1
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Baby A, John AM, Balakrishnan SP. Photoresponsive Carbon-Azobenzene Hybrids: A Promising Material for Energy Devices. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200676. [PMID: 36445807 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in renewable energy technology have been a hot topic in the field of photoresponsive materials for a sustainable community. Organic compounds that function as photoswitches is being researched and developed for use in a variety of energy storage systems. Azobenzene photoswitches can be used to store and release solar energy in solar thermal fuels. This review draws out the significance of azobenzene as photoswitches and its recent advances in solar thermal fuels. The recent developments of nano carbon templated azobenzene, their interactions and the effect of substituents are highlighted. The review also introduces their applications in solar thermal fuels and concludes with the challenges and future scope of the material. The advancements of solar thermal fuels with cost effective and desired optimal properties can be explored by scientists and engineers from different technological backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Baby
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 560029
| | - Athira Maria John
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 560029
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2
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Ramamurthy V, Sen P, Elles CG. Ultrafast Excited State Dynamics of Spatially Confined Organic Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4681-4699. [PMID: 35786917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Feature Article highlights the role of spatial confinement in controlling the fundamental behavior of molecules. Select examples illustrate the value of using space as a tool to control and understand excited-state dynamics through a combination of ultrafast spectroscopy and conventional steady-state methods. Molecules of interest were confined within a closed molecular capsule, derived from a cavitand known as octa acid (OA), whose internal void space is sufficient to accommodate molecules as long as tetracene and as wide as pyrene. The free space, i.e., the space that is left following the occupation of the guest within the host, is shown to play a significant role in altering the behavior of guest molecules in the excited state. The results reported here suggest that in addition to weak interactions that are commonly emphasized in supramolecular chemistry, the extent of empty space (i.e., the remaining void space within the capsule) is important in controlling the excited-state behavior of confined molecules on ultrafast time scales. For example, the role of free space in controlling the excited-state dynamics of guest molecules is highlighted by probing the cis-trans isomerization of stilbenes and azobenzenes within the OA capsule. Isomerization of both types of molecule are slowed when they are confined within a small space, with encapsulated azobenzenes taking a different reaction pathway compared to that in solution upon excitation to S2. In addition to steric constraints, confinement of reactive molecules in a small space helps to override the need for diffusion to bring the reactants together, thus enabling the measurement of processes that occur faster than the time scale for diffusion. The advantages of reducing free space and confining reactive molecules are illustrated by recording unprecedented excimer emission from anthracene and by measuring ultrafast electron transfer rates across the organic molecular wall. By monitoring the translational motion of anthracene pairs in a restricted space, it has been possible to document the pathway undertaken by excited anthracene from inception to the formation of the excimer on the excited-state surface. Similarly, ultrafast electron transfer experiments pursued here have established that the process is not hindered by a molecular wall. Apparently, the electron can cross the OA capsule wall provided the donor and acceptor are in close proximity. Measurements on the ultrafast time scale provide crucial insights for each of the examples presented here, emphasizing the value of both "space" and "time" in controlling and understanding the dynamics of excited molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pratik Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP 208 016, India
| | - Christopher G Elles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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3
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Casimiro L, Andreoni L, Groppi J, Credi A, Métivier R, Silvi S. 4,4'-Dimethylazobenzene as a chemical actinometer. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:825-833. [PMID: 35034332 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical actinometers are a useful tool in photochemistry, which allows to measure the photon flux of a light source to carry out quantitative analysis on photoreactions. The most commonly employed actinometers so far show minor drawbacks, such as difficult data treatment, parasite reactions, low stability or impossible reset. We propose herewith the use of 4,4'-dimethylazobenzene as a chemical actinometer. This compound undergoes a clean and efficient E/Z isomerization, approaching total conversion upon irradiation at 365 nm. Thanks to its properties, it can be used to determine the photon flux in the UV-visible region, with simple experimental methods and data treatment, and with the possibility to be reused after photochemical or thermal reset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Casimiro
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM-UMR 8531, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Leonardo Andreoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures, Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Groppi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures, Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures, Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rémi Métivier
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM-UMR 8531, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Serena Silvi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy. .,CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures, Istituto ISOF-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy.
