1
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Pausch T, David T, Fleck-Kunde T, Pols H, Gurke J, Schmidt BM. Multifold Post-Modification of Macrocycles and Cages by Isocyanate-Induced Azadefluorination Cyclisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318362. [PMID: 38294139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We present the multiple post-modification of organic macrocycles and cages, introducing functional groups into two- and three-dimensional supramolecular scaffolds bearing fluorine substituents, which opens up new possibilities in multi-step supramolecular chemistry employing the vast chemical space of readily available isocyanates. The mechanism and scope of the reaction that proceeds after isocyanate addition to the benzylamine motif via an azadefluorination cyclisation (ADFC) were investigated using DFT calculations, and a series of aromatic isocyanates with different electronic properties were tested. The compounds show excellent chemical stability and were fully characterised. They can be used for subsequent cross-coupling reactions, and ADFC can be used directly to generate cross-linked membranes from macrocycles or cages when using ditopic isocyanates. Single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) analysis shows the proof of the formation of the desired supramolecular entity together with the connectivity predicted by calculations and from 19F NMR shifts, allowing the late-stage functionalisation of self-assembled macrocycles and cages by ADFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim David
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Fleck-Kunde
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik Pols
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Gurke
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Madassery GP, M V, Panja S, P H, Dey R. Metal‐Free Synthesis of S‐Aryldithiocarbamates: Aryl C−S Bond Formation at Room Temperature†. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geo Paul Madassery
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode 673601 India
| | - Vageesh M
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode 673601 India
| | - Subir Panja
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science School of Chemical Sciences Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Hima P
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode 673601 India
| | - Raju Dey
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode 673601 India
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3
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Sandeep K, Siva Reddy A, Kumara Swamy KC. Palladium-catalysed cyclisation of ynamides and propargyl tethered iodosulfonamides with boronic acids leading to benzosultams. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6871-6882. [PMID: 34323909 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00925g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and straightforward Pd-catalysed synthesis of diversely substituted sultams utilising ynamides and boronic acids is disclosed; toluene was found to be the most suitable solvent for this transformation. This strategy has been successfully applied to generate dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazole 1,1-dioxides and dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2]thiazine 1,1-dioxides. The advantages of this protocol are good functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, high-yielding reaction and low catalyst loading to access benzofused sultams with five-/six-membered rings. The synthetic utility has been demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis. A plausible catalytic cycle involving carbopalladation has been proposed for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sandeep
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - Alla Siva Reddy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - K C Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
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4
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Wolff B, Jänsch N, Sugiarto WO, Frühschulz S, Lang M, Altintas R, Oehme I, Meyer-Almes FJ. Synthesis and structure activity relationship of 1, 3-benzo-thiazine-2-thiones as selective HDAC8 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Sandeep K, Siva Reddy A, Kumara Swamy KC. Cu(i) catalysed annulation of isothiocyanates/isocyanates with 2-iodo-sulfonamides: synthesis of benzodithiazines, benzothiadiazinones, benzothiazinylidene-anilines and benzothiazolylidene-anilines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6880-6894. [PMID: 31270513 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Cu(i)-catalysed cyclisation reaction of 2-iodobenzene sulfonamides with aryl-isothiocyanates and isocyanates that affords functionalised benzodithiazines and benzothiadiazinones, respectively, has been developed. Thus, in the reaction with aryl isothiocyanates (Ar-N[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]S), the C[double bond, length as m-dash]S moiety participates in the cyclisation leading to a dithiazine. By contrast, in the case of aryl isocyanates (Ar-N[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]O), the N[double bond, length as m-dash]C part is involved in the cyclisation and a thiadiazinone is obtained. Analogous reactions of isothiocyanates with N-tosyl-2-iodo-anilines and 2-iodo-benzyl sulfonamides afford (benzothiazin-2-ylidene)anilines and (benzothiazol-2-ylidene)anilines, respectively. Probable mechanistic pathways are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sandeep
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - Alla Siva Reddy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - K C Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
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6
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Guo X, Wang L, Hu J, Zhang M. CuI nanoparticle-catalyzed synthesis of tetracyclic benzo[ e]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2- c][1,3]thiazin-6-imine heterocycles by S NAr-type C-S, C-N bond formation from isothiocyanatobenzenes and benzimidazoles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22259-22267. [PMID: 35541714 PMCID: PMC9081286 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02552e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a simple and practical synthesis of benzo[e]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]thiazin-6-imine tetracyclic heterocycles via a CuI nanoparticle-catalyzed intramolecular C(sp2)-S coupling reaction is presented. This strategy provides a straightforward method for synthesizing analogs of the anti-HIV drug 3,4-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182). The reaction rate and yield were increased by employing CuI nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
