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Castro PJ, Kellö V, Cernušák I, Dibble TS. Together, Not Separately, OH and O 3 Oxidize Hg (0) to Hg (II) in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8266-8279. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Castro
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York13210, United States
| | - Vladimir Kellö
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Cernušák
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 84215Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Theodore S. Dibble
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York13210, United States
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2
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Sunaga A, Saue T. Towards highly accurate calculations of parity violation in chiral molecules: relativistic coupled-cluster theory including QED-effects. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1974592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaki Sunaga
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Trond Saue
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantique, UMR 5626 CNRS–Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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3
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Amin S, Asif T, Khan M, Usinowicz E, Mitra D, Asaduzzaman A. Structural, energetic and vibrational properties of oxidized mercury in the gas and aqueous phases. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Senior C, Granite E, Linak W, Seames W. Chemistry of Trace Inorganic Elements in Coal Combustion Systems: A Century of Discovery. ENERGY & FUELS : AN AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 2020; 34:15141-15168. [PMID: 33867660 PMCID: PMC8048144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coal fueled the Industrial Revolution and the global expansion of electrification in the 20th century. In the 21st century, coal use has declined in North America and Europe, but continues to increase in Asia. Coal contains many of the elements of the Periodic Table, in percent-levels or in trace amounts (ppm, ppb). The impact of many of these elements on the environment via air and water discharges from coal-fired plants has been studied with decades of research on their chemical transformations within combustion systems and on their fates upon reintroduction into the environment. The transformations of the trace elements present in coal burned during combustion can be categorized as thermal volatilizations from the coal in the furnace; thermal decomposition of trace element compounds inside the coal; encapsulation inside ash structures through high-temperature vitrification; oxidation of the trace elements with the myriad species contained in flue gas through gas phase (homogeneous) reactions or catalytic (gas-solid) reactions; adsorption and/or reactions with active sites on entrained fly ash particulates contained in the flue gas; and absorption into solutions. These transformations can, in many cases, impact the fraction of these trace elements that are removed by various pollution control devices compared to the fraction released into the environment. The sampling and measurement of trace elements, in the inlet coal, outlet flue gas, aqueous scrubber solutions, and ash matrices, represents a significant challenge. This review focuses on the behavior of trace elements in industrial coal combustion systems with an emphasis on what has been learned over the past century uniquely related to the use of coal in boilers for electricity and heat production. Key accomplishments in measurement, modeling and control of trace element emissions in coal-fired systems are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Senior
- National Institute of Clean and Low-carbon Energy, Beijing, China
| | - Evan Granite
- U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Linak
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wayne Seames
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
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5
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Theoretical electronic structure and rovibrational calculations with spin-orbit effect of the HgCl low-lying electronic states. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Guzman FJ, Bozzelli J. Thermodynamics of OHgX, XHgOH, XHgOCl, XHgOBr, and HOHgY Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Molecules from Isodesmic, Isogyric, and Atomization Work Reactions (X = Halogen, Y = OH, OCl, OBr). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4452-4464. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Lam KT, Wilhelmsen CJ, Schwid AC, Jiao Y, Dibble TS. Computational Study on the Photolysis of BrHgONO and the Reactions of BrHgO• with CH4, C2H6, NO, and NO2: Implications for Formation of Hg(II) Compounds in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1637-1647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khoa T. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Curtis J. Wilhelmsen
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Abraham C. Schwid
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Yuge Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Theodore S. Dibble
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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8
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Kesharwani MK, Manna D, Sylvetsky N, Martin JML. The X40×10 Halogen Bonding Benchmark Revisited: Surprising Importance of (n–1)d Subvalence Correlation. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2184-2197. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K. Kesharwani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Reḥovot, Israel
