1
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Li L, Prindle CR, Shi W, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Radical Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18182-18204. [PMID: 37555594 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Radicals are unique molecular systems for applications in electronic devices due to their open-shell electronic structures. Radicals can function as good electrical conductors and switches in molecular circuits while also holding great promise in the field of molecular spintronics. However, it is both challenging to create stable, persistent radicals and to understand their properties in molecular junctions. The goal of this Perspective is to address this dual challenge by providing design principles for the synthesis of stable radicals relevant to molecular junctions, as well as offering current insight into the electronic properties of radicals in single-molecule devices. By exploring both the chemical and physical properties of established radical systems, we will facilitate increased exploration and development of radical-based molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Claudia R Prindle
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wanzhuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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2
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3
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Intorp SN, Hodecker M, Müller M, Tverskoy O, Rosenkranz M, Dmitrieva E, Popov AA, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Dreuw A, Bunz UHF. Quinoidal Azaacenes: 99 % Diradical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12396-12401. [PMID: 32190951 PMCID: PMC7384067 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Quinoidal azaacenes with almost pure diradical character (y=0.95 to y=0.99) were synthesized. All compounds exhibit paramagnetic behavior investigated by EPR and NMR spectroscopy, and SQUID measurements, revealing thermally populated triplet states with an extremely low-energy gap ΔEST' of 0.58 to 1.0 kcal mol-1 . The species are persistent in solution (half-life≈14-21 h) and in the solid state they are stable for weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian N. Intorp
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Manuel Hodecker
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches RechnenRuprecht Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 20569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of SpectroelectrochemistryLeibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) DresdenHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of SpectroelectrochemistryLeibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) DresdenHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Center of SpectroelectrochemistryLeibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) DresdenHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches RechnenRuprecht Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 20569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-UniversitätIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
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4
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Intorp SN, Hodecker M, Müller M, Tverskoy O, Rosenkranz M, Dmitrieva E, Popov AA, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Dreuw A, Bunz UHF. Quinoidal Azaacenes: 99 % Diradical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian N. Intorp
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Manuel Hodecker
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen Ruprecht Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen Ruprecht Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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5
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Wang Y, Guan J, Mei B, Fan M, Lu R, Du R, Chen K, Yao J, Jiang Z, Li H. Distribution of Spin Density on Phenoxyl Radicals Affects the Selectivity of Aerobic Oxygenation of Phenols. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3562-3569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bingbao Mei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Mengtian Fan
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Renfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kaizhou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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6
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Dunn PL, Johnson SI, Kaminsky W, Bullock RM. Diversion of Catalytic C-N Bond Formation to Catalytic Oxidation of NH 3 through Modification of the Hydrogen Atom Abstractor. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3361-3365. [PMID: 32009401 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report that (TMP)Ru(NH3)2 (TMP = tetramesitylporphryin) is a molecular catalyst for oxidation of ammonia to dinitrogen. An aryloxy radical, tri-tert-butylphenoxyl (ArO·), abstracts H atoms from a bound ammonia ligand of (TMP)Ru(NH3)2, leading to the discovery of a new catalytic C-N coupling to the para position of ArO· to form 4-amino-2,4,6-tri-tert-butylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one. Modification of the aryloxy radical to 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-tritylphenoxyl radical, which contains a trityl group at the para position, prevents C-N coupling and diverts the reaction to catalytic oxidation of NH3 to give N2. We achieved 125 ± 5 turnovers at 22 °C for oxidation of NH3, the highest turnover number (TON) reported to date for a molecular catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Dunn
- Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Samantha I Johnson
- Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700 , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - R Morris Bullock
- Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
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7
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Samanta D, Saha P, Ghosh P. Proton-Coupled Oxidation of Aldimines and Stabilization of H-Bonded Phenoxyl Radical-Phenol Skeletons. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15060-15077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
| | - Pinaki Saha
