1
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Kutrakul N, Liu A, Ratchahat S, Posoknistakul P, Laosiripojana N, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Highly selective catalytic conversion of raw sugar and sugarcane bagasse to lactic acid over YbCl3, ErCl3, and CeCl3 Lewis acid catalysts without alkaline in a hot-compressed water reaction system. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Fang X, Andersson MP, Wang Z, Song W, Li S. Density functional theory study on the initial reactions of d-Xylose and d-Xylulose dehydration to furfural. Carbohydr Res 2021; 511:108463. [PMID: 34741878 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the initial reactions in the acid-catalytic conversion of d-xylose/d-xylulose to furfural was studied with density functional theory. The reactions included mutual transformations among d-xylose, d-xylulose and the intermediate of 1,2-enediol. The catalytic performances of several acids including H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, HBr and HI, and the solvent effects of water and THF (tetrahydrofuran) were studied. A simplified kinetic model of the d-xylose/d-xylulose-to-furfural conversion in water solvent was built, with the assumption that the conversion from 1,2-enediol to furfural was the rate-limiting step and could be treated as one-step reaction. The simulation can well fit the experimental regulation, which verifies the rationality of the model simplification. The dominant reaction pathways from d-xylose/d-xylulose to furfural were deduced based on the calculated energy barriers and corresponding reaction rate constants, with different acid catalysis and reaction mediums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Fang
- Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co, LTD, China; State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Martin P Andersson
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Kgs, Denmark.
| | - Ze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Wenli Song
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Songgeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100190, China
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3
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Ye L, Han Y, Wang X, Lu X, Qi X, Yu H. Recent progress in furfural production from hemicellulose and its derivatives: Conversion mechanism, catalytic system, solvent selection. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient conversion of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels is regarded as an alternative route to reduce our high dependence on fossil resources and the associated environmental issues. In this context, biomass-based furfural and levulinic acid (LA) platform chemicals are frequently utilized to synthesize various valuable chemicals and biofuels. In this review, the reaction mechanism and catalytic system developed for the generation of furfural and levulinic acid are summarized and compared. Special efforts are focused on the different catalytic systems for the synthesis of furfural and levulinic acid. The corresponding challenges and outlooks are also observed.
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5
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Xu C, Paone E, Rodríguez-Padrón D, Luque R, Mauriello F. Recent catalytic routes for the preparation and the upgrading of biomass derived furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:4273-4306. [PMID: 32453311 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Furans represent one of the most important classes of intermediates in the conversion of non-edible lignocellulosic biomass into bio-based chemicals and fuels. At present, bio-furan derivatives are generally obtained from cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of biomass via the acid-catalyzed dehydration of their relative C6-C5 sugars and then converted into a wide range of products. Furfural (FUR) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are surely the most used furan-based feedstocks since their chemical structure allows the preparation of various high-value-added chemicals. Among several well-established catalytic approaches, hydrogenation and oxygenation processes have been efficiently adopted for upgrading furans; however, harsh reaction conditions are generally required. In this review, we aim to discuss the conversion of biomass derived FUR and HMF through unconventional (transfer hydrogenation, photocatalytic and electrocatalytic) catalytic processes promoted by heterogeneous catalytic systems. The reaction conditions adopted, the chemical nature and the physico-chemical properties of the most employed heterogeneous systems in enhancing the catalytic activity and in driving the selectivity to desired products are presented and compared. At the same time, the latest results in the production of FUR and HMF through novel environmental friendly processes starting from lignocellulose as well as from wastes and by-products obtained in the processing of biomass are also overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Dongfeng Road 5, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - E Paone
- Dipartimento DICEAM, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy. and Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - D Rodríguez-Padrón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - R Luque
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain. and Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - F Mauriello
- Dipartimento DICEAM, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Fattahi
- Department of Chemistry Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran
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7
