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Dey S, Ghorai S, Banerjee M. Analytical detection of stationary and dynamic patterns in a prey-predator model with reproductive Allee effect in prey growth. J Math Biol 2023; 87:21. [PMID: 37395822 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-023-01957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Allee effect in population dynamics has a major impact in suppressing the paradox of enrichment through global bifurcation, and it can generate highly complex dynamics. The influence of the reproductive Allee effect, incorporated in the prey's growth rate of a prey-predator model with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response, is investigated here. Preliminary local and global bifurcations are identified of the temporal model. Existence and non-existence of heterogeneous steady-state solutions of the spatio-temporal system are established for suitable ranges of parameter values. The spatio-temporal model satisfies Turing instability conditions, but numerical investigation reveals that the heterogeneous patterns corresponding to unstable Turing eigenmodes act as a transitory pattern. Inclusion of the reproductive Allee effect in the prey population has a destabilising effect on the coexistence equilibrium. For a range of parameter values, various branches of stationary solutions including mode-dependent Turing solutions and localized pattern solutions are identified using numerical bifurcation technique. The model is also capable to produce some complex dynamic patterns such as travelling wave, moving pulse solution, and spatio-temporal chaos for certain range of parameters and diffusivity along with appropriate choice of initial conditions. Judicious choices of parametrization for the Beddington-DeAngelis functional response help us to infer about the resulting patterns for similar prey-predator models with Holling type-II functional response and ratio-dependent functional response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Dey
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - S Ghorai
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Malay Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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2
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Liachenko SM, Sadovova NV, Tripp A, Ghorai S, Patri AK, Hanig JP, Cohen JE, Krefting I. Optimization of Detection of Gadodiamide Brain Retention in Rats Using Quantitative T 2 Mapping and Intraperitoneal Administration. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 56:1499-1504. [PMID: 35278003 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the gadolinium retention in the brain after the use of contrast agents is studied by T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (T1 w) and T1 mapping. The former does not provide easily quantifiable data and the latter requires prolonged scanning and is sensitive to motion. T2 mapping may provide an alternative approach. Animal studies of gadolinium retention are complicated by repeated intravenous (IV) dosing, whereas intraperitoneal (IP) injections might be sufficient. HYPOTHESIS T2 mapping will detect the changes in the rat brain due to gadolinium retention, and IP administration is equivalent to IV for long-term studies. STUDY TYPE Prospective longitudinal. ANIMAL MODEL A total of 31 Sprague-Dawley rats administered gadodiamide IV (N = 8) or IP (N = 8), or saline IV (N = 6) or IP (N = 9) 4 days per week for 5 weeks. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES A 7 T, T1 w, and T2 mapping. ASSESSMENT T2 relaxation and image intensities in the deep cerebellar nuclei were measured pre-treatment and weekly for 5 weeks. Then brains were assessed for neuropathology (N = 4) or gadolinium content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, N = 12). STATISTICAL TESTS Repeated measures analysis of variance with post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls tests and Hedges' effect size. RESULTS Gadolinium was detected by both approaches; however, T2 mapping was more sensitive (effect size 2.32 for T2 vs. 0.95 for T1 w), and earlier detection (week 3 for T2 vs. week 4 for T1 w). ICP-MS confirmed the presence of gadolinium (3.076 ± 0.909 nmol/g in the IV group and 3.948 ± 0.806 nmol/g in the IP group). There was no significant difference between IP and IV groups (ICP-MS, P = 0.109; MRI, P = 0.696). No histopathological abnormalities were detected in any studied animal. CONCLUSION T2 relaxometry detects gadolinium retention in the rat brain after multiple doses of gadodiamide irrespective of the route of administration. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serguei M Liachenko
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Natalya V Sadovova
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Arnold Tripp
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Suman Ghorai
- Nanotechnology Core Facility, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Anil K Patri
- Nanotechnology Core Facility, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joseph P Hanig
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan E Cohen
- Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, Maryland, USA
| | - Ira Krefting
- Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, Maryland, USA
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Biswas L, Bose S, Sharma S, Manna D, Ghorai S. A prospective study to determine the safety and efficacy of contralateral submandibular gland-sparing radiation therapy for oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinoma. J Radiat Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jrcr.jrcr_39_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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4
