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Sun G, Zheng X, Song Y, Zhou W, Zhang J. Photodissociation dynamics of the ethyl radical via the Ã2A'(3s) state: H-atom product channels and ethylene product vibrational state distribution. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:104306. [PMID: 37694747 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The photodissociation dynamics of jet-cooled ethyl radical (C2H5) via the Ã2A'(3s) states are studied in the wavelength region of 230-260 nm using the high-n Rydberg H-atom time-of-flight (TOF) technique. The H + C2H4 product channels are reexamined using the H-atom TOF spectra and photofragment translational spectroscopy. A prompt H + C2H4(X̃1Ag) product channel is characterized by a repulsive translational energy release, anisotropic product angular distribution, and partially resolved vibrational state distribution of the C2H4(X̃1Ag) product. This fast dissociation is initiated from the 3s Rydberg state and proceeds via a H-bridged configuration directly to the H + C2H4(X̃1Ag) products. A statistical-like H + C2H4(X̃1Ag) product channel via unimolecular dissociation of the hot electronic ground-state ethyl (X̃2A') after internal conversion from the 3s Rydberg state is also examined, showing a modest translational energy release and isotropic angular distribution. An adiabatic H + excited triplet C2H4(ã3B1u) product channel (a minor channel) is identified by energy-dependent product angular distribution, showing a small translational energy release, anisotropic angular distribution, and significant internal excitation in the C2H4(ã3B1u) product. The dissociation times of the different product channels are evaluated using energy-dependent product angular distribution and pump-probe delay measurements. The prompt H + C2H4(X̃1Ag) product channel has a dissociation time scale of <10 ps, and the upper bound of the dissociation time scale of the statistical-like H + C2H4(X̃1Ag) product channel is <5 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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2
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Datta S, Davis HF. Ethylcarbene versus Direct Propene Formation in the Near-UV Photodissociation of Ethylketene. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:450-456. [PMID: 36606694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The competing pathways in the photodissociation of gaseous ethylketene at excitation wavelengths of 320.0, 340.0, and 355.1 nm were studied using photofragment translational energy spectroscopy. The primary dissociation channel was C═C bond fission producing ethylcarbene (CH3CH2CH; also known as propylidene) and CO. Product translational energy distributions are consistent with theoretical predictions that ground state ethylcarbene lies ∼34 kJ/mol higher in energy than its isomer dimethylcarbene (CH3CCH3). A second dissociation channel involved direct formation of propene prior to or concurrent with CO elimination. The measured product branching ratios indicate that the effective potential energy barrier for the direct propene channel lies below the energetic threshold for ethylcarbene formation. A minor C-C bond fission channel was also observed, leading to CH3 + CH2CHCO products. Comparisons are made to the results of our recent studies of methylketene and dimethylketene photodissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Datta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthaca, New York14853-1301, United States
| | - H Floyd Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCornell UniversityIthaca, New York14853-1301, United States
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3
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Datta S, Davis HF. Direct Observation of Ethylidene (CH 3CH), the Elusive High-Energy Isomer of Ethylene. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10476-10481. [PMID: 33270446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite experimental efforts spanning more than 80 years, there has been no direct observation of free ethylidene (CH3CH), the simplest alkyl-substituted carbene. Here, we report that ethylidene is indefinitely stable in the absence of collisions if produced in the triplet ground state at energies below the threshold for intersystem crossing. Near-UV photolysis of gaseous methylketene, or propenal (followed by isomerization to methylketene), leads to CO loss producing triplet ethylidene, which is detected by photoionization mass spectrometry. Electronically excited singlet ethylidene is also produced, rapidly undergoing isomerization by a 1,2-hydrogen atom shift, producing highly vibrationally excited ethylene. The measured product translational energy distributions verify the theoretically calculated enthalpy of formation of triplet ethylidene and are consistent with a singlet-triplet energy gap of approximately 12.5 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Datta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - H Floyd Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853-1301, United States
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4
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Effect of initial γ-irradiation on infrared laser ablation of poly(vinyl alcohol) studied by infrared spectroscopy. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Schindler M. Investigations on the E/Z-isomerism of neonicotinoids. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 35:517-529. [PMID: 32613559 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the minimum-energy path for the rotation of formal C=N double bonds in molecules with guanidine-like substructures as present in the chemical class of neonicotinoids. The transitions between the E- and Z-isomers of several neonicotinoids using scans of the torsional potential energy hypersurfaces are quantified at the DFT-level of theory. The validity of using this ansatz is checked by single-point CCSD(T) calculations for model systems like nitroguanidine. A combined approach of theory and experiment permits to unambiguously identify the relevant isomers present at ambient conditions. As an example, MP2-GIAO predictions of the NMR spectra of E- and Z-Clothianidin are experimentally confirmed by low-temperature NMR-experiments identifying for the first time the hitherto unknown Z-Isomer of Clothianidin.
