1
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Zhu J, Liu H, Zhou X, Wang Z, Bing L, Han D, Wang G, Wang F. Insights into the Modifying Effect of Ga on Cu-Based Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Hydroxypivalaldehyde to Neopentyl Glycol. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cu-based catalysts, modified by gallium addition via the stepwise co-precipitation method, were studied for the liquid phase hydrogenation of hydroxypivalaldehyde (HPA) to neopentyl glycol (NPG). Through physico-chemical techniques, the effects of gallium introduction on the Cu trimetallic catalyst performance and the reaction mechanism of HPA hydrogenation were discussed. The characterization results showed that gallium introduction can influence the dispersion, reduction, and distribution of active Cu species, as well as their reactivity. Herein, the catalyst with 2 wt% gallium addition exhibited excellent catalytic performance with HPA conversion rate and NPG selectivity of 93.5% and 95.5%, at a reaction pressure of 3 MPa, temperature of 110 °C, hydrogen-aldehyde ratio (molar ratio) 10:1, and liquid space-time at a speed of 8.4 h−1. The good performance could be attributed to gallium doping tending to dynamically tune the interaction between the components, increasing Cu dispersion and the distributions of Cu+ and Cu0 species on the catalyst surfaces.
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2
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Farjood M, Zanjanchi MA. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nano-silica/copper plasmon by aminofunctional silane for dye pollutant degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:77656-77670. [PMID: 35687288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of silica gel nanostructures and loading it with copper specie via a hydrothermal process were performed. The sample is treated with an amino-functional reagent 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), TGA/DSC measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activities of the nanostructures were studied for degradation of methylene blue dye (as a classic dye contaminant) in aqueous solution utilizing visible light source. The results displayed that the sample treated with APTES is much more effective in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. This modified catalyst could eliminate methylene blue dye (50 mL, 18 µg mL-1) within 60 min under visible light. The degradation efficiency was increased by shortening the degradation time to 30 min in the alkaline medium. The pseudo-first-order model well describes the kinetics of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Farjood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41335-1914, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41335-1914, Iran
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3
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Saddiq HA, Muhammed-Dabo IA, Hamza A, Waziri SM. Kinetic modeling of CuO/CeO2 and CuO/Nb2O5 as oxygen carriers in the production of syngas. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-02090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Khan WU, Yu IKM, Sun Y, Polson MIJ, Golovko V, Lam FLY, Ogino I, Tsang DCW, Yip ACK. Size-activity threshold of titanium dioxide-supported Cu cluster in CO oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116899. [PMID: 33743438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of non-noble metal cluster catalysts, aiming at concurrently high activity and stability, for emission control systems has been challenging because of sintering and overcoating of clusters on the support. In this work, we reported the role of well-dispersed copper nanoclusters supported on TiO2 in CO oxidation under industrially relevant operating conditions. The catalyst containing 0.15 wt% Cu on TiO2 (0.15 CT) exhibited a high dispersion (59.1%), a large specific surface area (381 m2/gCu), a small particle size (1.77 nm), and abundant active sites (75.8% Cu2O). The CO oxidation activity measured by the turnover frequency (TOF) was found to be enhanced from 0.60 × 10-3 to 3.22 × 10-3 molCO·molCu-1·s-1 as the copper loading decreased from 5 to 0.15 wt%. A CO conversion of approximately 60% was still observed in the supported cluster catalyst with a Cu loading of 5 wt% at 240 °C. No deactivation was observed for catalysts with low copper loading (0.15 and 0.30 CT) after 8 h of time-on-stream, which compares favorably with less stable Au cluster-based catalysts reported in the literature. In contrast, catalysts with high copper loading (0.75 and 5 CT) showed deactivation over time, which was ascribed to the increase in copper particle size due to metal cluster agglomeration. This study elucidated the size-activity threshold of TiO2-supported Cu cluster catalysts. It also demonstrated the potential of the supported Cu cluster catalyst at a typical temperature range of diesel engines at light-load. The supported Cu cluster catalyst could be a promising alternative to noble metal cluster catalysts for emission control systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Iris K M Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew I J Polson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Vladimir Golovko
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Frank L Y Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Isao Ogino
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alex C K Yip
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