| | - Debashree Manna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Reḥovot, Israel
| | - Nitai Sylvetsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Reḥovot, Israel
| | - Jan M. L. Martin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Reḥovot, Israel
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9
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Jiao Y, Dibble TS. First kinetic study of the atmospherically important reactions BrHg˙ + NO 2 and BrHg˙ + HOO. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:1826-1838. [PMID: 28000816 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06276h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We use computational chemistry to determine the rate constants and product yields for the reactions of BrHg˙ with the atmospherically abundant radicals NO2 and HOO. The reactants, products, and well-defined transition states are characterized using CCSD(T) with large basis sets. The potential energy profiles for the barrierless addition of HOO and NO2 to BrHg˙ are characterized using CASPT2 and RHF-CCSDT, and the rate constants are computed as a function of temperature and pressure using variational transition state theory and master equation simulations. The calculated rate constant for the addition of NO2 to BrHg˙ is larger than that for the addition of HOO by a factor of up to two under atmospheric conditions. For the reaction of HOO with BrHg˙ the addition reaction entirely dominates competing HOO + BrHg˙ reaction channels. The addition of NO2 to BrHg˙ initially produces both BrHgNO2 and BrHgONO, but after a few seconds under atmospheric conditions the sole product is syn-BrHgONO. A previously unsuspected reaction channel for BrHg˙ + NO2 competes with the addition to yield Hg + BrNO2. This reaction reduces the mercury oxidation state in BrHg˙ from Hg(i) to Hg(0) and slows the atmospheric oxidation of Hg(0). While the rate constant for this reduction channel is not well-constrained by the present calculations, it may be as much as 18% as large as the oxidation channel under some atmospheric conditions. As no experimental kinetic or product yield data are available for the reactions studied here, this work will provide guidance for atmospheric modelers and experimental kineticists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
| | - Theodore S Dibble
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
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10
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Jiao Y, Dibble TS. Structures, Vibrational Frequencies, and Bond Energies of the BrHgOX and BrHgXO Species Formed in Atmospheric Mercury Depletion Events. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7976-7985. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b06829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Theodore S. Dibble
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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11
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Solomonik VG, Smirnov AN. Toward Chemical Accuracy in ab Initio Thermochemistry and Spectroscopy of Lanthanide Compounds: Assessing Core–Valence Correlation, Second-Order Spin–Orbit Coupling, and Higher Order Effects in Lanthanide Diatomics. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:5240-5254. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Solomonik
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo 153000, Russia
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12
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Solomonik VG, Smirnov AN, Navarkin IS. Composite vibrational spectroscopy of the group 12 difluorides: ZnF2, CdF2, and HgF2. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:144307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4945449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Solomonik
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo 153000, Russia
| | | | - Ilya S. Navarkin
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo 153000, Russia
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13
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Jiao Y, Dibble TS. Quality Structures, Vibrational Frequencies, and Thermochemistry of the Products of Reaction of BrHg• with NO2, HO2, ClO, BrO, and IO. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:10502-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Jiao
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Theodore S. Dibble
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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14
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Ariya PA, Amyot M, Dastoor A, Deeds D, Feinberg A, Kos G, Poulain A, Ryjkov A, Semeniuk K, Subir M, Toyota K. Mercury Physicochemical and Biogeochemical Transformation in the Atmosphere and at Atmospheric Interfaces: A Review and Future Directions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3760-802. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Amyot
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, 90
avenue Vincent-d’Indy, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3C 3J7
| | - Ashu Dastoor
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | | | | | | | - Alexandre Poulain
- Department
of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Andrei Ryjkov
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | - Kirill Semeniuk
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | - M. Subir
- Department
of Chemistry, Ball State University, 2000 West University Avenue, Muncie, Indiana 47306, United States
| | - Kenjiro Toyota
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3H 5T4
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15