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Istasse T, Richel A. Mechanistic aspects of saccharide dehydration to furan derivatives for reaction media design. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23720-23742. [PMID: 35517323 PMCID: PMC9055118 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03892j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of abundant hexoses (e.g. glucose, mannose and galactose) and pentoses (e.g. xylose and arabinose) to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and 2-furfural (2-F) is subject to intensive research in the hope of achieving competitive production of diverse materials from renewable resources. However, the abundance of literature on this topic as well as the limited number of studies systematically comparing numerous monosaccharides hinder progress tracking. Herein, we compare and rationalize reactivities of different ketoses and aldoses. Dehydration mechanisms of both monosaccharide types are reviewed regarding the existing experimental evidence. Ketose transformation to furan derivatives likely proceeds through cyclic intermediates and is hindered by side-reactions such as isomerization, retro-aldol reactions and polymerization. Different strategies can improve furan derivative synthesis from ketoses: limiting the presence of water, improving the dehydration rate, protecting 5-HMF and 2-F reactive moieties with derivatization or solvent interactions and extracting 5-HMF and 2-F from the reaction medium. In contrast to ketoses, aldose conversion to furan derivatives is not favored compared to polymerization reactions because it involves their isomerization or a ring contraction. Enhancing aldose isomerization is possible with metal catalysts (e.g. CrCl3) promoting a hydride shift mechanism or with boric/boronic acids promoting an enediol mechanism. This catalysis is however far more challenging than ketose dehydration because catalyst activity depends on numerous factors: Brønsted acidity of the medium, catalyst ligands, catalyst affinity for monosaccharides and their accessibility to several chemical species simultaneously. Those aspects are methodically addressed to support the design of new monosaccharide dehydration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Istasse
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Aurore Richel
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Passage des Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux Belgium
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Krzelj V, Ferreira Liberal J, Papaioannou M, van der Schaaf J, Neira d’Angelo MF. Kinetic Model of Xylose Dehydration for a Wide Range of Sulfuric Acid Concentrations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladan Krzelj
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Julia Ferreira Liberal
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Myrto Papaioannou
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - John van der Schaaf
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Maria Fernanda Neira d’Angelo
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
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9
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Thoresen PP, Matsakas L, Rova U, Christakopoulos P. Recent advances in organosolv fractionation: Towards biomass fractionation technology of the future. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123189. [PMID: 32220471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organosolv treatment is among the most promising strategies for valorising lignocellulosic biomass and could facilitate the transition towards enhanced utilization of renewable feedstocks. However, issues such as inefficient solvent recycle and fractionation has to be overcome. The present review aims to address these issues and discuss the role of the components present during organosolv treatment and their influence on the overall process. Thus, the review focuses not only on how the choice of solvent and catalyst affects lignocellulosic fractionation, but also on how the choice of treatment liquor influences the possibility for solvent recycling and product isolation. Several organic solvents have been investigated in combination with water and acid/base catalysts; however, the lack of a holistic approach often compromises the performance of the different operational units. Thus, an economically viable organosolv process should optimize biomass fractionation, product isolation, and solvent recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Paulsen Thoresen
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Sweden.
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Abstract
Catalytic systems based on bimetallic Pd-Au particles deposited on SiO2 were prepared by ultrasonically assisted water impregnation and used in the hydrogenation of furfural obtained by the acidic hydrolysis of waste biomass (brewery’s spent grain) in aqueous phase. Pd-Au/SiO2 catalysts containing 50 g of Pd and 2–100 g of Au per 1 kg of catalyst were characterized by high activity in the studied process and, depending on the Pd/Au ratio, selectivity to 2-methyloxolan-2-ol. The modification of 5%Pd/SiO2 by Au leads to the formation of dispersed Au-Pd solid solution phases, which was confirmed by XRD, XPS, ToF-SIMS, SEM-EDS, and H2-TPR techniques. The effect of dilution of surface palladium by gold atoms is probably crucial for modification of the reaction mechanism and formation of 2-methyloxolan-2-ol as the main product.
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11
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Abstract
Eucalyptus globulus wood samples were treated with hot, compressed water (autohydrolysis) in consecutive stages under non-isothermal conditions in order to convert the hemicellulose fraction into soluble compounds through reactions catalyzed by in situ generated acids. The first stage was a conventional autohydrolysis, and liquid phase obtained under conditions leading to an optimal recovery of soluble saccharides was employed in a new reaction (second crossflow stage) using a fresh wood lot, in order to increase the concentrations of soluble saccharides. In the third crossflow stage, the best liquid phase from the second stage was employed to solubilize the hemicelluloses from a fresh wood lot. The concentration profiles determined for the soluble saccharides, acids, and furans present in the liquid phases from the diverse crossflow stages were employed for kinetic modeling, based on pseudohomogeneous reactions and Arrhenius-type dependence of the kinetic coefficients on temperature. Additional characterization of the reaction products by High Pressure Size Exclusion Chromatography, High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection, and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry provided further insight on the properties of the soluble saccharides present in the various reaction media.
