1
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Qu Y, Wang T, Yuan C, Wu H, Gao L, Huang C, Li Y, Li M, Xie M. The underlying mechanisms of PM 2.5 and O 3 synergistic pollution in East China: Photochemical and heterogeneous interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162434. [PMID: 36841413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of Chinese cities is accompanied by air pollution. Although the implementation of air pollution control strategies in recent years has alleviated PM2.5 pollution, O3 pollution and the synergistic pollution of PM2.5 and O3 have become more serious. To understand the underlying chemical interaction mechanisms between PM2.5 and O3, we applied the modified Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to study the effects of aerosol-photolysis feedback and heterogeneous reactions on the two pollutants and revealed the contribution of different mechanisms in different seasons and regions in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in eastern China. We found that, through the aerosol-photolysis feedback, PM2.5 decreased the surface photolysis rates JNO2 and JO1D, resulting in a decrease in O3 concentration in the VOC-sensitive area and a slight increase in the NOx-sensitive area. The heterogeneous reactions reduced O3 concentration in the YRD in spring, autumn and winter by consuming HxOy. While in summer, the heterogeneous absorption of NOx decreased O3 in the NOx-sensitive areas and increased O3 in the VOC-sensitive areas. Heterogeneous reactions also promoted the secondary formation of fine sulfate and nitrate aerosols, especially in winter. Through the combined effect of two chemical processes, PM2.5 can lead to a decrease in O3 concentration of -3.3 ppb (-7.6 %), -2.2 ppb (-4.0 %), -2.9 ppb (-6.3 %), and - 5.9 ppb (-18.7 %), in spring, summer, autumn and winter in YRD. Therefore, if the PM2.5 concentration decreases, the weakening effect of PM2.5 on the ozone concentration will be reduced, resulting in the aggravation of ozone pollution. This study is important for understanding the synergistic pollution mechanism and provides a scientific basis for the coordinated control of urban air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Qu
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China; Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME), Ministry of Education & Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Tijian Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME), Ministry of Education & Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Emergency Management College, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing 210041, China.
| | - Libo Gao
- Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory, Nanjing 210041, China.
| | - Congwu Huang
- Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yasong Li
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mengmeng Li
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Min Xie
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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2
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Tian R, Ma X, Sha T, Pan X, Wang Z. Exploring dust heterogeneous chemistry over China: Insights from field observation and GEOS-Chem simulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149307. [PMID: 34375256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dust heterogeneous chemistry plays an important role in tropospheric chemistry, but its parameterization in numerical models is often quite simplified, which hampers accurate prediction of particulate matter and its chemical component. In this study, we investigate the evolution of dust heterogeneous chemical process and its potential impacts on gaseous and aerosol components during a dust pollution episode from March 27 to April 2, 2015 over North China. Based on field measurements, the significant role of relative humidity (RH) in dust heterogeneous chemistry is found and a RH-dependent parameterization for uptake coefficients of HNO3 and SO2 is incorporated in GEOS-Chem to reproduce the dust heterogeneous chemical process. During the study period, observed dust sulfate (DSO4) and dust nitrate (DNIT) exhibit maximum concentrations of 9.1 and 22.8 μg m-3 respectively, accompanied by high RH and gaseous precursor concentrations. DSO4 concentrations are positively related to RH. The observed dust sulfate oxidation ratio (DSOR) is elevated evidently with increased RH, especially when RH is higher than ~40%, implying that enhanced RH could promote heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 to DSO4. Model simulation shows that when incorporating the RH-dependent parameterization, DNIT and DSO4 are generally well captured and the model performance of total sulfate oxidation ratio (TSOR) and total nitrate oxidation ratio (TNOR) are improved. High contribution of DNIT and DSO4 are found to be located over the regions close to source areas (>60%) and downwind regions (>40%), respectively. Sensitivity results show that SO2 and HNO3 reduce by 2-24 μg m-3 and 1-18 μg m-3 when considering dust heterogeneous impacts, thus leading to reduction in non-dust sulfate and non-dust nitrate concentrations. As a result, simulated NH3 increases and ammonium reduces by more than 20%. Our study indicates that the contribution of heterogeneous reactions to sulfate formation is 20-30% over North China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Tong Sha
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiaole Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100029, China
