1
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Abdelrahman N, Drescher S, Ann Dailey L, Klang V. Investigation of keratolytic impact of synthetic bolalipids on skin penetration of a model hydrophilic permeant. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 203:114433. [PMID: 39098617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic single-chain bolalipids (SSCBs) are novel excipients in drug delivery, with potential as stabilizers or solubilizers. However, their impact on skin barrier function has not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, two SSCBs (PC-C24-PC and PC-C32-PC) were studied in aqueous systems for their impact on penetration of a model permeant into porcine skin. Concentrations of 0.05 - 5 % w/w were tested; PC-C24-PC formulations were low-viscosity liquids while PC-C32-PC formed viscous dispersions to gels at room temperature. Formulations were compared for their ability to enhance sodium fluorescein penetration (SF, 0.1 % w/w) into skin via tape stripping. Using NIR-densitometry, the effect of SSCB formulations on corneocyte cohesion was evaluated. Data were compared with phospholipid mixture Lipoid S-75, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyethylene glycol 12-hydroxystearate (PEG-HS), and distilled water as negative control. Contrary to the hypothesis, both SSCBs failed to increase SF penetration into the stratum corneum, but rather showed a significant decrease in penetration depth compared to water. Both SSCBs exhibited a keratolytic effect at 5 % w/w, leading to substantial removal of proteins from the skin surface. Consequently, SSCBs may not enhance penetration of hydrophilic drugs into skin, but could be used as keratolytic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namarig Abdelrahman
- University of Vienna, Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Drescher
- Phospholipid Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Victoria Klang
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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2
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Li F, Harvey RD, Modicano P, Hamdi F, Kyrilis F, Müller S, Gruhle K, Kastritis P, Drescher S, Dailey LA. Investigating bolalipids as solubilizing agents for poorly soluble drugs: Effects of alkyl chain length on solubilization and cytotoxicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112369. [PMID: 35123195 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic single-chain bolalipids with symmetrical headgroups have shown potential in various pharmaceutical applications, such as the stabilization of liposome bilayers. Despite their amphiphilic character, synthetic bolalipids have not yet been investigated for their suitability as solubilizing agents for poorly soluble drug compounds. In this study, three synthetic single-chain bolalipids with increasing alkyl chain lengths (C22, C24 and C26) were investigated. All three bolalipids were able to achieve an increased solubility of the model drug, mefenamic acid, by approximately 180% in a pH 7.4 buffer compared to only a 102-105% increase achieved by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or the non-ionic surfactant pegylated hydroxystearate (PEG-HS). Subsequently, interfacial activity of bolalipids and their ability to destabilize liposomal bilayers were investigated. The C22 bolalipid exhibited a consistently lower interfacial activity, which was consistent with its significantly lower cytotoxicity in the macrophage-like cell line, J774. A1, compared to C24 and C26 counterparts. The mean IC50 values of the bolalipids tested (0.035-0.093 mM) were approximately 4-100-fold lower than that of SDS (0.401 mM) or PEG-HS (0.922 mM), with the mechanism of toxicity linked to increased cell membrane permeability, as is expected for surfactants. In summary, evidence from this study shows that decreasing the length of the bolalipid alkyl linker from C26 to C22 resulted in a significantly decreased cytotoxicity with no loss in drug solubilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard D Harvey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paola Modicano
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Farzad Hamdi
- Biozentrum, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle/Saale, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Fotios Kyrilis
- Biozentrum, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle/Saale, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sindy Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kai Gruhle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Panagiotis Kastritis
- Biozentrum, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle/Saale, Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Drescher
- Phospholipid Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Falk ID, Gál B, Bhattacharya A, Wei JH, Welander PV, Boxer SG, Burns NZ. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Archaeal Lipid Parallel GDGT‐0 (Isocaldarchaeol)**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac D. Falk
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Bálint Gál
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Jeremy H. Wei
- Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Paula V. Welander
- Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Steven G. Boxer
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Noah Z. Burns
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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4
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Andringa RLH, de Kok NAW, Driessen AJM, Minnaard AJ. A Unified Approach for the Total Synthesis of cyclo-Archaeol, iso-Caldarchaeol, Caldarchaeol, and Mycoketide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17497-17503. [PMID: 33929790 PMCID: PMC8362178 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ir-catalyzed asymmetric alkene hydrogenation is presented as the strategy par excellence to prepare saturated isoprenoids and mycoketides. This highly stereoselective synthesis approach is combined with an established 13 C-NMR method to determine the enantioselectivity of each methyl-branched stereocenter. It is shown that this analysis is fit for purpose and the combination allows the synthesis of the title compounds with a significant increase in efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben L. H. Andringa
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Niels A. W. de Kok
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Arnold J. M. Driessen
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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5
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Andringa RLH, Kok NAW, Driessen AJM, Minnaard AJ. A Unified Approach for the Total Synthesis of
cyclo
‐Archaeol,
iso
‐Caldarchaeol, Caldarchaeol, and Mycoketide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben L. H. Andringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Niels A. W. Kok
- Department of Molecular Microbiology University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Arnold J. M. Driessen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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6
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Falk ID, Gál B, Bhattacharya A, Wei JH, Welander PV, Boxer SG, Burns NZ. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Archaeal Lipid Parallel GDGT-0 (Isocaldarchaeol)*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17491-17496. [PMID: 33930240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Archaeal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) are some of the most unusual membrane lipids identified in nature. These amphiphiles are the major constituents of the membranes of numerous Archaea, some of which are extremophilic organisms. Due to their unique structures, there has been significant interest in studying both the biophysical properties and the biosynthesis of these molecules. However, these studies have thus far been hampered by limited access to chemically pure samples. Herein, we report a concise and stereoselective synthesis of the archaeal tetraether lipid parallel GDGT-0 and the synthesis and self-assembly of derivatives bearing different polar groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac D Falk
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bálint Gál
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Jeremy H Wei
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Paula V Welander
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Steven G Boxer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Noah Z Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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7
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Membrane properties of amacrocyclic tetraether bisphosphatidylcholine lipid: Effect of a single membrane-spanning polymethylene cross-linkage between two head groups of ditetradecylphosphatidylcholine membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183569. [PMID: 33549531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membranes of archaea are abundant in macrocyclic tetraether lipids that contain a single or double long transmembrane hydrocarbon chains connecting the two glycerol backbones at both ends. In this study, a novel amacrocyclic bisphosphatidylcholine lipid bearing a single membrane-spanning octacosamethylene chain, 1,1'-O-octacosamethylene-2,2'-di-O-tetradecyl-bis-(sn-glycero)-3,3'-diphosphocholine (AC-(di-O-C14PC)2), was synthesized to elucidate effects of the interlayer cross-linkage on membrane properties based on comparison with its corresponding diether phosphatidylcholine, 1,2-di-O-tetradecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DTPC), that forms bilayer membrane. Several physicochemical techniques demonstrated that while AC-(di-O-C14PC)2 monolayer, which adopts a particularly high-ordered structure in the gel phase, shows remarkably high thermotropic transition temperature compared to DTPC bilayer, the fluidity of both phospholipids above the transition temperature is comparable. Nonetheless, the fluorescent dye leakage from inside the AC-(di-O-C14PC)2 vesicles in the fluid phase is highly suppressed. The origin of the membrane properties characteristic of AC-(di-O-C14PC)2 monolayer is discussed in terms of the single long transmembrane hydrophobic linkage and the diffusional motion of the lipid molecules.
