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Yang H, Liu X, Liu Y, Xu M, Li Z. Rotational energy transfer in the collision of N2O with He atom. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:124306. [PMID: 38127392 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantum state-to-state rotationally inelastic quenching of N2O by colliding with a He atom is studied on an ab initio potential energy surface with N2O lying on its vibrational ground state. The cross sections for collision energies from 10-6-100 cm-1 and rate constants from 10-5-10 K are calculated employing the fully converged quantum close-coupling method for the quenching of the j = 1-6 rotational states of N2O. Numerous van der Waals shapes or Feshbach resonances are observed; the cross sections of different channels are found to follow the Wigner scaling law in the cold threshold regime and may intersect with each other. In order to interpret the mechanism and estimate the cross sections of the rotational energy transfer, we propose a minimal classical model of collision between an asymmetric double-shell ellipsoid and a point particle. The classical model reproduces the quantum scattering results and points out the attractive interactions and the potential asymmetry can affect the collision process. The resulting insights are expected to expand our interpretations of inelastic scattering and energy transfer in molecular collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mohan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
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Arndt PT, Huennekens J, Packard C, Tran V, Carey J, Livingston R, Marcune VM, Rowe BA, Ng J, Qi J, Lyyra AM, Ahmed EH. The effect of collisions on the rotational angular momentum of diatomic molecules studied using polarized light. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:184310. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0024380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. T. Arndt
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J. Huennekens
- Physics Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - C. Packard
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - V. Tran
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J. Carey
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R. Livingston
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - V. M. Marcune
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B. A. Rowe
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J. Ng
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J. Qi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Penn State University, Berks Campus, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610, USA
| | - A. M. Lyyra
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - E. H. Ahmed
- Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Fanthorpe J, Gao Y, Stewart B. Rotational Energy Transfer in Highly Excited States of Lithium Dimer: Experiment and Modeling. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7373-7379. [PMID: 32835478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report level-resolved rate coefficients for collision-induced rotational energy transfer in the 7Li2*-Ne system, with 7Li2* in the highly electronically excited E(3)1Σg+(vi = 4, ji = 31) and F(4)1Σg+(vi = 10, ji = 31) states. The distributions of rate coefficients are strikingly different from those previously measured for the A(1)1Σu+(vi = 2-24, ji = 30) state of the same molecule, falling off much more rapidly with increasing rotational quantum number change |Δj|. The reason for the difference was explored by means of an inverse Monte Carlo approach employing classical trajectories and a model potential, which was adjusted to give agreement with experiment. The modeling strongly suggests that the E and F state interaction potentials are much more nearly isotropic than that of the A state. The resulting dramatic reduction in rate coefficient, especially for large |Δj|, may be relevant in the relaxation of gases at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Fanthorpe
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Yunxiao Gao
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Brian Stewart
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
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Jones J, Richter K, Price TJ, Ross AJ, Crozet P, Faust C, Malenda RF, Carlus S, Hickman AP, Huennekens J. Rotationally inelastic collisions of excited NaK and NaCs molecules with noble gas and alkali atom perturbers. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:144303. [PMID: 29031279 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report measurements of rate coefficients at T ≈ 600 K for rotationally inelastic collisions of NaK molecules in the 2(A)1Σ+ electronic state with helium, argon, and potassium atom perturbers. Several initial rotational levels J between 14 and 44 were investigated. Collisions involving molecules in low-lying vibrational levels (v = 0, 1, and 2) of the 2(A)1Σ+ state were studied using Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Collisions involving molecules in a higher vibrational level, v = 16, were studied using pump/probe, optical-optical double resonance spectroscopy. In addition, polarization spectroscopy measurements were carried out to study the transfer of orientation in these collisions. Many, but not all, of the measurements were carried out in the "single-collision regime" where more than one collision is unlikely to occur within the lifetime of the excited molecule. The analysis of the experimental data, which is described in detail, includes an estimate of effects of multiple collisions on the reported rate coefficients. The most significant result of these experiments is the observation of a strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in collisions involving either helium or argon atoms; the propensity is much stronger for helium than for argon. For the initial rotational levels studied experimentally, almost all initial orientation is preserved in collisions of NaK 2(A)1Σ+ molecules with helium. Roughly between 1/3 and 2/3 of the orientation is preserved in collisions with argon, and almost all orientation is destroyed in collisions with potassium atoms. Complementary measurements on rotationally inelastic collisions of NaCs 2(A)1Σ+ with argon do not show a ΔJ = even propensity. The experimental results are compared with new theoretical calculations of collisions of NaK 2(A)1Σ+ with helium and argon. The calculations are in good agreement with the absolute magnitudes of the experimentally determined rate coefficients and accurately reproduce the very strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in helium collisions and the less strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in argon collisions. The calculations also show that collisions with helium are less likely to destroy orientation than collisions with argon, in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jones
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - K Richter
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - T J Price
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - A J Ross
