1
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Liu XH, He Y, Li Z, Cheng AH, Song Z, Yu ZX, Chai S, Cheng C, He C. Size transformation of Au nanoclusters for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation: Interaction behavior at nanocluster/semiconductor interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:368-375. [PMID: 37544225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) become a new class of photosensitizer for light energy conversion in metal-cluster-sensitized semiconductor (MCSS) system. However, fundamental understanding for the suitable combination of NCs and semiconductor is still unclear. Aside from aspects of light harvesting, energy level alignment and catalytic activity, interfacial interaction behavior at NCs/semiconductor interface is also crucial due to its important influence in charge transportation. In this work, the interface interaction between Au NCs and TiO2 is examined by precise transformation of Au NCs from Au22(SG)18 to Au18(SG)14, as well as its effect on photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. From the optical, charge transport and solid-states spectroscopy analyses, it is able to display that precisely tuning the number of core atoms from Au22(SG)18 to Au18(SG)14 results in the strong interface interaction between Au NCs and TiO2, reflecting in high difference of work function and modified surface band bending of TiO2, therefore promoting the injection of electrons from NCs to TiO2 and reducing interfacial charges recombination. As a result, Au18(SG)14/TiO2 shows higher hydrogen generation rate than Au22(SG)18/TiO2 under light irradiation. This work would provide new insights into rational combination of metal NCs with semiconductor and highlights the overlooked effect of interfacial interaction behavior on light energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-He Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ai-Hua Cheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhiqi Song
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, NY 10025, USA
| | - Shouning Chai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Chi He
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
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2
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Nguyen VC, Nimbalkar DB, Hoang Huong V, Lee YL, Teng H. Elucidating the mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of bicarbonate (aqueous CO 2) into formate and other organics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:918-928. [PMID: 37392682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under solar irradiation is an ideal approach to mitigating global warming, and reducing aqueous forms of CO2 that interact strongly with a catalyst (e.g., HCO3-) is a promising strategy to expedite such reductions. This study uses Pt-deposited graphene oxide dots as a model photocatalyst to elucidate the mechanism of HCO3- reduction. The photocatalyst steadily catalyzes the reduction of an HCO3- solution (at pH = 9) containing an electron donor under 1-sun illumination over a period of 60 h to produce H2 and organic compounds (formate, methanol, and acetate). H2 is derived from solution-contained H2O, which undergoes photocatalytic cleavage to produce •H atoms. Isotopic analysis reveals that all of the organics formed via interactions between HCO3- and •H. This study proposes mechanistic steps, which are governed by the reacting behavior of the •H, to correlate the electron transfer steps and product formation of this photocatalysis. This photocatalysis achieves overall apparent quantum efficiency of 27% in the formation of reaction products under monochromatic irradiation at 420 nm. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of aqueous-phase photocatalysis in converting aqueous CO2 into valuable chemicals and the importance of H2O-derived •H in governing the product selectivity and formation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Can Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Dipak B Nimbalkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Vu Hoang Huong
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Yuh-Lang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsisheng Teng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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3
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Kim Y, Wi DH, Hong JW, Han SW. Plasmonic Nanocrystal Assembly-Semiconductor Hybrids for Boosting Visible to Near-Infrared Photocatalysis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18641-18651. [PMID: 37702701 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic metal-semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts have received much attention because of their wide light harvesting range and efficient charge carrier generation capability originating from plasmon energy transfer. Here, we introduce a plasmonic metal-semiconductor hybrid nanostructure consisting of a Au core-satellite assembly and crystalline TiO2. The formation of Au@TiO2-Au core-satellite assemblies using TiO2 as a spacer and the subsequent growth of outer TiO2 shells on the core-satellite assemblies, followed by calcination, successfully generated Au core-satellite assembly@TiO2 nanostructures. Exquisite control over the growth of the TiO2 interlayer enabled the regulation of the gap distance between the core and satellite Au nanocrystals within the same hybrid morphology. Due to the structural controllability of the present approach, the gap-distance-dependent plasmonic and photocatalytic properties of the hybrid nanostructures could be explored. The nanostructures possessing the most closely arranged Au nanocrystals showed high photocatalytic activity under visible to near-infrared light irradiation, which can be attributed to strong plasmon coupling between the core and satellite Au nanocrystals that can expedite the formation of intense plasmon energy and its transfer to TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyeon Kim
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dae Han Wi
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44776, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Han
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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4
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Karaca M, Eroğlu Z, Açışlı Ö, Metin Ö, Karaca S. Boosting Tetracycline Degradation with an S-Scheme Heterojunction of N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots-Decorated TiO 2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26597-26609. [PMID: 37521662 PMCID: PMC10373195 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) derived from the Rumex crispus L. plant were incorporated into TiO2 via a facile hydrothermal method. As-prepared materials were characterized and used in the photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) degradation under UVA light irradiation by examining several operational parameters involving the N-CQDs amount, initial TC concentration, pH, and photocatalytic reaction time. XRD analysis revealed the conversion of the rutile phase to the anatase phase after the incorporation of N-CQDs into the TiO2 structure. The results revealed that the N-CQDs/TiO2 photocatalysts demonstrated the highest efficiency in TC degradation compared to other processes of adsorption, photolysis (UVA), and photocatalysis with TiO2 (TiO2/UVA). Under optimized conditions, 10 mg/L TC at pH 5.15 with 0.2 g/L N-CQDs/TiO2 catalyst showed 97.7% photocatalytic degradation for 120 min under UVA irradiation. The formation of an S-scheme heterojunction between N-CQDs and TiO2 provided enhanced charge separation and strong redox capability, causing significant improvement in the photocatalytic performance of N-CQDs/TiO2. Trapping experiments showed that O2•- and h+ are the predominant reactive species for the TC elimination in an aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Karaca
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zafer Eroğlu
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç
University, Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özkan Açışlı
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Önder Metin
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç
University, Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç
University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Karaca
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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5