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4
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Gil ES, Granucci G, Persico M. Surface Hopping Dynamics with the Frenkel Exciton Model in a Semiempirical Framework. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7373-7383. [PMID: 34843643 PMCID: PMC8675141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present an implementation
of the Frenkel exciton model in the
framework of the semiempirical floating occupation molecular orbitals-configuration
interaction (FOMO-CI) electronic structure method, aimed at simulating
the dynamics of multichromophoric systems, in which excitation energy
transfer can occur, by a very efficient approach. The nonadiabatic
molecular dynamics is here dealt with by the surface hopping method,
but the implementation we proposed is compatible with other dynamical
approaches. The exciton coupling is computed either exactly, within
the semiempirical approximation considered, or by resorting to transition
atomic charges. The validation of our implementation is carried out
on the trans-azobenzeno-2S-phane (2S-TTABP), formed
by two azobenzene units held together by sulfur bridges, taken as
a minimal model of multichromophoric systems, in which both strong
and weak exciton couplings are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Sangiogo Gil
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Granucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Persico
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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5
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Chettri A, Kruse JH, Kumar Jha K, Dröge L, Romanenko I, Neumann C, Kupfer S, Turchanin A, Rau S, Schacher FH, Dietzek B. A Molecular Photosensitizer in a Porous Block Copolymer Matrix-Implications for the Design of Photocatalytically Active Membranes. Chemistry 2021; 27:17049-17058. [PMID: 34636457 PMCID: PMC9291506 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, porous photocatalytically active block copolymer membranes were introduced, based on heterogenized molecular catalysts. Here, we report the integration of the photosensitizer, i. e., the light absorbing unit in an intermolecular photocatalytic system into block copolymer membranes in a covalent manner. We study the resulting structure and evaluate the orientational mobility of the photosensitizer as integral part of the photocatalytic system in such membranes. To this end we utilize transient absorption anisotropy, highlighting the temporal reorientation of the transition dipole moment probed in a femtosecond pump‐probe experiment. Our findings indicate that the photosensitizer is rigidly bound to the polymer membrane and shows a large heterogeneity of absolute anisotropy values as a function of location probed within the matrix. This reflects the sample inhomogeneity arising from different protonation states of the photosensitizer and different intermolecular interactions of the photosensitizers within the block copolymer membrane scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Chettri
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Kruse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Keshav Kumar Jha
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lara Dröge
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Iuliia Romanenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) e.V., Albert Einstein Straße 9, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
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6
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Rashidnejad H, Ramezanitaghartapeh M, Pesyan NN, Mahon PJ, Raposo M, Coelho PJ, Lup ANK, Soltani A. A comprehensive spectroscopic, solvatochromic and photochemical analysis of 5-hydroxyquinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline mono-azo dyes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Paul S, Govind C, Karunakaran V. Planarity and Length of the Bridge Control Rate and Efficiency of Intramolecular Singlet Fission in Pentacene Dimers. J Phys Chem B 2020; 125:231-239. [PMID: 33371685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) improves the power conversion efficiency of optoelectronic devices by converting high-energy photons into two triplet excitons. SF dynamics and efficiency (Φ) are controlled by various factors. Here, the effect of planarity and length of the bridge in pentacene dimers on the intramolecular SF (iSF) process was investigated by synthesizing the dimers connected by bridges having fluorene (FL-PD, planar), methyl-substituted biphenyl (MBP-PD, twisted), and diphenyl acetylene (DPA-PD, longer) groups and characterizing their excited-state relaxation dynamics using nanosecond and femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. Transient absorption studies reveal that iSF dynamics of FL-PD having a planar bridge are ∼787 times faster (187 ps) and exhibit higher Φ (198%) by feasible electronic coupling, compared to MBP-PD possessing a twisted bridge showing a low Φ of ∼16%. However compared to FL-PD, iSF dynamics of DPA-PD with an increase of bridge length are slower by an order (1.09 ns) and show comparable Φ of 185% through extended conjugation. Thus, the planarity and length of the bridge in pentacene dimers control the rate and efficiency of the iSF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitha Paul
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Chinju Govind
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Venugopal Karunakaran
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
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8
