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The dubious origin of beryllium toxicity. Struct Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-023-02130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
AbstractFour mechanisms have been proposed in the literature to explain beryllium toxicity; they can be divided in two groups of two mechanisms: (i) replacement type: models 1 and 2; (ii) addition type: models 3 and 4. At this moment is not possible to select the best model not even to establish if one of these models will be the ultimate mechanism of beryllium toxicity. However, it is important to know the still open discussion about something so important associated with one of the simplest elements of the periodic table.
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2
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Çevirim-Papaioannou N, Androniuk I, Han S, Mouheb NA, Gaboreau S, Um W, Gaona X, Altmaier M. Sorption of beryllium in cementitious systems relevant for nuclear waste disposal: Quantitative description and mechanistic understanding. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131094. [PMID: 34470157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Beryllium has applications in fission and fusion reactors, and it is present in specific streams of radioactive waste. Accordingly, the environmental mobility of beryllium needs to be assessed in the context of repositories for nuclear waste. Although cement is widely used in these facilities, Be(II) uptake by cementitious materials was not previously investigated and was hence assumed negligible. Sorption experiments were performed under Ar-atmosphere. Ordinary Portland cement, low pH cement, calcium silicate hydrated (C-S-H) phases and the model system TiO2 were investigated. Sorption kinetics, sorption isotherms and distribution ratios (Rd, in kg⋅L-1) were determined for these systems. Molecular dynamics were used to characterize the surface processes driving Be(II) uptake. A strong uptake (5 ≤ log Rd ≤ 7) is quantified for all investigated cementitious systems. Linear sorption isotherms are observed over three orders of magnitude in [Be(II)]aq, confirming that the uptake is controlled by sorption processes and that solubility phenomena is not relevant within the investigated conditions. The analogous behaviour observed for cement and C-S-H support that the latter are the main sink of beryllium. The two step sorption kinetics is explained by a fast surface complexation process, followed by the slow incorporation of Be(II) in C-S-H. Molecular dynamics indicate that Be(OH)3- and Be(OH)42- are sorbed to the C-S-H surface through Ca-bridges. This work provides a comprehensive quantitative and mechanistic description of Be(II) uptake by cementitious materials, whose retention properties can be now reliably assessed for a wide range of boundary conditions of relevance in nuclear waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Çevirim-Papaioannou
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - I Androniuk
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S Han
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - N Ait Mouheb
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S Gaboreau
- BRGM Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, Orleans, France
| | - W Um
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - X Gaona
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - M Altmaier
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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Beryllium-Ion-Selective PEDOT Solid Contact Electrode Based on 9,10-Dinitrobenzo-9-Crown-3-Ether. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20216375. [PMID: 33182260 PMCID: PMC7664937 DOI: 10.3390/s20216375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A beryllium(II)-ion-selective poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) solid contact electrode comprising 9,10-dinitrobenzo-9-crown-3-ether was successfully developed. The all-solid-state contact electrode, with an oxygen-containing cation-sensing membrane combined with an electropolymerized PEDOT layer, exhibited the best response characteristics. The performance of the constructed electrode was evaluated and optimized using potentiometry, conductance measurements, constant-current chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under optimized conditions, which were found for an ion-selective membrane (ISM) composition of 3% ionophore, 30% polyvinylchloride (PVC), 64% o-nitro phenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE), and 3% sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), the fabricated electrode exhibited a good performance over a wide concentration range (10-2.5-10-7.0 M) and a wide pH range of 2.0-9.0, with a Nernstian slope of 29.5 mV/D for the beryllium (II) ion and a detection limit as low as 10-7.0 M. The developed electrode shows good selectivity for the beryllium(II) ion over alkali, alkaline earth, transition, and heavy metal ions.
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Ermakov YA, Kamaraju K, Dunina-Barkovskaya A, Vishnyakova KS, Yegorov YE, Anishkin A, Sukharev S. High-Affinity Interactions of Beryllium(2+) with Phosphatidylserine Result in a Cross-Linking Effect Reducing Surface Recognition of the Lipid. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5457-5470. [PMID: 28872302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Beryllium has multiple industrial applications, but its manufacture is associated with a serious occupational risk of developing chronic inflammation in the lungs known as berylliosis, or chronic beryllium disease. Although the Be2+-induced abnormal immune responses have recently been linked to a specific MHC-II allele, the nature of long-lasting granulomas is not fully understood. Here we show that Be2+ binds with a micromolar affinity to phosphatidylserine (PS), the major surface marker of apoptotic cells. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicates that, like that of Ca2+, binding of Be2+ to PS liposomes is largely entropically driven, likely by massive desolvation. Be2+ exerts a compacting effect on PS monolayers, suggesting cross-linking through coordination by both phosphates and carboxyls in multiple configurations, which were visualized in molecular dynamics simulations. Electrostatic modification of PS membranes by Be2+ includes complete neutralization of surface charges at ∼30 μM, accompanied by an increase in the boundary dipole potential. The data suggest that Be2+ can displace Ca2+ from the surface of PS, and being coordinated in a tight shell of four oxygens, it can mask headgroups from Ca2+-mediated recognition by PS receptors. Indeed, 48 μM Be2+ added to IC-21 cultured macrophages specifically suppresses binding and engulfment of PS-coated silica beads or aged erythrocytes. We propose that Be2+ adsorption at the surface of apoptotic cells may potentially prevent normal phagocytosis, thus causing accumulation of secondary necrotic foci and the resulting chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri A Ermakov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 31, Moscow 117071, Russia
| | - Kishore Kamaraju
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | | | - Khava S Vishnyakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilov Street 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yegor E Yegorov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilov Street 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sergei Sukharev
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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5