- Institut Lumière Matiere, UMR 5306 Université Lyon I-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - P Crozet
- Institut Lumière Matiere, UMR 5306 Université Lyon I-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Faust
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - R F Malenda
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - S Carlus
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - A P Hickman
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - J Huennekens
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Ruiz A, Palao JP. Effects of classical nonlinear resonances in grazing diatom-surface collisions. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:084302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4746689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rosenberry M, Marhatta R, Stewart B. Comparison of rotationally inelastic rate constants for <mml:math altimg="si3.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Li</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mspace width="0.35em"/><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>A</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>u</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>v</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mtext>,</mml:mtext><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>j</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math> + Ne measured using pulsed and cw lasers. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wolfe CM, Ashman S, Bai J, Beser B, Ahmed EH, Lyyra AM, Huennekens J. Collisional transfer of population and orientation in NaK. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:174301. [PMID: 21548681 DOI: 10.1063/1.3575234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collisional satellite lines with |ΔJ| ≤ 58 have been identified in recent polarization spectroscopy V-type optical-optical double resonance (OODR) excitation spectra of the Rb(2) molecule [H. Salami et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 022515 (2009)]. Observation of these satellite lines clearly requires a transfer of population from the rotational level directly excited by the pump laser to a neighboring level in a collision of the molecule with an atomic perturber. However to be observed in polarization spectroscopy, the collision must also partially preserve the angular momentum orientation, which is at least somewhat surprising given the extremely large values of ΔJ that were observed. In the present work, we used the two-step OODR fluorescence and polarization spectroscopy techniques to obtain quantitative information on the transfer of population and orientation in rotationally inelastic collisions of the NaK molecules prepared in the 2(A)(1)Σ(+)(v' = 16, J' = 30) rovibrational level with argon and potassium perturbers. A rate equation model was used to study the intensities of these satellite lines as a function of argon pressure and heat pipe oven temperature, in order to separate the collisional effects of argon and potassium atoms. Using a fit of this rate equation model to the data, we found that collisions of NaK molecules with potassium atoms are more likely to transfer population and destroy orientation than collisions with argon atoms. Collisions with argon atoms show a strong propensity for population transfer with ΔJ = even. Conversely, collisions with potassium atoms do not show this ΔJ = even propensity, but do show a propensity for ΔJ = positive compared to ΔJ = negative, for this particular initial state. The density matrix equations of motion have also been solved numerically in order to test the approximations used in the rate equation model and to calculate fluorescence and polarization spectroscopy line shapes. In addition, we have measured rate coefficients for broadening of NaK 3(1)Π ← 2(A)(1)Σ(+)spectral lines due to collisions with argon and potassium atoms. Additional broadening, due to velocity changes occurring in rotationally inelastic collisions, has also been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Wolfe
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Stewart BA, Stephens TN, Lawrence BA, McBane GC. Rovibrational Energy Transfer in Ne−Li2(A1Σu+,v=0): Comparison of Experimental Data and Results from Classical and Quantum Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9875-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103504a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Stewart
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401
| | - Troy N. Stephens
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401
| | - Barbara A. Lawrence
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401
| | - George C. McBane
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, and Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401
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9
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Faure A, Wiesenfeld L, Wernli M, Valiron P. The role of rotation in the vibrational relaxation of water by hydrogen molecules. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:104309. [PMID: 16178599 DOI: 10.1063/1.2033767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrational relaxation cross sections of the H(2)O(upsilon(2) = 1) bending mode by H(2) molecules are calculated on a recent high-accuracy ab initio potential-energy surface using quasiclassical trajectory calculations. The role of molecular rotation is investigated at a collisional energy of 3500 cm(-1) and it is shown that initial rotational excitation significantly enhances the total (rotationally summed) vibrational relaxation cross sections. A strong and complex dependence on the orientation of the water angular momentum is also observed, suggesting the key role played by the asymmetry of water. Despite the intrinsic limitations of classical mechanics, these exploratory results suggest that quantum approximations based on a complete decoupling of rotation and vibration, such as the widely used vibrational close-coupling (rotational) infinite-order-sudden method, would significantly underestimate rovibrationally inelastic cross sections. We also present some rationale for the absence of dynamical chaos in the scattering process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Faure
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5571 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier, Boîte Postale, Grenoble, France.
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Waclawik ER, Lawrance WD. Rotational Changes Accompanying Vibrational Transfer in Low-Energy Collisions between Benzene and H 2, D 2, and CH 4. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035560+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Waclawik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Warren D. Lawrance
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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Krems RV. Vibrational relaxation of vibrationally and rotationally excited CO molecules by He atoms. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1451061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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