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Yong TLK, Pa’ee KF, Abd-Talib N, Mohamad N. Production of Platform Chemicals Using Supercritical Fluid Technology. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2020:53-73. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-44984-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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13
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Huang K, Das L, Guo J, Xu Y. Catalytic valorization of hardwood for enhanced xylose-hydrolysate recovery and cellulose enzymatic efficiency via synergistic effect of Fe 3+ and acetic acid. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:248. [PMID: 31636707 PMCID: PMC6796388 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poplars are considered suitable dedicated energy crops, with abundant cellulose and hemicellulose, and huge surplus biomass potential in China. Xylan, the major hemicellulosic component, contributes to the structural stability of wood and represents a tremendous quantity of biobased chemicals for fuel production. Monomeric xylose conversion to value-added chemicals such as furfural, xylitol, and xylonic acid could greatly improve the economics of pulp-paper industry and biorefinery. Acetic acid (HAc) is used as a friendly and recyclable selective catalyst amenable to xylan degradation and xylooligosaccharides production from lignocellulosic materials. However, HAc catalyst usually works much feebly at inert woods than agricultural straws. In this study, effects of different iron species in HAc media on poplar xylan degradation were systematically compared, and a preferable Fe3+-assisted HAc hydrolysis process was proposed for comparable xylose-hydrolysate recovery (XHR) and enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. RESULTS In presence of 6.5% HAc with 0.17-0.25 wt% Fe3+, xylose yield ranged between 72.5 and 73.9%. Additionally, pretreatment was effective in poplar delignification, with a lignin yield falling between 38.6 and 42.5%. Under similar conditions, saccharification efficiency varied between 60.3 and 65.9%. Starting with 100 g poplar biomass, a total amount of 12.7-12.8 g of xylose and 18.8-22.8 g of glucose were harvested from liquid streams during the whole process of Fe3+-HAc hydrolysis coupled with enzymatic saccharification. Furthermore, the enhancement mechanism of Fe3+ coupled with HAc was investigated after proof-of-concept experiments. Beechwood xylan and xylose were treated under the same condition as poplar sawdust fractionation, giving understanding of the effect of catalysts on the hydrolysis pathway from wood xylan to xylose and furfural by Fe3+-HAc. CONCLUSIONS The Fe3+-assisted HAc hydrolysis process was demonstrated as an effective approach to the wood xylose and other monosaccharides production. Synergistic effect of Lewis acid site and aqueous acetic acid provided a promising strategy for catalytic valorization of poplar biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lalitendu Das
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA
- Biomass Science and Conversion Technology, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551 USA
| | - Jianming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
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14
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Zhao Y, Xu H, Lu K, Qu Y, Zhu L, Wang S. Experimental and Kinetic Study of Arabinose Conversion to Furfural in Renewable Butanone–Water Solvent Mixture Catalyzed by Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kaifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lingjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
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15
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Chiu CC, Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Lin HY, Hsu PJ, Phan HT, Karumanthra A, Thompson H, Lee YC, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Toward Closing the Gap between Hexoses and N-Acetlyhexosamines: Experimental and Computational Studies on the Collision-Induced Dissociation of Hexosamines. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6683-6700. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Yu Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Arya Karumanthra
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Hayden Thompson
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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McGill CJ, Westmoreland PR. Monosaccharide Isomer Interconversions Become Significant at High Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:120-131. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J. McGill
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Phillip R. Westmoreland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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17
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Moreno-Marrodan C, Barbaro P, Caporali S, Bossola F. Low-Temperature Continuous-Flow Dehydration of Xylose Over Water-Tolerant Niobia-Titania Heterogeneous Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3649-3660. [PMID: 30106509 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable conversion of vegetable biomass-derived feeds to useful chemicals requires innovative routes meeting environmental and economical criteria. The approach herein pursued is the synthesis of water-tolerant, unconventional solid acid monolithic catalysts based on a mixed niobia-titania skeleton building up a hierarchical open-cell network of meso- and macropores, and tailored for use under continuous-flow conditions. The materials were characterized by spectroscopic, microscopy, and diffraction techniques, showing a reproducible isotropic structure and an increasing Lewis/Brønsted acid sites ratio with increasing Nb content. The catalytic dehydration reaction of xylose to furfural was investigated as a representative application. The efficiency of the catalyst was found to be dramatically affected by the niobia content in the titania lattice. The presence of as low as 2 wt % niobium resulted in the highest furfural yield at 140 °C under continuous-flow conditions, by using H2 O/γ-valerolactone as a safe monophasic solvent system. The interception of a transient 2,5-anhydroxylose species suggested the dehydration process occurs via a cyclic intermediates mechanism. The catalytic activity and the formation of the anhydro intermediate were related to the Lewis acid sites (LAS)/Brønsted acid sites (BAS) ratio and indicated a significant contribution of xylose-xylulose isomerization. No significant catalyst deactivation was observed over 4 days usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Moreno-Marrodan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Barbaro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Caporali