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8
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Asako S, Ilies L. Olefin Synthesis by Deoxygenative Coupling of Carbonyl Compounds: From Stoichiometric to Catalytic. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sobi Asako
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Laurean Ilies
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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9
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Müller S, Gruhle K, Meister A, Hause G, Drescher S. Bolalipid-Doped Liposomes: Can Bolalipids Increase the Integrity of Liposomes Exposed to Gastrointestinal Fluids? Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E646. [PMID: 31816937 PMCID: PMC6956191 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of archaeal lipids and their artificial analogues, also known as bolalipids, represents a promising approach for the stabilization of classical lipid vesicles for oral application. In a previous study, we investigated the mixing behavior of three single-chain alkyl-branched bolalipids PC-C32(1,32Cn)-PC (n = 3, 6, 9) with either saturated or unsaturated phosphatidyl-cholines. We proved, that the bolalipids PC-C32(1,32C6)-PC and PC-C32(1,32C9)-PC show miscibility with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). In the present work, we extended our vesicle system to natural lipid mixtures using phosphatidylcholine from soy beans, and we investigated the effect of incorporated bolalipids on the integrity of these mixed liposomes (bolasomes) in different gastrointestinal fluids using a dithionite assay and a calcein release assay in combination with particle size measurements. Finally, we also studied the retention of calcein within the bolasomes during freeze-drying. As a main result, we could show that in particular PC-C32(1,32C6)-PC is able to increase the stability of bolasomes in simulated gastric fluid-a prerequisite for the further use of liposomes as oral drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindy Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.M.); (K.G.)
| | - Kai Gruhle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.M.); (K.G.)
| | - Annette Meister
- ZIK HALOmem and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Gerd Hause
- Biocenter, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Simon Drescher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (S.M.); (K.G.)
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10
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Kim YH, Leriche G, Diraviyam K, Koyanagi T, Gao K, Onofrei D, Patterson J, Guha A, Gianneschi N, Holland GP, Gilson MK, Mayer M, Sept D, Yang J. Entropic effects enable life at extreme temperatures. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw4783. [PMID: 31049402 PMCID: PMC6494508 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining membrane integrity is a challenge at extreme temperatures. Biochemical synthesis of membrane-spanning lipids is one adaptation that organisms such as thermophilic archaea have evolved to meet this challenge and preserve vital cellular function at high temperatures. The molecular-level details of how these tethered lipids affect membrane dynamics and function, however, remain unclear. Using synthetic monolayer-forming lipids with transmembrane tethers, here, we reveal that lipid tethering makes membrane permeation an entropically controlled process that helps to limit membrane leakage at elevated temperatures relative to bilayer-forming lipid membranes. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations support a view that permeation through membranes made of tethered lipids reduces the torsional entropy of the lipids and leads to tighter lipid packing, providing a molecular interpretation for the increased transition-state entropy of leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Geoffray Leriche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karthik Diraviyam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Takaoki Koyanagi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kaifu Gao
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Onofrei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Joseph Patterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anirvan Guha
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Gianneschi
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Gregory P Holland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Michael K Gilson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael Mayer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Sept
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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11
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Gruhle K, Müller S, Meister A, Drescher S. Synthesis and aggregation behaviour of single-chain, 1,32-alkyl branched bis(phosphocholines): effect of lateral chain length. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:2711-2724. [PMID: 29589028 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00424b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three novel single-chain bis(phosphocholines) bearing two lateral alkyl chains of variable length next to the headgroup have been synthesized as model lipids for naturally occurring archaeal membrane lipids. The synthesis was realized using the Cu-catalyzed Grignard bis-coupling reaction of a primary bromide as a side part and a 1,ω-dibromide as a centre part. We could show that the aggregation behaviour of the resulting bolalipids strongly depends on the length of the lateral alkyl chain: the C3-branched bolalipid self-assembles into lamellar sheets, whereas the C6- and C9-analogues form nanofibres. The lamella-forming bolalipids could be used in the future to prepare stable and tailored liposomes for oral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gruhle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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12