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Otolski CJ, Raj AM, Ramamurthy V, Elles CG. Spatial confinement alters the ultrafast photoisomerization dynamics of azobenzenes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9513-9523. [PMID: 34094217 PMCID: PMC8162038 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03955a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy reveals new excited-state dynamics following excitation of trans-azobenzene (t-Az) and several alkyl-substituted t-Az derivatives encapsulated in a water-soluble supramolecular host-guest complex. Encapsulation increases the excited-state lifetimes and alters the yields of the trans → cis photoisomerization reaction compared with solution. Kinetic modeling of the transient spectra for unsubstituted t-Az following nπ* and ππ* excitation reveals steric trapping of excited-state species, as well as an adiabatic excited-state trans → cis isomerization pathway for confined molecules that is not observed in solution. Analysis of the transient spectra following ππ* excitation for a series of 4-alkyl and 4,4'-dialkyl substituted t-Az molecules suggests that additional crowding due to lengthening of the alkyl tails results in deeper trapping of the excited-state species, including distorted trans and cis structures. The variation of the dynamics due to crowding in the confined environment provides new evidence to explain the violation of Kasha's rule for nπ* and ππ* excitation of azobenzenes based on competition between in-plane inversion and out-of-plane rotation channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Mohan Raj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
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9
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Dong L, Feng Y, Wang L, Feng W. Azobenzene-based solar thermal fuels: design, properties, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7339-7368. [PMID: 30168543 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of renewable energy technologies has been a significant area of research amongst scientists with the aim of attaining a sustainable world society. Solar thermal fuels that can capture, convert, store, and release solar energy in the form of heat through reversible photoisomerization of molecular photoswitches such as azobenzene derivatives are currently in the limelight of research. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art account on the recent advancements in solar thermal fuels based on azobenzene photoswitches. We begin with an overview on the importance of azobenzene-based solar thermal fuels and their fundamentals. Then, we highlight the recent advances in diverse azobenzene materials for solar thermal fuels such as pure azobenzene derivatives, nanocarbon-templated azobenzene, and polymer-templated azobenzene. The basic design concepts of these advanced solar energy storage materials are discussed, and their promising applications are highlighted. We then introduce the recent endeavors in the molecular design of azobenzene derivatives toward efficient solar thermal fuels, and conclude with new perspectives on the future scope, opportunities and challenges. It is expected that continuous pioneering research involving scientists and engineers from diverse technological backgrounds could trigger the rapid advancement of this important interdisciplinary field, which embraces chemistry, physics, engineering, nanoscience, nanotechnology, materials science, polymer science, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqi Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
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10
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Geng WC, Sun H, Guo DS. Macrocycles containing azo groups: recognition, assembly and application. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-018-0819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Čechová L, Kind J, Dračínský M, Filo J, Janeba Z, Thiele CM, Cigáň M, Procházková E. Photoswitching Behavior of 5-Phenylazopyrimidines: In Situ Irradiation NMR and Optical Spectroscopy Combined with Theoretical Methods. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5986-5998. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Čechová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Jonas Kind
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 16, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Filo
- Institute of Chemistry, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava 84215, Slovakia
| | - Zlatko Janeba
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Christina M. Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 16, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Institute of Chemistry, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava 84215, Slovakia
| | - Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
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12
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Marturano V, Ambrogi V, Bandeira NAG, Tylkowski B, Giamberini M, Cerruti P. Modeling of Azobenzene-Based Compounds. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAzobenzene is by far the most studied photochromic molecule and its applications range from optical storage to bio-engineering. To exploit the great potential of azobenzene, one must achieve deep understanding of its photochemistry as single molecule in solution AS WELL AS in-chain moiety and pendent group in macromolecular structures. With the advent of computer-aided simulation scientists have been able to match experimental data with computational models. In this chapter, a review on the modeling of azobenzene-containing molecules in different conditions and environments IS provided with a special focus on advanced applications of photo-controllable materials, such as molecular machines and photoactivation of bio-molecules.
