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Chlebosz D, Goldeman W, Janus K, Szuster M, Kiersnowski A. Synthesis, Solution, and Solid State Properties of Homological Dialkylated Naphthalene Diimides—A Systematic Review of Molecules for Next-Generation Organic Electronics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072940. [PMID: 37049703 PMCID: PMC10096413 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic study aimed at finding a correlation between molecular structure, solubility, self-assembly, and electronic properties of a homological series of N-alkylated naphthalene diimides (NDIs). NDIs are known for their n-type carrier mobility and, therefore, have potential in the field of organic electronics, photovoltaics, and sensors. For the purpose of this study, nine symmetrical N,N′-dialkylated naphthalene diimides (NDIC3-NDIC11) were synthesized in the reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with alkylamines ranging from propyl- to undecyl-. The NDIs were characterized by spectroscopic (NMR, UV-Vis, FTIR), microscopic, and thermal methods (TGA and DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Our experimental study, extensively referring to findings reported in the literature, indicated that the NDIs revealed specific trends in spectroscopic and thermal properties as well as solubility and crystal morphology. The solubility in good solvents (chloroform, toluene, dichlorobenzene) was found to be the highest for the NDIs substituted with the medium-length alkyl chains (NDIC5–NDIC8). Systematic FTIR and XRD studies unraveled a distinct parity effect related to the packing of NDI molecules with odd or even numbers of methylene groups in the alkyl substituents. The NDIs with an even number of methylene groups in the alkyl substituents revealed low-symmetry (P1−) triclinic packing, whereas those with an odd number of carbon atoms were generally monoclinic with P21/c symmetry. The odd–even parity effect also manifested itself in the overlapping of the NDIs’ aromatic cores and, hence, the π-π stacking distance (dπ-π). The odd-numbered NDIs generally revealed slightly smaller dπ-π values then the even-numbered ones. Testing the NDIs using standardized field-effect transistors and unified procedures revealed that the n-type mobility in NDIC6, NDIC7, and NDIC8 was 10- to 30-fold higher than for the NDIs with shorter or longer alkyl substituents. Our experimental results indicate that N,N′-alkylated NDIs reveal an optimum range of alkyl chain length in terms of solution processability and charge transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chlebosz
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Janus
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michał Szuster
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kiersnowski
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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2
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Selective Binding and Redox-Activity on Parallel G-Quadruplexes by Pegylated Naphthalene Diimide-Copper Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165025. [PMID: 34443620 PMCID: PMC8397950 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are higher-order supramolecular structures, biologically important in the regulation of many key processes. Among all, the recent discoveries relating to RNA-G4s, including their potential involvement as antiviral targets against COVID-19, have triggered the ever-increasing need to develop selective molecules able to interact with parallel G4s. Naphthalene diimides (NDIs) are widely exploited as G4 ligands, being able to induce and strongly stabilize these structures. Sometimes, a reversible NDI-G4 interaction is also associated with an irreversible one, due to the cleavage and/or modification of G4s by functional-NDIs. This is the case of NDI-Cu-DETA, a copper(II) complex able to cleave G4s in the closest proximity to the target binding site. Herein, we present two original Cu(II)-NDI complexes, inspired by NDI-Cu-DETA, differently functionalized with 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol side-chains, to selectively drive redox-catalyzed activity towards parallel G4s. The selective interaction toward parallel G4 topology, controlled by the presence of 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol side chains, was already firmly demonstrated by us using core-extended NDIs. In the present study, the presence of protonable moieties and the copper(II) cavity, increases the binding affinity and specificity of these two NDIs for a telomeric RNA-G4. Once defined the copper coordination relationship and binding constants by competition titrations, ability in G4 stabilization, and ROS-induced cleavage were analyzed. The propensity in the stabilization of parallel topology was highlighted for both of the new compounds HP2Cu and PE2Cu. The results obtained are particularly promising, paving the way for the development of new selective functional ligands for binding and destructuring parallel G4s.
