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Zhang W, Issa K, Tang T, Zhang H. Role of Hydroperoxyl Radicals in Heterogeneous Oxidation of Oxygenated Organic Aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4727-4736. [PMID: 38411392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous oxidative aging of organic aerosols (OA) occurs ubiquitously in the atmosphere, initiated by oxidants, such as the hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2•) are also an important oxidant in the troposphere, and its gas-phase chemistry has been well studied. However, the role of HO2• in heterogeneous OA oxidation remains elusive. Here, we carry out •OH-initiated heterogeneous oxidation of several OA model systems under different HO2• conditions in a flow tube reactor and characterize the molecular oxidation products using a suite of mass spectrometry instrumentation. By using hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) with thermal desorption iodide-adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry, we provide direct observation of organic hydroperoxide (ROOH) formation from heterogeneous HO2• and peroxy radicals (RO2•) reactions for the first time. The ROOH may contribute substantially to the oxidation products, varied with the parent OA chemical structure. Furthermore, by regulating RO2• reaction pathways, HO2• also greatly influence the overall composition of the oxidized OA. Last, we suggest that the RO2• + HO2• reactions readily occur at the OA particle interface rather than in the particle bulk. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the heterogeneous OA oxidation chemistry and help fill the critical knowledge gap in understanding atmospheric OA oxidative aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Kassem Issa
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Tiffany Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Haofei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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2
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Alton MW, Johnson VL, Sharma S, Browne EC. Volatile Methyl Siloxane Atmospheric Oxidation Mechanism from a Theoretical Perspective─How is the Siloxanol Formed? J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:10233-10242. [PMID: 38011037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite several investigations on the atmospheric fate of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS), the oxidation chemistry of these purely anthropogenic, high production volume compounds is poorly understood. This led to uncertainties in the environmental impact and fate of the oxidation products. According to laboratory measurements, the main VMS oxidation product is the siloxanol (a -CH3 replaced with an -OH); however, none of the mechanisms proposed to date satisfactorily explain its formation. Motivated by our previous experimental observations of VMS oxidation products, we use theoretical quantum chemical calculations to (1) explore a previously unconsidered reaction pathway to form the siloxanol from a reaction of a siloxy radical with gas-phase water, (2) investigate differences in reaction rates of radical intermediates in hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) oxidation, and (3) attempt to explain the experimentally observed products. Our results suggest that while the proposed reaction of the siloxy radical with water to form the siloxanol can occur, it is too slow to compete with other unimolecular reactions and thus cannot explain the observed siloxanol formation. We also find that the reaction between the initial D3 peroxy radical (RO2•) with HO2• is slower than previously anticipated (calculated as 3 × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for D3 and 2 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for D4 compared to the general rate of ∼1 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). Finally, we compare the anticipated fates of the RO2• under a variety of conditions and find that a reaction with NO (assuming a general RO2• + NO bimolecular rate constant of 9 × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) will likely be the dominant fate in urban conditions, while isomerization can be important in cleaner environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell W Alton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Virginia L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Eleanor C Browne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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3
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Zuraski K, Grieman FJ, Hui AO, Cowen J, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ, Okumura M, Sander SP. Acetonyl Peroxy and Hydroperoxy Self- and Cross-Reactions: Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Parameters, Branching Fractions, and Chaperone Effects. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7772-7792. [PMID: 37683115 PMCID: PMC10518823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The temperature-dependent kinetic parameters, branching fractions, and chaperone effects of the self- and cross-reactions between acetonyl peroxy (CH3C(O)CH2O2) and hydro peroxy (HO2) have been studied using pulsed laser photolysis coupled with infrared (IR) wavelength-modulation spectroscopy and ultraviolet absorption (UVA) spectroscopy. Two IR lasers simultaneously monitored HO2 and hydroxyl (OH), while UVA measurements monitored CH3C(O)CH2O2. For the CH3C(O)CH2O2 self-reaction (T = 270-330 K), the rate parameters were determined to be A = (1.5-0.3+0.4) × 10-13 and Ea/R = -996 ± 334 K and the branching fraction to the alkoxy channel, k2b/k2, showed an inverse temperature dependence following the expression, k2b/k2 = (2.27 ± 0.62) - [(6.35 ± 2.06) × 10-3] T(K). For the reaction between CH3C(O)CH2O2 and HO2 (T = 270-330 K), the rate parameters were determined to be A = (3.4-1.5+2.5) × 10-13 and Ea/R = -547 ± 415 K for the hydroperoxide product channel and A = (6.23-4.4+15.3) × 10-17 and Ea/R = -3100 ± 870 K for the OH product channel. The branching fraction for the OH channel, k1b /k1, follows the temperature-dependent expression, k1b/k1 = (3.27 ± 0.51) - [(9.6 ± 1.7) × 10-3] T(K). Determination of these parameters required an extensive reaction kinetics model which included a re-evaluation of the temperature dependence of the HO2 self-reaction chaperone enhancement parameters due to the methanol-hydroperoxy complex. The second-law thermodynamic parameters for KP,M for the formation of the complex were found to be ΔrH250K° = -38.6 ± 