Ghobrial M, Schnürch M, Mihovilovic MD. Direct functionalization of (un)protected tetrahydroisoquinoline and isochroman under iron and copper catalysis: two metals, two mechanisms.
J Org Chem 2011;
76:8781-93. [PMID:
21902275 PMCID:
PMC3226323 DOI:
10.1021/jo201511d]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A highly facile, straightforward synthesis of 1-(3-indolyl)-tetrahydroisoquinolines was developed using either simple copper or iron catalysts. N-protected and unprotected tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQ) could be used as starting materials. Extension of the substrate scope of the pronucleophile from indoles to pyrroles and electron-rich arenes was realized. Additionally, methoxyphenylation is not limited to THIQ but can be carried out on isochroman as well, again employing iron and copper catalysis.
Collapse