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3
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Abstract
Airborne particles are very dynamic and highly reactive components of the Earth's atmosphere. Their high surface area and water content provide a unique reaction environment for multiphase chemistry that continually modifies particle composition and properties that consequently impact air quality as well as concentrations of gas-phase species. By absorbing and scattering solar and terrestrial radiation, particles directly influence the planet's radiative balance. Their indirect effects include modifying the nucleation, lifetime, and physical properties of clouds. Due to the sensitivity of the atmospheric environment to all these variables, fundamental studies of chemical transformations of atmospheric particles, their sources, continuously evolving composition, and physical properties are of highest research priority. Accurate descriptions of particles and their effects in the atmosphere require comprehensive information not only on the particle-type populations and their size distributions and concentrations, but also on the diversity and the spatial heterogeneity of chemical components within individual particles. Developments and applications of modern chemical imaging approaches for off-line characterization of atmospheric particles have been at the forefront of modern experimental studies and have resulted in a transformative impact in atmospheric chemistry and physics. This Account presents a synopsis of recent advances in chemical imaging of atmospheric particles collected on substrates during field and laboratory experiments. The unique advantage of chemical imaging methods is that they simultaneously provide two analytical measurements: imaging of particles to assess variability in their individual sizes and morphology, as well as particle-specific speciation of their composition and spatial heterogeneity of different chemical components within individual particles. We also highlight analytical chemistry approaches that enable chemical imaging of particles with different levels of elemental and molecular specificity, including applications of multimodal methodologies where the same or similar groups of particles are probed by two or more complementary techniques. These approaches provide unique experimental insights on the nature and sources of particles, understanding their physical properties, atmospheric reactivity, and transformations. Chemical imaging data provide unique experimental input for atmospheric models that simulate aging and changes in particle-type populations, internal composition, and their associated optical and cloud forming properties. We highlight applications of chemical imaging in selected recent studies, discuss their existing limitations, and forecast future research directions for this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ryan C. Moffet
- Meteorology and Air Quality Measurements, Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, California 94954, United States
| | - Mary K. Gilles
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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4
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Hu H, Zhang Q, Yuan W, Li Z, Zhao Y, Gu W. Efficient Pb removal through the formations of (basic) carbonate precipitates from different sources during wet stirred ball milling with CaCO 3. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:53-59. [PMID: 30739853 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) may be used for lead removal. However, due to compact structure and high crystallinity of CaCO3, the utilization of CO32- is low and Pb removal only stays at the extent of physical adsorption and surface precipitation. In this research, a wet stirred ball milling process was introduced to induce nearly stoichiometric reactions between lead salts of nitrate, chloride or sulfate with CaCO3 by consequently updating fresh surfaces of CaCO3. The CaCO3 could completely dissolve in the system for the removal of Pb2+ on the same chemical molar equivalent. The removal rate reached simply over 99% with the aid of ball milling, based on the precipitations in the forms of lead carbonate (PbCO3) from soluble nitrate and basic lead carbonate (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2) from the hardly soluble sulfate occurring in a very wide concentration range. The process offered a new path for the treatment of abandoned lead paste based on the conversion of PbSO4 to PbCO3 or Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 as well as recycling of lead resources from multi-metal coexisting lead-containing waste solutions. These (basic) carbonates precipitates may be used as secondary resources, while achieving environmental purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenyi Yuan
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, 201209 Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhao Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Weijian Gu
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China
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5