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Müller S, Kind M, Gruhle K, Hause G, Meister A, Drescher S. Mixing behaviour of bilayer-forming phosphatidylcholines with single-chain alkyl-branched bolalipids: effect of lateral chain length. Biophys Chem 2018; 244:1-10. [PMID: 30388712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are a promising class of drug delivery vehicles. However, no liposomal formulation has been approved for an oral application so far, due to stability issues of the liposomes in the gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we investigate the miscibility of three novel single-chain alkyl-branched bolalipids PC-C32(1,32Cn)-PC (n = 3, 6, 9) with either saturated or unsaturated phosphatidylcholines by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of stained samples, vitrified specimens, or replica of freeze-fractured samples, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The novel bolalipids contain lateral alkyl chains of different length in 1- and 32-position of the long membrane-spanning C32 alkyl chain. We will show for the first time that these single-chain alkyl-branched bolalipids show a miscibility with bilayer-forming phospholipids-by maintaining the vesicular aggregate structure-due to the lateral alkyl substituents located next to the phosphocholine headgroup of the bolalipid. We are convinced that these alkyl side chains are able to fill the void volume, which is created when unmodified single-chain bolalipids are inserted in a transmembrane fashion into a phospholipid bilayer. Consequently, the miscibility of our alkyl-chained bolalipids with bilayer-forming phospholipids rose with increasing lengths of the lateral alkyl chain of the bolalipid. Finally, we were successful in preparing liposomes from various bolalipid/phospholipid mixtures, which were stable in size upon storage for at least 21 days. These mixed liposomes (bolasomes) could be used as oral drug delivery systems in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindy Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kind
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Kai Gruhle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Biocenter, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- HALOmem and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Simon Drescher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Biophysical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany.
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13
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Müller S, Meister A, Otto C, Hause G, Drescher S. Mixing behaviour of asymmetrical glycerol diether bolalipids with saturated and unsaturated phosphatidylcholines. Biophys Chem 2018; 238:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Drescher S, Otto C, Müller S, Garamus VM, Garvey CJ, Grünert S, Lischka A, Meister A, Blume A, Dobner B. Impact of Headgroup Asymmetry and Protonation State on the Aggregation Behavior of a New Type of Glycerol Diether Bolalipid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:4360-4373. [PMID: 29557659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we describe the synthesis and the temperature-dependent aggregation behavior of a new class of asymmetrical glycerol diether bolalipids. These bolalipids are composed of a membrane-spanning alkyl chain with 32 carbon atoms (C32) in the sn-3 position, a methyl-branched C16 alkyl chain in the sn-2 position, and a zwitterionic phosphocholine headgroup in the sn-1 position of a glycerol moiety. The long C32 alkyl chain is terminated either by a second phosphocholine (PC-Gly(2C16Me)C32-PC) or by a phosphodimethylethanolamine headgroup (PC-Gly(2C16Me)C32-Me2PE). The temperature- and pH-dependent aggregation behavior of both lipids was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments. The morphology of the formed aggregates in an aqueous suspension was visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We show that PC-Gly(2C16Me)C32-PC and PC-Gly(2C16Me)C32-Me2PE at pH 5 self-assemble into large lamellar aggregates and large lipid vesicles. Within these structures, the bolalipid molecules are probably assembled in a monolayer with fully interdigitated chains. The lipid molecules seem to be tilted with respect to the layer normal to ensure a dense packing of the alkyl chains. A temperature increase leads to a transition from a lamellar gel phase to the liquid-crystalline phase at about 28-30 °C for both bolalipids. The lamellar aggregates of PC-Gly(2C16Me)C32-Me2PE started to transform into nanofibers when the pH value of the suspension was increased to above 11. At pH 12, these nanofibers were the dominant aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vasil M Garamus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht: Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (HZG) , Max-Planck-Strasse 1 , 21502 Geesthacht , Germany
| | - Christopher J Garvey
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) , Kirrawee DC , NSW Australia
| | | | | | - Annette Meister
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , MLU Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Alfred Blume