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7
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Copper-catalyzed C–N coupling/C–H functionalization: A tandem approach to azole-fused quinazoline derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Remennikov GY. Transformations of Di- and Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives into Condensed Heterocycles with Retention of their Partially Saturated Structure. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Soria-Castro SM, Bisogno FR, Peñéñory AB. Versatile one-pot synthesis of benzo-fused thiacycles by copper catalysis. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00776g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-substituted benzo[e][1,3]thiazines and 2-substituted benzo[b]thiophenes were synthesized using a versatile, simple and efficient copper-catalysed methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M. Soria-Castro
- INFIQC
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
- X5000HUA Córdoba
| | - Fabricio R. Bisogno
- INFIQC
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
- X5000HUA Córdoba
| | - Alicia B. Peñéñory
- INFIQC
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
- X5000HUA Córdoba
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10
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Kleinschek A, Meyners C, Digiorgio E, Brancolini C, Meyer‐Almes F. Potent and Selective Non‐hydroxamate Histone Deacetylase 8 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2598-2606. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kleinschek
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Eros Digiorgio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Franz‐Josef Meyer‐Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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11
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Inhibitors of the Hydrolytic Enzyme Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH): Discovery, Synthesis and Development. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050615. [PMID: 27187323 PMCID: PMC6273216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is a highly conserved hydrolytic enzyme found in numerous species, including bacteria, rodents, and humans. In humans, the DDAH-1 isoform is known to metabolize endogenous asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and monomethyl arginine (l-NMMA), with ADMA proposed to be a putative marker of cardiovascular disease. Current literature reports identify the DDAH family of enzymes as a potential therapeutic target in the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) production, mediated via its biochemical interaction with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes. Increased DDAH expression and NO production have been linked to multiple pathological conditions, specifically, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and septic shock. As such, the discovery, chemical synthesis, and development of DDAH inhibitors as potential drug candidates represent a growing field of interest. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on DDAH inhibition and the derived pharmacokinetic parameters of the main DDAH inhibitors reported in the literature. Furthermore, current methods of development and chemical synthetic pathways are discussed.
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12
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Okazaki S, Oishi S, Mizuhara T, Shimura K, Murayama H, Ohno H, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Investigations of possible prodrug structures for 2-(2-mercaptophenyl)tetrahydropyrimidines: reductive conversion from anti-HIV agents with pyrimidobenzothiazine and isothiazolopyrimidine scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4706-13. [PMID: 25800792 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00301f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182) and 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine are the heterocyclic antiretroviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. On the basis of similar structure-activity relationships of anti-HIV activities toward the early-stage of viral infection between these unique scaffolds, the transformations under the bioassay conditions were investigated. The distinctive S-N bond in the isothiazolopyrimidine scaffold was immediately cleaved under reductive conditions in the presence of GSH to generate a thiophenol derivative. A similar rapid conversion of PD 404182 into the same thiophenol derivative was observed, suggesting that pyrimidobenzothiazine and isothiazolopyrimidine scaffolds may work as prodrug forms of the common bioactive thiophenol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Okazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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13
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Facile microwave-assisted synthesis of 1H-pyrazino[1,2-a]quinoxaline-1,5(6H)-dione derivatives via a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Chen WL, Chen CY, Chen YF, Hsieh JC. Hydride-induced anionic cyclization: an efficient method for the synthesis of 6-H-phenanthridines via a transition-metal-free process. Org Lett 2015; 17:1613-6. [PMID: 25763919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel procedure for hydride-induced anionic cyclization has been developed. It includes the reduction of a biaryl bromo-nitrile with a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S(N)Ar). A range of polysubstituted 6-H-phenanthridines were so obtained in moderate to good yield with good substrate tolerance. This method involves a concise transition-metal-free process and was applied to synthesize natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Fu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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15