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Sarkar R, Xie TZ, Endres KJ, Wang Z, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Ghorai S, Patri AK, Wesdemiotis C, Dobrynin AV, Newkome GR. Sierpiński Pyramids by Molecular Entanglement. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5526-5530. [PMID: 32131597 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Planar, terpyridine-based metal complexes with the Sierpiński triangular motif and alkylated corners undergo a second self-assembly event to give megastructural Sierpiński pyramids; assembly is driven by the facile lipophilic-lipophilic association of the alkyl moieties and complementary perfect fit of the triangular building blocks. Confirmation of the 3D, pyramidal structures was verified and supported by a combination of TEM, AFM, and multiscale simulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Sarkar
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Ting-Zheng Xie
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Kevin J Endres
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Zilu Wang
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Charles N Moorefield
- Dendronex LLC, 109 Runway Drive, Reese Technology Center, Lubbock, Texas 79416, United States
| | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Suman Ghorai
- NCTR-ORA Nanotechnology Core Facility, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, HFT-30, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Anil K Patri
- NCTR-ORA Nanotechnology Core Facility, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, HFT-30, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Andrey V Dobrynin
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - George R Newkome
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States.,Center for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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5
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Demir E, Qin T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Guo X, Ingle T, Yan J, Orza AI, Biris AS, Ghorai S, Zhou T, Chen T. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cadmium oxide nanoparticles evaluated using in vitro assays. Mutat Res 2020; 850-851:503149. [PMID: 32247558 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) are among some of the most studied and industrially used metal oxide NPs. They have been widely used for industrial application, such as paint pigments and electronic devices, and medical therapeutics. With increasing use of CdO NPs and concerns for their potential adverse effects on the environment and public health, evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of CdO NPs becomes very important. To date, there is a limited understanding of the potential hazard brought by CdO NPs and a lack of information and research, particularly on the genotoxicity assessment of these NPs. In this study, 10 nm CdO core-PEG stabilized NPs were synthesized, characterized and used for evaluation of CdO NPs' cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Release of cadmium ions (Cd+2) from the CdO NPs in cell culture medium, cellular uptake of the NPs, and the endotoxin content of the particles were measured prior to the toxicity assays. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTS assay, ATP content detection assay, and LDH assay. Genotoxicity was assessed using the Ames test, Comet assay, micronucleus assay, and mouse lymphoma assay. The cytotoxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was also evaluated along with that of the CdO NPs. The results showed that endotoxin levels within the CdO NPs were below the limit of detection. CdO NPs induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in TK6 and HepG2 cells with the MTS, ATP and LDH assays. Although the genotoxicity of CdO NPs was negative in the Ames test, positive results were obtained with the micronucleus, Comet, and mouse lymphoma assays. The negative response of CdO NPs with the Ames test may be the result of unsuitability of the assay for measuring NPs, while the positive responses from other genotoxicity assays suggest that CdO NPs can induce chromosomal damage, single or double strand breaks in DNA, and mutations. The toxicity of the CdO NPs results from the NPs themselves and not from the released Cd+2, because the ions released from the NPs were minimal. These results demonstrate that CdO NPs are cytotoxic and genotoxic and provide new insights into risk assessment of CdO NPs for human exposure and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eşref Demir
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA; Antalya Bilim University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Taichun Qin
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA; Office of Global Regulatory Operations and Policy, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA; Exploratory Medicine & Pharmacology, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Taylor Ingle
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Jian Yan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Annamaria Ioana Orza
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences and Center for Systems Imaging, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; CellaCurre LLC., 3630 Peachtree Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30326, USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Suman Ghorai
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Tong Zhou
- Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA.
