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Kim S, Kim Y, Kim HS. Unveiling Ru(bpy) 3 2+-Encapsulated Zeolite Y as Photocatalyst: Harnessing Photocatalytic Singlet Oxygen Generation for Mustard Gas Simulant Detoxification. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405559. [PMID: 39177189 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the encapsulation of Ru(bpy)3 2+ within Zeolite Y (ZY) to improve photocatalytic singlet oxygen generation for the degradation of a mustard gas simulant, namely 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES). Mustard gas simulants are known to disrupt several biological processes; thus, their effective degradation is essential. Zeolite Y, with its hierarchical structure and adjustable Si/Al ratios, is an ideal host for Ru(bpy)3 2+, significantly improving its photocatalytic efficiency and stability. It is demonstrated through XRD and spectroscopic analyses that encapsulated Ru(bpy)3 2+ maintains its structural and photophysical properties, which are essential for generating singlet oxygen. Ru(bpy)3(1.0) loaded ZY(15) (where 1.0 and 15 represent the encapsulated amount of Ru(bpy)3 2+ and Si/Al ratio, respectively) outperforms other investigated photocatalytic systems in the oxidation of CEES, demonstrating high conversion rates and selectivity toward nontoxic sulfoxide products. Immobilization of Ru(bpy)3 2+-encapsulated zeolite Y onto cotton fabric results in effective degradation of CEES. The experimental results, validated by theoretical calculations, indicate an improved oxygen affinity and accessibility in zeolites with higher Si/Al ratios. This study advances the design of photocatalytic materials for environmental and defense applications, providing sustainable solutions for hazardous chemical degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Kim
- BB21 Plus Program, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjoon Kim
- BB21 Plus Program, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sung Kim
- BB21 Plus Program, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
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2
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Alazaly AM, Clarkson GJ, Ward MD, Abdel-Shafi AA. Mechanism of Oxygen Quenching of the Excited States of Heteroleptic Chromium(III) Phenanthroline Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16101-16113. [PMID: 37721399 PMCID: PMC10548418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of some heteroleptic Cr(III) complexes of the form [Cr(Phen)2L](OTf)3, where Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and L is either 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) or its derivatives, such as 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-DMB), 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-DMOB), 4,4'-ditert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-dtbpy), 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (5,5'-DMB), 4,4'-dimethoxycarbonyl-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-dmcbpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives, such as 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline (5-Me-Phen) and 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (4,7-DMP). Heteroleptic complexes were prepared in two stages via the intermediate [Cr(Phen)2(CF3SO3)2](CF3SO3) and five examples have been crystallographically characterized. Steady-state absorption and luminescence emission characteristics of these complexes were measured in 1 M HCl solutions. The luminescence quantum yield of these complexes was found to be the lowest for [Cr(Phen)2(4,4'-dmcbpy)](OTf)3 and the highest for [Cr(Phen)2(4,4'-DMB)](OTf)3 with values of 0.31 × 10-2 and 1.48 × 10-2, respectively. The calculated excited state energy, E0-0, was found to vary within the narrow range of 163.1-165.0 kJ mol-1 across the series. Transient absorption spectra in degassed, air-equilibrated, and oxygen-saturated 1 M HCl aqueous solutions were also measured at different time decays and demonstrated no significant differences, indicating the absence of any ion-separated species in the excited state. Excited-state decay traces at the wavelength of maximum absorption were used to calculate oxygen quenching rate constants, kq, which were found to be in the range 3.26-5.27 × 107 M-1 s-1. Singlet oxygen luminescence photosensitized by these complexes was observed in D2O, and its luminescence intensity at 1270 nm was used for the determination of singlet oxygen quantum yields for these complexes, which were in the range of 0.20-0.44, while the fraction of the excited 2E state quenched by oxygen was in the range of 0.22-0.68, and the efficiency of singlet oxygen production was in the range of 0.44-0.90. The mechanism by which the excited 2E state is quenched by oxygen is explained by a spin statistical model that predicts the balance between charge transfer and noncharge transfer deactivation pathways, which was represented by the parameter pCT that was found to vary from 0.35 to 0.68 for this series of Cr(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed
M. M. Alazaly
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams
University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Guy J. Clarkson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Michael D. Ward