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Okazaki S, Mizuhara T, Shimura K, Murayama H, Ohno H, Oishi S, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Identification of anti-HIV agents with a novel benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1447-52. [PMID: 25744188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine is a newly identified antiviral agent against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, derived from 3,4-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182). The introduction of the hydrophobic 8-aryl substituent on the benzene substructure improved its anti-HIV activity, resulting in the identification of 6-fold more potent analogs. In addition, it was demonstrated that these isothiazolopyrimidine derivatives exert anti-HIV effects at an early stage of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Okazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mizuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimura
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroto Murayama
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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16
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Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, Bobardt M, Moncla B, Mankowski MK, Ptak RG, Gallay P, Chen Z. Evaluation of PD 404,182 as an anti-HIV and anti-herpes simplex virus microbicide. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 58:687-97. [PMID: 24217696 PMCID: PMC3910842 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02000-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PD 404,182 (PD) is a synthetic compound that was found to compromise HIV integrity via interaction with a nonenvelope protein viral structural component (A. M. Chamoun et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56:672-681, 2012). The present study evaluates the potential of PD as an anti-HIV microbicide and establishes PD's virucidal activity toward another pathogen, herpes simplex virus (HSV). We show that the anti-HIV-1 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PD, when diluted in seminal plasma, is ∼1 μM, similar to the IC50 determined in cell culture growth medium, and that PD retains full anti-HIV-1 activity after incubation in cervical fluid at 37°C for at least 24 h. In addition, PD is nontoxic toward vaginal commensal Lactobacillus species (50% cytotoxic concentration [CC50], >300 μM), freshly activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (CC50, ∼200 μM), and primary CD4(+) T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (CC50, >300 μM). PD also exhibited high stability in pH-adjusted Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline with little to no activity loss after 8 weeks at pH 4 and 42°C, indicating suitability for formulation for transportation and storage in developing countries. Finally, for the first time, we show that PD inactivates herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 at submicromolar concentrations. Due to the prevalence of HSV infection, the ability of PD to inactivate HSV may provide an additional incentive for use as a microbicide. The ability of PD to inactivate both HIV-1 and HSV, combined with its low toxicity and high stability, warrants additional studies for the evaluation of PD's microbicidal candidacy in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Chamoun-Emanuelli
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Bobardt
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, IMM-9, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bernard Moncla
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, and Magee-Womens Research Institute Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marie K. Mankowski
- Southern Research Institute, Infectious Disease Research Department, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Roger G. Ptak
- Southern Research Institute, Infectious Disease Research Department, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, IMM-9, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zhilei Chen
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Pathogenesis, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
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17
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Ghebremariam YT, Erlanson DA, Cooke JP. A novel and potent inhibitor of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase: a modulator of cardiovascular nitric oxide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 348:69-76. [PMID: 24135074 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.206847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PD 404182 [6H-6-imino-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrimido)[1,2-c]-[1,3]benzothiazine], a heterocyclic iminobenzothiazine derivative, is a member of the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) that is reported to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we used biochemical assays to screen LOPAC against human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase isoform 1 (DDAH1), an enzyme that physiologically metabolizes asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous and competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. We discovered that PD 404182 directly and dose-dependently inhibits DDAH. Moreover, PD 404182 significantly increased intracellular levels of ADMA in cultured primary human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in these cells, suggesting its therapeutic potential in septic shock-induced vascular collapse. In addition, PD 404182 abrogated the formation of tube-like structures by ECs in an in vitro angiogenesis assay, indicating its antiangiogenic potential in diseases characterized by pathologically excessive angiogenesis. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanism of inhibition of DDAH by this small molecule and found that PD 404182, which has striking structural similarity to ADMA, could be competed by a DDAH substrate, suggesting that it is a competitive inhibitor. Finally, our enzyme kinetics assay showed time-dependent inhibition, and our inhibitor dilution assay showed that the enzymatic activity of DDAH did not recover significantly after dilution, suggesting that PD 404182 might be a tightly bound, covalent, or an irreversible inhibitor of human DDAH1. This proposal is supported by mass spectrometry studies with PD 404182 and glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes T Ghebremariam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (Y.T.G., J.P.C.); and SPARK Translational Research Program, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California (D.A.E.)
