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Cirri D, Marzo T, Mastrorilli P, Petrelli V, Todisco S, De Giglio E, Gellini C, Ricci M, Pratesi A, Messori L. Description of a Non-Canonical AsPt Blue Species Originating from the Aerobic Oxidation of AP-1 in Aqueous Solution. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7408. [PMID: 39000514 PMCID: PMC11242394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The peculiar behavior of arsenoplatin-1, ([Pt(µ-NHC(CH3)O)2ClAs(OH)2], AP-1), in aqueous solution and the progressive appearance of a characteristic and intense blue color led us to carry out a more extensive investigation to determine the nature of this elusive chemical species, which we named "AsPt blue". A multi-technique approach was therefore implemented to describe the processes involved in the formation of AsPt blue, and some characteristic features of this intriguing species were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Piero Mastrorilli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building and Chemical Engineering (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.M.); (V.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Valentina Petrelli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building and Chemical Engineering (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.M.); (V.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Stefano Todisco
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building and Chemical Engineering (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.M.); (V.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cristina Gellini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Marilena Ricci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.)
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2
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Holmes ST, Schönzart J, Philips AB, Kimball JJ, Termos S, Altenhof AR, Xu Y, O'Keefe CA, Autschbach J, Schurko RW. Structure and bonding in rhodium coordination compounds: a 103Rh solid-state NMR and relativistic DFT study. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2181-2196. [PMID: 38332836 PMCID: PMC10848688 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06026h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the application of 103Rh solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy to inorganic and organometallic coordination compounds, in combination with relativistic density functional theory (DFT) calculations of 103Rh chemical shift tensors and their analysis with natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural localized molecular orbital (NLMO) protocols, to develop correlations between 103Rh chemical shift tensors, molecular structure, and Rh-ligand bonding. 103Rh is one of the least receptive NMR nuclides, and consequently, there are very few reports in the literature. We introduce robust 103Rh SSNMR protocols for stationary samples, which use the broadband adiabatic inversion-cross polarization (BRAIN-CP) pulse sequence and wideband uniform-rate smooth-truncation (WURST) pulses for excitation, refocusing, and polarization transfer, and demonstrate the acquisition of 103Rh SSNMR spectra of unprecedented signal-to-noise and uniformity. The 103Rh chemical shift tensors determined from these spectra are complemented by NBO/NLMO analyses of contributions of individual orbitals to the 103Rh magnetic shielding tensors to understand their relationship to structure and bonding. Finally, we discuss the potential for these experimental and theoretical protocols for investigating a wide range of materials containing the platinum group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Jasmin Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Adam B Philips
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - James J Kimball
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Sara Termos
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Adam R Altenhof
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Yijue Xu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Christopher A O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
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3
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Dorn RW, Carnahan SL, Cheng CY, Pan L, Hao Z, Rossini AJ. Structural characterization of tin in toothpaste by dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced 119Sn solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7423. [PMID: 37973961 PMCID: PMC10654397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stannous fluoride (SnF2) is an effective fluoride source and antimicrobial agent that is widely used in commercial toothpaste formulations. The antimicrobial activity of SnF2 is partly attributed to the presence of Sn(II) ions. However, it is challenging to directly determine the Sn speciation and oxidation state within commercially available toothpaste products due to the low weight loading of SnF2 (0.454 wt% SnF2, 0.34 wt% Sn) and the amorphous, semi-solid nature of the toothpaste. Here, we show that dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enables 119Sn solid-state NMR experiments that can probe the Sn speciation within commercially available toothpaste. Solid-state NMR experiments on SnF2 and SnF4 show that 19F isotropic chemical shift and 119Sn chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) are highly sensitive to the Sn oxidation state. DNP-enhanced 119Sn magic-angle turning (MAT) 2D NMR spectra of toothpastes resolve Sn(II) and Sn(IV) by their 119Sn chemical shift tensor parameters. Fits of DNP-enhanced 1D 1H → 119Sn solid-state NMR spectra allow the populations of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) within the toothpastes to be estimated. This analysis reveals that three of the four commercially available toothpastes contained at least 80% Sn(II), whereas one of the toothpaste contained a significantly higher amount of Sn(IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick W Dorn
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Scott L Carnahan
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | - Long Pan
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Zhigang Hao
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA.
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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4
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Atterberry BA, Wimmer E, Estes DP, Rossini AJ. Acceleration of indirect detection 195Pt solid-state NMR experiments by sideband selective excitation or alternative indirect sampling schemes. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 352:107457. [PMID: 37163927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of the of chemical shift (CS) tensors via solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful probe of structure for organic molecules, biomolecules, and inorganic materials. However, when measuring the NMR spectra of heavy spin-1/2 isotopes the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) is commonly on the order of thousands of parts per million, which makes acquisition of NMR spectra difficult due to the low NMR sensitivity imposed by the breadth of the signals and challenges in uniformly exciting the NMR spectrum. We have recently shown that complete 195Pt NMR spectra could be rapidly measured by using 195Pt saturation or excitation selective long pulses (SLP) with multiple rotor-cycle durations and RF fields less than 50 kHz into 1H{195Pt} or 1H-31P{195Pt} PE S-RESPDOR, TONE D-HMQC-4, J-resolved, and J-HMQC pulse sequences. The SLP only provide signal or dephasing when they are applied on resonance with a spinning sideband. The magic angle spinning 195Pt NMR spectrum is reconstructed in the sideband selective NMR experiments by acquiring 1D NMR spectra at variable 195Pt pulse offsets. In this work, we present a detailed investigation of the specific pulse conditions required for the ideal performance of sideband selective experiments. Sideband selective experiments are shown to be able to accurately reproduce MAS NMR spectra with minimal distortions of relative sideband intensities. It is also demonstrated that a 195Pt NMR spectrum indirectly detected with HMQC can be rapidly obtained by acquiring a single rotor cycle of indirect dimension evolution points. We dub this method One Rotor Cycle of Acquisition (ORCA) HMQC. Sideband selective experiments and ORCA HMQC experiments are shown to provide a one order of magnitude improvement in experiment times as compared to conventional wideline HMQC experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Atterberry
- US DOE Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Erik Wimmer
- University of Stuttgart, Department of Chemistry, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, 70569, Germany
| | - Deven P Estes
- University of Stuttgart, Department of Chemistry, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, 70569, Germany
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US DOE Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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5
