catalyst allows enantiocontrol of the reaction leading either to simple Michael adducts or spirocyclic aminals in up to 99 % ee. The origin of the enantioselectivity has been rationalised based on combined DFT calculations and kinetic analysis. This study provides a deeper understanding of the reaction mechanism, which involves a predominant role of the secondary amide proton, and clarifies the complex interactions occurring between substrates and the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Quintard
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille (France). Fax: (+33) 491-289-187
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32
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Du H, Rodriguez J, Bugaut X, Constantieux T. Organocatalytic enantio- and diastereoselective conjugate addition to nitroolefins: when β-ketoamides surpass β-ketoesters. Chemistry 2014; 20:8458-66. [PMID: 24895115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our findings on the bifunctional squaramide-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of β-ketoamides to nitroolefins are disclosed. It appears that simple acyclic methylene β-ketoamides, unlike the extensively studied β-ketoesters, afford the products in excellent diastereoselectivities, and maintain high yields and enantioselectivities. Moreover, competition and kinetic studies were conducted to rationalize the observed reactivity and selectivity. The high level of diastereocontrol, along with the amenability of the amide group to postfunctionalization, dramatically increase the synthetic usefulness of the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Du
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille (France), Fax: (+33) 491-289-187
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33
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Arakawa Y, Fritz SP, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Stereoselective Synthesis of Acyclic γ-Nitrothioesters with All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3937-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500403q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Arakawa
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry,
D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sven P. Fritz
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry,
D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry,
D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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34
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Kótai B, Kardos G, Hamza A, Farkas V, Pápai I, Soós T. On the mechanism of bifunctional squaramide-catalyzed organocatalytic Michael addition: a protonated catalyst as an oxyanion hole. Chemistry 2014; 20:5631-9. [PMID: 24677388 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A joint experimental-theoretical study of a bifunctional squaramide-amine-catalyzed Michael addition reaction between 1,3-dioxo nucleophiles and nitrostyrene has been undertaken to gain insight into the nature of bifunctional organocatalytic activation. For this highly stereoselective reaction, three previously proposed mechanistic scenarios for the critical CC bond-formation step were examined. Accordingly, the formation of the major stereoisomeric products is most plausible by one of the bifunctional pathways that involve electrophile activation by the protonated amine group of the catalyst. However, some of the minor product isomers are also accessible through alternative reaction routes. Structural analysis of transition states points to the structural invariance of certain fragments of the transition state, such as the protonated catalyst and the anionic fragment of approaching reactants. Our topological analysis provides deeper insight and a more general understanding of bifunctional noncovalent organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Kótai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pusztaszeri út 59-67, H-1025 Budapest (Hungary), Fax: (+36) 1-438-1145
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