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Okotrub AV, Sedelnikova OV, Gorodetskiy DV, Fedorenko AD, Asanov IP, Palyanov YN, Lapega AV, Gurova OA, Bulusheva LG. Effect of Titanium and Molybdenum Cover on the Surface Restructuration of Diamond Single Crystal during Annealing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1650. [PMID: 36837276 PMCID: PMC9965767 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Diamond is an important material for electrical and electronic devices. Because the diamond is in contact with the metal in these applications, it becomes necessary to study the metal-diamond interaction and the structure of the interface, in particular, at elevated temperatures. In this work, we study the interaction of the (100) and (111) surfaces of a synthetic diamond single crystal with spattered titanium and molybdenum films. Atomic force microscopy reveals a uniform coating of titanium and the formation of flattened molybdenum nanoparticles. A thin titanium film is completely oxidized upon contact with air and passes from the oxidized state to the carbide state upon annealing in an ultrahigh vacuum at 800 °C. Molybdenum interacts with the (111) diamond surface already at 500 °C, which leads to the carbidization of its nanoparticles and catalytic graphitization of the diamond surface. This process is much slower on the (100) diamond surface; sp2-hybridized carbon is formed on the diamond and the top of molybdenum carbide nanoparticles, only when the annealing temperature is raised to 800 °C. The conductivity of the resulting sample is improved when compared to the Ti-coated diamond substrates and the Mo-coated (111) substrate annealed at 800 °C. The presented results could be useful for the development of graphene-on-diamond electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga V. Sedelnikova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Igor P. Asanov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yury N. Palyanov
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Olga A. Gurova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov G. Bulusheva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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6
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Wang H, Wei Y, Wang G, Pu Y, Yuan L, Liu C, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Wu H. Selective Nitridation Crafted a High-Density, Carbon-Free Heterostructure Host with Built-In Electric Field for Enhanced Energy Density Li-S Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201823. [PMID: 35712758 PMCID: PMC9376747 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To achieve both high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, it is essential yet challenging to develop low-porosity dense electrodes along with diminishment of the electrolyte and other lightweight inactive components. Herein, a compact TiO2 @VN heterostructure with high true density (5.01 g cm-3 ) is proposed crafted by ingenious selective nitridation, serving as carbon-free dual-capable hosts for both sulfur and lithium. As a heavy S host, the interface-engineered heterostructure integrates adsorptive TiO2 with high conductive VN and concurrently yields a built-in electric field for charge-redistribution at the TiO2 /VN interfaces with enlarged active locations for trapping-migration-conversion of polysulfides. Thus-fabricated TiO2 @VN-S composite harnessing high tap-density favors constructing dense cathodes (≈1.7 g cm-3 ) with low porosity (<30 vol%), exhibiting dual-boosted cathode-level peak volumetric-/gravimetric-energy-densities nearly 1700 Wh L-1 cathode /1000 Wh kg-1 cathode at sulfur loading of 4.2 mg cm-2 and prominent areal capacity (6.7 mAh cm-2 ) at 7.6 mg cm-2 with reduced electrolyte (<10 µL mg-1 sulfur ). Particular lithiophilicity of the TiO2 @VN is demonstrated as Li host to uniformly tune Li nucleation with restrained dendrite growth, consequently bestowing the assembled full-cell with high electrode-level volumetric/gravimetric-energy-density beyond 950 Wh L-1 cathode+anode /560 Wh kg-1 cathode+anode at 3.6 mg cm-2 sulfur loading alongside limited lithium excess (≈50%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Yunhong Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Guochuan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Yiran Pu
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Li Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Can Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Qian Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
| | - Hao Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & DevicesMinistry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610065China
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7
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Baues S, Vocke H, Harms L, Rücker KK, Wark M, Wittstock G. Combinatorial Screening of Cu-W Oxide-Based Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6590-6603. [PMID: 35076196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide libraries for photoanodes for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were generated by printing a metal salt solution in an array layout, followed by calcination to yield 22 ternary metal oxide systems. The libraries included a ternary metal cation system based on CuWO4 with one out of eight transition or posttransition metal ions Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Bi, and Ga in different overall atomic ratios. The photocatalyst libraries were screened by scanning photoelectrochemical microscopy for the highest anodic photocurrents. Array elements that showed promising performance were printed in another set of eight libraries with smaller increments of overall composition. Improved performance with respect to CuWO4 was found for Ga, Co, and Ni as the third element. A comparison of the most active composition of those arrays within one library showed the highest activity for Cu48Ga3W49Ox. Printing spots of identical composition (Cu48Ga3W49Ox, Cu44Ni9W47Ox, and Cu44Co9W47Ox) over a larger area facilitated further characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, chopped light voltammetry, and scanning electrochemical microscopy for the OER. High and stable steady-state photocurrents were generated in a photoelectrochemical cell for all three electrodes even at a low constant bias voltage. The best overall photoanode composition Cu48Ga3W49Ox showed currents that were 36 times higher than the currents of the binary Cu50W50Ox system. Significant n-doping was found by UPS valence band spectra for Ga-containing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Baues
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Heinrich Vocke
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lena Harms
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin K Rücker
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wark
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Wittstock
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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8
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Cui Z, Wang H, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Tian H, Yin Z, Li J. Controllable oxidation of cyclohexanone to produce sodium adipate in an electrochemical reactor with a Pt NPs/Ti membrane electrode. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2021-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An electrocatalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) with an anode consisting of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) loaded on a Ti membrane electrode (Pt NPs/Ti) was designed to oxidize cyclohexanone (K) to produce sodium adipate (SA) under mild conditions. The effects of residence time, reaction temperature, current density and initial K concentration on K conversion were investigated. Optimization experiments were conducted to determine the effects of and interactions between different operating parameters on K conversion using a central composite design within the response surface methodology. A 88.3% conversion of K and 99% selectivity to SA were obtained by the ECMR under the optimum conditions of reaction temperature = 30.8 °C, K concentration = 22.54 mmol L−1, residence time = 25 min and current density = 2.07 mA cm−2. The high performance of the ECMR is attributed to electrocatalytic oxidation (at the Pt NPs/Ti electrode), convection-enhanced mass transfer, and the timely removal of the desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
| | - Zishang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , 518060 , PR China
| | - Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
| | - Zhen Yin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457 , PR China
| | - Jianxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes , Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Tianjin 300387 , PR China
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9