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Tan F, Jing B, Tong S, Ge M. The effects of coexisting Na 2SO 4 on heterogeneous uptake of NO 2 on CaCO 3 particles at various RHs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:930-938. [PMID: 28215800 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particles can undergo nucleation, coagulation, chemical-aging, dissolution-precipitation or other atmospheric processes, resulting in complex multicomponent aerosols. The coexisting species have potentially important consequences in the heterogeneous reactions of multicomponent aerosol particles with polluted gases, which are still poorly understood. The effect of coexisting Na2SO4 on heterogeneous uptake of NO2 on CaCO3 particles is investigated in a broad RH range. The combination of DRIFTS, Raman, SEM and IC provides qualitative and quantitative information about the formation of nitrate and other surface species. Ca(NO3)2 and NaNO3 are generated on mixed CaCO3-Na2SO4 particles under dry condition. Both the amount of NO3- formed and the NO3- formation rates for the mixtures can be predicted based on the linear addition of those for pure CaCO3 and Na2SO4 particles under dry condition. The further reaction of Ca(NO3)2 with Na2SO4 could lead to the formation of crystal NaNO3 and CaSO4·0.5H2O at 30% RH. Coagulation between Ca2+ and SO42- in surface adsorbed water is observed after part conversion of CaCO3 to Ca(NO3)2, resulting in the formation of CaSO4·2H2O at 80% RH. The amount of NO3- formed on the mixtures is dramatically enhanced relative to the predictions at 30% and 80% RH. The findings presented here highlight the role of coexisting species in the heterogeneous reactions of trace gases with multicomponent aerosols due to the complexity of atmospheric particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment (CEUAE), Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
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6
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Tang M, Cziczo DJ, Grassian VH. Interactions of Water with Mineral Dust Aerosol: Water Adsorption, Hygroscopicity, Cloud Condensation, and Ice Nucleation. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4205-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Daniel J. Cziczo
- Department
of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Nanoengineering and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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7
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Romanías MN, Ourrad H, Thévenet F, Riffault V. Investigating the Heterogeneous Interaction of VOCs with Natural Atmospheric Particles: Adsorption of Limonene and Toluene on Saharan Mineral Dusts. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1197-212. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis N. Romanías
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Habib Ourrad
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Thévenet
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Véronique Riffault
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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8
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Tang MJ, Whitehead J, Davidson NM, Pope FD, Alfarra MR, McFiggans G, Kalberer M. Cloud condensation nucleation activities of calcium carbonate and its atmospheric ageing products. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:32194-203. [PMID: 26578034 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aerosol particles can serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) to form cloud droplets, and its composition is a main factor governing whether an aerosol particle is an effective CCN. Pure mineral dust particles are poor CCN; however, changes in chemical composition of mineral dust aerosol particles, due to heterogeneous reactions with reactive trace gases in the troposphere, can modify their CCN properties. In this study we investigated the CCN activities of CaCO3 (as a surrogate for mineral dust) and its six atmospheric ageing products: Ca(NO3)2, CaCl2, CaSO4, Ca(CH3SO3)2, Ca(HCOO)2, and Ca(CH3COO)2. CaCO3 has a very low CCN activity with a hygroscopicity parameter (κ) of 0.001-0.003. The CCN activities of its potential atmospheric ageing products are significantly higher. For example, we determined that Ca(NO3)2, CaCl2 and Ca(HCOO)2 have κ values of ∼0.50, similar to that of (NH4)2SO4. Ca(CH3COO)2 has slightly lower CCN activity with a κ value of ∼0.40, and the κ value of CaSO4 is around 0.02. We further show that exposure of CaCO3 particles to N2O5 at 0% relative humidity (RH) significantly enhances their CCN activity, with κ values increasing to around 0.02-0.04. Within the experimental uncertainties, it appears that the variation in exposure to N2O5 from ∼550 to 15,000 ppbv s does not change the CCN activities of aged CaCO3 particles. This observation indicates that the CaCO3 surface may be already saturated at the shortest exposure. We also discussed the atmospheric implications of our study, and suggested that the rate of change in CCN activities of mineral dust particles in the troposphere is important to determine their roles in cloud formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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9
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Zhang R, Wang G, Guo S, Zamora ML, Ying Q, Lin Y, Wang W, Hu M, Wang Y. Formation of urban fine particulate matter. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3803-55. [PMID: 25942499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Zhang
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Song Guo
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Min Hu
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- #Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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10