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
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8
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Wang J, Liu C, Liu X, Shao L, Zhang X. C―H···O hydrogen bonding interactions for sterically hindered phenols and their phenoxyl radicals. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang University Zaozhuang Shandong China
| | - Chunli Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang University Zaozhuang Shandong China
| | - Xuejing Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang University Zaozhuang Shandong China
| | - Linjun Shao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals ProcessShaoxing University Zhejiang China
| | - Xian‐Man Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang University Zaozhuang Shandong China
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9
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Bonanno NM, Poddutoori PK, Sato K, Sugisaki K, Takui T, Lough AJ, Lemaire MT. Reversible Solution π-Dimerization and Long Multicenter Bonding in a Stable Phenoxyl Radical. Chemistry 2018; 24:14906-14910. [PMID: 30040151 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reversible solution π-dimerization is observed in the stable neutral phenoxyl radical 2,6-bis-(8-quinolylamino)-4-(tert-butyl)phenoxyl baqp and is spectroscopically characterized. This behavior, not previously observed for π-extended phenoxyl radicals, is relevant to the formation of long multicenter bonding in the π-dimer at low temperature akin to previously reported phenalenyl radicals. Our experimental data are supported in a quantitative manner by results from density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular orbital theory calculations. Our theoretical results indicate that the solution dimer features strong bonding interactions between the two phenoxyl rings but that the stability of the dimer is also related to dispersion interactions between the flanking nearly parallel quinolyl rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico M Bonanno
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St.Catharines, Ontario, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugisaki
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Research Support Department/University Research Administrator Centre, University Administration Division, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Alan J Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Martin T Lemaire
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St.Catharines, Ontario, L2S3A1, Canada
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10
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McLoughlin EA, Waldie KM, Ramakrishnan S, Waymouth RM. Protonation of a Cobalt Phenylazopyridine Complex at the Ligand Yields a Proton, Hydride, and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reagent. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13233-13241. [PMID: 30285438 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protonation of the Co(I) phenylazopyridine (azpy) complex [CpCo(azpy)] 2 occurs at the azo nitrogen of the 2-phenylazopyridine ligand to generate the cationic Co(I) complex [CpCo(azpyH)]+ 3 with no change in oxidation state at Co. The N-H bond of 3 exhibits diverse hydrogen transfer reactivity, as studies with a variety of organic acceptors demonstrate that 3 can act as a proton, hydrogen atom, and hydride donor. The thermodynamics of all three cleavage modes for the N-H bond (i.e., proton, hydride, and hydrogen atom) were examined both experimentally and computationally. The N-H bond of 3 exhibits a p Ka of 12.1, a hydricity of Δ G°H- = 89 kcal/mol, and a bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of Δ G°H• = 68 kcal/mol in CD3CN. Hydride transfer from 3 to the trityl cation (Δ G°H- = 99 kcal/mol) is exergonic but takes several hours to reach completion, indicating that 3 is a relatively poor hydride donor, both kinetically and thermodynamically. Hydrogen atom transfer from 3 to 2,6-di- tert-butyl-4-(4'-nitrophenyl)phenoxyl radical (tBu2NPArO·, Δ G°H• = 77.8 kca/mol) occurs rapidly, illustrating the competence of 3 as a hydrogen atom donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A McLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kate M Waldie
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | | | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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11
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Porter TR, Hayes EC, Kaminsky W, Mayer JM. Sterically directed nitronate complexes of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenoxide with Cu( ii) and Zn( ii) and their H-atom transfer reactivity. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2551-2558. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bulky 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenolate ligand forms complexes with [TptBuCuII]+ and [TptBuZnII]+ binding via the nitro group in an unusual nitronato-quinone resonance form (TptBu = hydro-tris(3-tert-butyl-pyrazol-1-yl)borate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Porter
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire
| | - Ellen C. Hayes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
| | | | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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12