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6
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Weeraratna C, Amarasinghe C, Joalland B, Suits AG. Ethylene Intersystem Crossing Caught in the Act by Photofragment Sulfur Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1712-1719. [PMID: 31941276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene, C2H4, the simplest π-bonded molecule, is of enormous fundamental and commercial importance. Its lowest triplet state, in which the CH2 moieties occupy perpendicular planes, is well known from theory, but there has been no definitive experimental observation of this species. Here, velocity map imaging of the sulfur atoms in ethylene sulfide (c-C2H4S) photodissociation at 217 nm is used to reveal the internal state distribution of co-product ethylene. While both S (1D) and S (3P) translational energy distributions display three distinct regions that find their origins in singlet and triplet excited states of c-C2H4S, respectively, the S (3P) distribution is dominated by a fourth, low-recoil region. In this region, the distribution is fully isotropic at a recoil of 9 ± 1 kcal/mol, corresponding to the opening of the triplet ethylene channel. Multireference calculations suggest that this photodissociation pathway is mediated by a hot, transient biradical CH2CH2S that strongly favors CH2-hindered rotations in the predissociated complex. This photochemical ring-opening mechanism is invoked to account for the vibrational features observed in this low-recoil region, which are attributed to triplet ethylene relaxing to the torsional saddle point on the ground-state singlet surface. This study thereby gives for the first time the experimental confirmation of an adiabatic singlet-triplet splitting of 66 ± 1 kcal/mol and a torsional barrier height of 64 ± 1 kcal/mol in ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Weeraratna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| | - Chandika Amarasinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
| | - Arthur G Suits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 United States
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7
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Wu JI, Eikema Hommes NJ, Lenoir D, Bachrach SM. The quest for a triplet ground‐state alkene: Highly twisted C═C double bonds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judy I. Wu
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX USA
| | - Nico J.R. Eikema Hommes
- Computer Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Dieter Lenoir
- Helmholtz Center München, Molecular Exposomics Neuherberg Germany
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Rauta AK, Maiti B. Trajectory surface hopping study of propane photodissociation dynamics at 157 nm. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:044308. [PMID: 30068164 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photodissociation dynamics of propane molecules has been studied using the quasiclassical trajectory surface hopping (TSH) method in conjunction with Tully's fewest switches algorithm. The trajectories are propagated on potential energy surfaces computed on-the-fly using the multiconfiguration and multireference ab initio method starting in the lowest excited singlet state (HOMO → 3s Rydberg state) of propane at 157 nm with the emphasis on the site specificity of atomic hydrogen elimination, molecular hydrogen elimination, and their product branching ratios. Our dynamics simulation revealed that there are three primary dissociation channels: the atomic hydrogen elimination, the molecular hydrogen elimination, and the C-C bond scission. The trajectories indicate that the H2 elimination from the internal carbon atom (2,2-H2 elimination) and terminal carbon atom (1,1-H2 elimination) is the major process and follows a three centred synchronous concerted mechanism. 1,2-H2 and 1,3-H2 eliminations on the other hand are minor processes and exclusively follow the roaming mediated nonadiabatic dynamics. The probability of elimination of the hydrogen atom from two terminal groups (terminal hydrogen elimination) is greater than that from the internal CH2 group (internal hydrogen elimination). Almost 83% of atomic hydrogen elimination occurs through the asynchronous concerted mechanism from the terminal carbon atom via triple dissociation leading to CH3 + C2H4 + H products. This finding is in good agreement with a recent experimental observation. The present TSH study indicates that approximately one-third of the trajectories those resulted in a triple dissociation channel, CH3 + C2H4 + H completed in the ground singlet state following a nonadiabatic path (hopping from the first excited singlet S1 to the ground state S0) via the C-C and C-H dissociation coordinate conical intersection S1/S0. The products CH3(1 2A2″) + C2H4(1Ag) + H, obtained are ground state methyl radicals and ground state ethylene. The trajectories those ended in a triple dissociation channel CH3 + C2H4 + H adiabatically in the S1 state lead to CH3(1 2A2″) + C2H4 (1 3B1) + H, where singlet methyl radicals and triplet ethylene are formed in their corresponding lowest electronic state via a spin conserving route. Two channels, CH4 + CH3CH and C2H6 + CH2, are found to have minor contributions. In the case of methane elimination, the trajectories that follow an adiabatic path lead to CH3CH(1 1A″) + CH4,(1 1A1), where ethylidene is in the excited state and methane is in the ground state. Methane elimination via nonadiabatic path leads to CH3CH(11A') + CH4(1 1A1), where both ethylidene and methane are in the ground electronic state. Ethane eliminations follow the adiabatic path leading to C2H6(1 1A1g) + CH2(1 1B1) where ethane is in the ground state and methylene is in the first excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Kumar Rauta
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Biswajit Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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9