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Na C, Tang Y, Wang H, Martin ST. Opposing effects of humidity on rhodochrosite surface oxidation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2366-2371. [PMID: 25656732 DOI: 10.1021/la504465y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rhodochrosite (MnCO3) is a model mineral representing carbonate aerosol particles containing redox-active elements that can influence particle surface reconstruction in humid air, thereby affecting the heterogeneous transformation of important atmospheric constituents such as nitric oxides, sulfur dioxides, and organic acids. Using in situ atomic force microscopy, we show that the surface reconstruction of rhodochrosite in humid oxygen leads to the formation and growth of oxide nanostructures. The oxidative reconstruction consists of two consecutive processes with distinctive time scales, including a long waiting period corresponding to slow nucleation and a rapid expansion phase corresponding to fast growth. By varying the relative humidity from 55 to 78%, we further show that increasing humidity has opposing effects on the two processes, accelerating nucleation from 2.8(±0.2) × 10(-3) to 3.0(±0.2) × 10(-2) h(-1) but decelerating growth from 7.5(±0.3) × 10(-3) to 3.1(±0.1) × 10(-3) μm(2) h(-1). Through quantitative analysis, we propose that nanostructure nucleation is controlled by rhodochrosite surface dissolution, similar to the dissolution-precipitation mechanism proposed for carbonate mineral surface reconstruction in aqueous solution. To explain nanostructure growth in humid oxygen, a new Cabrera-Mott mechanism involving electron tunneling and solid-state diffusion is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzheng Na
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame , 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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11
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Zeng G, Kelley J, Kish JD, Liu Y. Temperature-dependent deliquescent and efflorescent properties of methanesulfonate sodium studied by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:583-91. [PMID: 24387240 DOI: 10.1021/jp405896y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Modeling of aerosols and cloud formation processes in the marine boundary layer (MBL) require extensive data on hygroscopic properties of relevant methanesulfonate particles, which are currently scarce. In this work, methanesulfonate sodium (CH3SO3Na, MSA-Na), the most abundant methanesulfonate salt, was selected, and its deliquescent and efflorescent properties at temperatures relevant to the lower troposphere were studied using an ATR-FTIR flow system. To validate the approach, we investigated hygroscopic properties of NaCl particles, and our measured deliquescent relative humidity (DRH) and efflorescent relative humidity (ERH) of the NaCl particles obtained from the changes in integrated absorbance of water peaks in infrared spectra agreed with literature data well. We then reported DRH and ERH of MSA-Na particles as a function of temperature for the first time using both the changes in integrated absorbance of water peaks and the changes in peak position and shape of CH3SO3(-) symmetric and asymmetric vibrational modes. Our experiments showed that MSA-Na particles present quite different temperature-dependent hygroscopic behaviors from NaCl. Both the DRH and ERH of MSA-Na particles increase with decreasing temperatures. Due to the significant differences in temperature-dependent DRH and ERH, NaCl particles, if processed in MBL by methanesulfonic acid, are expected to deliquesce slightly earlier during a hydration process but effloresce at a much earlier stage during a dehydration process, especially at lower temperatures. This could considerably influence phase, size, and water content of sea salt aerosols and consequently their reactivity, lifetime, and impacts on atmospheric chemistry and climate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver , Denver, Colorado 80217, United States
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12
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Zeng G, Holladay S, Langlois D, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Kinetics of Heterogeneous Reaction of Ozone with Linoleic Acid and its Dependence on Temperature, Physical State, RH, and Ozone Concentration. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1963-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp308304n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver,
Colorado 80217, United States
- The Institute of Chemical Physics,
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing
100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sara Holladay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver,
Colorado 80217, United States
| | - Danielle Langlois
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver,
Colorado 80217, United States
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics,
Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing
100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver,
Colorado 80217, United States
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13
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Rubasinghege G, Grassian VH. Role(s) of adsorbed water in the surface chemistry of environmental interfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3071-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc38872g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Tribe L, Hinrichs R, Kubicki JD. Adsorption of Nitrate on Kaolinite Surfaces: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:11266-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3053295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Tribe