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Pal S, Ghorai S, Banerjee M. Effect of kernels on spatio-temporal patterns of a non-local prey-predator model. Math Biosci 2019; 310:96-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Mukherjee N, Ghorai S, Banerjee M. Effects of density dependent cross-diffusion on the chaotic patterns in a ratio-dependent prey-predator model. Ecological Complexity 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Sen D, Ghorai S, Banerjee M. Complex dynamics of a three species prey-predator model with intraguild predation. Ecological Complexity 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Chatterjee K, Bhattacharya K, Ghorai S, Datta A. Unprecedented remission with radiotherapy alone: A rare case of mutilating scalp recurrence of Hodgkin's lymphoma with preexisting chronic liver disease. Clin Cancer Investig J 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/ccij.ccij_25_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was introduced more than five decades ago with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and a decade later with laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry (MS). Large biomolecule imaging by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) was developed in the 1990s and ambient laser MS a decade ago. Although SIMS has been capable of imaging with a moderate mass range at sub-micrometer lateral resolution from its inception, laser MS requires additional effort to achieve a lateral resolution of 10μm or below which is required to image at the size scale of single mammalian cells. This review covers untargeted large biomolecule MSI using lasers for desorption/ionization or laser desorption and post-ionization. These methods include laser microprobe (LDI) MSI, MALDI MSI, laser ambient and atmospheric pressure MSI, and near-field laser ablation MS. Novel approaches to improving lateral resolution are discussed, including oversampling, beam shaping, transmission geometry, reflective and through-hole objectives, microscope mode, and near-field optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kermit K Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | | | - Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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11
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Seneviratne CA, Ghorai S, Murray KK. Laser desorption sample transfer for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2016; 30:89-94. [PMID: 26661974 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ambient mass spectrometry can detect small molecules directly, but complex mixtures can be a challenge. We have developed a method that incorporates small molecule separation based on laser desorption with capture on a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber for injection into a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system. METHODS Samples on a metal target were desorbed by a 3 µm mid-infrared laser focused to a 250 µm spot and 1.2 mJ pulse energy. The desorbed material was aspirated into a metal tube suspended 1 mm above the laser spot and captured on a SPME fiber. The collected material was injected into a GC/MS instrument for analysis. RESULTS We have developed a versatile approach for ambient laser desorption sampling onto SPME for GC/MS analysis. The performance of the laser desorption SPME capture GC/MS system was demonstrated for small molecule standards, a mixture of nitroaromatic explosives, and collected cigarette smoke. CONCLUSIONS The utility of ambient laser desorption sampling onto SPME for GC/MS was demonstrated. The performance of the method was evaluated by preparing calibration standards of caffeine over a range from 200 to 1000 ng. Laser desorption ambient sampling of complex mixtures was accomplished using SPME GC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Kermit K Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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12
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Sarkar A, Barui A, Sengupta S, Chatterjee J, Ghorai S, Mukherjee A. Epithelial mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells: A quantitative analysis. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:5372-5. [PMID: 26737505 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular auto-fluorescence along with morphological and cytoskeletal features were assessed in lung cancer cells undergoing induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). During EMT progression, significant increase was observed in cellular aspect ratio (AR), filamentous (F)-actin and green auto-fluorescence intensities while blue intensity decreased. These features were provided to a kernel classification framework. The classification accuracy were impressive, thus these features along with the classification technique can be considered as suitable tools for automated grading of lung cancer cells undergoing EMT progression.
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Rupasinghe TP, Hutchins KM, Bandaranayake BS, Ghorai S, Karunatilake C, Bučar DK, Swenson DC, Arnold MA, MacGillivray LR, Tivanski AV. Mechanical Properties of a Series of Macro- and Nanodimensional Organic Cocrystals Correlate with Atomic Polarizability. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12768-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thilini P. Rupasinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Kristin M. Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | | | - Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Chandana Karunatilake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Dale C. Swenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Mark A. Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | | | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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Abstract
We investigate pattern formation by swimming micro-organisms (bioconvection), when their orientation is determined by balance between gravitational and viscous torques (gyrotaxis), due to being bottom heavy. The governing equations, which consist of the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid coupled with a micro-organism conservation equation, are solved numerically in a large cross section chamber with periodic boundary conditions in the horizontal directions. The influence of key parameters on wavelength selection in bioconvection patterns is investigated numerically. For realistic ranges of parameter values, the computed wavelengths are in good agreement with the experimental observations provided that the diffusion due to randomness in cell swimming behaviour is small, refuting a recently published claim that the mathematical model becomes inaccurate at long times. We also provide the first computational evidence of "bottom-standing" plumes in a three-dimensional simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghorai