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3
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Zhang G, Xue N, Gu W, Yang X, Lv A, Zheng Y, Zhang L. Regiocontrolled dimerization of asymmetric diazaheptacene derivatives toward X-shaped porous semiconductors. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11235-11243. [PMID: 34094364 PMCID: PMC8162510 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03744c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformationally rigid X-shaped PAHs are attracting interest due to their self-assembly into unique networks and as models to study through-space exciton and charge delocalization in one single molecule. We report here the synthesis of X-shaped PAHs by dimerization of diazaheptacene diimides. The diimide groups are employed to effectively direct the self-assembly into antiparallel dimer aggregates, which assist the compounds to undergo a regiocontrolled [4 + 4] dimerization, leading to an X-shaped conformation bearing electron-poor and -rich subunits. The resulting PAHs are found to pack in 2D layers with large open channels and infinite π⋯π arrays. Furthermore, these highly crystalline porous materials serve as electron-transporting materials in OFETs due to the long-range π-stacked arrays in the layers. This work presents a potentially generalizable strategy, which may provide a unique class of porous semiconductors for organic devices, taking advantage of their open channels. The synthesis of conformationally rigid X-shaped PAHs by regiocontrolled cyclodimerization of diazaheptacene diimides is presented. The resulting porous materials exhibit enhanced semiconducting behaviors with large open channels.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Xingzhou Yang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu 610054 P. R. China
| | - Aifeng Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu 610054 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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4
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Tassinari M, Zuffo M, Nadai M, Pirota V, Sevilla Montalvo AC, Doria F, Freccero M, Richter SN. Selective targeting of mutually exclusive DNA G-quadruplexes: HIV-1 LTR as paradigmatic model. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4627-4642. [PMID: 32282912 PMCID: PMC7229848 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting of G-quadruplexes, non-canonical conformations that form in G-rich regions of nucleic acids, has been proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy toward several diseases, including cancer and infections. The unavailability of highly selective molecules targeting a G-quadruplex of choice has hampered relevant applications. Herein, we describe a novel approach, based on naphthalene diimide (NDI)-peptide nucleic acid (PNA) conjugates, taking advantage of the cooperative interaction of the NDI with the G-quadruplex structure and hybridization of the PNA with the flanking region upstream or downstream the targeted G-quadruplex. By biophysical and biomolecular assays, we show that the NDI-PNA conjugates are able to specifically recognize the G-quadruplex of choice within the HIV-1 LTR region, consisting of overlapping and therefore mutually exclusive G-quadruplexes. Additionally, the conjugates can induce and stabilize the least populated G-quadruplex at the expenses of the more stable ones. The general and straightforward design and synthesis, which readily apply to any G4 target of choice, together with both the red-fluorescent emission and the possibility to introduce cellular localization signals, make the novel conjugates available to selectively control G-quadruplex folding over a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tassinari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Zuffo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, v. le Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Nadai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Pirota
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, v. le Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Doria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, v. le Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, v. le Taramelli 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara N Richter
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
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5
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Zhang C, Wang Z, Li H, Lu J, Zhang Q. Recent progress in the usage of tetrabromo-substituted naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as a building block to construct organic semiconductors and their applications. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent synthetic strategies and significant applications of TBNDA and their derivatives as promising building blocks to construct π-expanded semiconductors have been carefully summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Zongrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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6
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Luo H, He D, Zhang Y, Wang S, Gao H, Yan J, Cao Y, Cai Z, Tan L, Wu S, Wang L, Liu Z. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Core-Expanded Bis-Naphthalene Tetracarboxylic Diimides. Org Lett 2019; 21:9734-9737. [PMID: 31747296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly reactive bis-naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (bis-NDI) intermediate, TBrDNDI, was designed and synthesized for core-expanded NDIs. Based on this intermediate, we achieved 9- and 11-membered core-expanded bis-NDI derivatives. Through expanding the NDI core and introducing electron-donor or electron-acceptor groups, the frontier energy orbitals, optical and electrical properties of these bis-NDIs can be finely tuned to obtain air-stable ambipolar or n-type materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Luo
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Dongdong He
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Haili Gao
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Ji Yan
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Yang Cao
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Material Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Luxi Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - Shide Wu
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratories for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratories of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