- Division of
Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading,
Pennsylvania 19610, United States
| | - Ryan Hinrichs
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey 07950, United
States
| | - James D. Kubicki
- Department of Geosciences and the Earth & Environmental Systems Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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15
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Falgayrac G, Sobanska S, Brémard C. Particle–Particle Chemistry between Micrometer-Sized PbSO4 and CaCO3 Particles in Turbulent Flow Initiated by Liquid Water. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:7386-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302874j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Falgayrac
- Laboratoire
de Spectrochimie
IR et Raman, UMR-CNRS 8516, Université de Lille I, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, Cedex, France
- Physiopathologie des Maladies
Osseuses et Inflammatoires, EA4490, IMPRT-IFR114, UDSL, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - S. Sobanska
- Laboratoire
de Spectrochimie
IR et Raman, UMR-CNRS 8516, Université de Lille I, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, Cedex, France
| | - C. Brémard
- Laboratoire
de Spectrochimie
IR et Raman, UMR-CNRS 8516, Université de Lille I, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, Cedex, France
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16
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Tang MJ, Thieser J, Schuster G, Crowley JN. Kinetics and mechanism of the heterogeneous reaction of N2O5 with mineral dust particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8551-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vaida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
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18
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Raman micro-spectrometry as a technique for investigating heterogeneous reactions on individual atmospheric particles. Sci China Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liu Y, Minofar B, Desyaterik Y, Dames E, Zhu Z, Cain JP, Hopkins RJ, Gilles MK, Wang H, Jungwirth P, Laskin A. Internal structure, hygroscopic and reactive properties of mixed sodium methanesulfonate-sodium chloride particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:11846-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20444k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ghorai S, Tivanski AV. Hygroscopic Behavior of Individual Submicrometer Particles Studied by X-ray Spectromicroscopy. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9289-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101797k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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21
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Yuba A, Sadanaga Y, Takami A, Hatakeyama S, Takenaka N, Bandow H. Measurement System for Particulate Nitrate Based on the Scrubber Difference NO−O3 Chemiluminescence Method in Remote Areas. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8916-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101704w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Yuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Y. Sadanaga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - A. Takami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - S. Hatakeyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - N. Takenaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - H. Bandow
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan, and Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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22
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Asian dust particles converted into aqueous droplets under remote marine atmospheric conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:17905-10. [PMID: 20921372 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008235107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical history of dust particles in the atmosphere is crucial for assessing their impact on both the Earth's climate and ecosystem. So far, a number of studies have shown that, in the vicinity of strong anthropogenic emission sources, Ca-rich dust particles can be converted into aqueous droplets mainly by the reaction with gaseous HNO(3) to form Ca(NO(3))(2). Here we show that other similar processes have the potential to be activated under typical remote marine atmospheric conditions. Based on field measurements at several sites in East Asia and thermodynamic predictions, we examined the possibility for the formation of two highly soluble calcium salts, Ca(NO(3))(2) and CaCl(2), which can deliquesce at low relative humidity. According to the results, the conversion of insoluble CaCO(3) to Ca(NO(3))(2) tends to be dominated over urban and industrialized areas of the Asian continent, where the concentrations of HNO(3) exceed those of HCl ([HNO(3)/HCl] > ∼ 1). In this regime, CaCl(2) is hardly detected from dust particles. However, the generation of CaCl(2) becomes detectable around the Japan Islands, where the concentrations of HCl are much higher than those of HNO(3) ([HNO(3)/HCl] < ∼ 0.3). We suggest that elevated concentrations of HCl in the remote marine boundary layer are sufficient to modify Ca-rich particles in dust storms and can play a more important role in forming a deliquescent layer on the particle surfaces as they are transported toward remote ocean regions.
