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Jones J, Richter K, Price TJ, Ross AJ, Crozet P, Faust C, Malenda RF, Carlus S, Hickman AP, Huennekens J. Rotationally inelastic collisions of excited NaK and NaCs molecules with noble gas and alkali atom perturbers. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:144303. [PMID: 29031279 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report measurements of rate coefficients at T ≈ 600 K for rotationally inelastic collisions of NaK molecules in the 2(A)1Σ+ electronic state with helium, argon, and potassium atom perturbers. Several initial rotational levels J between 14 and 44 were investigated. Collisions involving molecules in low-lying vibrational levels (v = 0, 1, and 2) of the 2(A)1Σ+ state were studied using Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Collisions involving molecules in a higher vibrational level, v = 16, were studied using pump/probe, optical-optical double resonance spectroscopy. In addition, polarization spectroscopy measurements were carried out to study the transfer of orientation in these collisions. Many, but not all, of the measurements were carried out in the "single-collision regime" where more than one collision is unlikely to occur within the lifetime of the excited molecule. The analysis of the experimental data, which is described in detail, includes an estimate of effects of multiple collisions on the reported rate coefficients. The most significant result of these experiments is the observation of a strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in collisions involving either helium or argon atoms; the propensity is much stronger for helium than for argon. For the initial rotational levels studied experimentally, almost all initial orientation is preserved in collisions of NaK 2(A)1Σ+ molecules with helium. Roughly between 1/3 and 2/3 of the orientation is preserved in collisions with argon, and almost all orientation is destroyed in collisions with potassium atoms. Complementary measurements on rotationally inelastic collisions of NaCs 2(A)1Σ+ with argon do not show a ΔJ = even propensity. The experimental results are compared with new theoretical calculations of collisions of NaK 2(A)1Σ+ with helium and argon. The calculations are in good agreement with the absolute magnitudes of the experimentally determined rate coefficients and accurately reproduce the very strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in helium collisions and the less strong propensity for ΔJ = even transitions in argon collisions. The calculations also show that collisions with helium are less likely to destroy orientation than collisions with argon, in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jones
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - K Richter
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - T J Price
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - A J Ross
- Institut Lumière Matiere, UMR 5306 Université Lyon I-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - P Crozet
- Institut Lumière Matiere, UMR 5306 Université Lyon I-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Faust
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - R F Malenda
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - S Carlus
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - A P Hickman
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - J Huennekens
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Dobrev
- ILM Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
- Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J. Morville
- ILM Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - D. W. Tokaryk
- Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - A. J. Ross
- ILM Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - P. Crozet
- ILM Institut Lumière Matière, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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Salami H, Ross AJ, Crozet P, Jastrzebski W, Kowalczyk P, Le Roy RJ. A full analytic potential energy curve for the a 3 Sigma+ state of KLi from a limited vibrational data set. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:194313. [PMID: 17523810 DOI: 10.1063/1.2734973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourier transform spectra of near-infrared laser-induced fluorescence in (39)K(6)Li show transitions to high vibrational levels of both the X (1)Sigma(+) and a (3)Sigma(+) electronic states. These include 147 transitions into six vibrational levels of the a (3)Sigma(+) state, which lie between 7 and 88 cm(-1) below the dissociation asymptote. Unfortunately, their energies span less than 30% of the well depth. However, fitting those data to eigenvalues of analytical model potential functions whose outer limbs incorporate the theoretically predicted long-range form, V(R) approximately D-C(6)R(6)-C(8)R(8), yields complete, plausible potential curves for this state. The best fits converge to remarkably similar solutions which indicate that D(e)=287(+/-4) cm(-1) and R(e)=4.99(+/-0.09) A for the a (3)Sigma(+) state of KLi, with omega(e)=47.3(+/-1.4) and 44.2(+/-1.5) cm(-1) for (39)K(6)Li and (39)K(7)Li, respectively. Properties of the resulting potential are similar to those of a published ab initio potential and are consistent with those of the analogous states of Li(2), K(2), Na(2), and NaK.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Salami