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India,
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15
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Roy S, Mallik C, Ghorai S, Hazra A, Majumdar A. Hypofractionated versus conventional radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in head and neck cancer: A comparative study. Clin Cancer Investig J 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2278-0513.151962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Roy S, Mallik C, Ghorai S, Hazra A, Majumdar A. Hypofractionated versus conventional radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in head and neck cancer: A comparative study. Clin Cancer Investig J 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2278-0513.152718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Ghorai S, Seneviratne CA, Murray KK. Tip-enhanced laser ablation sample transfer for biomolecule mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2015; 26:63-70. [PMID: 25287125 PMCID: PMC4276512 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-1005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscope (AFM) tip-enhanced laser ablation was used to transfer molecules from thin films to a suspended silver wire for off-line mass spectrometry using laser desorption ionization (LDI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). An AFM with a 30 nm radius gold-coated silicon tip was used to image the sample and to hold the tip 15 nm from the surface for material removal using a 355 nm Nd:YAG laser. The ablated material was captured on a silver wire that was held 300 μm vertically and 100 μm horizontally from the tip. For the small molecules anthracene and rhodamine 6G, the wire was cut and affixed to a metal target using double-sided conductive tape and analyzed by LDI using a commercial laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Approximately 100 fg of material was ablated from each of the 1 μm ablation spots and transferred with approximately 3% efficiency. For larger polypeptide molecules angiotensin II and bovine insulin, the captured material was dissolved in saturated matrix solution and deposited on a target for MALDI analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghorai
- Louisiana State University, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
| | | | - Kermit K. Murray
- Louisiana State University, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
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18
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Ghorai S, Wang B, Tivanski A, Laskin A. Hygroscopic properties of internally mixed particles composed of NaCl and water-soluble organic acids. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:2234-2241. [PMID: 24437520 DOI: 10.1021/es404727u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aging of naturally emitted marine aerosol often leads to formation of internally mixed particles composed of sea salts and water-soluble organic compounds of anthropogenic origin. Mixing of sea salt and organic components has profound effects on the evolving chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of the resulted particles, which are poorly understood. Here, we have studied chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of laboratory generated NaCl particles mixed with malonic acid (MA) and glutaric acid (GA) at different molar ratios using micro-FTIR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray elemental microanalysis. Hygroscopic properties of internally mixed NaCl and organic acid particles were distinctly different from pure components and varied significantly with the type and amount of organic compound present. Experimental results were in a good agreement with the AIM modeling calculations of gas/liquid/solid partitioning in studied systems. X-ray elemental microanalysis of particles showed that Cl/Na ratio decreased with increasing organic acid component in the particles with MA yielding lower ratios relative to GA. We attribute the depletion of chloride to the formation of sodium malonate and sodium glutarate salts resulted by HCl evaporation from dehydrating particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Ghorai S, Sumrak JC, Hutchins KM, Bučar DK, Tivanski AV, MacGillivray LR. From co-crystals to functional thin films: photolithography using [2+2] photodimerization. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51073e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Dutta S, Ghorai S, Choudhury K, Majumder A. Radical treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer with concurrent chemo radiation-cisplatin versus carboplatin: A randomized comparative phase III trial. Clin Cancer Investig J 2013. [DOI: 10.4103/2278-0513.113634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pal S, Ghorai S, Das C, Samrat S, Ghosh A, Panda AB. Carboxymethyl Tamarind-g-poly(acrylamide)/Silica: A High Performance Hybrid Nanocomposite for Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of
Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - S. Ghorai
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of
Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - C. Das
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of
Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - S. Samrat
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of
Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - A. Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215, India
| | - Asit Baran Panda
- Disciplines of Inorganic Materials
and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar-364021, India
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22
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Pal S, Ghorai S, Dash MK, Ghosh S, Udayabhanu G. Flocculation properties of polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl guar gum (CMG-g-PAM) synthesised by conventional and microwave assisted method. J Hazard Mater 2011; 192:1580-8. [PMID: 21802849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel polymeric flocculant based on polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl guar gum (CMG-g-PAM) has been synthesised by grafting polyacrylamide chains onto CMG backbone using conventional redox grafting and microwave assisted grafting methods. Under optimum grafting conditions, 82% and 96% grafting efficiencies have been observed in case of conventional and microwave assisted methods respectively. The optimum sample has been characterized using viscometry, spectroscopic analysis, elemental analysis, molecular weight and radius of gyration determination. The flocculation characteristics of grafted and ungrafted polysaccharides have been evaluated in kaolin suspension, municipal sewage wastewater and decolourization efficiency of a dye solution (methylene blue). It is evident from results that CMG-g-PAM synthesised by microwave assisted grafting method is showing best flocculation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826 004, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexander Laskin