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13
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Mohan Raj A, Ramamurthy V. Volume Conserving Geometric Isomerization of Encapsulated Azobenzenes in Ground and Excited States and as Radical Ion. Org Lett 2017; 19:6116-6119. [PMID: 29083193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To probe the role of the supramolecular steric effects and free volume on photoreactions, geometric isomerization of neutral azobenzenes (ABs) and their radical ions, generated by electron transfer with gold nanoparticles, included within an octa acid capsule, was investigated. A comparison of the isomerization of ABs that proceed by volume conserving pyramidalization and stilbene analogues that proceed by volume demanding one bond flip has indicated the differing influence of 4-alkyl groups on these two processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohan Raj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , Coral Gables, Florida 33124, United States
| | - V Ramamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , Coral Gables, Florida 33124, United States
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14
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Alarcos N, Cohen B, Ziółek M, Douhal A. Photochemistry and Photophysics in Silica-Based Materials: Ultrafast and Single Molecule Spectroscopy Observation. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13639-13720. [PMID: 29068670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silica-based materials (SBMs) are widely used in catalysis, photonics, and drug delivery. Their pores and cavities act as hosts of diverse guests ranging from classical dyes to drugs and quantum dots, allowing changes in the photochemical behavior of the confined guests. The heterogeneity of the guest populations as well as the confinement provided by these hosts affect the behavior of the formed hybrid materials. As a consequence, the observed reaction dynamics becomes significantly different and complex. Studying their photobehavior requires advanced laser-based spectroscopy and microscopy techniques as well as computational methods. Thanks to the development of ultrafast (spectroscopy and imaging) tools, we are witnessing an increasing interest of the scientific community to explore the intimate photobehavior of these composites. Here, we review the recent theoretical and ultrafast experimental studies of their photodynamics and discuss the results in comparison to those in homogeneous media. The discussion of the confined dynamics includes solvation and intra- and intermolecular proton-, electron-, and energy transfer events of the guest within the SBMs. Several examples of applications in photocatalysis, (photo)sensors, photonics, photovoltaics, and drug delivery demonstrate the vast potential of the SBMs in modern science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Alarcos
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Boiko Cohen
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marcin Ziółek
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Abderrazzak Douhal
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III, S.N., 45071 Toledo, Spain
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15
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Grebenkin S, Meshalkin AB. Wavelength Dependence of the Reorientation Efficiency of Azo Dyes in Polymer Matrixes. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8377-8384. [PMID: 28783332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b03171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation with linearly polarized light of azobenzene-containing polymeric matrixes causes reorientation of azobenzene molecules. In this study, the optical light-induced anisotropy of amorphous poly(alkyl methacrylates) doped with an azo compound was measured at different temperatures and at two irradiation wavelengths. To describe a decrease in the efficiency of anisotropy formation with temperature, a model of molecule reorientation is suggested which includes the probability of molecule reorientation per one isomerization as a basic parameter. The probability of molecule reorientation was found to depend on irradiation wavelength. Comparing the anisotropy time profiles at different irradiation wavelengths, we concluded that, upon each photon absorption, the molecule most likely makes an attempt to reorient even without isomerization, i.e., the reorientation occurs by a mechanism predicted by Persico and co-workers in their theoretical works. Also, we infer that the reorientation is facilitated by the photon energy absorbed by a molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Grebenkin
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Arkadiy B Meshalkin
- Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics , Lavrentieva, 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
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16
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Grebenkin S, Syutkin V, Baranov DS. Mutual orientation of the n → π * and π → π * transition dipole moments in azo compounds: Determination by light-induced optical anisotropy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Grimmelsmann L, Marefat Khah A, Spies C, Hättig C, Nuernberger P. Ultrafast Dynamics of a Triazene: Excited-State Pathways and the Impact of Binding to the Minor Groove of DNA and Further Biomolecular Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1986-1992. [PMID: 28426228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many synthetic DNA minor groove binders exhibit a strong increase in fluorescence when bound to DNA. The pharmaceutical-relevant berenil (diminazene aceturate) is an exception with an extremely low fluorescence quantum yield (on the order of 10-4). We investigate the ultrafast excited-state dynamics of this triazene by femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence experiments in water, ethylene glycol, and buffer and bound to the enzyme β-trypsin, the minor groove of AT-rich DNA, and G-quadruplex DNA. Ab initio calculations provide additional mechanistic insight. The complementing studies unveil that the excited-state motion initiated by ππ* excitation occurs in two phases: a subpicosecond phase associated with the lengthening of the central N═N double bond, followed by a bicycle-pedal-type motion of the triazene bridge, which is almost volume-conserving and can proceed efficiently within only a few picoseconds even under spatially confined conditions. Our results elucidate the excited-state relaxation mechanism of aromatic triazenes and explain the modest sensitivity of the fluorescence quantum yield of berenil even when it is bound to various biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Grimmelsmann
