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Furfural Electroreduction in Choline-Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Quinquet L, Delliere P, Guigo N. Conditions to Control Furan Ring Opening during Furfuryl Alcohol Polymerization. Molecules 2022; 27:3212. [PMID: 35630693 PMCID: PMC9145036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of biomass-derived furans is particularly sensitive to ring openings. These side reactions occur during furfuryl alcohol polymerization. In this work, the furan ring-opening was controlled by changing polymerization conditions, such as varying the type of acidic initiator or the water content. The degree of open structures (DOS) was determined by quantifying the formed carbonyl species by means of quantitative 19F NMR and potentiometric titration. The progress of polymerization and ring opening were monitored by DSC and FT-IR spectroscopy. The presence of additional water is more determining on ring opening than the nature of the acidic initiator. Qualitative structural assessment by means of 13C NMR and FT-IR shows that, depending on the employed conditions, poly(furfuryl alcohol) samples can be classified in two groups. Indeed, either more ester or more ketone side groups are formed as a result of side ring opening reactions. The absence of additional water during FA polymerization preferentially leads to opened structures in the PFA bearing more ester moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathanael Guigo
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, 06108 Nice, France; (L.Q.); (P.D.)
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Delliere P, Guigo N. Monitoring the Degree of Carbonyl-Based Open Structure in a Furanic Macromolecular System. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Delliere
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Nathanael Guigo
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, 06108 Nice, France
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Ghosh MK, Howard MS, Dussan K, Dooley S. Mechanism and theory of d-glucopyranose homogeneous acid catalysis in the aqueous solution phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:17993-18011. [PMID: 31386704 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07224h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A detailed systematic theoretical study of the mechanism of the homogeneous Brønsted-acid catalysis of d-glucose in aqueous solution phase ("acid hydrolysis") is reported. G4MP2 with the SMD solvation model at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p) are employed to compute the free energies of the molecular and ionic species pertaining to the isomerization, protonation, hydrogen cation transfer and decomposition processes of d-glucopyranose in aqueous solution phase. This information is used to hypothesise a reaction mechanism that is of improved accuracy and completeness from the existing art. It is found that rotation of the d-glucose alkyl carbon-carbon bond is a facile process and is very important to the subsequent catalytic mechanism. This rotation produces two rotameric isomers which are of notably different thermodynamic stability and reactivity, even with regard to the products of this acid catalysis. As a low energy process (ΔG‡ = ∼3.8-6.7 kcal mol-1), the alkyl carbon-carbon bond may rotate toward the hydroxyl group at the adjacent "4" position reducing the energy required to protonate that position by 3.0-7.2 kcal mol-1 (or 15-30%). The combination of two rotomeric isomers with the six structural isomers owing to the oxygen atoms, means that protonated d-glucose cations embark on a complex competition of interconversion and decomposition that is both thermodynamically and kinetically influenced. The calculations support the hypothesis that the acid-catalysed hydrolysis of d-glucose may yield a number of platform chemicals that have not previously been suggested. These include the prospect of three isomers of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF); 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-3-carbaldehyde and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-4-carbaldehyde. Vibrational spectra of these HMF isomers are also computed and compared to experimentally determined infrared spectra of "humins". On this basis, it is cautiously speculated that the alternative HMF isomers, may be monomeric constituent of the polymeric "humins".
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Falco G, Guigo N, Vincent L, Sbirrazzuoli N. Opening Furan for Tailoring Properties of Bio-based Poly(Furfuryl Alcohol) Thermoset. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:1805-1812. [PMID: 29683549 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work shows how furan ring-opening reactions were controlled by polymerization conditions to tune the cross-link density in bio-based poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA). The influence of water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) on the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol, and particularly on furan ring-opening, was investigated by means of 13 C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Results indicated that formation of open structures were favored in the presence of solvents, thus leading to modification of the thermo-mechanical properties compared to PFA cross-linked without solvent. Dynamic mechanical analyses showed that when slightly more open structures were present in PFA it resulted in an important decrease of the cross-link density. Despite lower glass-transition temperature and lower elastic modulus for PFA polymerized with solvent, the thermal stability remains very high (>350 °C) even with more open structures in PFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Falco
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institution, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 06108, Nice Cedex 02, France
| | - Nathanael Guigo
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institution, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 06108, Nice Cedex 02, France
| | - Luc Vincent
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institution, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 06108, Nice Cedex 02, France
| | - Nicolas Sbirrazzuoli
- Université Côte d'Azur, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institution, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 06108, Nice Cedex 02, France
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Pin JM, Guigo N, Vincent L, Sbirrazzuoli N, Mija A. Copolymerization as a Strategy to Combine Epoxidized Linseed Oil and Furfuryl Alcohol: The Design of a Fully Bio-Based Thermoset. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:4149-4161. [PMID: 26663869 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201501259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Epoxidized linseed oil and furfuryl alcohol are bio-sourced monomers known for their high-potential applications in materials science. In this work, we propose the association of these monomers through copolymerization reactions with the target to design fully bio-based thermosets. Herein, investigations on cationic polymerization reactivity have been explored using differential scanning calorimetry. The obtained structures have been confirmed by IR spectroscopy and 2 D NMR spectroscopy, which revealed the principal chain connections. In spite of the multiple capabilities of chemical connections, which include copolymerization and cross-linking, the obtained networks are homogeneous as confirmed by dynamic mechanical analysis and SEM. Furthermore, the copolymer demonstrates a semiductile behavior if subjected to tensile measurements (tensile strain at break ≈40 %), which is a significant advance in terms of its applications as a furanic bio-based thermoset material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Mathieu Pin
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336, 06100, Nice, France
| | - Nathanaël Guigo
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336, 06100, Nice, France
| | - Luc Vincent
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336, 06100, Nice, France
| | | | - Alice Mija
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, LPMC, UMR 7336, 06100, Nice, France.
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Characterizations of furfuryl alcohol oligomer/polymerization catalyzed by homogeneous and heterogeneous acid catalysts. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Araujo-Andrade C, Gómez-Zavaglia A, Reva ID, Fausto R. Conformers, Infrared Spectrum and UV-Induced Photochemistry of Matrix-Isolated Furfuryl Alcohol. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:2352-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp212169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Araujo-Andrade
- Unidad Académica de Física de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - A. Gómez-Zavaglia
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (Conicet La Plata, UNLP), 1900 La Plata, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I. D. Reva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R. Fausto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Kim T, Assary RS, Marshall CL, Gosztola DJ, Curtiss LA, Stair PC. Acid-Catalyzed Furfuryl Alcohol Polymerization: Characterizations of Molecular Structure and Thermodynamic Properties. ChemCatChem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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