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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24
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Hamilton TD, Bučar DK, Baltrusaitis J, Flanagan DR, Li Y, Ghorai S, Tivanski AV, MacGillivray LR. Thixotropic Hydrogel Derived from a Product of an Organic Solid-State Synthesis: Properties and Densities of Metal−Organic Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3365-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ja106095w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara D. Hamilton
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Douglas R. Flanagan
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Yingjian Li
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Leonard R. MacGillivray
- Department of Chemistry, 305 Chemistry Building, ‡Central Microscopy Research Facility, 76 Eckstein Medical Research Building, and §Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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Chakrabarti B, Ghorai S, Basu B, Ghosh SK, Gupta P, Ghosh K, Ghosh P. Late nodal metastasis in early-stage node-negative oral cavity cancers after successful sole interstitial brachytherapy: An institutional experience of 42 cases in India. Brachytherapy 2010; 9:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Basu B, Chakraborti B, Ghorai S, Ghosh K. A Comparison of Dose Distribution from Two Different Intracavitary Brachytherapy Applicator Systems in Cervical Carcinoma. Brachytherapy 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2010.02.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Saha S, Ghosh Dastidar A, Gangopadhyay A, Ghorai S. Evaluation of Hypofractionated Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Saha S, Gangopadhyay A, Ghorai S. 5028 Neoadjuvant concomitant radio-endocrine therapy for locally- advanced receptor positive elderly breast cancer: an Indian experience. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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30
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Chakrabarti B, Ghosh SK, Basu B, Gupta P, Ghorai S, Ray SG, Das C. Non-adenomatous non-epithelial carcinoma (hemangiopericytoma) of prostate treated with conservative surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. Curr Oncol 2009; 16:71-3. [PMID: 19672428 PMCID: PMC2722051 DOI: 10.3747/co.v16i4.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemangiopericytoma is a malignant vascular tumour of soft tissue. Microscopically, the tumour shows tightly packed cellular areas surrounding thin-walled branching blood vessels. Traditionally these tumours are treated using wide surgical excision. Only a very few cases of hemangiopericytoma of the prostate have been described worldwide. The feasibility of managing such a case with a combination of conservative surgery and adjuvant anti-malignancy treatment is unexplored. Here, we report a case of hemangiopericytoma of the prostate treated with local excision, with preservation of prostate, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (40 Gy in 20 fractions to pelvis followed by 24 Gy in 12 fractions as boost to prostate) and chemotherapy (doxorubicin and iphosphamide). Post-treatment computed tomography scan after 4 weeks showed regression of pelvic lymph nodes and a normal-appearing prostate. Levels of serum prostate-specific and carcinogenic embryonic antigen were normal throughout the period of treatment. To date, followup has been uneventful, except for occasional bouts of diarrhea.We conclude that conservative surgery followed by adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy, with subsequent close follow-up, may adequately control localized disease in selected cases of hemangiopericytoma of the prostate. The role of conservative surgery in tumours located at other sites has yet to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chakrabarti
- Department of Radiotherapy, Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata, India.
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Chakrabarti B, Ghosh SK, Gupta P, Ghorai S, Ray SG, Basu B, Ghosh K, Jayanti J. The effect of raising bladder volume on dosimetry of organs at risk in high-dose-rate intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy of cervix cancer. Brachytherapy 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2007.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
In three-dimensional bioconvection, the regions of rising and sinking fluid are dissimilar. This geometrical effect is studied for axisymmetric bioconvection in a cylindrical cell with stress-free (i.e. normal velocity and tangential stress vanish) lateral and top boundaries, and rigid bottom boundary. Using the continuum model of Pedley et al. (1988, J. Fluid Mech.195, 223-237) for bioconvection in a suspension of swimming, gyrotactic microorganisms, the structure and stability of an axisymmetric plume in a deep chamber are investigated. The system is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid coupled with a microorganism conservation equation. These equations are solved numerically using a conservative finite-difference scheme. Comparisons are made with two-dimensional bioconvection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghorai
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.
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Abstract
Bioconvection occurs as the result of the collective behaviour of many micro-organisms swimming in a fluid and is realized as patterns similar to those of thermal convection which occur when a layer of fluid is heated from below. We consider the phenomenon of pattern formation due to gyrotaxis, an orientation mechanism which results from the balance of gravitational and viscous torques acting on bottom-heavy micro-organisms. The continuum model of Pedley et al. (1988, J. Fluid. Mech. 195, 223-237) is used to describe the suspension. The system is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid coupled with a micro-organism conservation equation. These equations are solved numerically using a conservative finite-difference scheme. To examine the dependence of the horizontal pattern wavelengths on the parameters, we consider two-dimensional solutions in a wide chamber using rigid side walls. The wavelengths of the numerical computations are in good agreement with the experimental observations and we provide the first computational examples of the commonly seen 'bottom-standing' plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghorai
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Leeds, U.K
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