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Saeidian H, Malekian H, Vessally E. Density functional estimation of hydride and proton affinities of substituted allenes and heteroallenes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeidian
- Department of Science Payame Noor University (PNU) Tehran Iran
| | - Hadi Malekian
- Department of Science Payame Noor University (PNU) Tehran Iran
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Science Payame Noor University (PNU) Tehran Iran
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2
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Braga LS, Leal DHS, Kuca K, Ramalho TC. Perspectives on the Role of the Frontier Effective-for-Reaction Molecular Orbital (FERMO) in the Study of Chemical Reactivity: An Updated Review. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824666200204121044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular orbitals are critical in the rationalization of several chemical reactions.
Thus, the frontier molecular orbital theory, proposed by Fukui's group, postulated
the importance of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and the Lowest Unoccupied
Molecular Orbital (LUMO) for chemical reactions. It should be kept in mind,
however, that there are limitations of this theory and new perspectives about the chemical
reactivity have recently been arisen based on composition and location of other frontier
molecular orbitals. In this review, we have reported the development and the most recent
applications of the Frontier Effective-for-Reaction Molecular Orbital (FERMO) concept,
which describes the breaking and formation of new chemical bonds and can in turn, provide
important clues that modulate chemical reactivity of atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia S. Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Daniel H. S. Leal
- Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Federal University of Itajuba, Itajuba, Brazil
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Teodorico C. Ramalho
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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3
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Tandarić T, Vianello R. Computational Insight into the Mechanism of the Irreversible Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase Enzymes by the Antiparkinsonian Propargylamine Inhibitors Rasagiline and Selegiline. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3532-3542. [PMID: 31264403 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are flavin adenine dinucleotide containing flavoenzymes that catalyze the degradation of a range of brain neurotransmitters, whose imbalance is extensively linked with the pathology of various neurological disorders. This is why MAOs have been the central pharmacological targets in treating neurodegeneration for more than 60 years. Still, despite this practical importance, the precise chemical mechanisms underlying the irreversible inhibition of the MAO B isoform with clinical drugs rasagiline (RAS) and selegiline (SEL) remained unknown. Here we employed a combination of MD simulations, MM-GBSA binding free energy evaluations, and QM cluster calculations to show the MAO inactivation proceeds in three steps, where, in the rate-limiting first step, FAD utilizes its N5 atom to abstracts a hydride anion from the inhibitor α-CH2 group to ultimately give the final inhibitor-FAD adduct matching crystallographic data. The obtained free energy profiles reveal a lower activation energy for SEL by 1.2 kcal mol-1 and a higher reaction exergonicity by 0.8 kcal mol-1, with the former being in excellent agreement with experimental ΔΔG‡EXP = 1.7 kcal mol-1, thus rationalizing its higher in vivo reactivity over RAS. The calculated ΔGBIND energies confirm SEL binds better due to its bigger size and flexibility allowing it to optimize hydrophobic C-H···π and π···π interactions with residues throughout both of enzyme's cavities, particularly with FAD, Gln206 and four active site tyrosines, thus overcoming a larger ability of RAS to form hydrogen bonds that only position it in less reactive orientations for the hydride abstraction. Offered results elucidate structural determinants affecting the affinity and rates of the inhibition reaction that should be considered to cooperate when designing more effective compounds devoid of untoward effects, which are of utmost significance and urgency with the growing prevalence of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Tandarić
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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4
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Radić N, Maksić ZB. Carbon Atom as an Extremely Strong Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Center: Dendritic Allenes Are Powerful Organic Proton and Hydride Sponges. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2425-2438. [PMID: 30747532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase proton affinities (PAs) and hydride affinities (HAs) of organic bases possessing an allene moiety and substituted with methyl, dimethylamino, cyano, and vinyl substituents were examined with the B3LYP/6-311+G(2df,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) model. It was shown that a number of superbases and hyperbases can be obtained, as well as the potent hydride sponges. Methyl or dimethylamino substituents increased the proton affinity of the parent molecule, and the cyano substituents increased its hydride affinity. When the vinyl substituents are placed on allene, both the hydride and the proton affinities increased. A disubstituted allene with two dimethylamino groups is the smallest studied superbase, whereas the allene tetrasubstituted with four vinyl groups gives the smallest superbase possessing only alkene substituents. By introducing the vinyl group as a repeating subunit, one can obtain dendritic structures with the investigated substituents determining its properties. By changing the dimethylamino with the cyano group, a dendrimeric molecule can change from a hyperbase with a proton affinity of 324.6 kcal mol-1 to a very strong hydride ion acceptor with a hydride affinity of 205.4 kcal mol-1, while possessing the same proton or hydride ion attachment site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nena Radić
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ruđer Bošković Institute , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Zvonimir B Maksić
- Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Group, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Ruđer Bošković Institute , 10000 Zagreb , Croatia
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5
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Mitsudome T, Yamamoto M, Maeno Z, Mizugaki T, Jitsukawa K, Kaneda K. One-step Synthesis of Core-Gold/Shell-Ceria Nanomaterial and Its Catalysis for Highly Selective Semihydrogenation of Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13452-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takato Mitsudome
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Zen Maeno
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Tomoo Mizugaki
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Koichiro Jitsukawa
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kiyotomi Kaneda
- Department of Materials Engineering Science,
Graduate School of Engineering
Science and ‡Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3,
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Abstract
Theoretical scales of reactivity and selectivity are important tools to explain and to predict reactivity patterns, including reaction mechanisms. The main achievement of these efforts has been the incorporation of such concepts in advanced texts of organic chemistry. In this way, the modern organic chemistry language has become more quantitative, making the classification of organic reactions an easier task. The reactivity scales are also useful to set up a number of empirical rules that help in rationalizing and in some cases anticipating the possible reaction mechanisms that can be operative in a given organic reaction. In this review, we intend to give a brief but complete account on this matter, introducing the conceptual basis that leads to the definition of reactivity indices amenable to build up quantitative models of reactivity in organic reactions. The emphasis is put on two basic concepts describing electron-rich and electron-deficient systems, namely, nucleophile and electrophiles. We then show that the regional nucleophilicity and electrophilicity become the natural descriptors of electrofugality and nucleofugality, respectively. In this way, we obtain a closed body of concepts that suffices to describe electron releasing and electron accepting molecules together with the description of permanent and leaving groups in addition, nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions.
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7
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Zhu XQ, Wang CH. Hydride Affinity Scale of Various Substituted Arylcarbeniums in Acetonitrile. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:13244-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp109149x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Campodónico PR, Aizman A, Contreras R. Electrophilicity of quinones and its relationship with hydride affinity. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Maksić ZB, Vianello R. Physical origin of chemical phenomena: Interpretation of acidity, basicity, and hydride affinity by trichotomy paradigm. PURE APPL CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1351/pac200779061003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most important aspects of modeling in chemistry are discussed in detail. It is argued that the interpretive side of (quantum) chemistry is indispensable, since it gives sense to a myriad of experimental and computational results. The usefulness of some physical modeling is illustrated by the trichotomy approach in rationalizing acidity, basicity, and hydride affinities of neutral organic compounds. According to trichotomy paradigm, the simple chemical reaction of protonation and H- attachment can be decomposed into three separate sequential steps, which in turn mirror the initial-, intermediate-, and final-state effects. Ample evidence is given, which convincingly shows that the trichotomy approach has some distinct advantages in interpreting aforementioned properties that belong to the most important ones in chemistry and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir B. Maksić
- 1Faculty of Science, The University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- 2Quantum Organic Chemistry Group, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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