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Chen B, Lu H, Chen J, Chen Z, Yin SF, Peng L, Qiu R. Recent Progress on Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Materials Based on Tetrazole Skeleton. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:25. [PMID: 37610550 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Development of nitrogen-rich energetic materials has gained much attention because of their remarkable properties including large nitrogen content and energy density, good thermal stability, low sensitivity, good energetic performance, environmental friendliness and so on. Tetrazole has the highest nitrogen and highest energy contents among the stable azoles. The incorporation of diverse explosophoric groups or substituents into the tetrazole skeleton is beneficial to obtain high-nitrogen energetic materials having excellent energetic performance and suitable sensitivity. In this review, the development of high-nitrogen energetic materials based on tetrazole skeleton is highlighted. Initially, the property and utilization of nitrogen-rich energetic materials are presented. After showing the advantage of the tetrazole skeleton, the high-nitrogen energetic materials based on tetrazole are classified and introduced in detail. Based on different types of energetic materials (EMs), the synthesis and properties of nitrogen-rich energetic materials based on mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-tetrazole are summarized in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihai Chen
- Hunan Nanling Industry Explosive Material Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Han Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zhaoxu Chen
- Hunan Nanling Industry Explosive Material Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Lifen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, Hunan, China.
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Characterization of Energetic Salts Based on 3,5-Diamino-4 H-Pyrazol-4-One Oxime. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010457. [PMID: 36615648 PMCID: PMC9824549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to broaden the study of energetic cations, a cation 3,5-diamino-4H-pyrazol-4-one oxime (DAPO) with good thermal stability was proposed, and its three salts were synthesized by a simple and efficient method. The structures of the three salts were verified by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal stabilities of the three salts were verified by differential scanning calorimetry and thermos-gravimetric analysis. DAPO-based energetic salts are analysed using a variety of theoretical techniques, such as 2D fingerprint, Hirshfeld surface, and non-covalent interaction. Among them, the energy properties of perchlorate (DAPOP) and picrate (DAPOT) were determined by EXPLO5 program combined with the measured density and enthalpy of formation. These compounds have high density, acceptable detonation performance, good thermal stability, and satisfactory sensitivity. The intermolecular interactions of the four compounds were studied by Hirshfeld surface and non-covalent interactions, indicating that hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions are the reasons for the extracellular properties of perchlorate (DAPOP) and picrate (DAPOT), indicating that DAPO is an optional nitrogen-rich cation for the design and synthesis of novel energetic materials with excellent properties.
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Zhang L, Dong WS, Lu ZJ, Wang TW, Zhang C, Zhou ZN, Zhang JG. Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable energetic complexes with 3,5-diaminopyrazolone-4-oxime as a nitrogen-rich ligand. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00715k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two thermally stable complexes based on DAPO were synthesized. The thermal decomposition temperatures were 287 °C and 344 °C, respectively. The detonation properties of the complexes were excellent with good detonation velocity and detonation pressure superior to that of TNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Shuai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zu-Jia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zun-Ning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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Domasevitch KV, Senchyk GA, Lysenko AB, Rusanov EB. Hydrogen-bonding landscape of the carbamoyl-cyano-nitro-somethanide anion in the crystal structure of its ammonium salt. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2021; 77:1103-1108. [PMID: 34868645 PMCID: PMC8587992 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989021010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the title salt, ammonium carbamoyl-cyano-nitro-somethanide, NH4 +·C3H2N3O2 -, features the co-existence of different hydrogen-bonding patterns, which are specific to each of the three functional groups (nitroso, carbamoyl and cyano) of the methanide anion. The nitroso O-atoms accept as many as three N-H⋯O bonds from the ammonium cations [N⋯O = 2.688 (3)-3.000 (3) Å] to form chains of fused rhombs [(NH4)(O)2]. The most prominent bonds of the carbamoyl groups are mutual and they yield 21 helices [N⋯O = 2.903 (2) Å], whereas the cyano N-atoms accept hydrogen bonds from sterically less accessible carbamoyl H-atoms [N⋯N = 3.004 (3) Å]. Two weaker NH4 +⋯O=C bonds [N⋯O = 3.021 (2), 3.017 (2) Å] complete the hydrogen-bonded environment of the carbamoyl groups. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important inter-actions are overwhelmingly O⋯H/H⋯O and N⋯H/H⋯N, in total accounting for 64.1% of the contacts for the individual anions. The relatively simple scheme of these inter-actions allows the delineation of the supra-molecular synthons, which may be applicable to crystal engineering of hydrogen-bonded solids containing polyfunctional methanide anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostiantyn V. Domasevitch