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Filippo Bossola
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
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18
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Questell-Santiago YM, Zambrano-Varela R, Talebi Amiri M, Luterbacher JS. Carbohydrate stabilization extends the kinetic limits of chemical polysaccharide depolymerization. Nat Chem 2018; 10:1222-1228. [PMID: 30224685 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide depolymerization is an essential step for valorizing lignocellulosic biomass. In inexpensive systems such as pure water or dilute acid mixtures, carbohydrate monomer degradation rates exceed hemicellulose-and especially cellulose-depolymerization rates at most easily accessible temperatures, limiting sugar yields. Here, we use a reversible stabilization of xylose and glucose by acetal formation with formaldehyde to alter this kinetic paradigm, preventing sugar dehydration to furans and their subsequent degradation. During a harsh organosolv pretreatment in the presence of formaldehyde, over 90% of xylan in beech wood was recovered as diformylxylose (compared to 16% xylose recovery without formaldehyde). The subsequent depolymerization of cellulose led to carbohydrate yields over 70% and a final concentration of ~5 wt%, whereas the same conditions without formaldehyde gave a yield of 28%. This stabilization strategy pushes back the longstanding kinetic limits of polysaccharide depolymerization and enables the recovery of biomass-derived carbohydrates in high yields and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ydna M Questell-Santiago
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raquel Zambrano-Varela
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Masoud Talebi Amiri
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy S Luterbacher
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Antonini L, Garzoli S, Ricci A, Troiani A, Salvitti C, Giacomello P, Ragno R, Patsilinakos A, Di Rienzo B, Pepi F. Ab-initio and experimental study of pentose sugar dehydration mechanism in the gas phase. Carbohydr Res 2018; 458-459:19-28. [PMID: 29428483 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Mika LT, Cséfalvay E, Németh Á. Catalytic Conversion of Carbohydrates to Initial Platform Chemicals: Chemistry and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2017; 118:505-613. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László T. Mika
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Edit Cséfalvay
- Department
of Energy Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Áron Németh
- Department
of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
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21
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Yang T, Zhou YH, Zhu SZ, Pan H, Huang YB. Insight into Aluminum Sulfate-Catalyzed Xylan Conversion into Furfural in a γ-Valerolactone/Water Biphasic Solvent under Microwave Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4066-4079. [PMID: 28856818 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient biphasic system with an earth-abundant metal salt catalyst was used to produce furfural from xylan with a high yield of up to 87.8 % under microwave conditions. Strikingly, the metal salt Al2 (SO4 )3 exhibited excellent catalytic activity for xylan conversion, owing to a combination of Lewis and Brønsted acidity and its ability to promote good phase separation. The critical role of the SO42- anion was first analyzed, which resulted in the aforementioned characteristics when combined with the Al3+ cation. The mixed solvent system with γ-valerolactone (GVL) as the organic phase provided the highest furfural yield, resulting from its good dielectric properties and dissolving capacity, which facilitated the absorption of microwave energy and promoted mass transfer. Mechanistic studies suggested that the xylan-to-furfural conversion proceeded mainly through a hydrolysis-isomerization-dehydration pathway and the hexa-coordinated Lewis acidic [Al(OH)2 (aq)]+ species were the active sites for xylose-xylulose isomerization. Detailed kinetic studies of the subreaction for the xylan conversion revealed that GVL regulates the reaction rates and pathways by promoting the rates of the key steps involved for furfural production and suppressing the side reactions for humin production. Finally, the Al2 (SO4 )3 catalyst was used for the production of furfural from several lignocellulosic feedstocks, revealing its great potential for other biomass conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Yi-Han Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Sheng-Zhen Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Hui Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
| | - Yao-Bing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159#, Nanjing, P.R: China
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22
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Chen JL, Nguan HS, Hsu PJ, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Kuo JL, Hu WP, Ni CK. Collision-induced dissociation of sodiated glucose and identification of anomeric configuration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15454-15462. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Difference in dehydration barrier heights results in different branching ratio, a simple and fast method for anomeric configuration identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Hock Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ping Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- National Chung Cheng University
- Chia-Yi 621
- Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
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23
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Li X, Jia P, Wang T. Furfural: A Promising Platform Compound for Sustainable Production of C4 and C5 Chemicals. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of
Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of
Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tiefeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of
Green Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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24