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Smith ME. Recent progress in solid-state NMR of spin-½ low-γ nuclei applied to inorganic materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 25:26-47. [PMID: 36421944 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03663k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Significant technological and methodological advances in solid-state NMR techniques in recent years have increased the accessibility of nuclei with small magnetic moments (hereafter termed low-γ) underpinning an increased range of applications of such nuclei. These methodological advances are briefly summarised, including improvements in hardware and pulse sequences, as well as important developments in associated computational methods (e.g. first principles calculations, spectral simulation). Here spin-½ nuclei are the focus, with this Perspective complementing a very recent review that looked at half-integer spin low-γ quadrupolar nuclei. Reference is made to some of the original reports of such spin-½ nuclei, but recent progress in the relevant methodology and applications to inorganic materials (most within the last 10 years) of these nuclei are the focus. An overview of the current state-of-the-art of studying these nuclei is thereby provided for both NMR spectroscopists and materials researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Smith
- Vice-Chancellor and President's Office and Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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6
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Venkatesh A, Gioffrè D, Atterberry BA, Rochlitz L, Carnahan SL, Wang Z, Menzildjian G, Lesage A, Copéret C, Rossini AJ. Molecular and Electronic Structure of Isolated Platinum Sites Enabled by the Expedient Measurement of 195Pt Chemical Shift Anisotropy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13511-13525. [PMID: 35861681 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Techniques that can characterize the molecular structures of dilute surface species are required to facilitate the rational synthesis and improvement of Pt-based heterogeneous catalysts. 195Pt solid-state NMR spectroscopy could be an ideal tool for this task because 195Pt isotropic chemical shifts and chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) are highly sensitive probes of the local chemical environment and electronic structure. However, the characterization of Pt surface-sites is complicated by the typical low Pt loadings that are between 0.2 and 5 wt% and broadening of 195Pt solid-state NMR spectra by CSA. Here, we introduce a set of solid-state NMR methods that exploit fast MAS and indirect detection using a sensitive spy nucleus (1H or 31P) to enable the rapid acquisition of 195Pt MAS NMR spectra. We demonstrate that high-resolution wideline 195Pt MAS NMR spectra can be acquired in minutes to a few hours for a series of molecular and single-site Pt species grafted on silica with Pt loading of only 3-5 wt%. Low-power, long-duration, sideband-selective excitation, and saturation pulses are incorporated into t1-noise eliminated dipolar heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, perfect echo resonance echo saturation pulse double resonance, or J-resolved pulse sequences. The complete 195Pt MAS NMR spectrum is then reconstructed by recording a series of 1D NMR spectra where the offset of the 195Pt pulses is varied in increments of the MAS frequency. Analysis of the 195Pt MAS NMR spectra yields the 195Pt chemical shift tensor parameters. Zeroth order approximation density functional theory calculations accurately predict 195Pt CS tensor parameters. Simple and predictive orbital models relate the CS tensor parameters to the Pt electronic structure and coordination environment. The methodology developed here paves the way for the detailed structural and electronic analysis of dilute platinum surface-sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Domenico Gioffrè
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin A Atterberry
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Lukas Rochlitz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Scott L Carnahan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, High-Field NMR Center of Lyon, UMR 5082, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Georges Menzildjian
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, High-Field NMR Center of Lyon, UMR 5082, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, High-Field NMR Center of Lyon, UMR 5082, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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7
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Altenhof AR, Gan Z, Schurko RW. Reducing the effects of weak homonuclear dipolar coupling with CPMG pulse sequences for static and spinning solids. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 337:107174. [PMID: 35279507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Carr-Purcell/Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence, initially introduced for measuring transverse relaxation time constants (T2), can provide significant signal enhancements for solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectra. The proper implementation of CPMG for acquiring spectra influenced by chemical shift anisotropies (CSAs), first and/or second order quadrupolar interactions, or paramagnetic broadening has been well documented to date, as have the effects of heteronuclear dipolar coupling on CPMG echo trains and T2 lifetimes. Homonuclear dipolar coupling can also impact T2 lifetimes and CPMG echo trains; these effects have been thoroughly investigated for spectra of homonuclear dipolar coupled spin-1/2 nuclei typically acquired under static conditions that are predominantly influenced by dipolar broadening (e.g., 1H, 19F, etc.). In particular, it has been shown that short refocusing pulses with small flip angles can extend the effective T2 (T2eff, the observed T2 constant as impacted by experimental conditions) measured by CPMG sequences for strong homonuclear dipolar coupled spin-1/2 pairs under static conditions. To date, these effects have not been explored for (i) spin-1/2 nuclei that have significant CSAs and simultaneously feature weak homonuclear dipolar couplings, (ii) for quadrupolar nuclei that are also weakly homonuclear dipolar coupled, and (iii) for either of these cases under magic-angle spinning (MAS) conditions. Herein, we demonstrate that short refocusing pulses that cause small flip angles can reduce the attenuation of signal in CPMG echo trains resulting from dipolar dephasing caused by the weak homonuclear dipolar couplings. For both spin-1/2 and quadrupolar nuclei, this can lead to significant extensions in T2eff and signal enhancements of up to three times compared to conventional CPMG in favourable cases. These phenomena can occur under both static and magic-angle spinning (MAS) conditions, in the latter of which homonuclear couplings are reintroduced by rotational resonance (R2) recoupling. Experimental examples of 13C (I = 1/2), 2H (I = 1), 87Rb (I = 3/2), 23Na (I = 3/2), and 35Cl (I = 3/2) NMR under static and MAS conditions, as well as simulations of these phenomena, are shown and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Altenhof
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
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8
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Bayzou R, Trébosc J, Hung I, Gan Z, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Indirect NMR detection via proton of nuclei subject to large anisotropic interactions, such as 14N, 195Pt, and 35Cl, using the T-HMQC sequence. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:064202. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Racha Bayzou
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638–IMEC–Fédération Chevreul, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
- Riken NMR Science and Development Division, Yokohama-shi 230-0045, Kanagawa, Japan
- Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l’industrie, 67166 Wissembourg, France
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9
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Pavón E, Alba MD. Swelling layered minerals applications: A solid state NMR overview. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 124-125:99-128. [PMID: 34479713 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Swelling layered clay minerals form an important sub-group of the phyllosilicate family. They are characterized by their ability to expand or contract in the presence or absence of water. This property makes them useful for a variety of applications, ranging from environmental technologies to heterogeneous catalysis, and including pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SS-NMR) has been extensively applied in the characterization of these materials, providing useful information on their dynamics and structure that is inaccessible using other characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction. In this review, we present the key contributions of SS-NMR to the understanding of the mechanisms that govern some of the main applications associated to swelling clay minerals. The article is divided in two parts. The first part presents SS-NMR conventional applications to layered clay minerals, while the second part comprises an in-depth review of the information that SS-NMR can provide about the different properties of swelling layered clay minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Pavón
- Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes, s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - María D Alba
- Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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10
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Lucier BEG, Terskikh VV, Guo J, Bourque JL, McOnie SL, Ripmeester JA, Huang Y, Baines KM. Chlorine-35 Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as an Indirect Probe of the Oxidation Number of Tin in Tin Chlorides. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13651-13670. [PMID: 32883071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrawideline 35Cl solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectra of a series of 12 tin chlorides were recorded. The magnitude of the 35Cl quadrupolar coupling constant (CQ) was shown to consistently indicate the chemical state (oxidation number) of the bound Sn center. The chemical state of the Sn center was independently verified by tin Mössbauer spectroscopy. CQ(35Cl) values of >30 MHz correspond to Sn(IV), while CQ(35Cl) readings of <30 MHz indicate that Sn(II) is present. Tin-119 SSNMR experiments would seem to be the most direct and effective route to interrogating tin in these systems, yet we show that ambiguous results can emerge from this method, which may lead to an incorrect interpretation of the Sn oxidation number. The accumulated 35Cl NMR data are used as a guide to assign the Sn oxidation number in the mixed-valent metal complex Ph3PPdImSnCl2. The synthesis and crystal structure of the related Ph3PPtImSnCl2 are reported, and 195Pt and 35Cl SSNMR experiments were also used to investigate its Pt-Sn bonding. Plane-wave DFT calculations of 35Cl, 119Sn, and 195Pt NMR parameters are used to model and interpret experimental data, supported by computed 119Sn and 195Pt chemical shift tensor orientations. Given the ubiquity of directly bound Cl centers in organometallic and inorganic systems, there is tremendous potential for widespread usage of 35Cl SSNMR parameters to provide a reliable indication of the chemical state in metal chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan E G Lucier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Victor V Terskikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jeremy L Bourque
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sarah L McOnie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - John A Ripmeester
- National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Kim M Baines
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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11
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Ashbrook SE, Griffin JM, Johnston KE. Recent Advances in Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:485-508. [PMID: 29324182 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to the local atomic-scale environment offers great potential for the characterization of a diverse range of solid materials. Despite offering more information than its solution-state counterpart, solid-state NMR has not yet achieved a similar level of recognition, owing to the anisotropic interactions that broaden the spectral lines and hinder the extraction of structural information. Here, we describe the methods available to improve the resolution of solid-state NMR spectra and the continuing research in this area. We also highlight areas of exciting new and future development, including recent interest in combining experiment with theoretical calculations, the rise of a range of polarization transfer techniques that provide significant sensitivity enhancements, and the progress of in situ measurements. We demonstrate the detailed information available when studying dynamic and disordered solids and discuss the future applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy across the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom;
| | - John M Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Johnston
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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12
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Todisco S, Saielli G, Gallo V, Latronico M, Rizzuti A, Mastrorilli P. 31P and 195Pt solid-state NMR and DFT studies on platinum(i) and platinum(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8884-8891. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
31P and 195Pt solid state NMR spectra on anti-[(PHCy)ClPt(μ-PCy2)2Pt(PHCy)Cl] (3) and [(PHCy2)Pt(μ-PCy2)(κ2P,O-μ-POCy2)Pt(PHCy2)] (Pt–Pt) (4) were recorded under CP/MAS conditions (31P) or with the CP/CPMG pulse sequence (195Pt) and compared to data obtained by relativistic DFT calculations of 31P and 195Pt CS tensors and isotropic shielding at the ZORA Spin Orbit level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Todisco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
- Ambientale
- del Territorio
- Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh)
- Politecnico di Bari
| | - Giacomo Saielli
- Istituto per la Tecnologia delle Membrane
- Unità di Padova CNR
- Padova
- Italy
| | - Vito Gallo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
- Ambientale
- del Territorio
- Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh)
- Politecnico di Bari
| | - Mario Latronico
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
- Ambientale
- del Territorio
- Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh)
- Politecnico di Bari
| | - Antonino Rizzuti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
- Ambientale
- del Territorio
- Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh)
- Politecnico di Bari
| | - Piero Mastrorilli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile
- Ambientale
- del Territorio
- Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh)
- Politecnico di Bari
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13
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Pecher O, Halat DM, Lee J, Liu Z, Griffith KJ, Braun M, Grey CP. Enhanced efficiency of solid-state NMR investigations of energy materials using an external automatic tuning/matching (eATM) robot. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 275:127-136. [PMID: 28064071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have developed and explored an external automatic tuning/matching (eATM) robot that can be attached to commercial and/or home-built magic angle spinning (MAS) or static nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probeheads. Complete synchronization and automation with Bruker and Tecmag spectrometers is ensured via transistor-transistor-logic (TTL) signals. The eATM robot enables an automated "on-the-fly" re-calibration of the radio frequency (rf) carrier frequency, which is beneficial whenever tuning/matching of the resonance circuit is required, e.g. variable temperature (VT) NMR, spin-echo mapping (variable offset cumulative spectroscopy, VOCS) and/or in situ NMR experiments of batteries. This allows a significant increase in efficiency for NMR experiments outside regular working hours (e.g. overnight) and, furthermore, enables measurements of quadrupolar nuclei which would not be possible in reasonable timeframes due to excessively large spectral widths. Additionally, different tuning/matching capacitor (and/or coil) settings for desired frequencies (e.g.7Li and 31P at 117 and 122MHz, respectively, at 7.05 T) can be saved and made directly accessible before automatic tuning/matching, thus enabling automated measurements of multiple nuclei for one sample with no manual adjustment required by the user. We have applied this new eATM approach in static and MAS spin-echo mapping NMR experiments in different magnetic fields on four energy storage materials, namely: (1) paramagnetic 7Li and 31P MAS NMR (without manual recalibration) of the Li-ion battery cathode material LiFePO4; (2) paramagnetic 17O VT-NMR of the solid oxide fuel cell cathode material La2NiO4+δ; (3) broadband 93Nb static NMR of the Li-ion battery material BNb2O5; and (4) broadband static 127I NMR of a potential Li-air battery product LiIO3. In each case, insight into local atomic structure and dynamics arises primarily from the highly broadened (1-25MHz) NMR lineshapes that the eATM robot is uniquely suited to collect. These new developments in automation of NMR experiments are likely to advance the application of in and ex situ NMR investigations to an ever-increasing range of energy storage materials and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Pecher
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David M Halat
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Zigeng Liu
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Kent J Griffith
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Marco Braun
- NMR Service GmbH, Blumenstr. 70, 99092 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Clare P Grey
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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14
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Cano I, Martínez-Prieto LM, Fazzini PF, Coppel Y, Chaudret B, van Leeuwen PWNM. Characterization of secondary phosphine oxide ligands on the surface of iridium nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21655-21662. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03439c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The coordination mode of secondary phosphine oxide ligands on the surface of iridium nanoparticle catalysts was elucidated by solid-state NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Cano