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ganna A. Senchyk
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrey B. Lysenko
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eduard B. Rusanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Murmanskaya Str. 4, Kyiv 253660, Ukraine
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Lee J, Vinh NB, Drinkwater N, Yang W, Kannan Sivaraman K, Schembri LS, Gazdik M, Grin PM, Butler GS, Overall CM, Charman SA, McGowan S, Scammells PJ. Novel Human Aminopeptidase N Inhibitors: Discovery and Optimization of Subsite Binding Interactions. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7185-7209. [PMID: 31251594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) is a zinc-dependent M1 aminopeptidase that contributes to cancer progression by promoting angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor invasion. We have previously identified hydroxamic acid-containing analogues that are potent inhibitors of the APN homologue from the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum M1 aminopeptidase (PfA-M1). Herein, we describe the rationale that underpins the repurposing of PfA-M1 inhibitors as novel APN inhibitors. A series of novel hydroxamic acid analogues were developed using a structure-based design approach and evaluated their inhibition activities against APN. N-(2-(Hydroxyamino)-2-oxo-1-(3',4',5'-trifluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-4-(methylsulfonamido)benzamide (6ad) proved to be an extremely potent inhibitor of APN activity in vitro, selective against other zinc-dependent enzymes such as matrix metalloproteases, and possessed limited cytotoxicity against Ad293 cells and favorable physicochemical and metabolic stability properties. The combined results indicate that compound 6ad may be a useful lead for the development of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nyssa Drinkwater
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology , Monash University , Clayton Campus , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Wei Yang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology , Monash University , Clayton Campus , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Komagal Kannan Sivaraman
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology , Monash University , Clayton Campus , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sheena McGowan
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology , Monash University , Clayton Campus , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
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Zhai J, Wang Q, Li Q, Shang B, Rahaman MH, Liang J, Ji J, Liu W. Degradation mechanisms of carbamazepine by δ-MnO 2: Role of protonation of degradation intermediates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:981-988. [PMID: 30021331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ), a widely used antiepileptic drug, is refractory to biological wastewater treatment. Rapid removal of CBZ is possible using synthetic manganese oxide (δ-MnO2) but the removal mechanisms require further investigation. In this study, CBZ degradation by δ-MnO2 was carried out at different pH to further explore the degradation mechanisms. Results show that CBZ degradation by δ-MnO2 was highly pH dependent, and rapid degradation occurred when pH <2.8. Based on the density functional theory calculations, increasing [H+] not only increased the reactivity of δ-MnO2, but also enhanced the secondary reactions of the intermediates. During the degradation process, protonation of CBZ degradation intermediates, instead of CBZ, played an important role. The overall kinetics of CBZ degradation was then described by the retarded first-order model. The initial rate (rinit) in the model between pH 2.0 and 6.2 was determined to be rinit = (2.41 ± 0.51) × 10-3[CBZ]1.21[MnO2]1.07[H+]1.41. This is the first report revealing that protonation of intermediates from CBZ degradation can improve the CBZ oxidation by δ-MnO2. The pathways of CBZ degradation by δ-MnO2 were also proposed. The results of this study provide a new insight into the processing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhai
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Quanfeng Wang
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bo Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Md Hasibur Rahaman
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Dept. of Environmental Science and Technology, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Jialiang Liang
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jiucui Ji