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Dussan K, Girisuta B, Lopes M, Leahy JJ, Hayes MHB. Effects of Soluble Lignin on the Formic Acid-Catalyzed Formation of Furfural: A Case Study for the Upgrading of Hemicellulose. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:492-504. [PMID: 26805656 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201501415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study is presented on the conversion of hemicellulose sugars in liquors obtained from the fractionation of Miscanthus, spruce bark, sawdust, and hemp by using formic acid. Experimental tests with varying temperature (130-170 °C), formic acid concentration (10-80 wt%), carbohydrate concentrations, and lignin separation were carried out, and experimental data were compared with predictions obtained by reaction kinetics developed in a previous study. The conversions of xylose and arabinose into furfural were inherently affected by the presence of polymeric soluble lignin, decreasing the maximum furfural yields observed experimentally by up to 24%. These results were also confirmed in synthetic mixtures of pentoses with Miscanthus and commercial alkali lignin. This observation was attributed to side reactions involving intermediate stable sugar species reacting with solubilized lignin during the conversion of xylose into furfural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dussan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Buana Girisuta
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Marystela Lopes
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co., Limerick, Ireland
| | - James J Leahy
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co., Limerick, Ireland
| | - Michael H B Hayes
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co., Limerick, Ireland
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25
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Peleteiro S, Rivas S, Alonso JL, Santos V, Parajó JC. Furfural production using ionic liquids: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:181-191. [PMID: 26708486 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Furfural, a platform chemical with a bright future, is commercially obtained by acidic processing of xylan-containing biomass in aqueous media. Ionic liquids (ILs) can be employed in processed for furfural manufacture as additives, as catalysts and/or as reaction media. Depending on the IL utilized, externally added catalysts (usually, Lewis acids, Brönsted acids and/or solid acid catalysts) can be necessary to achieve high reaction yields. Oppositely, acidic ionic liquids (AILs) can perform as both solvents and catalysts, enabling the direct conversion of suitable substrates (pentoses, pentosans or xylan-containing biomass) into furfural. Operating in IL-containing media, the furfural yields can be improved when the product is continuously removed along the reaction (for example, by stripping or extraction), to avoid unwanted side-reactions leading to furfural consumption. These topics are reviewed, as well as the major challenges involved in the large scale utilization of ILs for furfural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sandra Rivas
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Valentín Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Faculty of Science, Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), Universtity of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
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26
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Gupta S, Arora R, Sinha N, Alam MI, Haider MA. Mechanistic insights into the ring-opening of biomass derived lactones. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22832h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations suggest the formation of an oxocarbenium ion intermediate in acid catalyzed ring-opening reactions of biomass derived lactones, which may play an important role in determining it's reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelaka Gupta
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Rishabh Arora
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | | | - Md. Imteyaz Alam
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - M. Ali Haider
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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27
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Akinosho H, Rydzak T, Borole A, Ragauskas A, Close D. Toxicological challenges to microbial bioethanol production and strategies for improved tolerance. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:2156-2174. [PMID: 26423392 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioethanol production output has increased steadily over the last two decades and is now beginning to become competitive with traditional liquid transportation fuels due to advances in engineering, the identification of new production host organisms, and the development of novel biodesign strategies. A significant portion of these efforts has been dedicated to mitigating the toxicological challenges encountered across the bioethanol production process. From the release of potentially cytotoxic or inhibitory compounds from input feedstocks, through the metabolic co-synthesis of ethanol and potentially detrimental byproducts, and to the potential cytotoxicity of ethanol itself, each stage of bioethanol production requires the application of genetic or engineering controls that ensure the host organisms remain healthy and productive to meet the necessary economies required for large scale production. In addition, as production levels continue to increase, there is an escalating focus on the detoxification of the resulting waste streams to minimize their environmental impact. This review will present the major toxicological challenges encountered throughout each stage of the bioethanol production process and the commonly employed strategies for reducing or eliminating potential toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Akinosho
- Renewable BioProducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Thomas Rydzak
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS6342, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6342, USA
| | - Abhijeet Borole
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS6342, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6342, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Arthur Ragauskas
- Renewable BioProducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Dan Close
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS6342, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6342, USA.