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Winter ND. Many-Body Potentials for Aqueous Be 2+ Derived from ab Initio Calculations. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12371-12378. [PMID: 27934227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An effective three-body potential for the aqueous Be2+ ion has been constructed from a large number of high-level ab initio cluster calculations. The new potential was validated in subsequent molecular dynamics simulations of both gas phase ion-water clusters and bulk liquid. The structures of the first and second solvation shells were studied using radial distribution functions and angular distribution functions. The vibrational spectrum of Be2+ and first shell waters was examined by computing power spectra from the molecular dynamics simulations. The observed bands showed reasonable agreement with experimental spectroscopic frequencies. The potential of mean force for water exchange between the first and second solvation shells was calculated and the energy barrier for exchange was found to have improved agreement with experiment relative to two-body force fields. Examination of the solvation structure near the transition state yielded results consistent with an associative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas D Winter
- Physical Sciences Department, Dominican University , River Forest, Illinois 60305, United States
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Montero-Campillo MM, Lamsabhi AM, Mó O, Yáñez M. Photochemical Behavior of Beryllium Complexes with Subporphyrazines and Subphthalocyanines. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4845-52. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Merced Montero-Campillo
- Departamento de Química,
Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de
Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Al Mokhtar Lamsabhi
- Departamento de Química,
Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de
Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Otilia Mó
- Departamento de Química,
Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de
Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Departamento de Química,
Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de
Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)
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Albrecht L, Boyd RJ, Mó O, Yáñez M. Cooperativity between hydrogen bonds and beryllium bonds in (H2O)(n)BeX2 (n = 1-3, X = H, F) complexes. A new perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14540-7. [PMID: 23014263 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42534c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of BeX(2) (X = H, F) with water molecules has been analyzed at the B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. The formation of strong beryllium bonds between water molecules and the BeX(2) derivative triggers significant electron density redistribution within the whole system, resulting in significant changes in the proton donor and proton acceptor capacity of the water molecules involved. Hence, significant cooperative and anti-cooperative effects are present, explaining why there is no case in which the global minimum corresponds to a tetracoordinated beryllium atom. In fact, the most stable clusters can be viewed as the result of the attachment of BeX(2) to the water trimer and the water dimer, respectively, and not as the result of the solvation of the BeX(2) molecule. We have also shown that the decomposition of the interaction energy into atomic components is a reliable quantitative tool to describe all the closed-shell interactions present in the clusters investigated herein, namely hydrogen bonds, beryllium bonds and dihydrogen bonds. Indeed, we have shown that the changes in the atomic energy components are correlated with the changes in the strength of these interactions, and they provide a quantitative measure of cooperative effects directly in terms of energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Mó O, Yáñez M, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Modulating the Strength of Hydrogen Bonds through Beryllium Bonds. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:2293-300. [PMID: 26588962 DOI: 10.1021/ct300243b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mutual influence between beryllium bonds and inter- or intramolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) has been investigated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p) level of theory, using the complexes between imidazole dimer and malonaldehyde with BeH2 and BeF2 as suitable model systems. Imidazole and its dimer form very strong beryllium bonds with both BeH2 and BeF2, accompanied by a significant geometry distortion of the Lewis acid. More importantly, we have found a clear cooperativity between these two noncovalent interactions, since the intermolecular HB between the two imidazole molecules in the dimer-BeX2 complex becomes much stronger than in the isolated dimer, whereas the beryllium bond becomes also stronger in the dimer-BeX2 complex, with respect to that found in the imidazole-BeX2 complex. The effects of beryllium bonds are also dramatic on the strength of intramolecular HBs. Depending on to which center the BeX2 is attached, the intramolecular HB becomes much stronger or much weaker. The first situation is found when the beryllium derivative is attached to the HB donor, whereas the second occurs if it is attached to the HB acceptor. The first effect can be so strong as to produce a spontaneous proton transfer, as it is actually the case of the malonaldehyde-BeF2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Mó
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Yáñez
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
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Peng RP, Chen B, Ji HF, Wu LZ, Tung CH. Highly sensitive and selective detection of beryllium ions using a microcantilever modified with benzo-9-crown-3 doped hydrogel. Analyst 2012; 137:1220-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an15950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Puchta R, Pasgreta E, van Eldik R. Ligand exchange processes on the smallest solvated alkali and alkaline earth metal cations: An experimental and theoretical approach. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(09)00209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Scott BL, McCleskey TM, Chaudhary A, Hong-Geller E, Gnanakaran S. The bioinorganic chemistry and associated immunology of chronic beryllium disease. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:2837-47. [PMID: 18566702 PMCID: PMC4793722 DOI: 10.1039/b718746g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a debilitating, incurable, and often fatal disease that is caused by the inhalation of beryllium particulates. The growing use of beryllium in the modern world, in products ranging from computers to dental prosthetics (390 tons of beryllium in the US in the year 2000) necessitates a molecular based understanding of the disease in order to prevent and cure CBD. We have investigated the molecular basis of CBD at Los Alamos National Laboratory during the past six years, employing a multidisciplinary approach of bioinorganic chemistry and immunology. The results of this work, including speciation, inhalation and dissolution, and immunology will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L. Scott
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
| | - T. Mark McCleskey
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
| | - Anu Chaudhary
- Biosciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - S. Gnanakaran
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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