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Steffen A, Lehnherr I, Cole A, Ariya P, Dastoor A, Durnford D, Kirk J, Pilote M. Atmospheric mercury in the Canadian Arctic. Part I: a review of recent field measurements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 509-510:3-15. [PMID: 25497576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Long-range atmospheric transport and deposition are important sources of mercury (Hg) to Arctic aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We review here recent progress made in the study of the transport, transformation, deposition and reemission of atmospheric Hg in the Canadian Arctic, focusing on field measurements (see Dastoor et al., this issue for a review of modeling studies on the same topics). Redox processes control the speciation of atmospheric Hg, and thus impart an important influence on Hg deposition, particularly during atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs). Bromine radicals were identified as the primary oxidant of atmospheric Hg during AMDEs. Since the start of monitoring at Alert (NU) in 1995, the timing of peak AMDE occurrence has shifted to earlier times in the spring (from May to April) in recent years, and while AMDE frequency and GEM concentrations are correlated with local meteorological conditions, the reasons for this timing-shift are not understood. Mercury is subject to various post-depositional processes in snowpacks and a large portion of deposited oxidized Hg can be reemitted following photoreduction; how much Hg is deposited and reemitted depends on geographical location, meteorological, vegetative and sea-ice conditions, as well as snow chemistry. Halide anions in the snow can stabilize Hg, therefore it is expected that a smaller fraction of deposited Hg will be reemitted from coastal snowpacks. Atmospheric gaseous Hg concentrations have decreased in some parts of the Arctic (e.g., Alert) from 2000 to 2009 but at a rate that was less than that at lower latitudes. Despite numerous recent advances, a number of knowledge gaps remain, including uncertainties in the identification of oxidized Hg species in the air (and how this relates to dry vs. wet deposition), physical-chemical processes in air, snow and water-especially over sea ice-and the relationship between these processes and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Steffen
- Environment Canada, Air Quality Processes Research, Toronto M3H 5T4, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Igor Lehnherr
- University of Waterloo, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Cole
- Environment Canada, Air Quality Processes Research, Toronto M3H 5T4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Parisa Ariya
- McGill University, Department of Chemistry, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal H3A 2K6, Quebec, Canada; McGill University, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal H3A 2K6, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ashu Dastoor
- Environment Canada, National Prediction Development Division, Dorval H9P 1J3, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dorothy Durnford
- Environment Canada, National Prediction Development Division, Dorval H9P 1J3, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jane Kirk
- Environment Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Burlington L7R 4A6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Pilote
- Environment Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Montreal H2Y 2E7, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Auzmendi-Murua I, Castillo Á, Bozzelli JW. Mercury Oxidation via Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine under Atmospheric Conditions: Thermochemistry and Kinetics. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2959-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp412654s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Itsaso Auzmendi-Murua
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Álvaro Castillo
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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17
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Cremer D, Zou W, Filatov M. Dirac‐exact relativistic methods: the normalized elimination of the small component method. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Cremer
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of ChemistrySouthern Methodist UniversityDallasTXUSA
| | - Wenli Zou
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of ChemistrySouthern Methodist UniversityDallasTXUSA
| | - Michael Filatov
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of ChemistrySouthern Methodist UniversityDallasTXUSA
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18
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Cantrel L, Louis F, Cousin F. Advances in mechanistic understanding of iodine behaviour in PHEBUS-FP tests with the help of ab initio calculations. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2013.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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A theoretical study of H- and I-abstraction reactions from CH3I molecule by I (2P3/2) atom and IO radical. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Lu JP, Tan FW, Tang Q, Jiang TC. Novel method for indirect determination of iodine in marine products by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Chem Res Chin Univ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-013-2171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Xerri B, Canneaux S, Louis F, Trincal J, Cousin F, Badawi M, Cantrel L. Ab initio calculations and iodine kinetic modeling in the reactor coolant system of a pressurized water reactor in case of severe nuclear accident. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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23