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Ayman A. Abdel-Shafi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams
University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Akl HN, Salah D, Abdel-Samad HS, Abdel Aziz AA, Abdel-Shafi AA. Fractional dependence of the free energy of activation on the driving force of charge transfer in the quenching of the excited states of substituted phenanthroline homoleptic ruthenium(ii) complexes in aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13314-13323. [PMID: 37143702 PMCID: PMC10152132 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01280h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The photophysical characteristics of some homoleptic ruthenium(ii) phenanthroline derivatives are investigated in aqueous medium. The lifetimes of the excited 3MLCT state of the studied complexes were found to be very sensitive to the type of the substituents on the phenanthroline ligand and were found to increase from about 0.96 μs in case of the parent [Ru(Phen)3]2+ complex to 2.97 μs in case of [Ru(DPPhen)3]2+. The transient absorption spectra of the current set of complexes were studied also in aqueous medium. Quenching of the excited 3MLCT states of the studied complexes by molecular oxygen were studied and quenching rate constants were found to be in the range 1.02-4.83 × 109 M-1 s-1. Values of singlet oxygen quantum yields were found to be in the range 0.01 to 0.25, and the corresponding efficiencies of singlet oxygen thereby produced, f T Δ, were in the range 0.03-0.52. The mechanism by which the excited 3MLCT state is quenched by oxygen is discussed in light of the spin statistical factor rate constants and the competition between charge transfer and non-charge transfer quenching pathways. The partial charge transfer parameters, p CT, were obtained and found to be about 0.88 for all complexes except for complexes with f T Δ values lower than 0.25. The correlation of the activation free energies ΔG ≠ of the exciplexes formation with the driving force for charge transfer, ΔG CET, gives a charge transfer character of the exciplexes of about 35.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam N Akl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University 11566 Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Dina Salah
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University 11566 Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Hesham S Abdel-Samad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University 11566 Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Ayman A Abdel Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University 11566 Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Ayman A Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University 11566 Abbassia Cairo Egypt
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Baptista MS, Cadet J, Greer A, Thomas AH. Photosensitization Reactions of Biomolecules: Definition, Targets and Mechanisms. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1456-1483. [PMID: 34133762 DOI: 10.1111/php.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitization reactions have been demonstrated to be largely responsible for the deleterious biological effects of UV and visible radiation, as well as for the curative actions of photomedicine. A large number of endogenous and exogenous photosensitizers, biological targets and mechanisms have been reported in the past few decades. Evolving from the original definitions of the type I and type II photosensitized oxidations, we now provide physicochemical frameworks, classifications and key examples of these mechanisms in order to organize, interpret and understand the vast information available in the literature and the new reports, which are in vigorous growth. This review surveys in an extended manner all identified photosensitization mechanisms of the major biomolecule groups such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids bridging the gap with the subsequent biological processes. Also described are the effects of photosensitization in cells in which UVA and UVB irradiation triggers enzyme activation with the subsequent delayed generation of superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide. Definitions of photosensitized reactions are identified in biomolecules with key insights into cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Cadet
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrés H Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CCT La Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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5