3.3 kJ mol-1 and ΔrS250K° = -110.5 ± 13.2 J mol-1 K-1, with the third-law analysis yielding ΔrH250K° = -37.5 ± 0.25 kJ mol-1. The HO2 self-reaction rate coefficient was determined to be k4 = (3.34-0.80+1.04) × 10-13 exp [(507 ± 76)/T]cm3 molecule-1 s-1 with the enhancement term k4,M″ = (2.7-1.7+4.7) × 10-36 exp [(4700 ± 255)/T]cm6 molecule-2 s-1, proportional to [CH3OH], over T = 220-280 K. The equivalent chaperone enhancement parameter for the acetone-hydroperoxy complex was also required and determined to be k4,A″ = (5.0 × 10-38 - 1.4 × 10-41) exp[(7396 ± 1172)/T] cm6 molecule-2 s-1, proportional to [CH3C(O)CH3], over T = 270-296 K. From these parameters, the rate coefficients for the reactions between HO2 and the respective complexes over the given temperature ranges can be estimated: for HO2·CH3OH, k12 = [(1.72 ± 0.050) × 10-11] exp [(314 ± 7.2)/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and for HO2·CH3C(O)CH3, k15 = [(7.9 ± 0.72) × 10-17] exp [(3881 ± 25)/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Lastly, an estimate of the rate coefficient for the HO2·CH3OH self-reaction was also determined to be k13 = (1.3 ± 0.45) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Zuraski
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Fred J. Grieman
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Seaver
Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Aileen O. Hui
- Arthur
Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Julia Cowen
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Seaver
Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Frank A. F. Winiberg
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Carl J. Percival
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Arthur
Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Stanley P. Sander
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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4
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Illmann N, Patroescu-Klotz I, Wiesen P. Organic acid formation in the gas-phase ozonolysis of α,β-unsaturated ketones. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 25:106-116. [PMID: 36476818 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03210d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids are key species in determining the radiative properties of the atmosphere due to their contribution to particle formation. Reported discrepancies between field measurements and modelling suggest significant missing sources. Herein, we present a mechanistic investigation on the gas-phase ozonolysis of ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK, 1-penten-3-one), which we chose as a model compound for α,β-unsaturated ketones. Experiments were performed in a 1080 L quartz-glass reaction chamber (QUAREC) at 990 ± 15 mbar and 298 ± 2 K (r. h. ≪ 0.1%) and analysed via long-path FTIR spectrometry and PTR-ToF-MS. The experiments were performed in the presence of an excess of CO to suppress the chemistry of OH radicals. For a comprehensive picture, in selected experiments, SO2 was also added to the reaction system to scavenge the stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) and to investigate their formation yield. Combining the results of both set-ups allowed us to quantify 2-oxobutanal, for which we report vapour-phase FTIR spectra. In addition, we introduce the first-ever infrared spectra of perpropionic acid, which was also positively identified in the EVK + O3 system. A detailed analysis of the experimental findings allowed us to link the identified reaction products (acetaldehyde, ethyl hydroperoxide, and perpropionic acid) to known bimolecular reactions of RO2 radicals. Thereby, it is shown that the EVK + O3 reaction yields formic acid, HC(O)OH, and propionic acid, C2H5C(O)OH, and their formation is not covered by mechanisms reported in the literature. Three different pathways accounting for their formation from chemically activated CIs are proposed and possible implications for the ozonolysis of α,β-unsaturated ketones in the atmosphere are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Illmann
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Iulia Patroescu-Klotz
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Peter Wiesen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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5
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Lin X, Hu R, Ma Z, Yue H, Wen Z, Zhang C, Fittschen C, Zhang W, Tang X. Cl-Initiated oxidation of methacrolein under NO x-free conditions studied by VUV photoionization mass spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17471-17478. [PMID: 35822339 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02101c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Cl-initiated oxidation of methacrolein (MACR, C4H6O) under NOx-free conditions has been investigated in a fast flow tube by using a home-made vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization mass spectrometer complemented by high-level theoretical calculations. The key species such as intermediates and radicals together with products involved in the oxidation are observed online and confirmed in photoionization mass spectra. The reaction potential energy surfaces of the transient C4H5O and C4H6OCl radicals, formed from the hydrogen-abstraction reaction and the addition reaction of MACR with Cl atoms, with oxygen have been theoretically calculated to illuminate the formation of the peroxy radicals of C4H5OO2 and C4H6OClO2. The photoionization processes of these peroxy radicals, whose cations are not stable, and their individual self-reactions as well as bimolecular reactions with HO2 radical are studied and discussed. In addition, kinetic experiments are also performed to get the time evolution of specific products and compared with theoretical models, providing a detailed insight into the reaction mechanism of the Cl-initiated oxidation of MACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Lin
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Rongrong Hu
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Ziji Ma
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Hao Yue
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Zuoying Wen
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Cuihong Zhang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China. .,University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christa Fittschen
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522, PC2A - Physicochimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China.