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Shamsaldeen AA, Kloo L, Yin Y, Gibson C, Adhikari SG, Andersson GG. Influence of TiO 2 surface defects on the adsorption of N719 dye molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22160-22173. [PMID: 34581338 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02283k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface defects influence the dye adsorption on TiO2 used as a substrate in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, we have used different Ar+ sputtering doses to create a controlled density of defects on a TiO2 surface exposed to different pre-heating temperatures in order to analyse the influence of defects on the N719 dye adsorption. TiO2 was pre-treated using two different treatments. The first treatment involved heating to 200 °C with subsequent sputtering at different doses. The second treatment included heating only, but at four different temperatures starting at 200 °C. After the pre-treatments, the TiO2 samples were immersed into an N719 dye solution for 24 hours at room temperature to dye the TiO2 substrates. The amount of Ti3+ surface defects introduced by the different pre-treatments and their influence on dye adsorption onto the TiO2 surface were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and metastable induced electron spectroscopy (MIES). Neutral impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (NICISS) was used to determine the coverage of the TiO2 surface by adsorbed dye molecules. It was found that Ti3+ surface defects were formed by Ar+ sputtering but not by pre-treatment through heating alone. MIES analysis of the outer-most layer and density of states calculations show that the thiocyanate ligand of the N719 dye becomes directed away from the TiO2 surface. Both XPS and NICISS results indicate that the amount of adsorbed N719 dye decreases with increasing density of Ti3+ surface defects. Thus, the generation of surface defects reduces the ability of the TiO2 surface to adsorb the dye molecules. Heating alone as pre-treatment of the TiO2 substrates instead increases the dye adsorption, without causing detectable defects on the TiO2 surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Shamsaldeen
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Lars Kloo
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yanting Yin
- Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - Christopher Gibson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. .,Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - Sunita Gautam Adhikari
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Gunther G Andersson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia. .,Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
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10
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Nguyen VC, Nimbalkar DB, Nam LD, Lee YL, Teng H. Photocatalytic Cellulose Reforming for H2 and Formate Production by Using Graphene Oxide-Dot Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van-Can Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Dipak B. Nimbalkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Le D. Nam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsisheng Teng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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11
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Doudin N, Collinge G, Gurunathan PK, Lee MS, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R, Dohnálek Z. Creating self-assembled arrays of mono-oxo (MoO 3) 1 species on TiO 2(101) via deposition and decomposition of (MoO 3) n oligomers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2017703118. [PMID: 33472974 PMCID: PMC7848584 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017703118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hierarchically ordered oxides are of critical importance in material science and catalysis. Unfortunately, the design and synthesis of such systems remains a key challenge to realizing their potential. In this study, we demonstrate how the deposition of small oligomeric (MoO3)1-6 clusters-formed by the facile sublimation of MoO3 powders-leads to the self-assembly of locally ordered arrays of immobilized mono-oxo (MoO3)1 species on anatase TiO2(101). Using both high-resolution imaging and theoretical calculations, we reveal the dynamic behavior of the oligomers as they spontaneously decompose at room temperature, with the TiO2 surface acting as a template for the growth of this hierarchically structured oxide. Transient mobility of the oligomers on both bare and (MoO3)1-covered TiO2(101) areas is identified as key to the formation of a complete (MoO3)1 overlayer with a saturation coverage of one (MoO3)1 per two undercoordinated surface Ti sites. Simulations reveal a dynamic coupling of the reaction steps to the TiO2 lattice fluctuations, the absence of which kinetically prevents decomposition. Further experimental and theoretical characterizations demonstrate that (MoO3)1 within this material are thermally stable up to 500 K and remain chemically identical with a single empty gap state produced within the TiO2 band structure. Finally, we see that the constituent (MoO3)1 of this material show no proclivity for step and defect sites, suggesting they can reliably be grown on the (101) facet of TiO2 nanoparticles without compromising their chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassar Doudin
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Greg Collinge
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Pradeep Kumar Gurunathan
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Mal-Soon Lee
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354;
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Zdenek Dohnálek
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354;
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163
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12
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Schneider A, Efrati A, Alon S, Sohmer M, Etgar L. Green energy by recoverable triple-oxide mesostructured perovskite photovoltaics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31010-31017. [PMID: 33229514 PMCID: PMC7733784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013242117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have developed into a promising branch of renewable energy. A combination of feasible manufacturing and renewable modules can offer an attractive advancement to this field. Herein, a screen-printed three-layered all-nanoparticle network was developed as a rigid framework for a perovskite active layer. This matrix enables perovskite to percolate and form a complementary photoactive network. Two porous conductive oxide layers, separated by a porous insulator, serve as a chemically stable substrate for the cells. Cells prepared using this scaffold structure demonstrated a power conversion efficiency of 11.08% with a high open-circuit voltage of 0.988 V. Being fully oxidized, the scaffold demonstrated a striking thermal and chemical stability, allowing for the removal of the perovskite while keeping the substrate intact. The application of a new perovskite in lieu of a degraded one exhibited a full regeneration of all photovoltaic performances. Exclusive recycling of the photoactive materials from solar cells paves a path for more sustainable green energy production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Schneider
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ariel Efrati
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Stav Alon
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Maayan Sohmer
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Lioz Etgar
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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13
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Yokoyama T, Nishitani Y, Miyamoto Y, Kusumoto S, Uchida R, Matsui T, Kawano K, Sekiguchi T, Kaneko Y. Improving the Open-Circuit Voltage of Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells by Band Alignment at the Electron Transport Layer/Perovskite Layer Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27131-27139. [PMID: 32427458 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are promising materials for realization of low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells. Because of the toxicity of lead, Sn-based perovskite materials have been developed as alternatives to enable fabrication of Pb-free perovskite solar cells. However, the solar cell performance of Sn-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) remains poor because of their large open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss. Sn-based perovskite materials have lower electron affinities than Pb-based perovskite materials, which result in larger conduction band offset (CBO) values at the interface between the Sn-based perovskite and a conventional electron transport layer (ETL) material such as TiO2. Herein, the relationship between the VOC and the CBO in these devices was studied to improve the solar cell performances of Sn-PSCs. It was found that the band offset at the ETL/perovskite layer interface affects the VOC of the Sn-PSCs significantly but does not affect that of the Pb-PSCs because the Sn-based perovskite material is a p-type semiconductor, unlike the Pb-based perovskite. It was also found that Nb2O5 has the CBO that is closest to zero for Sn-based perovskite materials, and the VOC values of Sn-PSCs that use Nb2O5 as their ETL are higher than those of Sn-PSCs using TiO2 or SnO2 ETLs. This study indicates that control of the energy alignment at the ETL/perovskite layer interface is an important factor in improving the VOC values of Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Yokoyama
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yu Nishitani
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyamoto
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Shohei Kusumoto
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Uchida