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Chemical accuracy in ab initio thermochemistry and spectroscopy: current strategies and future challenges. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-011-1079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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24
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Zou W, Filatov M, Cremer D. Development and application of the analytical energy gradient for the normalized elimination of the small component method. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:244117. [PMID: 21721622 DOI: 10.1063/1.3603454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The analytical energy gradient of the normalized elimination of the small component (NESC) method is derived for the first time and implemented for the routine calculation of NESC geometries and other first order molecular properties. Essential for the derivation is the correct calculation of the transformation matrix U relating the small component to the pseudolarge component of the wavefunction. The exact form of ∂U/∂λ is derived and its contribution to the analytical energy gradient is investigated. The influence of a finite nucleus model and that of the picture change is determined. Different ways of speeding up the calculation of the NESC gradient are tested. It is shown that first order properties can routinely be calculated in combination with Hartree-Fock, density functional theory (DFT), coupled cluster theory, or any electron correlation corrected quantum chemical method, provided the NESC Hamiltonian is determined in an efficient, but nevertheless accurate way. The general applicability of the analytical NESC gradient is demonstrated by benchmark calculations for NESC/CCSD (coupled cluster with all single and double excitation) and NESC/DFT involving up to 800 basis functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, USA
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25
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Zou W, Filatov M, Cremer D. An improved algorithm for the normalized elimination of the small-component method. Theor Chem Acc 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-011-1007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Qu Z, Yan N, Liu P, Jia J, Yang S. The role of iodine monochloride for the oxidation of elemental mercury. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 183:132-137. [PMID: 20674159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The removal of Hg(0) by the homogenous gas-phase reaction and particle-induced reaction was investigated under various conditions. Iodine monochloride was found to be efficient for Hg(0) oxidation, with the apparent 2nd-order rate constant of about 10.5(±0.3)×10(-17) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) and 5.7(±0.3)×10(-17) cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) at 273 K and 373 K, respectively. The pilot-scale tests showed that the removal of Hg(0) by ICl increased significantly in presence of flyash. It was predicted that over 90% of Hg(0) removal efficiency can be obtained with 0.2 ppmv ICl and 20 g/m(3) flyash in flue gas. Though the reaction between Hg(0) and ICl was by far faster than that of Hg(0)/Cl(2), the major product was found to be HgCl(2) rather than HgI(2), which implicated that iodine might partly act as the accelerant in Hg(0) oxidation by facilitating the formation of certain intermediates. The results indicated that using ICl to oxidize elemental mercury in coal-fired flue gas can save the consumption of iodine, and it appeared to be a promising oxidant to enhance the removal of Hg(0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Qu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Kim J, Ihee H, Lee YS. Spin-orbit density functional and ab initio study of HgXn (X=F, Cl, Br, and I; n=1, 2, and 4). J Chem Phys 2010; 133:144309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3497189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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28
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Canneaux S, Xerri B, Louis F, Cantrel L. Theoretical Study of the Gas-Phase Reactions of Iodine Atoms (2P3/2) with H2, H2O, HI, and OH. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9270-88. [DOI: 10.1021/jp104163t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Canneaux
- PhysicoChimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère (PC2A), UMR 8522 CNRS/Lille1, Université Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies, Cité scientifique, Bat C11/C5, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Grant DJ, Garner EB, Matus MH, Nguyen MT, Peterson KA, Francisco JS, Dixon DA. Thermodynamic Properties of the XO2, X2O, XYO, X2O2, and XYO2 (X, Y = Cl, Br, and I) Isomers. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:4254-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911320p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Grant
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edward B. Garner
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myrna H. Matus
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirk A. Peterson
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - David A. Dixon