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The Impact of Larger Basis Sets and Explicitly Correlated Coupled Cluster Theory on the Feller–Peterson–Dixon Composite Method. ANNUAL REPORTS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.arcc.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Abplanalp MJ, Borsuk A, Jones BM, Kaiser RI. ON THE FORMATION AND ISOMER SPECIFIC DETECTION OF PROPENAL (C2H3CHO) AND CYCLOPROPANONE (c-C3H4O) IN INTERSTELLAR MODEL ICES—A COMBINED FTIR AND REFLECTRON TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/814/1/45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Hudzik JM, Castillo Á, Bozzelli JW. Bond Energies and Thermochemical Properties of Ring-Opened Diradicals and Carbenes of exo-Tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decane. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9857-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Hudzik
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Álvaro Castillo
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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12
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Savee JD, Borkar S, Welz O, Sztáray B, Taatjes CA, Osborn DL. Multiplexed Photoionization Mass Spectrometry Investigation of the O(3P) + Propyne Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:7388-403. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John D. Savee
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - Sampada Borkar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Oliver Welz
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - Bálint Sztáray
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Craig A. Taatjes
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - David L. Osborn
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
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13
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Ruscic B. Active Thermochemical Tables: Sequential Bond Dissociation Enthalpies of Methane, Ethane, and Methanol and the Related Thermochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:7810-37. [PMID: 25760799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) thermochemistry for the sequential bond dissociations of methane, ethane, and methanol systems were obtained by analyzing and solving a very large thermochemical network (TN). Values for all possible C-H, C-C, C-O, and O-H bond dissociation enthalpies at 298.15 K (BDE298) and bond dissociation energies at 0 K (D0) are presented. The corresponding ATcT standard gas-phase enthalpies of formation of the resulting CHn, n = 4-0 species (methane, methyl, methylene, methylidyne, and carbon atom), C2Hn, n = 6-0 species (ethane, ethyl, ethylene, ethylidene, vinyl, ethylidyne, acetylene, vinylidene, ethynyl, and ethynylene), and COHn, n = 4-0 species (methanol, hydroxymethyl, methoxy, formaldehyde, hydroxymethylene, formyl, isoformyl, and carbon monoxide) are also presented. The ATcT thermochemistry of carbon dioxide, water, hydroxyl, and carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms is also included, together with the sequential BDEs of CO2 and H2O. The provenances of the ATcT enthalpies of formation, which are quite distributed and involve a large number of relevant determinations, are analyzed by variance decomposition and discussed in terms of principal contributions. The underlying reasons for periodic appearances of remarkably low and/or unusually high BDEs, alternating along the dissociation sequences, are analyzed and quantitatively rationalized. The present ATcT results are the most accurate thermochemical values currently available for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branko Ruscic
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States.,Computation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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14
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Bondarchuk SV, Minaev BF. Thermally accessible triplet state of π-nucleophiles does exist. Evidence from first principles study of ethylene interaction with copper species. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12422g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different models of ethylene interaction with copper species, namely, the Cu(100) surface, odd-numbered copper clusters C2H4/Cun (where n = 3, 7, 11, 15, 17, 19, 21, 25 and 27) and atomic copper C2H4/Cu were studied theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Bondarchuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Bogdan Khmelnitsky Cherkasy National University
- 18031 Cherkasy
- Ukraine
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Bogdan Khmelnitsky Cherkasy National University
- 18031 Cherkasy
- Ukraine
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biochemistry
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15
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Sriyarathne HDM, Thenna-Hewa KRS, Scott T, Gudmundsdottir AD. Formation and Direct Detection of Non-Conjugated Triplet 1,2-Biradical from β,γ-Vinylarylketone. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch15401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Laser flash photolysis of 2-methyl-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-one (1) conducted at irradiation wavelengths of 266 and 308 nm results in the formation of triplet 1,2-biradical 2 that has λmax at 370 and 480 nm. Biradical 2 is formed with a rate constant of 1.1 × 107 s–1 and decays with a rate constant of 2.3 × 105 s–1. Isoprene-quenching studies support the notion that biradical 2 is formed by energy transfer from the triplet-excited state of the ketone chromophore of 1. Density functional theory calculations were used to verify the characterization of triplet biradical 2 and validate the mechanism for its formation. Thus, it has been demonstrated that intramolecular sensitization of simple alkenes can be used to form triplet 1,2-biradicals with the two radical centres localized on the adjacent carbon atoms.