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7
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Zuffo M, Guédin A, Leriche ED, Doria F, Pirota V, Gabelica V, Mergny JL, Freccero M. More is not always better: finding the right trade-off between affinity and selectivity of a G-quadruplex ligand. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:e115. [PMID: 29986058 PMCID: PMC6212845 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences can fold into four-stranded G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Despite growing evidence for their biological significance, considerable work still needs to be done to detail their cellular occurrence and functions. Herein, we describe an optimized core-extended naphthalene diimide (cex-NDI) to be exploited as a G4 light-up sensor. The sensing mechanism relies on the shift of the aggregate-monomer equilibrium towards the bright monomeric state upon G4 binding. In contrast with the majority of other ligands, this novel cex-NDI is able to discriminate among G4s with different topologies, with a remarkable fluorescent response for the parallel ones. We investigate this sensing by means of biophysical methods, comparing the lead compound to a non-selective analogue. We demonstrate that mitigating the affinity of the binding core for G4s results in an increased selectivity and sensitivity of the fluorescent response. This is achieved by replacing positively charged substituents with diethylene glycol (DEG) side chains. Remarkably, the limit of detection values obtained for parallel G4s are more than one order of magnitude lower than those of the parallel-selective ligand N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM). Interestingly, the classical fluorescent intercalator displacement (FID) assay failed to reveal binding of cex-NDI to G4 because of the presence a ternary complex (G4-TO-cex-NDI) revealed by electrospray-MS. Our study thus provides a rational basis to design or modify existent scaffolds to redirect the binding preference of G4 ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Zuffo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Aurore Guédin
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Emma-Dune Leriche
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Valentina Pirota
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France.,Institute of Biophysics, AS CR, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
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8
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Naphthalene Diimides as Multimodal G-Quadruplex-Selective Ligands. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030426. [PMID: 30682828 PMCID: PMC6384834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes are four-stranded nucleic acids structures that can form in guanine-rich sequences. Following the observation that G-quadruplexes are particularly abundant in genomic regions related to cancer, such as telomeres and oncogenes promoters, several G-quadruplex-binding molecules have been developed for therapeutic purposes. Among them, naphthalene diimide derivatives have reported versatility, consistent selectivity and high affinity toward the G-quadruplex structures. In this review, we present the chemical features, synthesis and peculiar optoelectronic properties (absorption, emission, redox) that make naphtalene diimides so versatile for biomedical applications. We present the latest developments on naphthalene diimides as G-quadruplex ligands, focusing on their ability to bind G-quadruplexes at telomeres and oncogene promoters with consequent anticancer activity. Their different binding modes (reversible versus irreversible/covalent) towards G-quadruplexes and their additional use as antimicrobial agents are also presented and discussed.
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9
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Korzec M, Kotowicz S, Łaba K, Łapkowski M, Małecki JG, Smolarek K, Maćkowski S, Schab-Balcerzak E. Naphthalene Diimides Prepared by a Straightforward Method and Their Characterization for Organic Electronics. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Korzec
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łaba
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Polish Academy of Sciences; 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 41-819 Zabrze Poland
| | - Mieczysław Łapkowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Polish Academy of Sciences; 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 41-819 Zabrze Poland
| | - Jan Grzegorz Małecki
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
| | - Karolina Smolarek
- Institute of Physics; Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics; Nicolaus Copernicus University; 5 Grudziadzka Str. 87-100 Torun Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics; Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics; Nicolaus Copernicus University; 5 Grudziadzka Str. 87-100 Torun Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Silesia; 9 Szkolna Str. 40-006 Katowice Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Polish Academy of Sciences; 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 41-819 Zabrze Poland
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10
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de la Peña A, Arrechea-Marcos I, Mancheño MJ, Ruiz Delgado MC, López Navarrete JT, Segura JL, Ponce Ortiz R. Tuning of the Electronic Levels of Oligothiophene-Naphthalimide Assemblies by Chemical Modification. Chemistry 2016; 22:13643-52. [PMID: 27430480 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inversion of the connections of amidine linkers combined with controlled oligothiophene chain catenation in oligothiophene-naphthalimide assemblies provides an efficient method to tune the HOMO and LUMO values in this type of assemblies. This modification also suppresses the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band normally found in this type of derivatives, also delocalizing the frontier molecular orbitals over the whole conjugated skeleton. The resultant assemblies were used in the fabrication of field-effect transistors, which showed well-balanced ambipolar transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro de la Peña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | | - María J Mancheño
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | | | | - José L Segura
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
| | - Rocío Ponce Ortiz
- Departament of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Malaga, 29071, Spain.