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets
- LPCNO
- UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées
- 135 Avenue de Rangueil
| | - Luis M. Martínez-Prieto
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets
- LPCNO
- UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées
- 135 Avenue de Rangueil
| | - Pier F. Fazzini
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets
- LPCNO
- UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées
- 135 Avenue de Rangueil
| | - Yannick Coppel
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) 205 Route de Narbonne
- F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04
- France
- Universite’ de Toulouse
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets
- LPCNO
- UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées
- 135 Avenue de Rangueil
| | - Piet W. N. M. van Leeuwen
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets
- LPCNO
- UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées
- 135 Avenue de Rangueil
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15
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Southern SA, Errulat D, Frost JM, Gabidullin B, Bryce DL. Prospects for 207Pb solid-state NMR studies of lead tetrel bonds. Faraday Discuss 2017; 203:165-186. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility and value of 207Pb solid-state NMR experiments on compounds featuring lead tetrel bonds is explored. Although the definition remains to be formalized, lead tetrel bonds may be qualitatively described as existing when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between an electrophilic region associated with lead in a molecular entity and a nucleophilic region in another, or the same, molecular entity. Unambiguous identification of lead tetrel bonds can be challenging due to the hypervalent tendency of lead. We report here a series of 207Pb solid-state NMR experiments on five metal–organic frameworks featuring lead coordinated to hydrazone-based ligands. Such frameworks may be held together in part by lead tetrel bonds. The acquisition of 207Pb solid-state NMR spectra for such materials is feasible and is readily accomplished using a combination of magic-angle spinning and Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill methods in moderate to low applied magnetic fields. The lead centres are characterized by 207Pb isotropic chemical shifts ranging from −426 to −2591 ppm and chemical shift tensor spans ranging from 910 to 2681 ppm. Careful inspection of the structures of the compounds and the literature 207Pb NMR data may suggest that a tetrel bond to lead results in chemical shift parameters which are intermediate between those which are characteristic of holodirected and hemidirected lead coordination geometries. Challenges associated with DFT computations of the 207Pb NMR parameters are discussed. In summary, the 207Pb data for the compounds studied herein show a marked response to the presence of non-coordinating electron-rich moieties in close contact with the electrophilic surface of formally hemidirectionally coordinated lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Southern
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Dylan Errulat
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Jamie M. Frost
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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16
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Pöppler AC, Demers JP, Malon M, Singh AP, Roesky HW, Nishiyama Y, Lange A. Ultrafast Magic-Angle Spinning: Benefits for the Acquisition of Ultrawide-Line NMR Spectra of Heavy Spin-1/2 Nuclei. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:812-6. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Pöppler
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Molecular Biophysics; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Biologie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Demers
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Molecular Biophysics; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Biologie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Michal Malon
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc.; 3-1-2 Musashino Akishima Tokyo 196-8558 Japan
- RIKEN CLST-JEOL Collaboration Center, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi; Yokohama Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Amit Pratap Singh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc.; 3-1-2 Musashino Akishima Tokyo 196-8558 Japan
- RIKEN CLST-JEOL Collaboration Center, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi; Yokohama Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Adam Lange
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Molecular Biophysics; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Biologie; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; 10115 Berlin Germany
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17
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Mastrorilli P, Todisco S, Bagno A, Gallo V, Latronico M, Fortuño C, Gudat D. Multinuclear Solid-State NMR and DFT Studies on Phosphanido-Bridged Diplatinum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:5855-63. [PMID: 26001215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Mastrorilli
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica
(DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Todisco
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica
(DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bagno
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vito Gallo
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica
(DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Latronico
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica
(DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Consuelo Fortuño
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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18
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Conley MP, Rossini AJ, Comas-Vives A, Valla M, Casano G, Ouari O, Tordo P, Lesage A, Emsley L, Copéret C. Silica-surface reorganization during organotin grafting evidenced by 119Sn DNP SENS: a tandem reaction of gem-silanols and strained siloxane bridges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:17822-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01973c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bu3Sn(allyl) reacts with Q2-geminal disilanols and strained siloxane bridges of partially dehydroxylated silica to yield bipodal species through surface rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Centre de RMN à Trés Hauts Champs
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1)
- Université de Lyon
- 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maxence Valla
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Casano
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Paul Tordo
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Trés Hauts Champs
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1)
- Université de Lyon
- 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Centre de RMN à Trés Hauts Champs
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1)
- Université de Lyon
- 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Sørensen MK, Bakharev O, Jensen O, Jakobsen HJ, Skibsted J, Nielsen NC. Magic-angle spinning solid-state multinuclear NMR on low-field instrumentation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2014; 238:20-25. [PMID: 24291330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mobile and cost-effective NMR spectroscopy exploiting low-field permanent magnets is a field of tremendous development with obvious applications for arrayed large scale analysis, field work, and industrial screening. So far such demonstrations have concentrated on relaxation measurements and lately high-resolution liquid-state NMR applications. With high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy being increasingly important in a broad variety of applications, we here introduce low-field magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state multinuclear NMR based on a commercial ACT 0.45 T 62 mm bore Halbach magnet along with a homebuilt FPGA digital NMR console, amplifiers, and a modified standard 45 mm wide MAS probe for 7 mm rotors. To illustrate the performance of the instrument and address cases where the low magnetic field may offer complementarity to high-field NMR experiments, we demonstrate applications for (23)Na MAS NMR with enhanced second-order quadrupolar coupling effects and (31)P MAS NMR where reduced influence from chemical shift anisotropy at low field may facilitate determination of heteronuclear dipole-dipole couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten K Sørensen
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Oleg Bakharev
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ole Jensen
- Nanonord A/S, Skjernvej 4A, DK-9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Hans J Jakobsen
- Instrument Centre for Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Skibsted
- Instrument Centre for Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Niels Chr Nielsen
- Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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20
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Abstract
Although solid-state NMR (SSNMR) provides rich information about molecular structure and dynamics, the small spin population differences between pairs of spin states that give rise to NMR transitions make it an inherently insensitive spectroscopic technique in terms of signal acquisition. Scientists have continuously addressed this issue via improvements in NMR hardware and probes, increases in the strength of the magnetic field, and the development of innovative pulse sequences and acquisition methodologies. As a result, researchers can now study NMR-active nuclides previously thought to be unobservable or too unreceptive for routine examination via SSNMR. Several factors can make it extremely challenging to detect signal or acquire spectra using SSNMR: (i) low gyromagnetic ratios (i.e., low Larmor frequencies), (ii) low natural abundances or dilution of the nuclide of interest (e.g., metal nuclides in proteins or in organometallic catalysts supported on silica), (iii) inconvenient relaxation characteristics (e.g., very long longitudinal or very short transverse relaxation times), and/or (iv) extremely broad powder patterns arising from large anisotropic NMR interactions. Our research group has been particularly interested in efficient acquisition of broad NMR powder patterns for a variety of spin-1/2 and quadrupolar (spin > 1/2) nuclides. Traditionally, researchers have used the term "wideline" NMR to refer to experiments yielding broad (1)H and (2)H SSNMR spectra ranging from tens of kHz to ∼250 kHz in breadth. With modern FT NMR hardware, uniform excitation in these spectral ranges is relatively easy, allowing for the acquisition of high quality spectra. However, spectra that range in breadth from ca. 250 kHz to tens of MHz cannot be uniformly excited with conventional, high-power rectangular pulses. Rather, researchers must apply special methodologies to acquire such spectra, which have inherently low S/N because the signal intensity is spread across such large spectral breadths. We have suggested the term ultra-wideline NMR (UWNMR) spectroscopy to describe this set of methodologies. This Account describes recent developments in pulse sequences and strategies for the efficient acquisition of UWNMR spectra. After an introduction to anisotropically broadened NMR patterns, we give a brief history of methods used to acquire UWNMR spectra. We then discuss new acquisition methodologies, including the acquisition of CPMG echo trains and the application of pulses capable of broadband excitation and refocusing. Finally, we present several applications of UWNMR methods that use these broadband pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4
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21
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Schneider J, Tsuchida J, Eckert H. Cation size effects in mixed-ion metaphosphate glasses: structural characterization by multinuclear solid state NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14328-39. [PMID: 23877101 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metaphosphate glasses with two monovalent species A(1-x)B(x)PO3 (0 ≤x≤ 1) show mixed-ion effects (MIE) in the dc conductivities and glass transition temperatures, which are strongly dependent on the cation size mismatch between the two mobile species. In the present contribution, mixed-ion metaphosphate glasses based on the cation combinations Cs-Li, Rb-Li, and Cs-Ag, exhibiting particularly large size mismatches, are analyzed by (31)P, (87)Rb, (109)Ag and (133)Cs NMR to determine possible correlations between this mismatch and some of the structural properties critical to the development of the MIE: the local environments around the mobile species and their spatial distribution relative to each other. The results are compared with those obtained in the Na-Ag metaphosphate series, which serves as a reference system, with minimized cation mismatch MIE. The local coordination environments of the Ag(+), Rb(+) and Cs(+) ions follow analogous compositional trends as previously observed in Na-based mixed-ion metaphosphate glasses: for a given cation species A, the average A-O distance shows an expansion/compression when this cation is replaced by a second species B with smaller/bigger ionic radius, respectively. This compositional differentiation of the structural sites for the mobile species may contribute to the MIE. Concerning the relative spatial distribution of the mobile ions, results from (7)Li-(133)Cs (SEDOR) experiments indicate a random mixture of Cs and Li in Cs-Li metaphosphate glasses. While this result is in agreement with one of the fundamental hypotheses of the models proposed to describe the MIE, it is at variance with the observation of various partial cation segregation phenomena observed in Na-based mixed alkali glasses. This result suggests that cation size mismatch is not the decisive parameter in determining segregation or non-statistical mixing of cations in the glass. In the Cs-Ag and Na-Ag glasses, (109)Ag spin-echo NMR reveals a progressive slowing down of the Ag(+) diffusion dynamics as this species is replaced by Cs(+) or Na(+). The substitution by the bigger Cs(+) ion causes a strong reduction in Ag(+) mobility suggesting the existence of separated diffusion pathways for these cations. In contrast, substitution by the similarly-sized Na(+) causes a much weaker mobility reduction consistent with the existence of Ag-Na cooperative hopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schneider
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
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22
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Bartsch T, Wiegand T, Ren J, Eckert H, Johrendt D, Niehaus O, Eul M, Pöttgen R. Phosphide Oxides RE2AuP2O (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd): Synthesis, Structure, Chemical Bonding, Magnetism, and 31P and 139La Solid State NMR. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2094-102. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302475u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timo Bartsch
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30,
48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jinjun Ren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30,
48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30,
48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Johrendt
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München,
Germany
| | - Oliver Niehaus
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Eul
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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23
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Rossini AJ, Macgregor AW, Smith AS, Schatte G, Schurko RW, Briand GG. Structural variation in ethylenediamine and -diphosphine adducts of (2,6-Me2C6H3S)2Pb: a single crystal X-ray diffraction and 207Pb solid-state NMR spectroscopy study. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:9533-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt33070b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Harris KJ, Lupulescu A, Lucier BEG, Frydman L, Schurko RW. Broadband adiabatic inversion pulses for cross polarization in wideline solid-state NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2012; 224:38-47. [PMID: 23023623 PMCID: PMC5081099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2012.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient acquisition of ultra-wideline solid-state NMR powder patterns is a continuing challenge. In particular, when the breadth of the powder pattern is much larger than the cross-polarization (CP) excitation bandwidth, transfer efficiencies suffer and experimental times are greatly increased. Presented herein is a CP pulse sequence with an excitation bandwidth that is up to ten times greater than that available from a conventional spin-locked CP pulse sequence. The pulse sequence, broadband adiabatic inversion CP (BRAIN-CP), makes use of the broad, uniformly large frequency profiles of chirped inversion pulses, to provide these same characteristics to the polarization transfer process. A detailed theoretical analysis is given, providing insight into the polarization transfer process involved in BRAIN-CP. Experiments on spin-1/2 nuclei including (119)Sn, (199)Hg and (195)Pt nuclei are presented, and the large bandwidth improvements possible with BRAIN-CP are demonstrated. Furthermore, it is shown that BRAIN-CP can be combined with broadband frequency-swept versions of the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill experiment (for instance with WURST-CPMG, or WCPMG for brevity); the combined BRAIN-CP/WCPMG experiment then provides multiplicative signal enhancements of both CP and multiple-echo acquisition over a broad frequency region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher J. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, N9B 3P4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adonis Lupulescu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan E. G. Lucier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, N9B 3P4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
- Authors for correspondence: ,