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Dasireddy VDBC, Bharuth-Ram K, Hanzel D, Likozar B. Heterogeneous Cu-Fe oxide catalysts for preferential CO oxidation (PROX) in H 2-rich process streams. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35792-35802. [PMID: 35517100 PMCID: PMC9056926 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06969h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of Fe loading in Cu–Fe phases and its effect on carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation in H2-rich reactant streams were investigated with the catalyst material phases characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and Mössbauer Spectroscopy (MS). There was no change in the oxidation state of the Fe ions with copper or iron loading. The catalytic activity was examined in the feed consisting of H2, H2O and CO2 for the preferential CO oxidation (PROX) process. These catalysts showed an optimized performance in converting CO in WGS streams in the temperature range of 80–200 °C. In addition to the formation of the CuFe2O4 phase, the Fe and Cu were found to be incorporated into a Cu–Fe supersaturated solid solution which improved CO oxidation activity, with carbon dioxide and water produced selectively with high catalytic activity in depleted hydrogen streams. Relatively high conversion of CO was obtained with high Fe metal loading. In addition to their catalytic efficiency, the employed heterogeneous catalysts are inexpensive to produce and do not contain any critical raw materials such as platinum group metals. Fe loading in Cu–Fe phases and its effect on carbon monoxide oxidation in H2-rich reactant streams were investigated with the catalyst material phases characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction studies and Mössbauer Spectroscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata D B C Dasireddy
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry Slovenia Hajdrihova 19 SI-1001 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Krish Bharuth-Ram
- Physics Department, Durban University of Technology Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Darko Hanzel
- Jozef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry Slovenia Hajdrihova 19 SI-1001 Ljubljana Slovenia
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6
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Seguel J, García R, Chimentão RJ, García-Fierro JL, Ghampson IT, Escalona N, Sepúlveda C. Thermal Modification Effect on Supported Cu-Based Activated Carbon Catalyst in Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E603. [PMID: 32013085 PMCID: PMC7040595 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) was performed over activated carbon supported copper-based catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation using a pristine carbon support and thermally-treated carbon supports (450, 600, 750, and 1000 °C). The final hydrogen adsorption capacity, porous structure, and total acidity of the catalysts were found to be important descriptors to understand catalytic performance. Oxygen surface groups on the support controlled copper dispersion by modifying acidic and adsorption properties. The amount of oxygen species of thermally modified carbon supports was also found to be a function of its specific surface area. Carbon supports with high specific surface areas contained large amount of oxygen surface species, inducing homogeneous distribution of Cu species on the carbon support during impregnation. The oxygen surface groups likely acted as anchorage centers, whereby the more stable oxygen surface groups after the reduction treatment produced an increase in the interaction of the copper species with the carbon support, and determined catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Seguel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160C, Chile; (J.S.); (R.G.); (R.J.C.)
- Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago 7810000, Chile;
| | - Rafael García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160C, Chile; (J.S.); (R.G.); (R.J.C.)
| | - Ricardo José Chimentão
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160C, Chile; (J.S.); (R.G.); (R.J.C.)
| | | | - I. Tyrone Ghampson
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
| | - Néstor Escalona
- Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago 7810000, Chile;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7810000, Chile
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción, Coronel 4190000, Chile
| | - Catherine Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160C, Chile; (J.S.); (R.G.); (R.J.C.)
- Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago 7810000, Chile;
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7
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Pei Y, Zhao J, Shi R, Wang X, Li Z, Ren J. Hierarchical Porous Carbon-Supported Copper Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst for the Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Sepúlveda C, Cruces K, Gajardo J, Seguel J, García R, Salinas D, Fierro JLG, Ghampson IT, Serpell R, Escalona N. The promoter effect of Co on the catalytic activity of the Cu oxide active phase supported on Al2O3 in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03534f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The CuCo2O4 species formed by CoO addition on CuO/Al2O3 had a beneficial effect on the catalytic activity in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol.