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11
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Yuan Z, Ma Y, Geßner T, Li M, Chen L, Eustachi M, Weitz RT, Li C, Müllen K. Core-Fluorinated Naphthalene Diimides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Org Lett 2016; 18:456-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yingjie Ma
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Mengmeng Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Long Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Chen Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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12
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Perrone R, Doria F, Butovskaya E, Frasson I, Botti S, Scalabrin M, Lago S, Grande V, Nadai M, Freccero M, Richter SN. Synthesis, Binding and Antiviral Properties of Potent Core-Extended Naphthalene Diimides Targeting the HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeat Promoter G-Quadruplexes. J Med Chem 2015; 58:9639-52. [PMID: 26599611 PMCID: PMC4690987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We have previously reported that
stabilization of the G-quadruplex
structures in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter suppresses
viral transcription. Here we sought to develop new G-quadruplex ligands
to be exploited as antiviral compounds by enhancing binding toward
the viral G-quadruplex structures. We synthesized naphthalene diimide
derivatives with a lateral expansion of the aromatic core. The new
compounds were able to bind/stabilize the G-quadruplex to a high extent,
and some of them displayed clear-cut selectivity toward the viral
G-quadruplexes with respect to the human telomeric G-quadruplexes.
This feature translated into low nanomolar anti-HIV-1 activity toward
two viral strains and encouraging selectivity indexes. The selectivity
depended on specific recognition of LTR loop residues; the mechanism
of action was ascribed to inhibition of LTR promoter activity in cells.
This is the first example of G-quadruplex ligands that show increased
selectivity toward the viral G-quadruplexes and display remarkable
antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Perrone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Doria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Butovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Frasson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Botti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Scalabrin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Lago
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Nadai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara N Richter
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua , via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
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13
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Wu S, Zhong F, Zhao J, Guo S, Yang W, Fyles T. Broadband Visible Light-Harvesting Naphthalenediimide (NDI) Triad: Study of the Intra-/Intermolecular Energy/Electron Transfer and the Triplet Excited State. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4787-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Song Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tom Fyles
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, Canada V8W 3V6
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14
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Doria F, Folini M, Grande V, Cimino-Reale G, Zaffaroni N, Freccero M. Naphthalene diimides as red fluorescent pH sensors for functional cell imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:570-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02054e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble naphthalene diimides have been designed and synthesized as cell permeable pH “turned-on” fluorescent sensors for cellular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università di Pavia
- 27100 Pavia
- Italy
| | - Marco Folini
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
- Milano
- Italy
| | | | - Graziella Cimino-Reale
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
- Milano
- Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
- Milano
- Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università di Pavia
- 27100 Pavia
- Italy
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15
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Leng B, Lu D, Jia X, Yang X, Gao X. Synthesis of monolateral and bilateral sulfur-heterocycle fused naphthalene diimides (NDIs) from monobromo and dibromo NDIs. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monolateral and bilateral sulfur-heterocycle fused naphthalene diimides (NDIs) are successfully synthesized from monobromo and dibromo NDIs via nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions and the subsequent oxidative aromatization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Leng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Dong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Xike Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
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16
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Nadai M, Doria F, Germani L, Richter SN, Freccero M. A Photoreactive G-Quadruplex Ligand Triggered by Green Light. Chemistry 2014; 21:2330-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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George L, Ahmed Z, Lemmetyinen H, Efimov A. Controlled Regioselective Amination of Peryleneimides. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Rombouts JA, Ravensbergen J, Frese RN, Kennis JTM, Ehlers AW, Slootweg JC, Ruijter E, Lammertsma K, Orru RVA. Synthesis and Photophysics of a Red-Light Absorbing Supramolecular Chromophore System. Chemistry 2014; 20:10285-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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19
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Suraru SL, Würthner F. Strategies for the synthesis of functional naphthalene diimides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7428-48. [PMID: 24961807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Naphthalene diimides, which have for a long time been in the shadow of their higher homologues the perylene diimides, currently belong to the most investigated classes of organic compounds. This is primarily due to the initial synthetic studies on core functionalization that were carried out at the beginning of the last decade, which facilitated diverse structural modifications of the naphthalene scaffold. Compounds with greatly modified optical and electronic properties that can be easily and effectively modulated by appropriate functionalization were made accessible through relatively little synthetic effort. This resulted in diverse interesting applications. The electron-deficient character of these compounds makes them highly valuable, particularly in the field of organic electronics as air-stable n-type semiconductors, while absorption bands over the whole visible spectral range through the introduction of core substituents enabled interesting photosystems and photovoltaic applications. This Review provides an overview on different approaches towards core functionalization as well as on synthetic strategies for the core expansion of naphthalene diimides that have been developed mainly in the last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin-Lucian Suraru