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Taisuke Matsui
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawano
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Sekiguchi
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kaneko
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
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14
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Darapaneni P, Kizilkaya O, Plaisance C, Dorman JA. Adsorption of Polarized Molecules for Interfacial Band Engineering of Doped TiO 2 Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5839-5846. [PMID: 32369377 PMCID: PMC7304897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their chemical and mechanical stability, metal-oxides have emerged as potential alternatives for conventional pure-metal and organic molecule-based solid-state electronic devices. Traditionally, band engineering of these metal-oxides has been performed to improve the efficiency of solar cells and transistors. However, recent advancements in the field of oxide-based electronic devices demand reversible band structure engineering for applications in next-generation adaptive electronics and memory devices. Therefore, this work aims to reversibly engineer the surface band structure of doped metal-oxides using stable organic ligands with weak dipoles. Para-substituted benzoic acid (BZA) ligands with positive and negative dipole moments were adsorbed in situ on the surface of TiO2:Ni2+ thin film to modify the interfacial dipole moment, and the valence band structure was probed using surface-sensitive ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). UPS, paired with density functional theory (DFT) simulations, demonstrate the ability to selectively tune interfacial electronic/chemical landscapes with ligand-dependent dipole moment. The unique ability to reversibly tune the band bending at the organic-inorganic interface of doped metal-oxide semiconductors using molecular dipoles is expected to play a key role in the development of metal-oxide-based adaptive electronics that outperform the conventional polymer-based and Si-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragathi Darapaneni
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Orhan Kizilkaya
- Center
for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70806, United States
| | - Craig Plaisance
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - James A. Dorman
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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15
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Liu Q, Wang Z, Chen H, Wang H, Song H, Ye J, Weng Y. Rules for Selecting Metal Cocatalyst Based on Charge Transfer and Separation Efficiency between ZnO Nanoparticles and Noble Metal Cocatalyst Ag/ Au/ Pt. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Liu
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Zhuan Wang
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hailong Chen
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (Dongguan) Guangdong 523808 P. R. China
| | - Hao‐Yi Wang
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hui Song
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Jinhua Ye
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (Dongguan) Guangdong 523808 P. R. China
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16
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Tokarev S, Rumyantseva M, Nasriddinov A, Gaskov A, Moiseeva A, Fedorov Y, Fedorova O, Jonusauskas G. Electron injection effect in In 2O 3 and SnO 2 nanocrystals modified by ruthenium heteroleptic complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8146-8156. [PMID: 32249864 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp07016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the optical characteristics and conductivity under photoactivation with visible light of hybrids based on nanocrystalline SnO2 or In2O3 semiconductor matrixes and heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes were studied. The heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes were prepared based on 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine ligands. Nanocrystalline semiconductor oxides were obtained by chemical precipitation with subsequent thermal annealing and characterized by XRD, SEM and single-point BET methods. The heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes as well as hybrid materials were characterized by time-resolved luminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the surface modification of SnO2 nanoparticles with heteroleptic ruthenium complexes led to an increase in conductivity upon irradiation with light appropriate for absorption by organometallic complexes. In the case of In2O3, the deposition of Ru(ii) complexes resulted in a decrease in conductivity, apparently due to the special structure of the surface layer of the semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Tokarev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia. and Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Rumyantseva
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Abulkosim Nasriddinov
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Gaskov
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Moiseeva
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Fedorov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Olga Fedorova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia. and Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine - UMR CNRS 5798, University of Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
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17
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Si YH, Chen WM, Shang SK, Xia Y, Zeng XR, Zhou J, Li YY. g-C 3N 4/Pt/BiVO 4 nanocomposites for highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic removal of contaminants and hydrogen generation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:125706. [PMID: 31770738 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5bc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by natural photosynthesis, artificial heterojunction photocatalysts have been extensively studied. Herein, a novel ternary graphitic carbon nitride/platinum/bismuth vanadate (g-C3N4/Pt/BiVO4) photocatalytic system was successfully synthesized, where Pt/BiVO4 nanosheet is anchored on the surface of layered g-C3N4, as evidenced by structural observations. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy are carried out to identify the position of the conduction band and valence band. A Z-scheme is used to interpret the superior photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4/Pt/BiVO4 and further verified by the capture of free radicals and terephthalic acid photoluminescence experiments. Compared with the g-C3N4/BiVO4 binary system, the Z-scheme g-C3N4/Pt/BiVO4 photocatalyst not only possesses enhanced carrier separation efficiency but also maintains sufficient redox properties, thus inducing superior photocatalytic activity. More importantly, the novel Z-scheme photocatalyst exhibits excellent recycle stability, which could provide inspiration for the rational design of efficient and practical photocatalysts for environmental pollution treatment. The ternary photocatalyst also exhibits significantly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hui Si
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
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18
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Charge Transfer in Mixed-Phase TiO2 Photoelectrodes for Perovskite Solar Cells. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) the recombination processes within the TiO2 photoelectrode and at the TiO2/perovskite interface limit power conversion efficiency. To overcome this challenge, we investigated the effect of TiO2 phase composition on the electronic structure of TiO2 photoelectrodes, as well as on PSCs performance. For this, a set of PSCs based on TiO2 thin films with different content of anatase and rutile particles was fabricated under ambient conditions. X-ray diffraction, optical spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the structural, morphological and optical characteristics of TiO2 powders and TiO2-based thin films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of anatase revealed a cliff conduction band alignment of 0.2 eV with respect to the rutile. Energy band alignment at the anatase/rutile/perovskite interfaces deduced from the XPS data provides the possibility for interparticle electron transport from the rutile to anatase phase and the efficient blocking of electron recombination at the TiO2/perovskite interface, leading to efficient electron-hole separation in PSCs based on mixed-phase TiO2 photoelectrodes. PSCs based on TiO2 layers with 60/40 anatase/rutile ratio were characterized by optimized charge extraction and low level of recombination at the perovskite/TiO2 interface and showed the best energy conversion efficiency of 13.4% among the studied PSCs. Obtained results provide a simple and effective approach towards the development of the next generation high efficiency PSCs.