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28
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Theoretical insight into the conversion of xylose to furfural in the gas phase and water. J Mol Model 2015; 21:296. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Peleteiro S, da Costa Lopes AM, Garrote G, Parajó JC, Bogel-Łukasik R. Simple and Efficient Furfural Production from Xylose in Media Containing 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Peleteiro
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Andre M. da Costa Lopes
- Unidade
de Bioenergia,
Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gil Garrote
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Rafał Bogel-Łukasik
- Unidade
de Bioenergia,
Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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30
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Furfural production from hydrolysate of barley straw after dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Dussan K, Girisuta B, Lopes M, Leahy JJ, Hayes MHB. Conversion of hemicellulose sugars catalyzed by formic acid: kinetics of the dehydration of D-xylose, L-arabinose, and D-glucose. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:1411-1428. [PMID: 25821128 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass produces a liquid stream of hemicellulose-based sugars, which can be further converted to high-value chemicals. Formosolv pulping and the Milox process use formic acid as the fractionating agent, which can be used as the catalyst for the valorisation of hemicellulose sugars to platform chemicals. The objective of this study was to investigate the reaction kinetics of major components in the hemicelluloses fraction of biomass, that is, D-xylose, L-arabinose and D-glucose. The kinetics experiments for each sugar were performed at temperatures between 130 and 170 °C in various formic acid concentrations (10-64 wt %). The implications of these kinetic models on the selectivity of each sugar to the desired products are discussed. The models were used to predict the reaction kinetics of solutions that resemble the liquid stream obtained from the fractionation process of biomass using formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dussan
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick (Ireland)
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32
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Enslow KR, Bell AT. The Role of Metal Halides in Enhancing the Dehydration of Xylose to Furfural. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Ricci A, Di Rienzo B, Pepi F, Troiani A, Garzoli S, Giacomello P. Acid-catalysed glucose dehydration in the gas phase: a mass spectrometric approach. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:228-234. [PMID: 25601697 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding on a molecular level the acid-catalysed decomposition of the sugar monomers from hemicellulose and cellulose (e.g. glucose, xylose), the main constituent of lignocellulosic biomass is very important to increase selectivity and reaction yields in solution, key steps for the development of a sustainable renewable industry. In this work we reported a gas-phase study performed by electrospray triple quadrupole mass spectrometry on the dehydration mechanism of D-glucose. In the gas phase, reactant ions corresponding to protonated D-glucose were obtained in the ESI source and were allowed to undergo collisionally activated decomposition (CAD) into the quadrupole collision cell. The CAD mass spectrum of protonated D-glucose is characterized by the presence of ionic dehydrated daughter ion (ionic intermediates and products), which were structurally characterized by their fragmentation patterns. In the gas phase D-glucose dehydration does not lead to the formation of protonated 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, but to a mixed population of m/z 127 isomeric ions. To elucidate the D-glucose dehydration mechanism, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose was also submitted to the mass spectrometric study; the results suggest that the C3 hydroxyl group plays a key role in the reaction mechanism. Furthermore, protonated levulinic acid was found to be formed from the monodehydrated D-glucose ionic intermediate, an alternative pathway other than the known route consisting of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde double hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Ricci
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Second University of Naples, via Vivaldi, 43-81100, Caserta, Italy
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34
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Hayes CJ, Burgess DR, Manion JA. Combustion Pathways of Biofuel Model Compounds. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apoc.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Comparison of Solid Acid-Catalyzed and Autocatalyzed C5 and C6 Sugar Dehydration Reactions with Water as a Solvent. Catal Letters 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-014-1350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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36
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Qian X, Liu D. Free energy landscape for glucose condensation and dehydration reactions in dimethyl sulfoxide and the effects of solvent. Carbohydr Res 2014; 388:50-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Lau CS, Thoma GJ, Clausen EC, Carrier DJ. Kinetic Modeling of Xylose Oligomer Degradation during Pretreatment in Dilute Acid or in Water. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie403722d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Shuan Lau
- Department
of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, 203 Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Greg J. Thoma
- Ralph
E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 3202 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Edgar C. Clausen
- Ralph
E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 3202 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Danielle J. Carrier
- Department
of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, 203 Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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38
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Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Guo Y, Hemmann F, Arias PL, Kemnitz E. Dehydration of xylose and glucose to furan derivatives using bifunctional partially hydroxylated MgF2 catalysts and N2-stripping. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The current furfural production yield is low due to the use of non-selective homogeneous catalysts and expensive separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Agirrezabal-Telleria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Engineering School of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Bilbao, Spain
| | - Y. Guo
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Hemmann
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- Berlin, Germany
| | - P. L. Arias
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Engineering School of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Bilbao, Spain