- Chemistry Department, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruz, México, Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, Department of Chemistry, H. C. Brown Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, and Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Figgen D, Peterson KA, Dolg M, Stoll H. Energy-consistent pseudopotentials and correlation consistent basis sets for the 5d elements Hf–Pt. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:164108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Donald K, Hargittai M, Hoffmann R. Group 12 Dihalides: Structural Predilections from Gases to Solids. Chemistry 2009; 15:158-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Cremer D, Kraka E, Filatov M. Bonding in Mercury Molecules Described by the Normalized Elimination of the Small Component and Coupled Cluster Theory. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:2510-21. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Feller D, Peterson KA, Dixon DA. A survey of factors contributing to accurate theoretical predictions of atomization energies and molecular structures. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:204105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3008061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Raofie F, Snider G, Ariya PA. Reaction of gaseous mercury with molecular iodine, atomic iodine, and iodine oxide radicals — Kinetics, product studies, and atmospheric implications. CAN J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1139/v08-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is present in the Earth’s atmosphere mainly in elemental form. The chemical transformation of mercury in the atmosphere may influence its bioaccumulation in the human food chain as well as its global cycling. We carried out the first kinetic and product studies of the reactions of gaseous mercury with molecular iodine, atomic iodine, and iodine oxide radicals at tropospheric pressure (~740 Torr) and 296 ± 2 K in air and in N2 (1 Torr = 133.322 4 Pa; 0 °C = 273.15 K). Atomic iodine was formed using UV photolysis of CH2I2. IO radicals were formed by the UV photolysis of CH2I2 in the presence of ozone The reaction kinetics were studied using absolute rate techniques with gas chromatographic and mass spectroscopic detection (GC–MS). The measured rate coefficient for the reaction of Hg0 with I2 was ≤ (1.27 ± 0.58) × 10–19 cm3 molecule–1 s–1. The reaction products were analyzed in the gas phase from the suspended aerosols and from deposits on the walls of the reaction chambers using six complementary methods involving chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectrometry, GC–MS, a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, a cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometer (CVAFS), and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) coupled to an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The major reaction products identified were HgI2, HgO, and HgIO or HgOI. The implications of the results are discussed with regards to both the chemistry of atmospheric mercury and its potential implications in the biogeochemical cycling of mercury.Key words: mercury, molecular iodine, atomic iodine, iodine oxide radicals kinetics, product study, atmospheric chemistry.
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Ariya PA, Skov H, Grage MML, Goodsite ME. Gaseous Elemental Mercury in the Ambient Atmosphere: Review of the Application of Theoretical Calculations and Experimental Studies for Determination of Reaction Coefficients and Mechanisms with Halogens and Other Reactants. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(07)00204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Marshall P. Computational Studies of the Thermochemistry of the Atmospheric Iodine Reservoirs HOI and IONO2. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(07)00209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Shepler BC, Balabanov NB, Peterson KA. Hg+Br→HgBr recombination and collision-induced dissociation dynamics. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:164304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2777142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Shepler BC, Wright AD, Balabanov NB, Peterson KA. Aqueous Microsolvation of Mercury Halide Species†. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:11342-9. [PMID: 17595065 DOI: 10.1021/jp072093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of aqueous solvation on the thermochemistry of reactions between mercury and small halogen molecules has been investigated by the microsolvation approach using ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The structures, vibrational frequencies, and binding energies of 1, 2, and 3 water molecules with mercury-halide (HgBr2, HgBrCl, HgCl2, HgBr, and HgCl) and related mercury and halogen species (Br2, BrCl, Cl2, Cl, Hg, and Br) have been computed with second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the B3LYP density functional method. Accurate incremental water binding energies have been obtained at the complete basis set (CBS) limit using sequences of correlation consistent basis sets, including higher order correlation effects estimated from coupled cluster calculations. The resulting energetics were used to calculate the influence of water molecules on the thermochemistry of a number of reactions between mercury and small halogen-containing molecules. In general, the presence of water favors the formation of oxidized mercury halide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Shepler
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USA