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19
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Jain N, Roy A, De A. Ba-addition induced enhanced surface reducibility of SrTiO 3: implications on catalytic aspects. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4938-4946. [PMID: 36133134 PMCID: PMC9417473 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00540d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface reducibility engineering is one of the vital tools to enhance the catalytic activity of materials. A heavy redox treatment can be utilized to affect the structure and surface of catalytic materials. Here, we choose SrTiO3 (STO) with a cubic perovskite structure as a system to induce oxygen vacancies by using nascent hydrogen from NaBH4 leading to a heavily reduced version of SrTiO3 (RSTO). To further understand the surface reduction and its dependence on foreign-ion (Ba) incorporation into SrTiO3, Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3 (SBTO) and BaTiO3 (BTO) are synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. The reduced version of the pristine and mixed oxide shows distinct optical absorptions, indicating oxygen vacancy-mediated reducibility engineering. Detailed CO oxidation experiments suggest the order of activity over the as-prepared and reduced supports as STO > SBTO > BTO and RSBTO > RSTO > RBTO, respectively. The interesting observation of reversal of CO oxidation activity over STO and SBTO after reduction negates the assumption of a similar intensity of reduction on the surfaces of these oxide supports. The fundamental aspect of surface reducibility is addressed using temperature programmed reduction/oxidation (TPR/TPO) and XPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Jain
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore-560012 India
| | - Ahin Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore
| | - Angana De
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore
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20
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WWMOD? What would metal oxides do?: Redefining their applicability in today’s energy technologies. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Fabrication of carbon quantum dots/TiO2/Fe2O3 composites and enhancement of photocatalytic activity under visible light. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Lee SH, Nishi H, Tatsuma T. Plasmon-induced charge separation at the interface between ITO nanoparticles and TiO 2 under near-infrared irradiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5674-5678. [PMID: 30799480 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07578f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced charge separation (PICS) by continuous electron injection from plasmonic compound nanoparticles to a semiconductor was achieved by using solid-state cells based on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanoparticles with a short capping agent and a TiO2 film. The cells extended the PICS range to longer wavelengths and exhibited photoresponses to 1500-2200 nm near-infrared light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyuk Lee
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
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23
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Abstract
A novel approach to analysis of complex gaseous mixtures is presented. The approach is based on the utilization of a compact gas chromatograph in combination with an array of highly integrated and selective metal oxide (MOX) sensors. Thanks to the implementation of a multisensory detector, the device collects multiple chromatograms in a single run. The sensors in the integrated MEMS platform are very distinct in their catalytic properties. Hence, the time separation by chromatographic column is complemented by catalytic separation by a multisensory detector. Furthermore, the device can perform the analysis in a broad range of concentrations, from ppb to hundreds of ppm. Low ppb and even sub-ppb levels of detection for some analytes were achieved. As a part of this effort, nanocomposite gas sensors were synthesized for selective detection of hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, alcohols, ketones, and heavy hydrocarbons.
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24
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Gopalraman A, Karuppuchamy S, Vijayaraghavan S. High efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells with VOC–JSC trade off eradication by interfacial engineering of the photoanode|electrolyte interface. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40292-40300. [PMID: 35542632 PMCID: PMC9076186 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08278f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfacial modification of the photoanode|electrolyte interface using oleic acid (OA) is thoroughly investigated in this present study. The overall photoconversion efficiency of 11.8% was achieved under the illumination of 100 mW cm−2 with an optical filter of AM 1.5 G. OA molecules were meant to be adsorbed on to the vacant areas of the TiO2 and the OA moieties leached out the aggregated C106 dye molecules from the TiO2 surface. There was a strong spectral overlap between the absorption spectrum of donor (OA) and the emission spectrum of acceptor (C106), leading to effective Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between OA and C106 and suggested an excellent opportunity to improve the photovoltaic performances of DSSCs. UV-vis DRS and UPS analysis revealed that OA molecules created new surface (mid-gap energy) states (SS) in TiO2 and these SS played a major role in the electron transport kinetics. Mott–Schottky analysis of DSSCs under dark conditions was carried out to find the shift in the flat band potential of TiO2 upon OA modification. Surprisingly, no trade off between VOC and JSC was observed after interfacial modification with OA. The dynamics of charge recombination and electron transport at the photoanode|electrolyte interface were studied in detail using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. VOC–JSC trade off is eliminated. Newly created surface states by OA in TiO2 facilitated the charge transfer kinetics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantharaj Gopalraman
- Corrosion and Materials Protection Division
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute
- Karaikudi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | | | - Saranyan Vijayaraghavan
- Corrosion and Materials Protection Division
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute
- Karaikudi
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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25
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You L, Gao M, Li T, Guo L, Chen P, Liu M. Investigation of the kinetics and mechanism of Z-scheme Ag3PO4/WO3 p–n junction photocatalysts with enhanced removal efficiency for RhB. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04369a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The activity of an Ag3PO4/polyhedron-like WO3 photocatalyst could be enhanced 27 times compared to P25 in the visible light-driven region towards RhB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha You
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- The Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan Province
- The Key Lab of Nano-information Materials of Zhengzhou
- Zhengzhou
| | - Minghuan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- The Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan Province
- The Key Lab of Nano-information Materials of Zhengzhou
- Zhengzhou
| | - Tiesheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- The Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan Province
- The Key Lab of Nano-information Materials of Zhengzhou
- Zhengzhou
| | - Linna Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- The Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan Province
- The Key Lab of Nano-information Materials of Zhengzhou
- Zhengzhou