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Finn S, Byrne A, Gkika KS, Keyes TE. Photophysics and Cell Uptake of Self-Assembled Ru(II)Polypyridyl Vesicles. Front Chem 2020; 8:638. [PMID: 32850654 PMCID: PMC7406788 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective delivery of luminescent probes for cell imaging requires both cell membrane permeation and directing to discrete target organelles. Combined, these requirements can present a significant challenge for metal complex luminophores, that have excellent properties as imaging probes but typically show poor membrane permeability. Here, we report on highly luminescent Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes based on the parent; [Ru(dpp)2(x-ATAP)](PF6)2 structure, where dpp is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and x-ATAP is 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline with pendant alkyl-acetylthio chains of varying length; where x is 6; 5-Amido-1,10-phenanthroline-(6-acetylthio-hexanyl). 8; 5-Amido-1,10-phenanthroline-(8-acetylthio-octanyl). 11; 5-Amido-1,10-phenanthroline-(11-acetylthio-undecanyl); and 16; 5-Amido-1,10-phenanthroline-(16-acetylthio-hexadecanyl). Soluble in organic media, the alkyl-acetylthiolated complexes form nanoaggregates of low polydispersity in aqueous solution. From dynamic light scattering the nanoaggregate diameter was measured as 189 nm and 135 nm for 5 × 10-6 M aqueous solutions of [Ru(dpp)2(N∧N)](PF6)2 with the hexadecanoyl and hexanyl tails respectivly. The nanoaggregate exhibited dual exponential emission decays with kinetics that matched closely those of the [Ru(dpp)2(16-ATAP)]2+ incorporated into the membrane of a DPPC liposome. Cell permeability and distribution of [Ru(dpp)2(11-ATAP)]2+ or [Ru(dpp)2(16-ATAP)]2+ were evaluated in detail in live HeLa and CHO cell lines and it was found from aqueous media, that the nanoaggregate complexes spontaneously cross the membrane of mammalian cells. This process seems, on the basis of temperature dependent studies to be activated. Fluorescence imaging of live cells reveal that the complexes localize highly specifically within organelles and that organelle localization changes dramatically in switching the pendent alkyl chains from C16 to C11 as well as on cell line identity. Our data suggests that building metal complexes capable of self-assembling into nano-dimensional vesicles in this way may be a useful means of promoting cell membrane permeability and driving selective targeting that is facile and relatively low cost compared to use of biomolecular vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tia E. Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Photodynamic treatment with cationic Ir(III) complexes induces a synergistic antimicrobial effect with imipenem over carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Welling MM, Hensbergen AW, Bunschoten A, Velders AH, Scheper H, Smits WK, Roestenberg M, van Leeuwen FWB. Fluorescent imaging of bacterial infections and recent advances made with multimodal radiopharmaceuticals. Clin Transl Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-019-00322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Sudheesh KV, Jayaram PS, Samanta A, Bejoymohandas KS, Jayasree RS, Ajayaghosh A. A Cyclometalated IrIII
Complex as a Lysosome-Targeted Photodynamic Therapeutic Agent for Integrated Imaging and Therapy in Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2018; 24:10999-11007. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karivachery V. Sudheesh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Prasad S. Jayaram
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram 695011 India
| | - Animesh Samanta
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Kochan S. Bejoymohandas
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Ramapurath S. Jayasree
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram 695011 India
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
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9
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García-Fresnadillo D. Singlet Oxygen Photosensitizing Materials for Point-of-Use Water Disinfection with Solar Reactors. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David García-Fresnadillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Chemical Sciences; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Avenida Complutense s/n, E- 28040 Madrid Spain
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10
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Mac Mahon J, Pillai SC, Kelly JM, Gill LW. Solar photocatalytic disinfection of E. coli and bacteriophages MS2, ΦX174 and PR772 using TiO 2 , ZnO and ruthenium based complexes in a continuous flow system. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 170:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Regulation of photosensitisation processes by an RNA aptamer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43272. [PMID: 28233875 PMCID: PMC5324105 DOI: 10.1038/srep43272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most powerful attributes of proteins is their ability to bind to and modulate the chemistry of cofactors and prosthetic groups. Here, we demonstrated the ability of an artificial nucleic acid (an aptamer) to similarly control the functionality of a non-biological element. Specifically, we selected an RNA aptamer that binds tris(bipyridine) ruthenium (II), Ru(bpy)32+, an inorganic complex that has attracted intense interest due to its photoredox chemistry, including its ability to split water by visible light. We found that a newly discovered aptamer strongly and enantioselectively binds Λ-Ru(bpy)32+ (Kd = 65 nM) and, in doing so, selectively suppresses deactivation via energy transfer, thereby elongating the lifetime of its photo-excited state by four-fold. The ability of the aptamer to enhance this important aspect of Ru(bpy)32+ chemistry illustrates a broader point concerning the potential power of combining in vitro-created biomolecules with non-biological reactants to perform enhanced chemical reactions.