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Yockel S, Wilson AK. Core-valence correlation consistent basis sets for second-row atoms (Al–Ar) revisited. Theor Chem Acc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-007-0309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Peterson KA, Shepler BC, Singleton JM. The group 12 metal chalcogenides: an accurate multireference configuration interaction and coupled cluster study. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701241664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Peterson KA, Shepler BC, Figgen D, Stoll H. On the spectroscopic and thermochemical properties of ClO, BrO, IO, and their anions. J Phys Chem A 2007; 110:13877-83. [PMID: 17181347 DOI: 10.1021/jp065887l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A coupled cluster composite approach has been used to accurately determine the spectroscopic constants, bond dissociation energies, and heats of formation for the X1(2)II(3/2) states of the halogen oxides ClO, BrO, and IO, as well as their negative ions ClO-, BrO-, and IO-. After determining the frozen core, complete basis set (CBS) limit CCSD(T) values, corrections were added for core-valence correlation, relativistic effects (scalar and spin-orbit), the pseudopotential approximation (BrO and IO), iterative connected triple excitations (CCSDT), and iterative quadruples (CCSDTQ). The final ab initio equilibrium bond lengths and harmonic frequencies for ClO and BrO differ from their accurate experimental values by an average of just 0.0005 A and 0.8 cm-1, respectively. The bond length of IO is overestimated by 0.0047 A, presumably due to an underestimation of molecular spin-orbit coupling effects. Spectroscopic constants for the spin-orbit excited X2(2)III(1/2) states are also reported for each species. The predicted bond lengths and harmonic frequencies for the closed-shell anions are expected to be accurate to within about 0.001 A and 2 cm-1, respectively. The dissociation energies of the radicals have been determined by both direct calculation and through use of negative ion thermochemical cycles, which made use of a small amount of accurate experimental data. The resulting values of D0, 63.5, 55.8, and 54.2 kcal/mol for ClO, BrO, and IO, respectively, are the most accurate ab initio values to date, and those for ClO and BrO differ from their experimental values by just 0.1 kcal/mol. These dissociation energies lead to heats of formation, DeltaH(f) (298 K), of 24.2 +/- 0.3, 29.6 +/- 0.4, and 29.9 +/- 0.6 kcal/mol for ClO, BrO, and IO, respectively. Also, the final calculated electron affinities are all within 0.2 kcal/mol of their experimental values. Improved pseudopotential parameters for the iodine atom are also reported, together with revised correlation consistent basis sets for this atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk A Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4630, USA.
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Shepler BC, Peterson KA. Chemically Accurate Thermochemistry of Cadmium: An ab Initio Study of Cd + XY (X = H, O, Cl, Br; Y = Cl, Br). J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:12321-9. [PMID: 17078631 DOI: 10.1021/jp063771j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Using a composite coupled cluster method employing sequences of correlation consistent basis sets for complete basis set (CBS) extrapolations and with explicit treatment of core-valence correlation and scalar and spin-orbit relativistic effects, the 0 K enthalpies of a wide range of cadmium-halide reactions, namely, Cd + (HCl, HBr, ClO, BrO, Cl2, BrCl, Br2) have been determined to an estimated accuracy of +/-1 kcal/mol. In addition, accurate equilibrium geometries, harmonic frequencies, and dissociation energies have been calculated at the same level of theory for all the diatomic (e.g., CdH, CdO, CdCl, CdBr) and triatomic (CdHCl, CdHBr, CdClO, CdBrO, CdCl2, CdBrCl, CdBr2) species involved in these reactions, some for the very first time. Like their mercury analogues, all of the abstraction reactions are predicted to be endothermic, while the insertion reactions are strongly exothermic with the formation of stable linear, Cd-centric complexes. With the exception of CdH and the reactions involving this species, the present results for the remaining Cd-containing systems are believed to be the most accurate to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Shepler
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, USA
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Kim H, Dooley KS, Johnson ER, North SW. Photodissociation of the BrO radical using velocity map ion imaging: Excited state dynamics and accurate D00(BrO) evaluation. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:134304. [PMID: 16613452 DOI: 10.1063/1.2173265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the photodissociation dynamics of expansion-cooled BrO radical both above (278-281.5 nm) and below (355 nm) the A (2)Pi(3/2) state threshold using velocity map ion imaging. A recently developed late-mixing flash pyrolytic reactor source was utilized to generate an intense BrO radical molecular beam. The relative electronic product branching ratios at 355 nm and from 278 to 281.5 nm were determined. We have investigated the excited state dynamics based on both the product branching and the photofragment angular distributions. We find that above the O((1)D(2)) threshold the contribution of the direct excitation to states other than the A (2)Pi(3/2) state and the role of curve crossing is considerably larger in BrO compared to that observed for ClO, in agreement with recent theoretical studies. The measurement of low velocity photofragments resulting from photodissociation just above the O((1)D(2)) threshold provides an accurate and direct determination of the A (2)Pi(3/2) state dissociation threshold of 35418+/-35 cm(-1), leading to a ground state bond energy of D(0)(0)(BrO)=55.9+/-0.1 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahkjoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
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