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
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20
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Suraru SL, Würthner F. Strategien für die Synthese funktioneller Naphthalindiimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Villamaina D, Kelson MMA, Bhosale SV, Vauthey E. Excitation wavelength dependence of the charge separation pathways in tetraporphyrin-naphthalene diimide pentads. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:5188-200. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Suraru SL, Burschka C, Würthner F. Diindole-Annulated Naphthalene Diimides: Synthesis and Optical and Electronic Properties of Syn- and Anti-Isomers. J Org Chem 2013; 79:128-39. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402365s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabin-Lucian Suraru
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Burschka
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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23
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Suseela Y, Sasikumar M, Govindaraju T. An effective and regioselective bromination of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride using tribromoisocyanuric acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Doria F, Manet I, Grande V, Monti S, Freccero M. Water-Soluble Naphthalene Diimides as Singlet Oxygen Sensitizers. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8065-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401347z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Pavia, V. le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilse Manet
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica
e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grande
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Pavia, V. le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandra Monti
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica
e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università
di Pavia, V. le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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25
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Sasikumar M, Suseela YV, Govindaraju T. Dibromohydantoin: A Convenient Brominating Reagent for 1,4,5,8-Naphthalenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Doria F, Gallati CM, Freccero M. Hydrosoluble and solvatochromic naphthalene diimides with NIR absorption. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:7838-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Ma L, Guo S, Sun J, Zhang C, Zhao J, Guo H. Green light-excitable naphthalenediimide acetylide-containing cyclometalated Ir(iii) complex with long-lived triplet excited states as triplet photosensitizers for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:6478-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32815e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Higginbotham HF, Cox RP, Sandanayake S, Graystone BA, Langford SJ, Bell TDM. A fluorescent “2 in 1” proton sensor and polarity probe based on core substituted naphthalene diimide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5061-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41622d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Doria F, Nadai M, Folini M, Scalabrin M, Germani L, Sattin G, Mella M, Palumbo M, Zaffaroni N, Fabris D, Freccero M, Richter SN. Targeting loop adenines in G-quadruplex by a selective oxirane. Chemistry 2012; 19:78-81. [PMID: 23212868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Caught in the oxirane: Naphthalene diimides conjugated to a quinone methide and an oxirane have been synthesized and investigated as selective DNA G-quadruplex alkylating agents. The oxirane derivative generates a stable adduct with a G-quadruplex and shows selective alkylation of the loop adenines, as illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Matteo Nadai
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Folini
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale e Medicina Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42,20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Scalabrin
- The RNA Institute of University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, New York
| | - Luca Germani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Giovanna Sattin
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Mariella Mella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Manlio Palumbo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale e Medicina Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42,20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Fabris
- The RNA Institute of University at Albany (SUNY), Albany, New York
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Sara N Richter
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
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30
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Zhu M, Zhang J, Yu G, Chen H, Huang J, Liu Y. Dialkyl-14H-benzo[4,5]isoquino[2,3-a]perimidin-14-one-3,4,10,11-tetracarboxylic diimides: A New Family ofn-Type Organic Semiconductors. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2208-12. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Doria F, Nadai M, Sattin G, Pasotti L, Richter SN, Freccero M. Water soluble extended naphthalene diimides as pH fluorescent sensors and G-quadruplex ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3830-40. [PMID: 22469919 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07006e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extended naphthalene diimides (NDIs) fused to 1,4-dihydropyrazine-2,3-dione, containing two solubilizing moieties, have been synthesized. Fluorescence spectra of the new NDIs were remarkably affected by pH, as the second deprotonation of the dihydropyrazinedione moiety (pK(a) 6.9) switched off the emission. Binding to a G-quadruplex folded oligonucleotide and stoichiometry were evaluated by FRET melting assay and CD analysis. G-quadruplex binding was strongly enhanced shifting from pH 7.4 to pH 6.0 as a consequence of the dihydropyrazinedione moiety protonation. Cytotoxicity studies using two human telomerase-positive cell lines (HT29 and A549) revealed that the best G-quadruplex ligand was very active against the colon cell line, with an EC(50) of 300 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Doria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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32