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Giménez RE, Vargová V, Rey V, Turbay MBE, Abatedaga I, Morán Vieyra FE, Paz Zanini VI, Mecchia Ortiz JH, Katz NE, Ostatná V, Borsarelli CD. Interaction of singlet oxygen with bovine serum albumin and the role of the protein nano-compartmentalization. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:99-109. [PMID: 26898504 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Singlet molecular oxygen ((1)O2) contributes to protein damage triggering biophysical and biochemical changes that can be related with aging and oxidative stress. Serum albumins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), are abundant proteins in blood plasma with different biological functions. This paper presents a kinetic and spectroscopic study of the (1)O2-mediated oxidation of BSA using the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) cation [Ru(bpy)3](2+) as sensitizer. BSA quenches efficiently (1)O2 with a total (chemical+physical interaction) rate constant kt(BSA)=7.3(±0.4)×10(8)M(-1)s(-1), where the chemical pathway represented 37% of the interaction. This efficient quenching by BSA indicates the participation of several reactive residues. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of intact BSA confirmed that after oxidation by (1)O2, the mass protein increased the equivalent of 13 oxygen atoms. Time-resolved emission spectra analysis of BSA established that Trp residues were oxidized to N'-formylkynurenine, being the solvent-accessible W134 preferentially oxidized by (1)O2 as compared with the buried W213. MS confirmed oxidation of at least two Tyr residues to form dihydroxyphenylalanine, with a global reactivity towards (1)O2 six-times lower than for Trp residues. Despite the lack of MS evidences, kinetic and chemical analysis also suggested that residues other than Trp and Tyr, e.g. Met, must react with (1)O2. Modeling of the 3D-structure of BSA indicated that the oxidation pattern involves a random distribution of (1)O2 into BSA; allowing also the interaction of (1)O2 with buried residues by its diffusion from the bulk solvent through interconnected internal hydrophilic and hydrophobic grooves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo E Giménez
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Veronika Vargová
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valentina Rey
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - M Beatriz Espeche Turbay
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Inés Abatedaga
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Faustino E Morán Vieyra
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Verónica I Paz Zanini
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Juan H Mecchia Ortiz
- INQUINOA-CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Néstor E Katz
- INQUINOA-CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Veronika Ostatná
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Claudio D Borsarelli
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología, INBIONATEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, Km 1125, G4206XCP Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
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Rajkumar E, Mareeswaran PM, Rajagopal S. Photophysical properties of amphiphilic ruthenium(II) complexes in micelles. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 13:1261-9. [PMID: 24976590 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic ruthenium(II) complexes II–IV were synthesized and their photophysical properties were investigated in the presence of anionic (SDS), cationic (CTAB) and neutral (Triton X-100) micelles. The absorption and emission spectral data in the presence of micelles show that these Ru(II) complexes are incorporated in the micelles. There are two types of interaction between complexes I–IV and the micelles: hydrophobic and electrostatic. In the case of cationic micelles (CTAB), the hydrophobic interactions are predominant over electrostatic repulsion for the binding of cationic complexes II–IV with CTAB. In the case of anionic micelles (SDS), electrostatic interactions seem to be important in the binding of II–IV to SDS. Hydrophobic interactions play a dominant role in the binding of II–IV to the neutral micelles, Triton X-100. Based on the steady state and luminescence experiments, the enhancement of luminescence intensity and lifetime in the presence of micelles is due to the protection of the complexes from exposure to water in this environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswaran Rajkumar
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India
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Sangiliapillai R, Arumugam R, Eswaran R, Seenivasan R. Micellar effect on the photophysics of heteroleptic ruthenium(II)-phenanthrolinedisulfonato complexes. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 31:30-7. [PMID: 25900090 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complexes of type RuLn X(3-n) [L = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), X = 4,7 diphenyl phenanthroline disulfonate, (dpsphen) n = 0,1,2,3] were synthesized and their photophysical properties investigated in homogeneous and cationic (CTAB), anionic (SDS) and nonionic (Triton X-100) micelles. The luminescent quantum yield and lifetime of the complexes were found to increase in the presence of micellar media and on the introduction of a disulfonate ligand into the coordination sphere. Both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions play an important role in the micellar media. Thus, by changing the nature of the ligands and the medium, we were able to tune the photophysical properties of Ru(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramdass Arumugam
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajkumar Eswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajagopal Seenivasan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
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15
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Photoinduced electron transfer reactions of ruthenium(II) phenanthroline complexes with dimethylaniline in aqueous and micellar media. J Fluoresc 2014; 25:147-57. [PMID: 25524086 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-014-1491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Four [Ru(NN)(3)](2+) complexes (NN = polypyridine) with ligands of varying hydrophobicity with different charges +2, 0 and -4 were synthesized. The photophysics and photoinduced electron transfer reactions of these Ru(II)-complexes with dimethylaniline (DMA) as the quencher have been studied in aqueous medium and ionic and non-ionic micellar medium. The extent of binding of the complexes with the surfactant interface is evident from the calculated binding constant values (K). Dimethylaniline (DMA) being a neutral quencher, the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions competing with one another and their combined effect with the surfactants were reported by observing the quenching rate constant (k(q)) values. The formation of anilinium cation radical in transient absorption spectrum confirms the excited state electron transfer reactions of ruthenium(II) complexes with dimethylaniline. The calculated rate constant values (k(q)) are in good agreement with the experimental k(q) values giving quantitative evidence for the bimolecular reductive quenching rate constant for the complexes with DMA. Pseudophase ion exchange model is successfully applied to analyse the quenching data.