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, N9B 3P4, Ontario, Canada
- Authors for correspondence: ,
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Macdonald CLB, Bandyopadhyay R, Cooper BFT, Friedl WW, Rossini AJ, Schurko RW, Eichhorn SH, Herber RH. Experimental and Computational Insights into the Stabilization of Low-Valent Main Group Elements Using Crown Ethers and Related Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:4332-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ja211135s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles L. B. Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Rajoshree Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Benjamin F. T. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Warren W. Friedl
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - S. Holger Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor,
Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Rolfe H. Herber
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904,
Israel
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Rossini AJ, Zagdoun A, Lelli M, Gajan D, Rascón F, Rosay M, Maas WE, Copéret C, Lesage A, Emsley L. One hundred fold overall sensitivity enhancements for Silicon-29 NMR spectroscopy of surfaces by dynamic nuclear polarization with CPMG acquisition. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00550b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Deschamps M, Roiland C, Bureau B, Yang G, Le Pollès L, Massiot D. 77Se solid-state NMR investigations on As(x)Se(1-x) glasses using CPMG acquisition under MAS. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2011; 40:72-77. [PMID: 21741223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(77)Se (I=1/2) solid-state NMR is a very sensitive probe of the local structure of selenide glasses, which themselves are promising for optical applications. In this work, we show that although (77)Se has a low natural abundance (7.58%) and a wide spectral range, the sensitivity can be dramatically increased using Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) trains of rotor-synchronized π pulses during the detection of (77)Se magnetization but may be affected by chemical shift anisotropy when the Magic Angle Spinning rate is not fast enough and by offset effects. The indirect dimension of the T(2)(CPMG)-resolved spectrum shows a strong influence of the J-couplings between naturally occurring (77)Se pairs. The resulting spectra show that the structural model known as "chains crossing model" is not entirely suitable to describe the glassy network of the Se-rich compositions.
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28
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Lucier BE, Reidel AR, Schurko RW. Multinuclear solid-state NMR of square-planar platinum complexes — Cisplatin and related systems. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) experiments have been performed on cisplatin and four related square-planar compounds. The wideband uniform rate smooth truncation – Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (WURST–CPMG) pulse sequence was utilized in NMR experiments to acquire 195Pt, 14N, and 35Cl ultra-wideline NMR spectra of high quality. Standard Hahn-echo and magic-angle spinning 195Pt NMR experiments are also performed to refine extracted chemical shielding (CS) tensor parameters. Platinum magnetic shielding (MS) tensor orientations are calculated using both plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) and standard DFT methods. The tensor orientations are shown to be highly constrained by molecular symmetry elements, but also influenced to some degree by intermolecular interactions. 14N WURST–CPMG experiments were performed on three compounds and electric field gradient (EFG) parameters (the quadrupolar coupling constant, CQ, and the asymmetry parameter, ηQ) are reported. First principles calculations of the 14N EFG tensor parameters and orientations and affirm their dependence on the local hydrogen bonding environment. 35Cl WURST–CPMG experiments on cisplatin and transplatin are reported, using two different static magnetic fields to extract EFG and CS tensor parameters, and 35Cl EFG tensor magnitudes and orientations are predicted using first principles calculations. Transverse (T2) relaxation data for all nuclei are used to investigate heteronuclear dipolar relaxation mechanisms, as well as the nature of the local hydrogen bonding environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan E.G. Lucier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Alex R. Reidel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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29
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Hudson ZM, Sun C, Harris KJ, Lucier BEG, Schurko RW, Wang S. Probing the Structural Origins of Vapochromism of a Triarylboron-Functionalized Platinum(II) Acetylide by Optical and Multinuclear Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:3447-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ic102349h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Christina Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Kristopher J. Harris
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Bryan E. G. Lucier
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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MacGregor AW, O'Dell LA, Schurko RW. New methods for the acquisition of ultra-wideline solid-state NMR spectra of spin-1/2 nuclides. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2011; 208:103-113. [PMID: 21130011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Wideband Uniform Rate Smooth Truncation - Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill (WURST-CPMG) pulse sequence was recently introduced as a new method of acquiring ultra-wideline solid-state NMR (SSNMR) patterns of quadrupolar nuclei (Chem. Phys. Lett. 464 (2008) 97). Herein, we describe the application of the WURST-CPMG pulse sequence to stationary samples (i.e., non-spinning or "static" samples) of various spin-1/2 nuclides ((119)Sn, (207)Pb, (199)Hg and (195)Pt) in order to examine its effectiveness for acquiring ultra-wideline SSNMR patterns. WURST-CPMG is compared to the CPMG and Cross Polarization (CP)-CPMG pulse sequences in select cases ((119)Sn and (207)Pb, respectively), and its usefulness in obtaining ultra-wideline SSNMR spectra in a piecewise fashion is explored. In addition, a preliminary investigation of pulses generated using optimal control theory (OCT) for the purpose of wideline excitation is presented; spectra acquired using these pulses are compared with standard, rectangular pulses of similar pulse powers. Both methods show much promise for acquiring high quality wideline patterns dominated by chemical shift anisotropy, with minimal distortions and significantly reduced experimental times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan W MacGregor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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32
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Deters H, de Lima JF, Magon CJ, de Camargo ASS, Eckert H. Structural models for yttrium aluminium borate laser glasses: NMR and EPR studies of the system (Y2O3)0.2–(Al2O3)x–(B2O3)0.8−x. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:16071-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Hung I, Gan Z. On the practical aspects of recording wideline QCPMG NMR spectra. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 204:256-265. [PMID: 20359918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The practical aspects of applying CPMG for acquisition of wideline powder patterns are examined. It is shown that most distortions/modulations of spikelet spectra can be traced to the incoherent signal averaging from multiple coherence transfer pathways. A strategy for minimizing these distortions/modulations is described. Also, a few interesting observations regarding the implementation of the wideline WURST-QCPMG experiment are presented, namely the accumulation of second-order signal phase and the effects of varying the sweep rate and rf field of chirp pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hung
- Center of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
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34