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18
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Trieu TH, Dong J, Shi XX, Lu X, Zhang Q. Efficient and Benign One-Pot Conversion of N-Tosyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines to Pyrimidines via Tandem β-Elimination and Aromatization. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.764433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Ha Trieu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Dong
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao-Xin Shi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Xia Lu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
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19
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Design and synthesis of biotin- or alkyne-conjugated photoaffinity probes for studying the target molecules of PD 404182. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2079-87. [PMID: 23403297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of action of the potent antiviral compound PD 404182, three novel photoaffinity probes equipped with a biotin or alkyne indicator were designed and synthesized based on previous structure-activity relationship studies. These probes retained the potent anti-HIV activity of the original pyrimidobenzothiazine derivatives. In photoaffinity labeling studies using HIV-1-infected H9 cells (H9IIIB), eight potential proteins were observed to bind PD 404182.
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Kobayashi K, Ezaki K, Komatsu T. Convenient Synthesis of 6-Amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimido[2,1-a]isoquinoline-7-carbonitriles and 5-Amino-2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-6-carbonitriles. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Mizuhara T, Oishi S, Ohno H, Shimura K, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Structure-activity relationship study of pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine derivatives for potent anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6434-41. [PMID: 23022280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182) is an antiretroviral agent with submicromolar inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 infection. In the current study, the structure-activity relationships of accessory groups at the 3- and 9-positions of pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine were investigated for the development of more potent anti-HIV agents. Several different derivatives containing a 9-aryl group were designed and synthesized using Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and Ullmann coupling reactions. Modification of the m-methoxyphenyl or benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl group resulted in improved anti-HIV activity. In addition, the 2,4-diazaspiro[5.5]undec-2-ene-fused benzo[e][1,3]thiazine derivatives were designed and tested for their anti-HIV activities. The most potent 9-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl) derivative was two-threefold more effective against several strains of HIV-1 and HIV-2 than the parent compound, PD 404182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Mizuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Koteswara Rao V, Hari Babu B, Raveendra Babu K, Srinivasulu D, Naga Raju C. EcoFriendly Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives in Aqueous Medium Under Ultrasonic Irradiation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2011.582218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Mizuhara T, Oishi S, Ohno H, Shimura K, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Concise synthesis and anti-HIV activity of pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imines and related tricyclic heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6792-802. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Liu WB, Chen C, Zhang Q, Zhu ZB. Hypervalent iodine(III)-induced methylene acetoxylation of 3-oxo-N-substituted butanamides. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1436-40. [PMID: 22049301 PMCID: PMC3205772 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
1-Carbamoyl-2-oxopropyl acetate derivatives were synthesized through an acetoxylation process to methylene with the aid of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (DIB) as the oxidant. Not only mild reaction conditions, but also excellent yields and good substrate scope make the present protocol potentially useful in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
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Wang F, Zhao P, Xi C. Copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones from ortho-bromobenzamides and isothiocyanates. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Liu W, Chen C, Zhang Q. Highly stereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkenes via hydroamination of alkynes and C–H acetoxylation. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6484-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05958k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Wang XN, Shen LT, Ye S. Enantioselective [2+2+2] cycloaddition of ketenes and carbon disulfide catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:8388-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12316e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Goriya Y, Ramana C. The [Cu]-catalyzed SNAR reactions: direct amination of electron deficient aryl halides with sodium azide and the synthesis of arylthioethers under Cu(II)–ascorbate redox system. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Rohbogner CJ, Wirth S, Knochel P. Phosphorodiamidate-Directed Metalation of N-Heterocycles using Mg- and Zn-TMP Bases. Org Lett 2010; 12:1984-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol100453x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J. Rohbogner
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilans Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirth
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilans Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilans Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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