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16
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Feller D, Peterson KA, Davidson ER. A systematic approach to vertically excited states of ethylene using configuration interaction and coupled cluster techniques. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:104302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4894482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Wang X, Turner WE, Agarwal J, Schaefer HF. Twisted Triplet Ethylene: Anharmonic Frequencies and Spectroscopic Parameters for C2H4, C2D4, and 13C2H4. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7560-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp502282v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Walter E. Turner
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Abstract
This article emphasizes two underappreciated aspects of hyperconjugation in hydrocarbons, two-way hyperconjugation and hyperconjugation in tight spaces. Nonplanar polyenes [e.g., cyclooctatetraene (D2d), biphenyl (D2), styrene (C1)], the nonplanar rotational transition states (TSs) of planar polyenes (e.g., perpendicular 1,3-butadiene), as well as the larger nonplanar Hückel or Möbius annulenes, are stabilized by effective σ-electron delocalization (involving either the C–C or C–H bonds) via two-way hyperconjugation. The collective consequence of two-way hyperconjugation in molecules can be nearly as stabilizing as π-conjugation effects in planar polyenes. Reexamination of the σ- vs. π-bond strength of ethylene results in surprising counterintuitive insights. Strained rings and cages (e.g., cyclopropane and tetrahedrane derivatives, the cubyl cation, etc.) can foster unexpectedly large hyperconjugation stabilizations due to their highly deformed ring angles. The thermochemical stabilities of these species rely on a fine balance between their opposing destabilizing geometrical features and stabilizing hyperconjugative effects in tight spaces (adjustable via substituent effects). We hope to help dispel chemists’ prejudice in viewing hyperconjugation as merely a “mild” effect with unimportant consequences for interpreting the structures and energies of molecules.
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19
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Kanawati B, Genest A, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Lenoir D. Bis-dibenzo[a.i]fluorenylidene, does it exist as stable 1,2-diradical? J Mol Model 2012; 18:5089-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Barborini M, Sorella S, Guidoni L. Structural Optimization by Quantum Monte Carlo: Investigating the Low-Lying Excited States of Ethylene. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:1260-1269. [PMID: 24634617 PMCID: PMC3952241 DOI: 10.1021/ct200724q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We present full structural optimizations of the ground state and of the low lying triplet state of the ethylene molecule by means of Quantum Monte Carlo methods. Using the efficient structural optimization method based on renormalization techniques and on adjoint differentiation algorithms recently proposed [Sorella, S.; Capriotti, L. J. Chem. Phys.2010, 133, 234111], we present the variational convergence of both wave function parameters and atomic positions. All of the calculations were done using an accurate and compact wave function based on Pauling's resonating valence bond representation: the Jastrow Antisymmetrized Geminal Power (JAGP). All structural and wave function parameters are optimized, including coefficients and exponents of the Gaussian primitives of the AGP and the Jastrow atomic orbitals. Bond lengths and bond angles are calculated with a statistical error of about 0.1% and are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The Variational and Diffusion Monte Carlo calculations estimate vertical and adiabatic excitation energies in the ranges 4.623(10)-4.688(5) eV and 3.001(5)-3.091(5) eV, respectively. The adiabatic gap, which is in line with other correlated quantum chemistry methods, is slightly higher than the value estimated by recent photodissociation experiments. Our results demonstrate how Quantum Monte Carlo calculations have become a promising and computationally affordable tool for the structural optimization of correlated molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Barborini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli studi dell’Aquila, Località Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sandro Sorella
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA) and Democritos National Simulation Center, Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli studi dell’Aquila, Località Campo di Pile, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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21
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Varras PC, Zarkadis AK. Ground- and triplet excited-state properties correlation: a computational CASSCF/CASPT2 approach based on the photodissociation of allylsilanes. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1425-34. [PMID: 22208892 DOI: 10.1021/jp209583z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state properties, although extremely useful, are hardly accessible. One indirect way would be to derive them from relationships to ground-state properties which are usually more readily available. Herewith, we present quantitative correlations between triplet excited-state (T₁) properties (bond dissociation energy, D₀(T₁), homolytic activation energy, E(a)(T₁), and rate constant, k(r)) and the ground-state bond dissociation energy (D₀), taking as an example the photodissociation of the C-Si bond of simple substituted allylsilanes CH₂=CHC(R¹R²)-SiH₃ (R¹ and R² = H, Me, and Et). By applying the complete-active-space self-consistent field CASSCF(6,6) and CASPT2(6,6) quantum chemical methodologies, we have found that the consecutive introduction of Me/Et groups has little effect on the geometry and energy of the T₁ state; however, it reduces the magnitudes of D₀, D₀(T₁) and E(a)(T₁). Moreover, these energetic parameters have been plotted giving good linear correlations: D₀(T₁) = α₁ + β₁ · D₀, E(a)(T₁) = α₂ + β₂ · D₀(T₁), and E(a)(T₁) = α₃ + β₃ · D₀ (α and β being constants), while k(r) correlates very well to E(a)(T₁). The key factor behind these useful correlations is the validity of the Evans-Polanyi-Semenov relation (second equation) and its extended form (third equation) applied for excited systems. Additionally, the unexpectedly high values obtained for E(a)(T₁) demonstrate a new application of the principle of nonperfect synchronization (PNS) in excited-state chemistry issues.