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Weiss JWE, Bryce DL. A solid-state (11)b NMR and computational study of boron electric field gradient and chemical shift tensors in boronic acids and boronic esters. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:5119-31. [PMID: 20337440 PMCID: PMC2857870 DOI: 10.1021/jp101416k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The results of a solid-state (11)B NMR study of a series of 10 boronic acids and boronic esters with aromatic substituents are reported. Boron-11 electric field gradient (EFG) and chemical shift (CS) tensors obtained from analyses of spectra acquired in magnetic fields of 9.4 and 21.1 T are demonstrated to be useful for gaining insight into the molecular and electronic structure about the boron nucleus. Data collected at 21.1 T clearly show the effects of chemical shift anisotropy (CSA), with tensor spans (Omega) on the order of 10-40 ppm. Signal enhancements of up to 2.95 were achieved with a DFS-modified QCPMG pulse sequence. To understand the relationship between the measured tensors and the local structure better, calculations of the (11)B EFG and magnetic shielding tensors for these compounds were conducted. The best agreement was found between experimental results and those obtained from GGA revPBE DFT calculations. A positive correlation was found between Omega and the dihedral angle (phi(CCBO)), which describes the orientation of the boronic acid/ester functional group relative to an aromatic system bound to boron. The small boron CSA is discussed in terms of paramagnetic shielding contributions as well as diamagnetic shielding contributions. Although there is a region of overlap, both Omega and the (11)B quadrupolar coupling constants tend to be larger for boronic acids than for the esters. We conclude that the span is generally the most characteristic boron NMR parameter of the molecular and electronic environment for boronic acids and esters, and show that the values result from a delicate interplay of several competing factors, including hydrogen bonding, the value of phi(CCBO), and the electron-donating or withdrawing substituents bound to the aromatic ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W. E. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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35
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Tang JA, Kogut E, Norton D, Lough AJ, McGarvey BR, Fekl U, Schurko RW. Impact of reduction on the properties of metal bisdithiolenes: multinuclear solid-state NMR and structural studies on Pt(tfd)2 and its reduced forms. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:3298-313. [PMID: 19236015 DOI: 10.1021/jp807530d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal dithiolene complexes have interesting structures and fascinating redox properties, making them promising candidates for a number of applications, including superconductors, photonic devices, chemical sensors, and catalysts. However, not enough is known about the molecular electronic origins of these properties. Multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy and first-principles calculations are used to examine the molecular and electronic structures of the redox series [Pt(tfd)(2)](z-) (tfd = S(2)C(2)(CF(3))(2); z = 0, 1, 2; the anionic species have [NEt(4)](+) countercations). Single-crystal X-ray structures for the neutral (z = 0) and the fully reduced forms (z = 2) were obtained. The two species have very similar structures but differ slightly in their intraligand bond lengths. (19)F-(195)Pt CP/CPMG and (195)Pt magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments are used to probe the diamagnetic (z = 0, 2) species, revealing large platinum chemical shielding anisotropies (CSA) with distinct CS tensor properties, despite the very similar structural features of these species. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to rationalize the large platinum CSAs and CS tensor orientations of the diamagnetic species using molecular orbital (MO) analysis, and are used to explain their distinct molecular electronic structures in the context of the NMR data. The paramagnetic species (z = 1) is examined using both EPR spectroscopy and (13)C and (19)F MAS NMR spectroscopy. Platinum g-tensor components were determined by using solid-state EPR experiments. The unpaired electron spin densities at (13)C and (19)F nuclei were measured by employing variable-temperature (13)C and (19)F NMR experiments. DFT and ab initio calculations are able to qualitatively reproduce the experimentally measured g-tensor components and spin densities. The combination of experimental and theoretical data confirm localization of unpaired electron density in the pi-system of the dithiolene rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Thibault MH, Lucier BE, Schurko RW, Fontaine FG. Synthesis and solid-state characterization of platinum complexes with hexadentate amino- and iminophosphine ligands. Dalton Trans 2009:7701-16. [DOI: 10.1039/b907737e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Acquisition of ultra-wideline NMR spectra from quadrupolar nuclei by frequency stepped WURST–QCPMG. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Hamaed H, Lo AYH, May LJ, Taylor JM, Shimizu GH, Schurko RW. Investigation of Silver-Containing Layered Materials and Their Interactions with Primary Amines Using Solid-State 109Ag and 15N NMR Spectroscopy and First Principles Calculations. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:11245-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801549p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiyam Hamaed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Andy Y. H. Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Leslie J. May
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Jared M. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - George H. Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
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39
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O’Dell LA, Schurko RW. QCPMG using adiabatic pulses for faster acquisition of ultra-wideline NMR spectra. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Wiench JW, Lin VSY, Pruski M. 29Si NMR in solid state with CPMG acquisition under MAS. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2008; 193:233-42. [PMID: 18538601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A remarkable enhancement of sensitivity can be often achieved in 29Si solid-state NMR by applying the well-known Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) train of rotor-synchronized pi pulses during the detection of silicon magnetization. Here, several one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) techniques are used to demonstrate the capabilities of this approach. Examples include 1D 29Si{X} CPMAS spectra and 2D 29Si{X} HETCOR spectra of mesoporous silicas, zeolites and minerals, where X=1H or 27Al. Data processing methods, experimental strategies and sensitivity limits are discussed and illustrated by experiments. The mechanisms of transverse dephasing of 29Si nuclei in solids are analyzed. Fast magic angle spinning, at rates between 25 and 40 kHz, is instrumental in achieving the highest sensitivity gain in some of these experiments. In the case of 29Si-29Si double-quantum techniques, CPMG detection can be exploited to measure homonuclear J-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Wiench
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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41
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Briand GG, Smith AD, Schatte G, Rossini AJ, Schurko RW. Probing lead(II) bonding environments in 4-substituted pyridine adducts of (2,6-Me2C6H3S)2Pb: an X-ray structural and solid-state 207Pb NMR study. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:8625-37. [PMID: 17867676 DOI: 10.1021/ic700738w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of subtle changes in the sigma-electron donor ability of 4-substituted pyridine ligands on the lead(II) coordination environment of (2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3)S)(2)Pb (1) adducts has been examined. The reaction of 1 with a series of 4-substituted pyridines in toluene or dichloromethane results in the formation of 1:1 complexes [(2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3)S)(2)Pb(pyCOH)](2) (3), [(2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3)S)(2)Pb(pyOMe)](2) (4), and (2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3)S)(2)Pb(pyNMe(2)) (5) (pyCOH = 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde; pyOMe = 4-methoxypyridine; pyNMe2 = 4-dimethylaminopyridine), all of which have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structures of 3 and 4 are dimeric and have psi-trigonal bipyramidal S(3)N bonding environments, with the 4-substituted pyridine nitrogen and bridging sulfur atoms in axial positions and two thiolate sulfur atoms in equatorial sites. Conversely, compound 5 is monomeric and exhibits a psi-trigonal pyramidal S(2)N bonding environment at lead(II). The observed structures may be rationalized in terms of a simple valence bond model and the sigma-electron donor ability of the 4-pyridine ligands as derived from the analysis of proton affinity values. Solid-state (207)Pb NMR experiments are applied in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to provide further insight into the nature of bonding in 4, 5, and (2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3)S)(2)Pb(py)(2) (2). The lead chemical shielding (CS) tensor parameters of 2, 4, and 5 reveal some of the largest chemical shielding anisotropies (CSA) observed in lead coordination complexes to date. DFT calculations using the Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF) program, which take into account relativistic effects using the zeroth-order regular approximation (ZORA), yield lead CS tensor components and orientations. Paramagnetic contributions to the lead CS tensor from individual pairs of occupied and virtual molecular orbitals (MOs) are examined to gain insight into the origin of the large CSA. The CS tensor is primarily influenced by mixing of the occupied MOs localized on the sulfur and lead atoms with virtual MOs largely comprised of lead 6p orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen G Briand
- Department of Chemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada E4L 1G8.