- Physikalische Chemie II and ‡Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alireza Marefat Khah
- Physikalische Chemie II and ‡Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Spies
- Physikalische Chemie II and ‡Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christof Hättig
- Physikalische Chemie II and ‡Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Patrick Nuernberger
- Physikalische Chemie II and ‡Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44780 Bochum, Germany
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18
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Zhou Q, Fursule I, Berron BJ, Beck MJ. Toward Spatiotemporally Controlled Synthesis of Photoresponsive Polymers: Computational Design of Azobenzene-Containing Monomers for Light-Mediated ROMP. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7101-11. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunfei Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and ‡Center for Computational
Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Ishan Fursule
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and ‡Center for Computational
Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and ‡Center for Computational
Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Matthew J. Beck
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and ‡Center for Computational
Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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19
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Dang LL, Zhang XJ, Zhang L, Li JQ, Luo F, Feng XF. Photo-responsive azo MOF exhibiting high selectivity for CO2 and xylene isomers. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1166359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Long Dang
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Li
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Luo
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Feng
- College of Biology, Chemistry and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, China
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20
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Bartosz T, Nuno AB, Krzysztof AB, Marta G. Smart microcapsules based on photo-isomerizable moieties. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2015-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Gao W, Yu L, Zheng X, Lei Y, Zhu C, Han H. Chiral conversion and periodical decay in bridged-azobenzene photoisomerization: an ab initio on-the-fly nonadiabatic dynamics simulation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
On-the-fly trajectory surface hopping dynamics simulations on the cis ↔ trans photoisomerization mechanisms of bridged-azobenzene upon S1 excitation at the CASSCF level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Gao
- School of Physics
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
| | - Xiaolei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
| | - Yibo Lei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
| | - Chaoyuan Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Center for Interdisciplinary Molecular Science
- National Chiao-Tung University
- Hsinchu 300
- Taiwan
| | - Huixian Han
- School of Physics
- Northwest University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
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22
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Yun JH, Li C, Chung H, Choi J, Cho M. Photo deformation in azobenzene liquid-crystal network: Multiscale model prediction and its validation. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Predicting photoisomerization profile of the highly polymerized nematic azobenzene liquid crystal network: First principle calculation. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Guo JJ, Wang SR, Li XG, Zhang F, Xiao Y, Teng C. The Synthesis, Characterisation, Photophysical and Thermal Properties, and Photovoltaic Performance of 7-Coumarinoxy-4-Methyltetrasubstituted Metallophthalocyanines. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterisation, photophysical and thermal properties of 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis(7-coumarinoxy-4-methyl)-phthalocyaninatozinc(ii) (ZnPc-Coumarin) and 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis(7-coumarinoxy-4-methyl)-phthalocyaninatocobalt(ii) (CoPc-Coumarin) are reported. The ground state absorbance of ZnPc-Coumarin shows molar extinction coefficients as high as 1.80 × 105 dm3 mol–1 cm–1. The fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence quantum yields of compounds ZnPc-Coumarin and CoPc-Coumarin are also investigated. The photoluminescence decay of the two transition-metal complexes in DMF solution, in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and on TiO2 films has been studied with time-resolved emission. This study shows that the electron transfer from the dye to TiO2 is through space. The thermal stability studies indicate that both of the two complexes are stable up to 390°C. The ZnPc-Coumarin achieved a higher overall conversion efficiency than the reported SnPcCl2-Coumarin, InPcCl-Coumarin, and RuPcCl-Coumarin because of its slower charge recombination rate and faster electron injection from the dye to the conduction band of the conducting glass.