| | - Penglei Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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Chen M, Wang GC, Shao LL, Yuan ZY, Qian X, Jing QS, Huang ZY, Xu DL, Yang SX. Strategic Design of Vacancy-Enriched Fe 1- xS Nanoparticles Anchored on Fe 3C-Encapsulated and N-Doped Carbon Nanotube Hybrids for High-Efficiency Triiodide Reduction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31208-31224. [PMID: 29999302 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new class of hybrids with the unique electrocatalytic nanoarchitecture of Fe1- xS anchored on Fe3C-encapsulated and N-doped carbon nanotubes (Fe1- xS/Fe3C-NCNTs) is innovatively synthesized through a facile one-step carbonization-sulfurization strategy. The efficient synthetic protocols on phase structure evolution and dynamic decomposition behavior enable the production of the Fe1- xS/Fe3C-NCNT hybrid with advanced structural and electronic properties, in which the Fe vacancy-contained Fe1- xS showed the 3d metallic state electrons and an electroactive Fe in +2/+3 valence, and the electronic structure of the CNT was effectively modulated by the incorporated Fe3C and N, with the work function decreased from 4.85 to 4.63 eV. The meticulous structural, electronic, and compositional control unveils the unusual synergetic catalytic properties for the Fe1- xS/Fe3C-NCNT hybrid when developed as counter electrodes (CEs) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), in which the Fe3C- and N-incorporated CNTs with reduced work function and increased charge density provide a highway for electron transport and facilitate the electron migration from Fe3C-NCNTs to ultrahigh active Fe1- xS with the electron-donating effect, and the Fe vacancy-enriched Fe1- xS nanoparticles exhibit ultrahigh I3- adsorption and charge-transfer ability. As a consequence, the DSSC based on the Fe1- xS/Fe3C-NCNT CE delivers a high power conversion efficiency of 8.67% and good long-term stability with a remnant efficiency of 8.00% after 168 h of illumination, superior to those of traditional Pt. Furthermore, the possible catalytic mechanism toward I3- reduction is creatively proposed based on the structure-activity correlation. In this work, the structure engineering, electronic modulation, and composition control opens up new possibilities in constructing the novel electrocatalytic nanoarchitecture for highly efficient CEs in DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang 464000 , China
| | | | - Leng-Leng Shao
- Grirem Advanced Materials Co., Ltd, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals , Beijing 100088 , China
| | | | - Xing Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , China
| | - Qiang-Shan Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang 464000 , China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang 464000 , China
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 700125 , United States
| | - Dong-Li Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang 464000 , China
| | - Shuang-Xia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang 464000 , China
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27
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Fabrication of B doped g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Camposeco R, Castillo S, Rodriguez-Gonzalez V, Hinojosa-Reyes M, Mejía-Centeno I. Tailored TiO2 nanostructures for supporting Rh3O2 and Rh0 nanoparticles: Enhanced photocatalytic H2 production. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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A facile coating method to construct uniform porous α-Fe2O3@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures with enhanced solar light photocatalytic activity. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Xia Y, Chen J, Zhu Z, Zhang Q, Yang H, Wang Q. Significantly enhanced dielectric and hydrophobic properties of SiO2@MgO/PMMA composite films. RSC Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12695f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we provide a feasible method to prepare high-dielectric-constant hydrophobic composite films, which show potential application as the insulator layer in electrowetting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Zhicai Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Qilong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
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31
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Lv HT, Li HM, Zou GD, Cui Y, Huang Y, Fan Y. Titanium-oxo clusters functionalized with catecholate-type ligands: modulating the optical properties through charge-transfer transitions. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8158-8163. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01844h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Charge transfer transitions effectively modulated the optical properties of the catecholate-type ligand functionalized titanium-oxo clusters [Ti8(μ3-O)2(μ2-O)2(μ2-OiPr)4(OiPr)8(O3PC6H5)4(cat)2] and [Ti8(μ3-O)2(μ2-O)2(μ2-OiPr)4(OiPr)8(O3PC6H5)4(O2C10H6)2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ting Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Hua-Min Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Guo-Dong Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Ying Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Yang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Yang Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
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32
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Maheu C, Cardenas L, Puzenat E, Afanasiev P, Geantet C. UPS and UV spectroscopies combined to position the energy levels of TiO2 anatase and rutile nanopowders. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25629-25637. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Positioning of absolute energy levels and the quantitative description of occupied levels obtained for TiO2 nanopowders, combining UPS and UV-Vis spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Maheu
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Luis Cardenas
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Eric Puzenat
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Pavel Afanasiev
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Christophe Geantet
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
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Lu H, Tian W, Gu B, Zhu Y, Li L. TiO 2 Electron Transport Bilayer for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1701535. [PMID: 28834132 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In planar perovskite solar cells, it is vital to engineer the extraction and recombination of electron-hole pairs at the electron transport layer/perovskite interface for obtaining high performance. This study reports a novel titanium oxide (TiO2 ) bilayer with different Fermi energy levels by combing atomic layer deposition and spin-coating technique. Energy band alignments of TiO2 bilayer can be modulated by controlling the deposition order of layers. The TiO2 bilayer based perovskite solar cells are highly efficient in carrier extraction, recombination suppression, and defect passivation, and thus demonstrate champion efficiencies up to 16.5%, presenting almost 50% enhancement compared to the TiO2 single layer based counterparts. The results suggest that the bilayer with type II band alignment as electron transport layers provides an efficient approach for constructing high-performance planar perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Bangkai Gu
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yayun Zhu
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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Flak D, Yate L, Nowaczyk G, Jurga S. Hybrid ZnPc@TiO 2 nanostructures for targeted photodynamic therapy, bioimaging and doxorubicin delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1072-1085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Xiao Y, Zhang C, Zhang X, Cai G, Zheng Y, Zheng Y, Zhong F, Jiang L. A Novel Highly Sensitive NO 2 Sensor Based on Perovskite Na 0.5+xBi 0.5TiO 3-δ Electrolyte. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4997. [PMID: 28694507 PMCID: PMC5504058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NOx is one of dangerous air pollutants, and the demands for reliable sensors to detect NOx are extremely urgent recently. Conventional fluorite-phase YSZ used for NOx sensor requires higher operating temperature to obtain desirable oxygen ion conductivity. In this work, perovskite-phase Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) oxygen conductor was chosen as the solid electrolyte to fabricate a novel highly sensitive NO2 sensor with CuO as the sensing electrode and Pt as reference electrode. Na dopped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 greatly improved the sensing performance of this sensor. The optimal sensor based on Na0.51Bi0.50TiO3−δ exhibited good response-recovery characteristics to NO2 and the response current values were almost linear to NO2 concentrations in the range of 50–500 ppm at 400–600 °C. The response current value towards NO2 reached maximum 11.23 μA at 575 °C and the value on NO2 is much higher than other gases (CH4, C2H4, C3H6, C3H8, CO), indicating good selectivity for detecting NO2. The response signals of the sensor were slightly affected by coexistent O2 varying from 2 to 21 vol% at 575 °C. The response current value decreased only 4.9% over 2 months, exhibiting the potential application in motor vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Chufan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Guohui Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fulan Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China.
| | - Lilong Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst (NERC-CFC), School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Gongye Road No. 523, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China.