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Wang XD, Wolfbeis OS. Optical methods for sensing and imaging oxygen: materials, spectroscopies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3666-761. [PMID: 24638858 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00039k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We review the current state of optical methods for sensing oxygen. These have become powerful alternatives to electrochemical detection and in the process of replacing the Clark electrode in many fields. The article (with 694 references) is divided into main sections on direct spectroscopic sensing of oxygen, on absorptiometric and luminescent probes, on polymeric matrices and supports, on additives and related materials, on spectroscopic schemes for read-out and imaging, and on sensing formats (such as waveguide sensing, sensor arrays, multiple sensors and nanosensors). We finally discuss future trends and applications and summarize the properties of the most often used indicator probes and polymers. The ESI† (with 385 references) gives a selection of specific applications of such sensors in medicine, biology, marine and geosciences, intracellular sensing, aerodynamics, industry and biotechnology, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-dong Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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Le Gac S, Surin M, Defrancq E, Moucheron C, Kirsch-De Mesmaeker A. What Are the Parameters Controlling Inter- vs. Intra-Strand DNA Photodamage with Ru-TAP Oligonucleotides? Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201201019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gottschaldt M, Schubert US, Rau S, Yano S, Vos JG, Kroll T, Clement J, Hilger I. Sugar-Selective Enrichment of a D-Glucose-Substituted Ruthenium Bipyridyl Complex Inside HepG2 Cancer Cells. Chembiochem 2010; 11:649-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Manjón F, Santana-Magaña M, García-Fresnadillo D, Orellana G. Singlet oxygen sensitizing materials based on porous silicone: photochemical characterization, effect of dye reloading and application to water disinfection with solar reactors. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:838-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Varpness Z, Suci PA, Ensign D, Young MJ, Douglas T. Photosensitizer efficiency in genetically modified protein cage architectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3726-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b905250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cantau C, Pigot T, Manoj N, Oliveros E, Lacombe S. Singlet Oxygen in Microporous Silica Xerogel: Quantum Yield and Oxidation at the Gas–Solid Interface. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:2344-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Evans SE, Grigoryan A, Szalai VA. Oxidation of Guanine in Double-Stranded DNA by [Ru(bpy)2dppz]Cl2in Cationic Reverse Micelles. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:8349-61. [PMID: 17784749 DOI: 10.1021/ic0700708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA oxidation has been investigated in the medium of cationic reverse micelles (RMs). The oxidative chemistry is photochemically initiated using the DNA intercalator bis(bipyridine)dipyridophenazine ruthenium(II) chloride ([Ru(bpy)2dppz]Cl2) bound to duplex DNA in the RMs. High-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is used to reveal and quantify guanine (G) oxidation products, including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8OG). In buffer solution, the addition of the oxidative quenchers potassium ferricyanide or pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) dichloride leads to an increase in the amount of piperidine-labile G oxidation products generated via one-electron oxidation. In RMs, however, the yield of oxidatively generated damage is attenuated. With or without ferricyanide quencher in the RMs, the yield of oxidatively generated products is approximately the same. Inclusion of the cationic quencher [CoCl(NH3)5]2+ in the RMs increases the amount of oxidation products generated but not to the extent that it does in buffer solution. Under anaerobic conditions, all of the samples in RMs, with or without added oxidative quenchers, show decreased levels of piperidine-labile oxidation products, suggesting that the primary oxidant in RMs is singlet oxygen. G oxidation is enhanced in D2O and deuterated heptane and is diminished in the presence of sodium azide in RMs, also supporting 1O2 as the main G oxidant in RMs. Isotopic labeling experiments show that the oxygen atom in 8OG produced in RMs is not from water. The observed change in the G oxidation mechanism from a one-electron process in buffer to mostly 1O2 in RMs illustrates the importance of both DNA structure and DNA environment on the chemistry of G oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Evans
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore Maryland 21250, USA
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Ramiro P, García-Fresnadillo D, Orellana G. Synthesis and characterisation of N-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-ylalkylamides and their photosensitising heteroleptic Ru(II) complexes. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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