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25
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Hsu HY, Wang CY, Fathi A, Shiu JW, Chung CC, Shen PS, Guo TF, Chen P, Lee YP, Diau EWG. Femtosecond Excitonic Relaxation Dynamics of Perovskite on Mesoporous Films of Al2O3and NiO Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9339-42. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Hsu HY, Wang CY, Fathi A, Shiu JW, Chung CC, Shen PS, Guo TF, Chen P, Lee YP, Diau EWG. Femtosecond Excitonic Relaxation Dynamics of Perovskite on Mesoporous Films of Al2O3and NiO Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Bahrenburg J, Renth F, Temps F, Plamper F, Richtering W. Femtosecond spectroscopy reveals huge differences in the photoisomerisation dynamics between azobenzenes linked to polymers and azobenzenes in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11549-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Nachtigall O, Lomoth R, Dahlstrand C, Lundstedt A, Gogoll A, Webb MJ, Grennberg H. Pyrene-Azobenzene Dyads and Their Photochemistry. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Yu Z, Weidner S, Risse T, Hecht S. The role of statistics and microenvironment for the photoresponse in multi-switch architectures: The case of photoswitchable oligoazobenzene foldamers. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51664d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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30
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Kjær KS, van Driel TB, Kehres J, Haldrup K, Khakhulin D, Bechgaard K, Cammarata M, Wulff M, Sørensen TJ, Nielsen MM. Introducing a standard method for experimental determination of the solvent response in laser pump, X-ray probe time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments on systems in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15003-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50751c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Feng W, Luo W, Feng Y. Photo-responsive carbon nanomaterials functionalized by azobenzene moieties: structures, properties and application. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6118-34. [PMID: 22915068 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31505j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tune the microstructures, bandgap, conductance, chemical environment and thermal storage of carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and fullerenes by optical modulation or response is important to design and fabricate advanced optoelectronic nanodevices. This review is focused on optical control and regulation of structures, properties, interface and interaction of a new generation of photo-responsive carbon nanomaterials/azobenzene moieties (Carbon-AZO) hybrids. The optical switching properties of Carbon-AZO hybrids resulting from the photo-isomerization between trans and cis isomers are highlighted and discussed in terms of photo-energy conversion devices including switches, sensors, detectors, fuels and storage. A wide range of advanced energy conversion devices using Carbon-AZO hybrids can be developed in the future by the optimization of the chemical structure, steric conformation, electrostatic environment and functionalization of specific molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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32
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Lin TY, Chaudhari A, Lee SL. Correlation between substituent constants and hyperpolarizabilities for di-substituted trans-azobenzenes. J Mol Model 2012; 19:529-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Ducrot A, Verwilst P, Scarpantonio L, Goudet S, Kauffmann B, Denisov S, Jonusauskas G, McClenaghan ND. Photolariats: synthesis, metal ion complexation and photochromism. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2012.678851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Ducrot
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Peter Verwilst
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Luca Scarpantonio
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Sébastien Goudet
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- b Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, University of Bordeaux , 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac , 33607 , France
| | - Sergey Denisov
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
- c Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- c Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
| | - Nathan D. McClenaghan
- a Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, University of Bordeaux/CNRS , 351 crs de la Libération, Talence , 33405 , France
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34
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Ultrafast cis-to-trans photoisomerization of a bridged azobenzene through nπ∗ excitation: Rotational pathway is not restricted. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Cusati T, Granucci G, Martínez-Núñez E, Martini F, Persico M, Vázquez S. Semiempirical Hamiltonian for simulation of azobenzene photochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2011; 116:98-110. [PMID: 22107348 DOI: 10.1021/jp208574q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a semiempirical Hamiltonian that provides an accurate description of the first singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces of azobenzene for use in direct simulations of the excited-state dynamics. The parameterization made use of spectroscopic and thermochemical data and the best ab initio results available to date. Two-dimensional potential energy surfaces based on constrained geometry optimizations are presented for the states that are most relevant for the photochemistry of azobenzene, namely, S(0), S(1), and S(2). In order to run simulations of the photodynamics of azobenzene in hydrocarbons or hydroxylic solvents, we determined the interactions of methane and methanol with the azo group by ab initio calculations and fitted the interactions with a QM/MM interaction Hamiltonian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cusati
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, v. Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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36
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Abstract
Azobenzene undergoes trans→cis isomerization when irradiated with light tuned to an appropriate wavelength. The reverse cis→trans isomerization can be driven by light or occurs thermally in the dark. Azobenzene's photochromatic properties make it an ideal component of numerous molecular devices and functional materials. Despite the abundance of application-driven research, azobenzene photochemistry and the isomerization mechanism remain topics of investigation. Additional substituents on the azobenzene ring system change the spectroscopic properties and isomerization mechanism. This critical review details the studies completed to date on the 3 main classes of azobenzene derivatives. Understanding the differences in photochemistry, which originate from substitution, is imperative in exploiting azobenzene in the desired applications.