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Guo S, Wu W, Guo H, Zhao J. Room-Temperature Long-Lived Triplet Excited States of Naphthalenediimides and Their Applications as Organic Triplet Photosensitizers for Photooxidation and Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversions. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3933-43. [PMID: 22439855 DOI: 10.1021/jo3003002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,
School of Chemical
Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People's Republic
of China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,
School of Chemical
Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People's Republic
of China
| | - Huimin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,
School of Chemical
Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People's Republic
of China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,
School of Chemical
Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People's Republic
of China
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33
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Zhao Y, Ye C, Qiao Y, Xu W, Song Y, Zhu D. A novel donor–acceptor molecule containing a cyclic triphenylamine dimer: synthesis, characterization, and application in memory device. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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Cai K, Yan Q, Zhao D. Large hydroazaacene diimides: synthesis, tautomerism, halochromism, and redox-switchable NIR optics. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21142d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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35
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Nadai M, Doria F, Di Antonio M, Sattin G, Germani L, Percivalle C, Palumbo M, Richter SN, Freccero M. Naphthalene diimide scaffolds with dual reversible and covalent interaction properties towards G-quadruplex. Biochimie 2011; 93:1328-40. [PMID: 21699955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Selective recognition and alkylation of G-quadruplex oligonucleotides has been achieved by substituted naphathalene diimides (NDIs) conjugated to engineered phenol moieties by alkyl-amido spacers with tunable length and conformational mobility. FRET-melting assays, circular dichroism titrations and gel electrophoresis analysis have been carried out to evaluate both reversible stabilization and alkylation of the G-quadruplex. The NDIs conjugated to a quinone methide precursor (NDI-QMP) and a phenol moiety by the shortest alkyl-amido spacer exhibited a planar and fairly rigid geometry (modelled by DFT computation). They were the best irreversible and reversible G-quadruplex binders, respectively. The above NDI-QMP was able to alkylate the telomeric G-quadruplex DNA in the nanomolar range and resulted 100-1000 times more selective on G-quadruplex versus single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides. This compound was also the most cytotoxic against a lung carcinoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Nadai
- Dipartimento di Istologia, Microbiologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, via Gabelli 63, Padua, Italy
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36
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Avinash MB, Govindaraju T. A bio-inspired design strategy: Organization of tryptophan-appended naphthalenediimide into well-defined architectures induced by molecular interactions. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:2536-43. [PMID: 21270990 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00766h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of molecular assemblies involves weak yet complex non-covalent interactions, and the molecular organization of the π-conjugated material is crucial in determining the performance of an organic electronic device. Herein we demonstrate a bioinspired design strategy to tune the self-assembly of naphthalenediimides (NDIs) by minute structural variations, π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions and metal interactions. We address some of the limitations associated with current design strategies, such as restriction to a specific molecular interaction or the difficulty in controlling the assembly due to several complicated intermolecular interactions. Hydrophobic-effect-induced J-type aggregation and sodium-interaction-induced H-type aggregation of tryptophan-appended NDIs have been illustrated. (1)H NMR spectra further reveal sodium cation-π interactions in tryptophan-appended NDIs, while NMR and IR spectroscopic studies confirm the structural variations associated with the molecular assembly. In summary, the molecular organization has been successfully transformed from nanospheres to particles, nanobelts, fibers and fractals. Such drastic changes in the morphology are clear and striking evidence of the importance of non-trivial weak non-covalent forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Avinash
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
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37
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Suraru SL, Zschieschang U, Klauk H, Würthner F. A core-extended naphthalene diimide as a p-channel semiconductor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11504-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15144d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Bhosale SV, Jani CH, Lalander CH, Langford SJ, Nerush I, Shapter JG, Villamaina D, Vauthey E. Supramolecular construction of vesicles based on core-substituted naphthalene diimide appended with triethyleneglycol motifs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:8226-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11318f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Yin J, Zhang K, Jiao C, Li J, Chi C, Wu J. Synthesis of functionalized tetracene dicarboxylic imides. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Langhals H, Kinzel S. Laterally Extended Naphthalene Tetracarboxylic Bisimides. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7781-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101520a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Langhals
- Department of Chemistry, LMU University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Kinzel
- Department of Chemistry, LMU University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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41
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Yue W, Zhen Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Lv A, Wang Z. One-Pot Synthesis of Well-Defined Oligo- Butadiynylene-Naphthalene Diimides. Org Lett 2010; 12:3460-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol101280e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yonggang Zhen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Aifeng Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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42
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Sakai N, Mareda J, Vauthey E, Matile S. Core-substituted naphthalenediimides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4225-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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