- Institute of Chemistry , MLU Halle-Wittenberg , von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
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15
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Markowski T, Müller S, Dobner B, Meister A, Blume A, Drescher S. An Asymmetrical Glycerol Diether Bolalipid with Protonable Phosphodimethylethanolamine Headgroup: The Impact of pH on Aggregation Behavior and Miscibility with DPPC. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E573. [PMID: 30965876 PMCID: PMC6418739 DOI: 10.3390/polym9110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations regarding the self-assembly of (bola)phospholipids in aqueous media are crucial to understand the complex relationship between chemical structure of lipids and the shape and size of their aggregates in water. Here, we introduce a new asymmetrical glycerol diether bolaphospholipid, the compound Me₂PE-Gly(2C16)C32-OH. This bolalipid contains a long (C32) ω-hydroxy alkyl chain bond to glycerol in the sn-3 position, a C16 alkyl chain at the sn-2 position, and a protonable phosphodimethylethanolamine (Me₂PE) headgroup at the sn-1 position of the glycerol. The aggregation behavior of this bolalipid was studied as a function of temperature and pH using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. We show that this bolalipid aggregates into condensed lamellar sheets in acidic milieu and in large sheet-like aggregates at neutral pH-value. By contrast, at a pH-value of 10, where the Me₂PE headgroup is only partially protonated, small lipid disks with diameter 50⁻100 nm were additionally found. Moreover, the miscibility of this asymmetrical bolalipid with the bilayer-forming phosphatidylcholine DPPC was investigated by means of DSC and TEM. The incorporation of bolalipids into phospholipid membranes could result in stabilized liposomes applicable for drug delivery purposes. We show that mixtures of DPPC and Me₂PE-Gly(2C16)C32-OH form large lamellar aggregates at pH of 5, 7, and 10. However, closed lipid vesicles (liposomes) with an increased thermal stability were not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Markowski
- Institute of Pharmacy-Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Sindy Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy-Biophysical Pharmacy, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy-Biochemical Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Annette Meister
- Institute of Chemistry-Biophysical Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Alfred Blume
- Institute of Chemistry-Biophysical Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Simon Drescher
- Institute of Pharmacy-Biophysical Pharmacy, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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16
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Mitchell GM, Hesketh A, Lombardi C, Ho C, Fyles TM. A membrane-spanning macrocyclic bolaamphiphile lipid mimic of archaeal lipids. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a 72-membered macrocyclic tetraester bolaamphiphile is accomplished in six chemical steps from commercially available starting materials using copper-accelerated azide–alkyne coupling to close the macrocycle in high yield. Related diester amphiphiles and an acyclic tetraester bolaamphiphile were also prepared. The set of lipids bearing nitrophenyl phosphate head groups were incorporated into phospholipid vesicles but failed to undergo phosphate hydrolysis in basic conditions, undergoing efficient elimination in competition. The same lipid cores bearing phosphate-linked nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) head groups also incorporated into phospholipid vesicles and the NBD fluorescence was quenched with cobalt ions. The proportion of membrane-spanning bolaamphiphiles was determined from the ratio of cobalt quenching in the presence and in the absence of a detergent. The macrocyclic bolaamphiphile is incorporated into phospholipid vesicles such that 48 ± 4% of the NBD head groups are in the outer leaflet, consistent with a membrane-spanning orientation. The acyclic bolaamphiphile is incorporated with 75 ± 3% of the NBD head groups accessible to quencher in the absence of a detergent suggesting U-shaped incorporation in the outer leaflet of the bilayer membrane. In ring size and spanning ability, the macrocyclic bolaamphiphile mimics naturally occurring macrocyclic archaeal lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M. Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Amelia Hesketh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Christie Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Cally Ho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Thomas M. Fyles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
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17
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Leriche G, Cifelli JL, Sibucao KC, Patterson JP, Koyanagi T, Gianneschi NC, Yang J. Characterization of drug encapsulation and retention in archaea-inspired tetraether liposomes. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2157-2162. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02832b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Archaea-inspired lipids exhibit reduced membrane permeability and increased retention of hydrophilic drugs in liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffray Leriche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Jessica L. Cifelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Kevin C. Sibucao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Joseph P. Patterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Takaoki Koyanagi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