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42
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Abstract
This critical review highlights the progress in (195)Pt NMR over the last 25 years. In particular, some of the recent applications of (195)Pt NMR in catalytic and mechanistic studies, intermetallics and drug binding studies are discussed. (195)Pt NMR chemical shifts obtained from both theoretical studies and experiments are presented for Pt(0), Pt(II), Pt(III) and Pt(IV) complexes. (195)Pt coupling with various nuclei (viz. coupling constants) have also been collected in addition to data on (195)Pt relaxation. The latest developments in the theoretical knowledge and experimental advances have made (195)Pt NMR into a rich source of information in many fields. (164 references.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Still
- Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group, College of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, NSW 1797, Australia
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Spikes GH, Giuliani JR, Augustine MP, Nowik I, Herber RH, Power PP. Solid-State 119Sn NMR and Mössbauer Spectroscopy of “Distannynes”: Evidence for Large Structural Differences in the Crystalline Phase. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:9132-6. [PMID: 17054374 DOI: 10.1021/ic060983m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The "distannynes" Ar'SnSnAr' (Ar' = C6H3-2,6(C6H3-2,6-Pr(i)2)2) and ArSnSnAr (Ar = C6H3-2,6(C6H2-2,4,6-Pr(i)3)2) were examined by solid-state (119)Sn NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The two compounds display substantially different spectroscopic parameters, while differing only in the absence (Ar'SnSnAr') or presence (ArSnSnAr) of a para-Pr(i) group in the flanking aryl rings of their terphenyl substituents. The spectroscopic differences can be interpreted in terms of a more trans-bent geometry and a longer Sn-Sn bond for ArSnSnAr in comparison to the wider Sn-Sn-C angle (125.24(7) degrees ) and shorter Sn-Sn bond length (2.6675(4)A) determined from the crystal structure of Ar'SnSnAr'. The differences are consistent with previously published calculations by Nagase and Takagi for ArSnSnAr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey H Spikes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil Dybowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716-2522, USA
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45
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Phillips BL, Houston JR, Feng J, Casey WH. Observation of solid-state 103Rh NMR by cross-polarization. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:3912-3. [PMID: 16551090 DOI: 10.1021/ja057347s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using 103Rh[1H] cross-polarization (CP) methods, we have obtained solid-state 103Rh NMR spectra for diamagnetic Rh(III) compounds. The isotropic chemical shift and chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) are reported for a crystalline form of the dihydroxy-bridged Rh(III) dimer and for a salt of the oxo-centered acetate-bridged Rh(III) trimer, from analysis of conventional CP/MAS spectra. Comparison of the CP kinetics of the dimer with new crystal structure data suggests a strategy for predicting 103Rh CP/MAS properties in solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Phillips
- Center for Environmental Molecular Science, Department of Geosciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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Tang JA, Masuda JD, Boyle TJ, Schurko RW. Ultra-wideline27Al NMR Investigation of Three- and Five-Coordinate Aluminum Environments. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:117-30. [PMID: 16404763 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-wideline 27Al NMR experiments are conducted on coordination compounds with 27Al nuclei possessing immense quadrupolar interactions that result from exceptionally nonspherical coordination environments. NMR spectra are acquired using a methodology involving frequency-stepped, piecewise acquisition of NMR spectra with Hahn-echo or quadrupolar Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill (QCPMG) pulse sequences, which is applicable to any half-integer quadrupolar nucleus with extremely broad NMR powder patterns. Despite the large breadth of these central transition powder patterns, ranging from 250 to 700 kHz, the total experimental times are an order of magnitude less than previously reported experiments on analogous complexes with smaller quadrupolar interactions. The complexes examined feature three- or five-coordinate aluminum sites: trismesitylaluminum (AlMes3), tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)amino)aluminum (Al(NTMS2)3), bis[dimethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Me2-Al(mu-OTHF)]2), and bis[diethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Et2-Al(mu-OTHF)]2). We report some of the largest 27Al quadrupolar coupling constants measured to date, with values of C(Q)(27Al) of 48.2(1), 36.3(1), 19.9(1), and 19.6(2) MHz for AlMes3, Al(NTMS2)3, [Me2-Al(mu-OTHF)]2, and [Et2-Al(mu-OTHF)]2, respectively. X-ray crystallographic data and theoretical (Hartree-Fock and DFT) calculations of 27Al electric field gradient (EFG) tensors are utilized to examine the relationships between the quadrupolar interactions and molecular structure; in particular, the origin of the immense quadrupolar interaction in the three-coordinate species is studied via analyses of molecular orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
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