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Ge Y, Cameron Shore T. Theoretical calculations on the hydrogen elimination of ethene with chemical accuracy. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Matus MH, Liu SY, Dixon DA. Dehydrogenation reactions of cyclic C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12) and C(4)BNH(12) isomers. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:2644-54. [PMID: 20112904 DOI: 10.1021/jp9102838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The energetics for different dehydrogenation pathways of C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12) and C(4)BNH(12) cycles were calculated at the B3LYP/DGDZVP2 and G3(MP2) levels with additional calculations at the CCSD(T)/complete basis set level. The heats of formation of the different isomers were calculated from the G3(MP2) relative energies and the heats of formation of the most stable isomers of c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(6), c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12), and c-C(4)BNH(12) at the CCSD(T)/CBS including additional corrections together with the previously reported value for c-C(4)BNH(6). Different isomers were analyzed for c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(x) and c-C(4)BNH(x) (x = 6 and 12), and the most stable cyclic structures were those with C-C-B-N-B-N and C-C-C-C-B-N sequences, respectively. The energetics for the stepwise loss of three H(2) were predicted, and the most feasible thermodynamic pathways were found. Dehydrogenation of the lowest energy c-C(2)B(2)N(2)H(12) isomer (6-H(12)) is almost thermoneutral with DeltaH(3dehydro) = 3.4 kcal/mol at the CCSD(T)/CBS level and -0.6 kcal/mol at the G3(MP2) level at 298 K. Dehydrogenation of the lowest energy c-C(4)BNH(12) isomer (7-H(12)) is endothermic with DeltaH(3dehydro) = 27.9 kcal/mol at the CCSD(T)/CBS level and 23.5 kcal/mol at the G3(MP2) level at 298 K. Dehydrogenation across the B-N bond is more favorable as opposed to dehydrogenation across the B-C, N-C, and C-C bonds. Resonance stabilization energies in relation to that of benzene are reported as are NICS NMR chemical shifts for correlating with the potential aromatic character of the rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna H Matus
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, USA
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Christe KO, Dixon DA, Grant DJ, Haiges R, Tham FS, Vij A, Vij V, Wang TH, Wilson WW. Dinitrogen Difluoride Chemistry. Improved Syntheses of cis- and trans-N2F2, Synthesis and Characterization of N2F+Sn2F9−, Ordered Crystal Structure of N2F+Sb2F11−, High-Level Electronic Structure Calculations of cis-N2F2, trans-N2F2, F2N═N, and N2F+, and Mechanism of the trans−cis Isomerization of N2F2. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:6823-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100471s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl O. Christe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
| | - Daniel J. Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Fook S. Tham
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Ashwani Vij
- Space and Missile Propulsion Division, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/RZS), Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524
| | - Vandana Vij
- Space and Missile Propulsion Division, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/RZS), Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524
| | - Tsang-Hsiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336
| | - William W. Wilson
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
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Anderson AG, Goddard WA. Generalized valence bond wave functions in quantum Monte Carlo. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:164110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3377091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Grant DJ, Matus MH, Anderson KD, Camaioni DM, Neufeldt SR, Lane CF, Dixon DA. Thermochemistry for the Dehydrogenation of Methyl-Substituted Ammonia Borane Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:6121-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902196d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Grant
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - Myrna H. Matus
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - Kevin D. Anderson
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - Donald M. Camaioni
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - Sharon R. Neufeldt
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - Clinton F. Lane
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
| | - David A. Dixon
- Chemistry Department, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Veracruzana, México, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, South Beaver Street, Building 20, Room 125, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5698
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Atomization energies from coupled-cluster calculations augmented with explicitly-correlated perturbation theory. Chem Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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