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9
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Hou X, Qin F, Qing S, Liu Y, Li L, Gao Z, Qin Y. Probing the existing state of Cu( ii) in a Cu–Al spinel catalyst using N 2O decomposition reaction with the aid of conventional characterizations. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00563c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spinel and interacting Cu(ii) species have no activity for N2O decomposition, while free Cu(ii) shows activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Hou
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Fajie Qin
- Light Industry Research Institute of Guangxi
- China
| | - Shaojun Qing
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yajie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jinzhong University
- Jinzhong 030619
- China
| | - Lindong Li
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Yong Qin
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
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10
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Production of hydrogen by oxidative steam reforming of methanol over Cu/SiO2 catalysts. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Ye RP, Lin L, Liu CQ, Chen CC, Yao YG. One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclodextrin-Doped Cu-SiO2
Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogenation of Dimethyl Oxalate to Ethylene Glycol. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ping Ye
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 100049 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Ling Lin
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 100049 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Chong-Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 100049 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Gen Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P.R. China
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12
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Sepúlveda C, Delgado L, García R, Melendrez M, Fierro J, Ghampson I, Escalona N. Effect of phosphorus on the activity of Cu/SiO 2 catalysts in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Amjad UES, Gonçalves Lenzi G, Camargo Fernandes-Machado NR, Specchia S. MgO and Nb2O5 oxides used as supports for Ru-based catalysts for the methane steam reforming reaction. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Angelici C, Meirer F, van der Eerden AMJ, Schaink HL, Goryachev A, Hofmann JP, Hensen EJM, Weckhuysen BM, Bruijnincx PCA. Ex Situ and Operando Studies on the Role of Copper in Cu-Promoted SiO2–MgO Catalysts for the Lebedev Ethanol-to-Butadiene Process. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Angelici
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ad M. J. van der Eerden
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Herrick L. Schaink
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrey Goryachev
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan P. Hofmann
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Dong F, Zhu Y, Zheng H, Zhu Y, Li X, Li Y. Cr-free Cu-catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural to 2-methylfuran: The synergistic effect of metal and acid sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Huang Z, Liu H, Cui F, Zuo J, Chen J, Xia C. Effects of the precipitation agents and rare earth additives on the structure and catalytic performance in glycerol hydrogenolysis of Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by precipitation-gel method. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Angelici C, Velthoen MEZ, Weckhuysen BM, Bruijnincx PCA. Effect of preparation method and CuO promotion in the conversion of ethanol into 1,3-butadiene over SiO₂-MgO catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:2505-2515. [PMID: 25045112 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Silica-magnesia (Si/Mg=1:1) catalysts were studied in the one-pot conversion of ethanol to butadiene. The catalyst synthesis method was found to greatly influence morphology and performance, with materials prepared through wet-kneading performing best both in terms of ethanol conversion and butadiene yield. Detailed characterization of the catalysts synthesized through co-precipitation or wet-kneading allowed correlation of activity and selectivity with morphology, textural properties, crystallinity, and acidity/basicity. The higher yields achieved with the wet-kneaded catalysts were attributed to a morphology consisting of SiO2 spheres embedded in a thin layer of MgO. The particle size of the SiO2 catalysts also influenced performance, with catalysts with smaller SiO2 spheres showing higher activity. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) measurements showed that best butadiene yields were obtained with SiO2-MgO catalysts characterized by an intermediate amount of acidic and basic sites. A Hammett indicator study showed the catalysts' pK(a) value to be inversely correlated with the amount of dehydration by-products formed. Butadiene yields could be further improved by the addition of 1 wt% of CuO as promoter to give butadiene yields and selectivities as high as 40% and 53%, respectively. The copper promoter boosts the production of the acetaldehyde intermediate changing the rate-determining step of the process. TEM-energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses showed CuO to be present on both the SiO2 and MgO components. UV/Vis spectra of promoted catalysts in turn pointed at the presence of cluster-like CuO species, which are proposed to be responsible for the increased butadiene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Angelici
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