- Chongqing Sino French Environmental Excellence R&D Centre Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400021, PR China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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Bruce MI, Burgun A, George J, Nicholson BK, Parker CR, Skelton BW, Scoleri N, Sumby CJ, Zaitseva NN. Some reactions of azides with diynyl-bis(phosphine)ruthenium-cyclopentadienyl complexes. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chesman ASR, Turner DR, Langley SK, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Synthesis and Structure of New Lanthanoid Carbonate “Lanthaballs”. Inorg Chem 2014; 54:792-800. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5016115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S. R. Chesman
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David R. Turner
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Stuart K. Langley
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Boujemaa Moubaraki
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Keith S. Murray
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Stuart R. Batten
- School of Chemistry Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Zelenov VP, Voronin AA, Churakov AM, Strelenko YA, Struchkova MI, Tartakovsky VA. Amino(tert-butyl-NNO-azoxy)furoxans: synthesis, isomerization, and rearrangement of N-acetyl derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-013-0017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Razali MR, Urbatsch A, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Coordination polymers of transition metals derived from the in situ nucleophilic addition of alcohols to dicyanonitrosomethanide [C(CN)2(NO)]−. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Razali MR, Chilton NF, Urbatsch A, Moubaraki B, Langley SK, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Trinuclear and tetranuclear manganese clusters derived from cyano(imino(methoxy)methyl)nitrosomethanide (cmnm). Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Razali MR, Chesman ASR, Chilton NF, Langley SK, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Structure and magnetism of a mixed-valence octanuclear manganese(ii/iii) cluster derived from carbamoylcyanonitrosomethanide (ccnm). Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1400-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ponomarova VV, Domasevitch KV. A three-component cocrystal: benzoyl(hydroxyimino)acetonitrile–18-crown-6–water (2/1/4). Acta Crystallogr C 2012; 68:o359-61. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270112034208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the title compound, 2C9H6N2O2·C12H24O6·4H2O, the 18-crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane) molecule resides across a centre of inversion. The adduct exists as a molecular hydrogen-bonded complex featuring integration of two kinds of synthons,viz.[(18-crown-6)(H2O)4] [O...O = 2.8645 (18)–2.9014 (18) Å] and an oxime/aqua ensemble, PhC(O)C(CN)NOH...OH2[O...O = 2.5930 (18) Å]. The reliability of the oxime/aqua motif, sustained by the highly acidic cyanooxime, is an essential factor in the construction of multicomponent cocrystals and the accommodation of oxime species in macrocyclic hosts. The supramolecular structure is generated by the alternation of hydrophilic [(18-crown-6)(H2O)4] layers and bilayers of benzoyl(hydroxyimino)acetonitrile molecules, resulting in stacking interactions between the phenyl and cyano groups of 3.666 (2) Å.
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Cyanoacetamide-based oxime carbonates: an efficient, simple alternative for the introduction of Fmoc with minimal dipeptide formation. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Chesman ASR, Turner DR, Berry KJ, Chilton NF, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. LnIII2MnIII2 heterobimetallic “butterfly” complexes displaying antiferromagnetic coupling (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb, Er). Dalton Trans 2012; 41:11402-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31144e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Razali MR, Urbatsch A, Langley SK, MacLellan JG, Deacon GB, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Batten SR. Linear Trinuclear Copper(II) Complexes Derived from the Nucleophilic Addition Products of Dicyanonitrosomethanide [C(CN)2(NO)]–: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties. Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two novel trinuclear CuII complexes have been synthesised from the nucleophilic addition derivatives of the small cyano anion, dicyanonitrosomethanide (dcnm). The reaction of CuII with the water adduct ligand, carbamoylcyanonitrosomethanide (ccnm) and teaH3 (triethanolamine) in a basic MeOH/MeCN solution results in the formation of [Cu3(acnm)2(teaH2)2]·2MeOH (1) (acnm = amidocarbonyl(cyano)nitrosomethanide and teaH2– = singly deprotonated triethanolamine). The reaction of CuII with dicyanonitrosomethanide (dcnm) and m-xylenediamine in a basic MeOH/MeCN solution results in the formation of [Cu3(cimm)2(a3acnm)2]·6MeCN (2) (cimm = cyano(imido(methoxy)methyl)nitrosomethanide and a3acnm = {amino(3-aminomethylphenyl)methylimino}methyl(cyanonitrosomethanide)). Both complexes display linear trinuclear CuII metallic cores. Solid state DC magnetic susceptibility studies were performed on 1 and 2. Compound 1 revealed very strong antiferromagnetic interactions between central and terminal Cu atoms, while compound 2 displayed ferromagnetic interactions because of the orthogonal relationship of the terminal and the central ‘magnetic’ orbitals, which contrasts with these orbitals being coplanar in 1 thus providing strong superexchange pathways involving Cu-N-O-Cu moieties.