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Liu Y, Laskin A. Hygroscopic Properties of CH3SO3Na, CH3SO3NH4, (CH3SO3)2Mg, and (CH3SO3)2Ca Particles Studied by micro-FTIR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:1531-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8079149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Alexander Laskin
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352
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Sullivan RC, Moore MJK, Petters MD, Kreidenweis SM, Roberts GC, Prather KA. Timescale for hygroscopic conversion of calcite mineral particles through heterogeneous reaction with nitric acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7826-37. [DOI: 10.1039/b904217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Bateman AP, Nizkorodov SA, Laskin J, Laskin A. Time-resolved molecular characterization of limonene/ozone aerosol using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7931-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b905288g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Vlasenko A, Huthwelker T, Gäggeler HW, Ammann M. Kinetics of the heterogeneous reaction of nitric acid with mineral dust particles: an aerosol flowtube study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7921-30. [DOI: 10.1039/b904290n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Roca M, Zahardis J, Bone J, El-Maazawi M, Grassian VH. 310 nm Irradiation of Atmospherically Relevant Concentrated Aqueous Nitrate Solutions: Nitrite Production and Quantum Yields. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:13275-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jp809017b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryuri Roca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Truman College, Chicago, Illinois 60640
| | - James Zahardis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Truman College, Chicago, Illinois 60640
| | - Jason Bone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Truman College, Chicago, Illinois 60640
| | - Mohamed El-Maazawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Truman College, Chicago, Illinois 60640
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Truman College, Chicago, Illinois 60640
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Hatch CD, Grassian VH. 10th Anniversary review: applications of analytical techniques in laboratory studies of the chemical and climatic impacts of mineral dust aerosol in the Earth's atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:919-34. [PMID: 18688461 DOI: 10.1039/b805153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is clear that mineral dust particles can impact a number of global processes including the Earth's climate through direct and indirect climate forcing, the chemical composition of the atmosphere through heterogeneous reactions, and the biogeochemistry of the oceans through dust deposition. Thus, mineral dust aerosol links land, air, and oceans in unique ways unlike any other type of atmospheric aerosol. Quantitative knowledge of how mineral dust aerosol impacts the Earth's climate, the chemical balance of the atmosphere, and the biogeochemistry of the oceans will provide a better understanding of these links and connections and the overall impact on the Earth system. Advances in the applications of analytical laboratory techniques have been critical for providing valuable information regarding these global processes. In this mini review article, we discuss examples of current and emerging techniques used in laboratory studies of mineral dust chemistry and climate and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney D Hatch
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Prather KA, Hatch CD, Grassian VH. Analysis of atmospheric aerosols. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:485-514. [PMID: 20636087 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.113030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aerosols represent an important component of the Earth's atmosphere. Because aerosols are composed of solid and liquid particles of varying chemical complexity, size, and phase, large challenges exist in understanding how they impact climate, health, and the chemistry of the atmosphere. Only through the integration of field, laboratory, and modeling analysis can we begin to unravel the roles atmospheric aerosols play in these global processes. In this article, we provide a brief review of the current state of the science in the analysis of atmospheric aerosols and some important challenges that need to be overcome before they can become fully integrated. It is clear that only when these areas are effectively bridged can we fully understand the impact that atmospheric aerosols have on our environment and the Earth's system at the level of scientific certainty necessary to design and implement sound environmental policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Prather
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 92093-0314, USA.
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