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18
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Koyanagi T, Leriche G, Onofrei D, Holland GP, Mayer M, Yang J. Cyclohexane Rings Reduce Membrane Permeability to Small Ions in Archaea-Inspired Tetraether Lipids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1890-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Koyanagi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Geoffray Leriche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - David Onofrei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182-1030 USA
| | - Gregory P. Holland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182-1030 USA
| | - Michael Mayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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19
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Koyanagi T, Leriche G, Onofrei D, Holland GP, Mayer M, Yang J. Cyclohexane Rings Reduce Membrane Permeability to Small Ions in Archaea-Inspired Tetraether Lipids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Koyanagi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Geoffray Leriche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - David Onofrei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182-1030 USA
| | - Gregory P. Holland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182-1030 USA
| | - Michael Mayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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20
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Markowski T, Drescher S, Förster G, Lechner BD, Meister A, Blume A, Dobner B. Highly asymmetrical glycerol diether bolalipids: synthesis and temperature-dependent aggregation behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10683-10692. [PMID: 26366715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we describe the synthesis and temperature-dependent aggregation behavior of two examples of a new class of highly asymmetrical glycerol diether bolaphospholipids. The bolalipids contain a long alkyl chain (C32) bound to glycerol in the sn-3 position, carrying a hydroxyl group at the ω position. The C16 alkyl chain in the sn-2 position either possesses a racemic methyl branch at the 10 position of the short alkyl chain (lipid II) or does not (lipid I). The sn-1 position of the glycerol is linked to a zwitterionic phosphocholine moiety. The temperature-dependent aggregation behavior of both bolalipids was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray scattering. Aggregate structures were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We show that both bolalipids self-assemble into large lamellar sheetlike aggregates. Closed lipid vesicles or other aggregate structures such as tubes or nanofibers, as usually found for diglycerol tetraether lipids, were not observed. Within the lamellae the bolalipid molecules are arranged in an antiparallel (interdigitated) orientation. Lipid I, without an additional methyl moiety in the short alkyl chain, shows a lamellar phase with high crystallinity up to a temperature of 34 °C, which was not observed before for other phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Markowski
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Drescher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Günter Förster
- Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg , von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bob-Dan Lechner
- Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg , von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- Center for Structure and Dynamics of Proteins (MZP), MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Biocenter , Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alfred Blume
- Institute of Chemistry, MLU Halle-Wittenberg , von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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21
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Schwarzmann G, Breiden B, Sandhoff K. Membrane-spanning lipids for an uncompromised monitoring of membrane fusion and intermembrane lipid transfer. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:1861-79. [PMID: 26269359 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m056929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Förster resonance energy transfer-based fusion and transfer assay was developed to study, in model membranes, protein-mediated membrane fusion and intermembrane lipid transfer of fluorescent sphingolipid analogs. For this assay, it became necessary to apply labeled reporter molecules that are resistant to spontaneous as well as protein-mediated intermembrane transfer. The novelty of this assay is the use of nonextractable fluorescent membrane-spanning bipolar lipids. Starting from the tetraether lipid caldarchaeol, we synthesized fluorescent analogs with fluorophores at both polar ends. In addition, we synthesized radioactive glycosylated caldarchaeols. These labeled lipids were shown to stretch through bilayer membranes rather than to loop within a single lipid layer of liposomes. More important, the membrane-spanning lipids (MSLs) in contrast to phosphoglycerides proved to be nonextractable by proteins. We could show that the GM2 activator protein (GM2AP) is promiscuous with respect to glycero- and sphingolipid transfer. Saposin (Sap) B also transferred sphingolipids albeit with kinetics different from GM2AP. In addition, we could unambiguously show that the recombinant activator protein Sap C x His6 induced membrane fusion rather than intermembrane lipid transfer. These findings showed that these novel MSLs, in contrast with fluorescent phosphoglycerolipids, are well suited for an uncompromised monitoring of membrane fusion and intermembrane lipid transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Schwarzmann
- Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry Unit, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernadette Breiden
- Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry Unit, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Konrad Sandhoff
- Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry Unit, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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22
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Markowski T, Drescher S, Meister A, Blume A, Dobner B. Structure–property relationships in a series of diglycerol tetraether model lipids and their lyotropic assemblies: the effect of branching topology and chirality. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3649-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Basar N, Donnelly S, Sirat HM, Thomas EJ. Development and applications of remote stereocontrol using allylic organobismuth reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:8476-505. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41931b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Ferrer C, Fodran P, Barroso S, Gibson R, Hopmans EC, Damsté JS, Schouten S, Minnaard AJ. Asymmetric synthesis of cyclo-archaeol and β-glucosyl cyclo-archaeol. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:2482-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27277j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Markowski T, Drescher S, Meister A, Hause G, Blume A, Dobner B. Synthesis of Optically Pure Diglycerol Tetraether Model Lipids with Non-Natural Branching Pattern. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Chong PLG. Archaebacterial bipolar tetraether lipids: Physico-chemical and membrane properties. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:253-65. [PMID: 20060818 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar tetraether lipids (BTL) are abundant in archaea and can be chemically synthesized. The structures of BTL are distinctly different from the lipids found in bacteria and eukaryotes. In aqueous solution, BTL can form extraordinarily stable liposomes with different sizes, lamellarities and membrane packing densities. BTL liposomes can serve as membrane models for understanding the structure-function relationship of the plasma membrane in thermoacidophiles and can be used for technological applications. This article reviews the separation, characterization and structures of BTL as well as the physical properties and technological applications of BTL liposomes. One of the structural features of BTL is the presence of cyclopentane rings in the lipid hydrocarbon core. Archaea use the cyclopentane ring as an adaptation strategy to cope with high growth temperature. Special attention of this article is focused on how the number of cyclopentane rings varies with environmental factors and affects membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parkson Lee-Gau Chong
- Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
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27
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Abstract
Archaea have developed specific tools permitting life under harsh conditions and archaeal lipids are one of these tools. This microreview describes the particular features of tetraether-type archaeal lipids and their potential applications in biotechnology. Natural and synthetic tetraether lipid structures as well as their applications in drug/gene delivery, vaccines and proteoliposomes or as lipid films are reviewed.
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28
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Duan XF, Zeng J, Lü JW, Zhang ZB. Insights into the General and Efficient Cross McMurry Reactions between Ketones. J Org Chem 2006; 71:9873-6. [PMID: 17168612 DOI: 10.1021/jo061644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The selective cross McMurry couplings of diaryl or aryl ketones with various substituted ketones were achieved in 53-94% isolated yields. It is believed that the strong affinity of the substituents to the low-valent titanium surface plays an important role in regards to moderating selectivity. Through the introduction of such substituents followed by their removal post McMurry coupling, structurally similar ketones can be effectively cross-coupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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29
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Benvegnu T, Réthoré G, Brard M, Richter W, Plusquellec D. Archaeosomes based on novel synthetic tetraether-type lipids for the development of oral delivery systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:5536-8. [PMID: 16358054 DOI: 10.1039/b511440c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro stability of archaeosomes made from novel synthetic membrane-spanning tetraether lipids was evaluated in conditions mimicking those of oral route application in terms of bile salts, serum and low pH..
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Affiliation(s)
- T Benvegnu
- ENSCR UMR CNRS 6052, Laboratoire Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700, Rennes, France.