| | - E. Kemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Berlin, Germany
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39
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Zhang Z, Du B, Quan ZJ, Da YX, Wang XC. Dehydration of biomass to furfural catalyzed by reusable polymer bound sulfonic acid (PEG-OSO3H) in ionic liquid. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00888f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Qian X. Free Energy Surface for Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Glucose Ring-Opening in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:11460-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp402739q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Qian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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41
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Formation of degradation compounds from lignocellulosic biomass in the biorefinery: sugar reaction mechanisms. Carbohydr Res 2013; 385:45-57. [PMID: 24412507 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The degradation compounds formed during pretreatment when lignocellulosic biomass is processed to ethanol or other biorefinery products include furans, phenolics, organic acids, as well as mono- and oligomeric pentoses and hexoses. Depending on the reaction conditions glucose can be converted to 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) and/or levulinic acid, formic acid and different phenolics at elevated temperatures. Correspondingly, xylose can follow different reaction mechanisms resulting in the formation of furan-2-carbaldehyde (furfural) and/or various C-1 and C-4 compounds. At least four routes for the formation of HMF from glucose and three routes for furfural formation from xylose are possible. In addition, new findings show that biomass monosaccharides themselves can react further to form pseudo-lignin and humins as well as a wide array of other compounds when exposed to high temperatures. Hence, several aldehydes and ketones and many different organic acids and aromatic compounds may be generated during hydrothermal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The reaction mechanisms are of interest because the very same compounds that are possible inhibitors for biomass processing enzymes and microorganisms may be valuable biobased chemicals. Hence a new potential for industrial scale synthesis of chemicals has emerged. A better understanding of the reaction mechanisms and the impact of the reaction conditions on the product formation is thus a prerequisite for designing better biomass processing strategies and forms an important basis for the development of new biorefinery products from lignocellulosic biomass as well.
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Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Hemmann F, Jäger C, Arias P, Kemnitz E. Functionalized partially hydroxylated MgF2 as catalysts for the dehydration of d-xylose to furfural. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ricci A, Piccolella S, Pepi F, Garzoli S, Giacomello P. The mechanism of 2-furaldehyde formation from D-xylose dehydration in the gas phase. A tandem mass spectrometric study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1082-1089. [PMID: 23690250 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of reactions occurring in solution can be investigated also in the gas phase by suited mass spectrometric techniques, which allow to highlight fundamental mechanistic features independent of the influence of the medium and to clarifying controversial hypotheses proposed in solution studies. In this work, we report a gas-phase study performed by electrospray triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-TSQ/MS) on the dehydration of D-xylose, leading mainly to the formation of 2-furaldehyde (2-FA). It is generally known in carbohydrate chemistry that the thermal acid catalyzed dehydration of pentoses leads to the formation of 2-FA, but several aspects on the solution-phase mechanism are controversial. Here, gaseous reactant ions corresponding to protonated xylose molecules obtained from ESI of a solution containing D-xylose and ammonium acetate as protonating reagent were allowed to undergo collisionally activated decomposition (CAD) into the triple stage quadrupole analyzer. The product ion mass spectra of protonated xylose are characterized by the presence of ionic intermediates arising from xylose dehydration, which were structurally characterized by their fragmentation patterns. As expected, the xylose triple dehydration leads to the formation of the ion at m/z 97, corresponding to protonated 2-FA. On the basis of mass spectrometric evidences, we demonstrated that in the gas phase, the formation of 2-FA involves protonation at the OH group bound to the C1 atom of the sugar, the first ionic intermediate being characterized by a cyclic structure. Finally, energy resolved product ion mass spectra allowed to obtain information on the energetic features of the D-xylose→2-FA conversion. ᅟ
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Ricci
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Second University of Naples, via Vivaldi, 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
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Lin X, Qu Y, Lv Y, Xi Y, Phillips DL, Liu C. The first dehydration and the competing reaction pathways of glucose homogeneously and heterogeneously catalyzed by acids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:2967-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43644b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Ricci A, Piccolella S, Pepi F, Patsilinakos A, Ragno R, Garzoli S, Giacomello P. Gas-phase basicity of 2-furaldehyde. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1488-1494. [PMID: 23147827 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
2-Furaldehyde (2-FA), also known as furfural or 2-furancarboxaldehyde, is an heterocyclic aldehyde that can be obtained from the thermal dehydration of pentose monosaccharides. This molecule can be considered as an important sustainable intermediate for the preparation of a great variety of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and furan-based polymers. Despite the great importance of this molecule, its gas-phase basicity (GB) has never been measured. In this work, the GB of 2-FA was determined by the extended Cooks's kinetic method from electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometric experiments along with theoretical calculations. As expected, computational results identify the aldehydic oxygen atom of 2-FA as the preferred protonation site. The geometries of O-O-cis and O-O-trans 2-FA and of their six different protomers were calculated at the B3LYP/aug-TZV(d,p) level of theory; proton affinity (PA) values were also calculated at the G3(MP2, CCSD(T)) level of theory. The experimental PA was estimated to be 847.9 ± 3.8 kJ mol(-1), the protonation entropy 115.1 ± 5.03 J mol(-1) K(-1) and the GB 813.6 ± 4.08 kJ mol(-1) at 298 K. From the PA value, a ΔH°(f) of 533.0 ± 12.4 kJ mol(-1) for protonated 2-FA was derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Ricci
- Department of Scienze della Vita, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy.