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36
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Fan Y, Cui Y, Zou GD, Duan RH, Zhang X, Dong YX, Lv HT, Cao JT, Jing QS. A ferrocenecarboxylate-functionalized titanium-oxo-cluster: the ferrocene wheel as a sensitizer for photocurrent response. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:8057-8064. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01756a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ferrocenecarboxylate-functionalized titanium-oxo cluster [Ti6(μ3-O)6(OiPr)6(O2CFc)6] was synthesized, in which the ferrocene wheel performs as a sensitizer for photocurrent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fan
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Ying Cui
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Guo-Dong Zou
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Rui-Huan Duan
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Yu-Xiang Dong
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Hai-Ting Lv
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Jun-Tao Cao
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Qiang-Shan Jing
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
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37
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González-Moya JR, Garcia-Basabe Y, Rocco MLM, Pereira MB, Princival JL, Almeida LC, Araújo CM, David DGF, da Silva AF, Machado G. Effects of the large distribution of CdS quantum dot sizes on the charge transfer interactions into TiO2 nanotubes for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:285401. [PMID: 27251109 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/28/285401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen fuels generated by water splitting using a photocatalyst and solar irradiation are currently gaining the strength to diversify the world energy matrix in a green way. CdS quantum dots have revealed a hydrogen generation improvement when added to TiO2 materials under visible-light irradiation. In the present paper, we investigated the performance of TiO2 nanotubes coupled with CdS quantum dots, by a molecular bifunctional linker, on photocatalytic hydrogen generation. TiO2 nanotubes were obtained by anodization of Ti foil, followed by annealing to crystallize the nanotubes into the anatase phase. Afterwards, the samples were sensitized with CdS quantum dots via an in situ hydrothermal route using 3-mercaptopropionic acid as the capping agent. This sensitization technique permits high loading and uniform distribution of CdS quantum dots onto TiO2 nanotubes. The XPS depth profile showed that CdS concentration remains almost unchanged (homogeneous), while the concentration relative to the sulfate anion decreases by more than 80% with respect to the initial value after ∼100 nm in depth. The presence of sulfate anions is due to the oxidation of sulfide and occurs in greater proportion in the material surface. This protection for air oxidation inside the nanotubular matrix seemingly protected the CdS for photocorrosion in sacrificial solution leading to good stability properties proved by long duration, stable photocurrent measurements. The effect of the size and the distribution of sizes of CdS quantum dots attached to TiO2 nanotubes on the photocatalytic hydrogen generation were investigated. The experimental results showed three different behaviors when the reaction time of CdS synthesis was increased in the sensitized samples, i.e. similar, deactivation and activation effects on the hydrogen production with regard to TiO2 nanotubes. The deactivation effect was related to two populations of sizes of CdS, where the population with a shorter band gap acts as a trap for the electrons photogenerated by the population with a larger band gap. Electron transfer from CdS quantum dots to TiO2 semiconductor nanotubes was proven by the results of UPS measurements combined with optical band gap measurements. This property facilitates an improvement of the visible-light hydrogen evolution rate from zero, for TiO2 nanotubes, to approximately 0.3 μmol cm(-2) h(-1) for TiO2 nanotubes sensitized with CdS quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan R González-Moya
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil. Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste (CETENE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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38
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Liu X, Su Y, Zhao Q, Du C, Liu Z. Constructing Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing route for achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity and selectivity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28689. [PMID: 27340032 PMCID: PMC4919631 DOI: 10.1038/srep28689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports on the construction of a Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the phase transformation from BiOCl to Bi24O31Cl10 could be realized during the thermal annealing process. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) binding energy shifts, Raman spectra and Fouier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra confirmed the formation of the Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction. The obtained Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl photocatalyst showed excellent conversion efficiency and selectivity toward photocatalytic conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde under visible light irradiation. The radical scavengers and electron spin resonance (ESR) results suggested that the photogenerated holes were the dominant reactive species responsible for the photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol and superoxide radicals were not involved in the photocatalytic process. The in-situ generation of Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction may own superior interfacial contact than the two-step synthesized heterojunctions, which promotes the transfer of photogenerated charge carriers and is favorable for excellent photocatalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P. R. China
| | - Yiguo Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P. R. China
| | - Chunfang Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P. R. China
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Harwell JR, Baikie TK, Baikie ID, Payne JL, Ni C, Irvine JTS, Turnbull GA, Samuel IDW. Probing the energy levels of perovskite solar cells via Kelvin probe and UV ambient pressure photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19738-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02446g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a study of the energy levels present in a perovskite solar cell using Kelvin probe and UV air photoemission measurements. By constructing a detailed map of the energy levels in the system we are able to predict the maximum open circuit voltage of the solar cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. R. Harwell
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
| | - T. K. Baikie
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
| | | | - J. L. Payne
- EaSTChem
- School of Chemistry
- St Andrews University
- UK
| | - C. Ni
- EaSTChem
- School of Chemistry
- St Andrews University
- UK
| | | | - G. A. Turnbull
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
| | - I. D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre
- SUPA
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
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40
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Wang M, Pyeon M, Gönüllü Y, Kaouk A, Shen S, Guo L, Mathur S. Constructing Fe2O3/TiO2 core-shell photoelectrodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:10094-10100. [PMID: 25980730 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01493j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was utilized to co-axially modify hydrothermally grown Fe2O3 nanorod arrays by depositing a TiO2 overlayer to create Fe2O3/TiO2 core-shell photoelectrodes. Comprehensive structural (XRD, SEM, TEM) and compositional (XPS) analyses were performed to understand the effects of the TiO2 shell on the PEC activities of the Fe2O3 core. It was revealed that the heterojunction structure formed between TiO2 and Fe2O3, significantly improved the separation efficiency of photo-induced charge carriers and the oxygen evolution kinetics. A maximum photocurrent density of ∼900 μA cm(-2) at 0.6 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE) was obtained for the Fe2O3/TiO2 photoelectrodes, which was 5 and 18 times higher when compared to that of hydrothermally synthesized Fe2O3 and PECVD synthesized TiO2 electrodes, respectively. Moreover, the Fe2O3/TiO2 core-shell nanorod arrays displayed superior stability for PEC water splitting. During 5000 s PEC measurements, a steady decrease of the photocurrent was observed, mainly attributed to the evolution of oxygen bubbles adsorbed on the working electrodes. This observation was verified by the complete recovery of the PEC performance demonstrated for a second 5000 s PEC measurement carried out after a brief time interval (10 min) that allowed the electrode surface to regenerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China.