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18
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Ma X, Chi H, Yue H, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Lv J, Wang S, Gong J. Hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethylene glycol over mesoporous Cu-MCM-41 catalysts. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbin Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Hanwen Chi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Hairong Yue
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Jing Lv
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Shengping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin; 300072; China
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19
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20
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Rezende CC, Neto JL, Silva AC, Lima VM, Pereira MC, Oliveira LC. Synthesis and characterization of iron/niobium composites: Catalyst for dye wastewater treatments. CATAL COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Huang Z, Cui F, Xue J, Zuo J, Chen J, Xia C. Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by hom- and heterogeneous deposition–precipitation methods: Texture, structure, and catalytic performance in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Li D, Yu Q, Li SS, Wan HQ, Liu LJ, Qi L, Liu B, Gao F, Dong L, Chen Y. The Remarkable Enhancement of CO-Pretreated CuOMn2O3/γ-Al2O3 Supported Catalyst for the Reduction of NO with CO: The Formation of Surface Synergetic Oxygen Vacancy. Chemistry 2011; 17:5668-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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LIN L, PAN P, ZHOU Z, LI Z, YANG J, SUN M, YAO Y. Cu/SiO2 Catalysts Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method for Hydrogenation of Dimethyl Oxalate to Ethylene Glycol. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(10)60223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Chary KV, Srikanth CS, Venkat Rao V. Characterization and reactivity of Nb2O5 supported Ru catalysts. CATAL COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Wan H, Liu B, Zhao X, Li X, Zhu H, Xu X, Ji F, Sun K, Dong L, Chen Y. Influence of magnesia modification on the properties of copper oxide supported on γ-alumina. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 320:520-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 01/21/2008] [Accepted: 02/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhu W, Wang L, Liu S, Wang Z. Characterization and catalytic behavior of silica-supported copper catalysts prepared by impregnation and ion-exchange methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-008-5178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ji D, Zhu W, Wang Z, Wang G. Dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol on Cu–ZnO/SiO2 catalysts: The role of copper species. CATAL COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Gianni P, Bernazzani L, Carosi R, Mollica V. Micellization of lithium perfluoroheptanoate and its aggregation on poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers in water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:8752-9. [PMID: 17645360 DOI: 10.1021/la701190g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of lithium perfluoroheptanoate (LiPFHep) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of different molecular weights (300 < MW < 20 000 Da) was investigated in water at 298.15 and 308.15 K by the isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Density and sound velocity measurements were also performed at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K, while viscosity and conductivity data were only collected at 298.15 K. The aggregation process of this surfactant on the PEG polymeric chain was found to be very similar to the process exhibited by the two homologous perfluorooctanoate and perfluorononanoate. Viscosity and ITC data indicated that the formation of polymer-surfactant complexes between PEG and LiPFHep also leads to a conformational change in the polymer. The aggregation of micelles of the lithium perfluoro surfactants on the PEG polymeric chain is characterized by a comparable thermodynamic stability, which results from a balance of enthalpy and entropy contributions, which both increase with the length of the surfactant hydrophobic chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gianni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
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Gianni P, Barghini A, Bernazzani L, Mollica V. Calorimetric investigation of the interaction between lithium perfluorononanoate and poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers in water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:8001-9. [PMID: 16952234 DOI: 10.1021/la0609930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of lithium perfluorononanoate (LiPFN) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules of different molecular weights (300 < MW < 20000 Da) has been investigated in water at 298.15 and 308.15 K by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Density, viscosity, and conductivity measurements were also performed at 298.15 K. The aggregation process of this surfactant on the PEG polymeric chain was found to be very similar to that exhibited by cesium perfluorooctanoate (CsPFO) and appears to be consistent with the necklace model. ITC titrations indicated that a fully formed LiPFN micellar cluster can be wrapped by a PEG chain having a molecular weight (MW) of approximately 3200 Da, longer than that required by the shorter perfluorooctanoate (MW approximately 2600 Da), and also suggested a stepwise mechanism for the aggregation of successive micelles. Viscosity data indicate that the formation of polymer-surfactant complexes between PEG and LiPFN involves a conformational change of the polymer. The aggregation of preformed micelles of LiPFN or CsPFO or SDS on the PEG polymeric chain always gives rise to further stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gianni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Sagar GV, Rao PVR, Srikanth CS, Chary KVR. Dispersion and Reactivity of Copper Catalysts Supported on Al2O3−ZrO2. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:13881-8. [PMID: 16836337 DOI: 10.1021/jp0575153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of CuO/Al(2)O(3)-ZrO(2) catalysts with Cu loadings varying from 1.0 to 20 wt % were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of CO(2) and NH(3), electron spin resonance (ESR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements. The dispersion and metal area of copper were determined by the N(2)O decomposition method. XRD results suggest that the copper oxide is present in a highly dispersed amorphous state at copper loadings < 10 wt % and as a crystalline CuO phase at higher Cu loadings. ESR results suggest the presence of two types of copper species on the Al(2)O(3)-ZrO(2) support. TPR results suggest well-dispersed copper oxide species at low Cu loadings and crystalline copper oxide species at high Cu loadings. Well-dispersed copper oxide species were reduced more easily than large copper oxide species by H(2). The results of CO(2) TPD suggest that the basicity of the catalysts was found to increase with an increase of copper loading up to 5.0 wt % and decreases with a further increase of copper loading. The results of NH(3) TPD suggest that the acidity of the catalysts was found to decrease with an increase of copper loading up to 5.0 wt % and increases with a further increase of copper loading. The catalytic properties were evaluated for the vapor-phase dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone and correlated with the results of CO(2) TPD measurements and the dispersion of Cu on the Al(2)O(3)-ZrO(2) support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guggilla Vidya Sagar
- Catalysis Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500 007, India
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Chary KVR, Sagar GV, Naresh D, Seela KK, Sridhar B. Characterization and Reactivity of Copper Oxide Catalysts Supported on TiO2−ZrO2. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:9437-44. [PMID: 16852132 DOI: 10.1021/jp0500135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of copper catalysts supported on TiO2-ZrO2 with copper loading varying from 1.0 to 21.6 wt % were prepared by a wet impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electron spin resonance (ESR), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area measurements. Copper dispersion and metal area were determined by N2O decomposition by the passivation method. XRD results suggest that the copper oxide is present in a highly dispersed amorphous state at copper loadings <16.8 wt % in the sample and as a crystalline CuO phase at higher Cu loadings. Copper dispersion increases with Cu loading up to 5.1 wt % and levels off at higher loadings. The XPS peak intensity ratios of Cu 2p(3/2)/Ti 2p(3/2) and Cu 2p(3/2)/Zr 3d(5/2) were compared with the copper dispersion calculated from N2O decomposition. ESR results suggest the presence of two types of copper species on the TiO2-ZrO2 support. TPR profiles reveal the presence of highly dispersed copper oxide at lower temperatures and bulk CuO at higher temperatures. The catalytic properties were evaluated for the vapor-phase dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone and related to the dispersion of Cu on TiO2-ZrO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komandur V R Chary
- Catalysis Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Liu Z, Amiridis MD, Chen Y. Characterization of CuO Supported on Tetragonal ZrO2 Catalysts for N2O Decomposition to N2. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:1251-5. [PMID: 16851088 DOI: 10.1021/jp046368q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of tetragonal zirconia-supported CuO oxide catalysts with various CuO loadings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR), ultraviolet and visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV/vis-DRS), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) measurements. The results indicate that the dispersion capacity of copper oxide on this support is approximately 8.6 Cu(2+) ions/nm(2) ZrO(2). The state of the resulting supported copper species depends on the CuO loading. At CuO loadings below the dispersion capacity, only highly dispersed copper ion species are present on the surface of t-ZrO(2). In particular, isolated Cu ions are the predominant species at low loadings. In contrast, pair Cu ions become the most abundant species at loadings near the dispersion capacity. It has been proposed that these dispersed CuO (isolated and paired Cu ions) have a symmetric 5-fold-oxygen-coordination symmetry (C(3)(v) symmetry) and can be described as distorted octahedra with a missing corner or a trigonal bipyramids. Finally, at CuO loadings above the dispersion capacity the formation of crystalline CuO is observed. TPR results reveal that the dispersed Cu ion species have a different reducibility from CuO crystallites, presumably due to strong interactions between these species and the t-ZrO(2) support. The catalytic activity of these CuO/t-ZrO(2) catalysts for the decomposition of N(2)O can also be directly correlated to CuO dispersion, with paired Cu ions being the most active species for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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