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46
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Qian X, Wei X. Glucose Isomerization to Fructose from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:10898-904. [DOI: 10.1021/jp303842g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Qian
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical
Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville,
Arkansas 72701,
United States
| | - Xingfei Wei
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical
Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville,
Arkansas 72701,
United States
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47
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Choudhary V, Sandler SI, Vlachos DG. Conversion of Xylose to Furfural Using Lewis and Brønsted Acid Catalysts in Aqueous Media. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs300265d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Choudhary
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology and Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Stanley I. Sandler
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology and Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology and Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Yang W, Li P, Bo D, Chang H. The optimization of formic acid hydrolysis of xylose in furfural production. Carbohydr Res 2012; 357:53-61. [PMID: 22703600 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Formic acid, a byproduct of furfural process, can be an effective catalyst for dehydration of xylose into furfural. Due to the low corrosion resistance, easy to be separated and reused, there is a growing interest in the use of formic acid as catalyst. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the hydrolysis process in order to obtain high furfural yield and selectivity. Three important parameters, initial xylose concentration (40-120 g/L), temperature (170-190 °C), formic acid concentration (5-15 g/L) were optimized. The optimum initial xylose concentration, formic concentration, reaction temperature were 40 g/L, 10 g/L, and 180 °C, respectively. Under these conditions, the maximum furfural yield of 74% and selectivity of 78% were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandian Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Guo B, Zhang Y, Ha SJ, Jin YS, Morgenroth E. Combined biomimetic and inorganic acids hydrolysis of hemicellulose in Miscanthus for bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 110:278-87. [PMID: 22366607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Combined acid catalysis was employed as a pretreatment alternative with combined acid catalysts blending sulfuric acid with two biomimetic acids, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and maleic acid (MA), respectively. The influences of acid blending ratio, temperature, and acid dosage on pretreatment performance were investigated. A synergistic effect on hemicellulose decomposition was observed in the combined acid hydrolysis, which greatly increased xylose yield, although TFA/MA would induce more total phenols. Besides, combined TFA pretreatment could efficiently prevent xylose degradation. Fermentation tests of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysates with overliming showed that compared to H(2)SO(4) pretreatment, TFA and MA pretreatments improved overall ethanol yield with an increase by 27-54%. Combined acid catalysis was shown as a feasible pretreatment method for its improved sugar yield, reduced phenols production and catalyst costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Newmark Lab, 205 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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Taylor MP, Mulako I, Tuffin M, Cowan D. Understanding physiological responses to pre-treatment inhibitors in ethanologenic fermentations. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1169-81. [PMID: 22331581 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-based liquid fuels feature significantly in the political and social agendas of many countries, seeking energy sustainability. It is certain that ethanol will be the entry point for many sustainable processes. Conventional ethanol production using maize- and sugarcane-based carbohydrates with Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well established, while lignocellulose-based processes are receiving growing interest despite posing greater technical and scientific challenges. A significant challenge that arises from the chemical hydrolysis of lignocellulose is the generation of toxic compounds in parallel with the release of sugars. These compounds, collectively termed pre-treatment inhibitors, impair metabolic functionality and growth. Their removal, pre-fermentation or their abatement, via milder hydrolysis, are currently uneconomic options. It is widely acknowledged that a more cost effective strategy is to develop resistant process strains. Here we describe and classify common inhibitors and describe in detail the reported physiological responses that occur in second-generation strains, which include engineered yeast and mesophilic and thermophilic prokaryotes. It is suggested that a thorough understanding of tolerance to common pre-treatment inhibitors should be a major focus in ongoing strain engineering. This review is a useful resource for future metabolic engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Taylor
- TMO Renewables Ltd., The Surrey Research Park, Guildford, UK
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