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41
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Electron Kinetics in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Employing Anatase with (101) and (001) Facets. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Zhao A, Masa J, Xia W. Very low amount of TiO2 on N-doped carbon nanotubes significantly improves oxygen reduction activity and stability of supported Pt nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:10767-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00369e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly dispersed TiO2 on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes is used to tackle the carbon corrosion problem when used as support for Pt in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhao
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry
- Ruhr-University Bochum
- Germany
| | - Justus Masa
- Analytical Chemistry and Center for Electrochemistry
- Ruhr-University Bochum
- Germany
| | - Wei Xia
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry
- Ruhr-University Bochum
- Germany
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43
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Ajimsha RS, Joshi MP, Mohan SR, Das AK, Misra P, Kukreja LM, Phase DM. Band offset at TiO2/MDMO PPV and TiO2/PEDOT PSS interfaces studied using photoelectron spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21227h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report band alignment and band offset studies across the interfaces of hetero-structures of TiO2 with MDMO PPV and PEDOT PSS using photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Ajimsha
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - M. P. Joshi
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - S. Raj Mohan
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - Amit. K. Das
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - P. Misra
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - L. M. Kukreja
- Laser Material Processing Division
- Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology
- Indore 452 013
- India
| | - D. M. Phase
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research
- Indore
- India
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44
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Xiao X, Yang H, Xu N, Hu L, Zhang Q. High performance of P(VDF-HFP)/Ag@TiO2 hybrid films with enhanced dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15681e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ag@TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles were synthesized as fillers using a simple vapor-thermal method and P(VDF-HFP)/Ag@TiO2 composites exhibited enhanced dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingrong Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Nuoxin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
| | - Qilong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- State Key Lab Silicon Mat
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- PR China
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45
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Yaghoubi H, Li Z, Chen Y, Ngo HT, Bhethanabotla VR, Joseph B, Ma S, Schlaf R, Takshi A. Toward a Visible Light-Driven Photocatalyst: The Effect of Midgap-States-Induced Energy Gap of Undoped TiO2 Nanoparticles. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501539q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Houman Yaghoubi
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Zhi Li
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yao Chen
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Huong T. Ngo
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Venkat R. Bhethanabotla
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Babu Joseph
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Rudy Schlaf
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Arash Takshi
- Bio/Organic Electronics Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Nanotechnology Research and Education Center, ∥Surface Science Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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46
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Yoo H, Bae C, Yang Y, Lee S, Kim M, Kim H, Kim Y, Shin H. Spatial charge separation in asymmetric structure of Au nanoparticle on TiO2 nanotube by light-induced surface potential imaging. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:4413-7. [PMID: 25002075 DOI: 10.1021/nl501381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Both enhancing the excitons' lifetime and ingeniously controlling the spatial charge transfer are the key to the realization of efficiently photocatalytic and artificially photosynthetic devices. Nanostructured metal/metal-oxide interfaces often exhibit improved energy conversion efficiency. Understanding the surface potential changes of nano-objects under light illumination is crucial in photoelectrochemical cells. Under ultraviolet (UV) illumination, here, we directly observed the charge separation phenomena at the Au-nanoparticle/TiO2-nanotube interfaces by using Kelvin probe force microscopy. The surface potential maps of TiO2 nanotubes with and without Au nanoparticles were compared on the effect of different substrates. We observed that in a steady state, approximately 0.3 electron per Au particle of about 4 nm in diameter is effectively charged and consequently screens the surface potential of the underlying TiO2 nanotubes. Our observations should help design improved photoelectrochemical devices for energy conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Yoo
- Department of Energy Science, ‡Integrated Energy Center for Fostering Global Creative Researchers (BK 21 plus), and §School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, South Korea
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47
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Wang Y, Duo F, Peng S, Jia F, Fan C. Potassium iodate assisted synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with superior water-dispersibility. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 430:31-9. [PMID: 24998051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a novel polyol process to synthesize highly water-dispersible anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (∼5 nm) by the introduction of inorganic oxidizing agent--KIO3. The obtained TiO2 nanoparticles are well dispersible in water at pH≥5.0 and the resulting aqueous dispersion remains stable over months. The superior water-dispersibility of as-formed TiO2 is ascribed to the electrostatic repulsion from carboxylic acid group modified on TiO2 nanoparticles, which is the oxidation product of solvent diethylene glycol (DEG) by KIO3. Based on the characterization results, the formation processes of water-dispersibility TiO2 nanoparticles are proposed. Meanwhile, the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles are found to be doped by iodine and exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity on degradation of rhodamine-B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. The further tests demonstrate that the O(2-) is the main active species during photodegradation of RhB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Duo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Falong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Caimei Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
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48
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Johansson EMJ, Lindblad R, Siegbahn H, Hagfeldt A, Rensmo H. Atomic and Electronic Structures of Interfaces in Dye-Sensitized, Nanostructured Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:1006-17. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201301074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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49
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Navas J, Sánchez-Coronilla A, Aguilar T, Hernández NC, de los Santos DM, Sánchez-Márquez J, Zorrilla D, Fernández-Lorenzo C, Alcántara R, Martín-Calleja J. Experimental and theoretical study of the electronic properties of Cu-doped anatase TiO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3835-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Chiang YF, Jeng JY, Lee MH, Peng SR, Chen P, Guo TF, Wen TC, Hsu YJ, Hsu CM. High voltage and efficient bilayer heterojunction solar cells based on an organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite absorber with a low-cost flexible substrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:6033-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00298a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A low temperature (<100 °C), flexible solar cell based on an organic–inorganic hybrid CH3NH3PbI3perovskite–fullerene planar heterojunction (PHJ) is successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Chiang
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yuan Jeng
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Huan Lee
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Rung Peng
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center (AOTC)
- National Cheng Kung University
| | - Tzung-Fang Guo
- Department of Photonics
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center (AOTC)
- National Cheng Kung University
| | - Ten-Chin Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Jane Hsu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ming Hsu
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering
- Southern Taiwan University
- Tainan 701, Taiwan
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