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Porter TR, Capitao D, Kaminsky W, Qian Z, Mayer JM. Synthesis, Radical Reactivity, and Thermochemistry of Monomeric Cu(II) Alkoxide Complexes Relevant to Cu/Radical Alcohol Oxidation Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5467-75. [PMID: 27171230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new monomeric Cu(II) alkoxide complexes were prepared and fully characterized as models for intermediates in copper/radical mediated alcohol oxidation catalysis: Tp(tBuR)Cu(II)OCH2CF3 with Tp(tBu) = hydro-tris(3-tert-butyl-pyrazol-1-yl)borate 1 or Tp(tBuMe) = hydro-tris(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl)borate 2. These complexes were made as models for potential intermediates in enzymatic and synthetic catalytic cycles for alcohol oxidation. However, the alkoxide ligands are not readily oxidized by loss of H; instead, these complexes were found to be hydrogen atom acceptors. They oxidize the hydroxylamine TEMPOH, 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenol, and 1,4-cyclohexadiene to the nitroxyl radical, phenoxyl radical, and benzene, with formation of HOCH2CF3 (TFE) and the Cu(I) complexes Tp(tBuR)Cu(I)-MeCN in dichloromethane/1% MeCN or 1/2 [Tp(tBuR)Cu(I)]2 in toluene. On the basis of thermodynamics and kinetics arguments, these reactions likely proceed through concerted proton-electron transfer mechanisms. Thermochemical analyses give lower limits for the "effective bond dissociation free energies (BDFE)" of the O-H bonds in 1/2[Tp(tBuR)Cu(I)]2 + TFE and upper limits for the free energies associated with alkoxide oxidations via hydrogen atom transfer (effective alkoxide α-C-H BDFEs). These values are summations of the free energies of multiple chemical steps, which include the energetically favorable formation of 1/2[Tp(tBuR)Cu(I)]2. The effective alkoxide α-C-H bonds are very weak, BDFE ≤ 38 ± 4 kcal mol(-1) for 1 and ≤44 ± 5 kcal mol(-1) for 2 (gas-phase estimates), because C-H homolysis is thermodynamically coupled to one electron transfer to Cu(II) as well as the favorable formation of the 1/2[Tp(tBuR)Cu(I)]2 dimer. Treating 1 with the H atom acceptor (t)Bu3ArO(•) did not result in the expected alkoxide oxidation to an aldehyde, but rather net 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyl radical transfer occurred to generate an unusual 2-substituted dienone-ether product. Treating 2 with (t)Bu3ArO(•) gives no reaction, despite evidence that overall ligand oxidation and formation of 1/2[Tp(tBuMe)Cu(I)]2 is significantly exoergic. The origin of this lack of reactivity may be due to insufficient weakening of the alcohol α-C-H bond upon complexation to copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Porter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dany Capitao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Zhaoshen Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James M Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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13
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Bonanno NM, Lough AJ, Prosser KE, Walsby CJ, Poddutoori PK, Lemaire MT. A stable open-shell redox active ditopic ligand. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:5460-3. [PMID: 26966736 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the synthesis, structure and electronic properties of an unusual redox-active ditopic ligand with a stable open-shell configuration. This stable phenoxyl radical features intense and very low energy electronic transitions in the near infrared (NIR) part of the spectrum and is structurally set up to strongly spin couple coordinated transition metal ions in [2 × 2] grid-type structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Bonanno
- Department of Chemistry, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada.
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14
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Tan TC, Neilan TG, Francis S, Plana JC, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Adults. Compr Physiol 2016; 5:1517-40. [PMID: 26140726 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines are one of the most commonly used antineoplastic agent classes, and a core part of the treatment in breast cancers, hematological malignancies, and sarcomas. Their benefit is decreased by their well-recognized cardiotoxicity. The purpose of this review is to outline the presentation, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity. Symptomatic heart failure occurs in 2% to 5% of patients treated with anthrayclines and may be higher in older patients or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. The mechanisms involved in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity involve myocyte loss by apoptosis in the presence of a limited regenerative capacity. Once symptomatic, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is associated with markedly decreased survival. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mostly determined using echocardiography, is used to monitor patients treated with anthracyclines. As more than 1/3 of patients treated with anthracyclines do not recover their baseline LVEF once it is decreased, more sensitive echocardiographic indices of LV function such as myocardial deformation or biomarkers have been studied in patients monitoring. Cardioprotective treatments such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, iron chelators, statins, and metformin are also the topic of research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Tan
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Blacktown Hospital, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Cardio-oncology program, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Division of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanjeev Francis
- Cardio-oncology program, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Division of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Plana
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Cardio-oncology program, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Aotake T, Suzuki M, Aratani N, Yuasa J, Kuzuhara D, Hayashi H, Nakano H, Kawai T, Wu J, Yamada H. 9,9′-Anthryl-anthroxyl radicals: strategic stabilization of highly reactive phenoxyl radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6734-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stable anthroxyl radical with a half-life over 10 days in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Aotake
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakano
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Sciences
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 812-8581
- Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Jishan Wu
- National University of Singapore
- 3 Science Drive 3
- Singapore
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
- CREST
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Hayashi H, Suzuki M, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Yamada H. Development and Application of Extended π-Conjugated Functional Materials for Solution-Processed Organic Devices. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
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