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5579), 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Manaa MR, Ross AJ, Martin F, Crozet P, Lyyra AM, Li L, Amiot C, Bergeman T. Spin–orbit interactions, new spectral data, and deperturbation of the coupled b 3∏u and A 1∑u+ states of K2. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1522716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bosch E, Crozet P, Ross AJ, Brown JM. Fourier Transform Spectra of the E(2)Pi(u)-X(2)Pi(g)((3/2)) System of CuCl(2). J Mol Spectrosc 2000; 202:253-261. [PMID: 10877955 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.2000.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of the laser-induced fluorescence of (63)Cu(37)Cl(2) produced in a cell have been recorded following excitation of a single vibronic level of the E(2)Pi(u) electronic state. Fluorescence occurs in combination bands to a broad spread of levels in the ground electronic state. A global vibronic model is proposed for the ground state based on an effective Hamiltonian, which fits the experimental data (2782 fluorescence lines, lower state quantum numbers: v(1) = 0-6, v(2) = 0-2, v(3) = 0-6, and J = 4(1/2)-80(1/2)) to 0.019 cm(-1) rms error. Vibrational, rotational and Renner-Teller parameters are obtained (e.g., omega(2) = 95.195(36) cm(-1), B(e) = 0.055106(3) cm(-1), epsilon = -0.1893(28)). A revised value for the equilibrium internuclear distance Cu-Cl is deduced: r(e)(Cu-Cl) = 0.20341(3) nm. The energy diagram of vibronic levels in the ground state is plotted up to 4000 cm(-1). Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bosch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR 5579, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon I, 43 Bd du 11 Nov. 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
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Linton C, Martin F, Ross AJ, Russier I, Crozet P, Yiannopoulou A, Li L, Lyyra AM. The High-Lying Vibrational Levels and Dissociation Energy of the a3Sigma+u State of 7Li2. J Mol Spectrosc 1999; 196:20-28. [PMID: 10361055 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Perturbation-facilitated optical-optical double resonance (PFOODR) has been used to access the 2(3)Pig state of 7Li2 via the excitation scheme using two single-mode tunable lasers. The selected () mixed level provides a gateway through which the triplet manifold can be accessed. Fluorescence from single rovibrational levels of 2(3)Pig to the state was detected at high resolution using a Fourier transform spectrometer. Transitions to v = 0-9 in the state were observed, covering the potential well almost to the dissociation limit. The data were analyzed using a near dissociation expansion (NDE) technique and the resulting vibrational and rotational parameters were used to calculate a new RKR potential curve which reproduced the observed energy levels to within a rms error of 0.02 cm-1. The following parameters were obtained for the state: D0 = 301.829 +/- 0.015 cm-1, De = 333.69 +/- 0.10 cm-1, Te = 8183.12 +/- 0.12 cm-1. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Linton
- Physics Department, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
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Ross AJ, Crozet P, Linton C, Martin F, Russier I, Yiannopoulou A. On the 5d 1Pig --> 2 (1)Sigma+<INF POS="STACK">u and 5d 1Pig --> C 1Piu Fluorescence in 7Li2. J Mol Spectrosc 1998; 191:28-31. [PMID: 9724577 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1998.7607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Following excitation of the 5d 1Pig Rydberg state of 7Li2 by optical-optical double resonance, fluorescence has been observed in the infrared region to the 2 (1)Sigma+<INF POS="STACK">u and C 1Piu states. Analysis of high-resolution Fourier transform spectra yields term energies and rotational constants of the lowest seven vibrational levels of the inner well of the 2 (1)Sigma+<INF POS="STACK">u "double minimum" state. The equilibrium term value and dissociation energy have been determined to be Te = 30101.45 +/- 0.12 cm-1 and De = 5621.3 +/- 0.2 cm-1. The v = 0 and 1 levels of the C 1Piu state have been analyzed, resulting in new values of Te = 30551.0 +/- 0.1 cm-1 and De = 7773.3 +/- 0.2 cm-1. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- AJ Ross
- Bâtiment 205, UniversitéLyon I, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, France
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Affiliation(s)
- I. R. Beattie
- Department of Geology, Southampton University, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Empress Dock, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, England, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, England, and Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire (UMR 5579 du CNRS), Bâtiment 205, Université Lyon I, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Lamrini M, Bacis R, Cerny D, Churassy S, Crozet P, Ross AJ. The electronic transition dipole moment of the B0+u→X0+g transition in iodine. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.466732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Crozet P, Coste J, Bacis R, Bouvier A, Churassy S, Ross A. Study of isotope effects in the ground state of the symmetrical isotopomers of CuCl2. Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(93)85088-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bouvier A, Bacis R, Bonnet J, Churassy S, Crozet P, Erba B, Koffend J, Lamarre J, Lamrini M, Pigache D, Ross A. Comparison of emission spectra of CuCl2 obtained via energy transfer from O2(1Δg) with laser-induced fluorescence spectra. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(91)87177-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nota M, Bouvier AJ, Bacis R, Bouvier A, Crozet P, Churassy S, Koffend JB. The dissociation of iodine by singlet molecular oxygen; role of the vibrational reservoir state A’(2u). J Chem Phys 1989. [DOI: 10.1063/1.457049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Barakat B, Bacis R, Carrot F, Churassy S, Crozet P, Martin F, Verges J. Extensive analysis of the X1Σ+g ground state of 7Li2 by laser-induced fluorescence Fourier transform spectrometry. Chem Phys 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(86)85133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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