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Chesman ASR, Turner DR, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. In situ ligand formation in the synthesis of an octanuclear dysprosium ‘double cubane’ cluster displaying single molecule magnet features. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:3751-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt11905f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Aggarwal R, Kumar V, Kumar R, Singh SP. Approaches towards the synthesis of 5-aminopyrazoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:179-97. [PMID: 21448263 PMCID: PMC3063075 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological and medicinal properties of 5-aminopyrazoles have prompted enormous research aimed at developing synthetic routes to these heterocyles. This review focuses on the biological properties associated with this system. Various synthetic methods developed up to 2010 for these compounds are described, particularly those that involve the reactions of β-ketonitriles, malononitrile, alkylidenemalononitriles and their derivatives with hydrazines, as well as some novel miscellaneous methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136 119, Haryana, India
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Turner DR, Chesman ASR, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. The chemistry and complexes of small cyano anions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10189-210. [PMID: 21773626 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11909e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David R Turner
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
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Izgorodina EI, Chesman ASR, Turner DR, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Theoretical and Experimental Insights into the Mechanism of the Nucleophilic Addition of Water and Methanol to Dicyanonitrosomethanide. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:16517-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jp108550z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony S. R. Chesman
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - David R. Turner
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Stuart R. Batten
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
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Yang K, Chen XF, Liu JY, Lai WP, Wang BZ. Nitrosation of malononitrile by HONO, ClNO and N₂O₃: a theoretical study. J Mol Model 2010; 17:1017-27. [PMID: 20652342 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitrosation reactions of malononitrile by three nitrosating agents, HONO, ClNO, and N(2)O(3), have been theoretically investigated at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ and MP2/cc-pVDZ levels. Two possible competitive paths for nitrosation of malononitrile to give 2-nitroso-malononitrile were proposed: (a) direct C-nitrosation and (b) N-nitrosation and subsequent nitroso transfer from N to C atom. The calculations show that at both B3LYP and MP2 levels, path b is kinetically favored over path a for nitrosations by HONO and N(2)O(3). In the case of ClNO, the B3LYP predicts preference of path b, while the MP2 calculations suggest that both paths have similar rate-determining barriers. The data suggest that N(2)O(3) is the preferred nitrosating agent for the nitrosation of malononitrile in aqueous solution. Transformation of 2-nitroso-malononitrile to form malononitrileoxime via intramolecular proton transfer has also been explored, and it is found that inclusion of an assistant water molecule can drastically accelerate the tautomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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22
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New Approaches to 12‐Coordination: Structural Consequences of Steric Stress, Lanthanoid Contraction and Hydrogen Bonding. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chesman ASR, Turner DR, Moubaraki B, Murray KS, Deacon GB, Batten SR. Nucleophilic Addition of Water and Alcohols to Dicyanonitrosomethanide: Ligands with Diverse Bonding Modes in Magnetically Coupled d-Block Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chesman AS, Turner D, Deacon G, Batten S. Metal-Promoted Nucleophilic Addition and Cyclization of Diamines with Dicyanonitrosomethanide, [C(CN)2(NO)]−. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:761-9. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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1D and 3D supramolecular architectures in the salts of Meso-5,7,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane with (2E)-2-cyano-2-(hydroxyimino)acetamide and 2-(2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl) hydrazinecarboxamide sustained by charge-assisted and conventional hydrogen bonds. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10947-006-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Price DJ, Batten SR, Berry KJ, Moubaraki B, Murray KS. Structure and magnetism of trinuclear and tetranuclear mixed valent manganese clusters from dicyanonitrosomethanide derived ligands. Polyhedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(02)01266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Department of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation.
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Arulsamy N, Bohle DS. Multiplicity control in the polygeminal diazeniumdiolation of active hydrogen bearing carbons: chemistry of a new type of trianionic molecular propeller. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10860-9. [PMID: 11686687 DOI: 10.1021/ja002634b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over a century ago, Traube reported the reaction of four nitric oxides with acetone and sodium ethoxide to yield sodium methanebis(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) and sodium acetate. However, when this reaction is carried out in the presence of nitric oxide at slightly elevated pressures (35-40 psi), a product corresponding to the addition of six nitric oxides, sodium methanetris(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate), forms as the main product in addition to a trace of the previously observed sodium methanebis(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) and sodium acetate. The corresponding potassium salts form when potassium hydroxide is employed as the base, while lithium hydroxide results in the formation of lithium methanebis(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) exclusively. Nitric oxide reacts with 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in the presence of sodium and potassium hydroxide in methanol to yield sodium and potassium 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one-1,1,1-tris(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate), respectively. In contrast, the reaction in the presence of lithium hydroxide forms lithium methanebis(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) and lithium pivalate. The differential reactivity of nitric oxide with acetone and 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in the presence of the three bases is attributed to competing hydrolytic reactions of the acetyl and trimethylacetyl group-containing intermediates. A mechanism is proposed for the nitric oxide addition to active methyl groups in these reactions, where the product distribution between the di- and trisubstituted methanes is under kinetic control of the competing reactions. The products are characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and elemental analysis. Two differentially hydrated forms of potassium methanetris(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. From the metathesis reaction of the silver salt of methanetris(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate) with ammonium iodide, the corresponding ammonium salt is isolated in 59% yield, but only trace amounts of methylated products form in the reaction of the silver salt with methyl iodide. Density functional calculations (B3LYP/6-311++G) are used to evaluate the bonding, ground-state structures, and energy landscape for the different conformers of methanetris(diazene-N-oxide-N'-hydroxylate)(3-) trianion, a new type of a molecular propeller, and its corresponding triprotonated acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arulsamy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3838, USA
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