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37
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38
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Cusati T, Granucci G, Persico M. Photodynamics and Time-Resolved Fluorescence of Azobenzene in Solution: A Mixed Quantum-Classical Simulation. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:5109-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1113529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cusati
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, v. Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Granucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, v. Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Persico
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, v. Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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39
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Reuter R, Wegner HA. Oligoazobenzenophanes—synthesis, photochemistry and properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:12267-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Lin JM, Chen WB, Lin XM, Lin AH, Ma CY, Dong W, Tian CE. Syntheses, structures and multi-photoluminescence images with confocal microscopy for three 5,5′-azotetrazolate(AZT) based Zn(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2402-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03720f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Siewertsen R, Schönborn JB, Hartke B, Renth F, Temps F. Superior Z → E and E → Z photoswitching dynamics of dihydrodibenzodiazocine, a bridged azobenzene, by S1(nπ*) excitation at λ = 387 and 490 nm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:1054-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01148g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Garcia-Fernandez P, Liu Y, Bersuker IB, Boggs JE. Pseudo Jahn–Teller origin of cis–trans and other conformational changes. The role of double bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:3502-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00900h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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43
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Jiang CW, Xie RH, Li FL, Allen RE. Comparative Studies of the trans−cis Photoisomerizations of Azobenzene and a Bridged Azobenzene. J Phys Chem A 2010; 115:244-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp107991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Jiang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States, and Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rui-Hua Xie
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States, and Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States, and Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Roland E. Allen
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, and Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States, and Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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44
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Norikane Y, Hirai Y, Yoshida M. Photoinduced isothermal phase transitions of liquid-crystalline macrocyclic azobenzenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:1770-2. [PMID: 21125115 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04052e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-crystalline macrocyclic compounds, tethered by two or three azobenzenes bearing alkoxy side chains, exhibit isothermal phase transitions from liquid-crystal to isotropic as well as from crystal to isotropic phases upon light irradiation due to the drastic conformational change of their macrocyclic backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Norikane
- Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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45
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Umapathy S, Mallick B, Lakshmanna A. Mode-dependent dispersion in Raman line shapes: Observation and implications from ultrafast Raman loss spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:024505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3464332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Asaka T, Akai N, Kawai A, Shibuya K. Photochromism of 3-butyl-1-methyl-2-phenylazoimidazolium in room temperature ionic liquids. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Reuter R, Hostettler N, Neuburger M, Wegner HA. Synthesis and Property Studies of Cyclotrisazobenzenes. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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48
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Wang L, Yi C, Zou H, Xu J, Xu W. Theoretical study on the isomerization mechanisms of phenylazopyridine on S0and S1states. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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49
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Amatatsu Y. Potential Energy Surfaces for the S1−S0 Relaxation of trans-Diphenyldiphosphene in the P═P Rotation-Restricted Condition. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:9667-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Amatatsu
- Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, Tegata Gakuen-cho, Akita 010-8502, Japan
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50
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Confinement effect of nanocages and nanotubes of mesoporous materials on the keto forms photodynamics of Sudan I. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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