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30
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Miramon ML, Mignet N, Herscovici J. Short Synthesis of Polyoxygenated Macrocyclic Rings Using Acetal Linkages. Application to the Preparation of a New Lipidic Polyamine. J Org Chem 2004; 69:6949-52. [PMID: 15387634 DOI: 10.1021/jo0493020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A short preparation of polyoxygenated macrocycles can be carried out by combining the formation of an acetal linkage, to introduce long alkyl chains, with a ring closure metathesis. As an example, this methodology was used to synthesize a new polyamino lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Miramon
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique U640 INSERM - UMR 8151 CNRS ENSCP 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75231 Paris Cedex
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31
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1,5-Stereocontrol in reactions of 5-benzyloxy-4-methylpent-2-enyl bromides with aldehydes mediated by Bi(0): synthesis of aliphatic compounds with 1,5-syn-related methyl groups. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Benvegnu T, Brard M, Plusquellec D. Archaeabacteria bipolar lipid analogues: structure, synthesis and lyotropic properties. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2004.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Yamauchi N, Ueoka H, Kamada N, Murae T. Resemblance of Carbocycle Formation from Carbohydrates between Archaea and Eucarya/Eubacteria. Biosynthesis of Calditol, the Characteristic Lipid-Content Molecule inSulfolobus acidocaldarius. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.77.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Vercruysse-Moreira K, Déjugnat C, Etemad-Moghadam G. Efficient synthesis of bolaform- and gemini-type alkyl-bis-[(α-amino)phosphonocarboxylic or phosphonic acid] surfactants. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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35
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Arakawa K, Eguchi T, Kakinuma K. Highly Thermostable Liposome from 72-Membered Macrocyclic Tetraether Lipid: Importance of 72-Membered Lipid for Archaea to Thrive under Hyperthermal Environments. CHEM LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2001.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Arakawa K, Kano H, Eguchi T, Nishiyama Y, Kakinuma K. Significance of the 72-Membered Macrocyclic Structure Found in Archaeal Membrane Lipids: Model Studies of the Macrocyclic Tetraether Diphospholipids by Calorimetric,31P NMR, and Electron Microscopic Analyses. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1999. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.72.1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Lecollinet G, Auzély-Velty R, Danel M, Benvegnu T, Mackenzie G, Goodby JW, Plusquellec D. Synthetic Approaches to Novel Archaeal Tetraether Glycolipid Analogues. J Org Chem 1999; 64:3139-3150. [PMID: 11674413 DOI: 10.1021/jo9822028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical archaeal tetraether glycolipid analogues have been prepared. The syntheses are based upon the elaboration of lipid cores from versatile chiral starting materials followed by simultaneous or sequential introduction of polar headgroups. Three pathways (A-C) were elaborated for the synthesis of stereochemically defined lipids 14-16 characterized by a straight bridging spacer and two dihydrocitronellyl chains attached to glycerol units at the sn-3 and sn-2 positions, respectively. Pathway C appeared to be particularly advantageous for the synthesis of tetraether 9, which possesses a cyclopentane unit as found in thermoacidophilic lipids. Diglycosylated lipids 4-6 were produced in 49-53% yields by reaction of diols 14-16 with beta-D-galactofuranosyl donor 31, whereas unsymmetrical lipids possessing either two different carbohydrate units 7 or a saccharidic moiety and a phosphate group 8 were efficiently prepared from monoprotected diol 35. These compounds represent the first examples of tetraether-type analogues containing a phosphate unit and/or glycosyl moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Lecollinet
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Laboratoire de Synthèses et Activations de Biomolécules, associé au CNRS, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France, and The Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and the Environment, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
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38
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Arakawa K, Eguchi T, Kakinuma K. An Olefin Metathesis Approach to 36- and 72-Membered Archaeal Macrocyclic Membrane Lipids. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo980472k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Arakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tadashi Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kakinuma
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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