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6
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Li J, Wang L, Wang L. Computational Study on the Reaction of β-Hydroxyethylperoxy Radical with HO 2 and Effects of Water Vapor. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2234-2243. [PMID: 35362984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of β-hydroxyethylperoxy radical (β-HEP) and HO2 with and without water was studied using quantum chemistry and kinetic calculations. The main products are HOCH2CH2OOH and 3O2 for the reaction with and without water, while all other reaction channels can be neglected. The rate coefficients of the reaction follow negative temperature dependence. The pseudo-second-order rate coefficients are 2-4 orders of magnitude smaller for the reaction with saturated water vapor, indicating the negligible contribution of water in this reaction. This is probably also true for other peroxy radicals (except for HO2), indicating that a large part of previous results on the water enhancement of reaction rate coefficients might have overestimated the influence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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7
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Bates KH, Cope JD, Nguyen TB. Gas-Phase Oxidation Rates and Products of 1,2-Dihydroxy Isoprene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:14294-14304. [PMID: 34618435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Dihydroxy isoprene (1,2-DHI), a product of isoprene oxidation from multiple chemical pathways, is produced in the atmosphere in large quantities; however, its chemical fate has not been comprehensively studied. Here, we perform chamber experiments to investigate its gas-phase reactions. We find that the reactions of 1,2-DHI with OH radicals and ozone are rapid (kOH = 8.0 (±1.3) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1; kO3 = 7.2 (±1.1) × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). Reaction with OH, which dominates 1,2-DHI loss, leads primarily to fragmentation and radical recycling; major products under both high- and low-NO conditions include hydroxyacetone, glycolaldehyde, and 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methyl-propanal (DHMP). Radical-terminating hydroperoxide formation from the peroxy radical (RO2) reaction with HO2 and organonitrate formation from RO2 + NO are not observed in the gas phase, possibly due to low volatility; constraints for their branching ratios are instead derived by mass balance. We also measure secondary organic aerosol mass yields from 1,2-DHI (0-23%) and show that oxidation in the presence of aqueous particles leads to formic and acetic acid production. Finally, we incorporate results into GEOS-Chem, a global chemical transport model, to compute the global production (25.3 Tg a-1) and gas-phase loss (20.2 Tg a-1) of 1,2-DHI and show that its oxidation provides non-negligible contributions to the atmospheric budgets of hydroxyacetone, glycolaldehyde, hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide, formic acid, and DHMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin H Bates
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Center for the Environment, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - James D Cope
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Tran B Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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8
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Vereecken L, Carlsson PTM, Novelli A, Bernard F, Brown SS, Cho C, Crowley JN, Fuchs H, Mellouki W, Reimer D, Shenolikar J, Tillmann R, Zhou L, Kiendler-Scharr A, Wahner A. Theoretical and experimental study of peroxy and alkoxy radicals in the NO3-initiated oxidation of isoprene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5496-5515. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Under atmospheric conditions, nitrate-RO2 radicals are equilibrated and react predominantly with HO2, RO2 and NO. The nitrate-RO chemistry is affected strongly by ring closure to epoxy radicals, impeding formation of MVK/MACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Vereecken
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - P. T. M. Carlsson
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Novelli
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - F. Bernard
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), CNRS (UPR 3021)/OSUC, 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique
- 45071 Orléans CEDEX 2
- France
| | - S. S. Brown
- NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory
- Boulder
- USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder
- Boulder
| | - C. Cho
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - J. N. Crowley
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - H. Fuchs
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - W. Mellouki
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), CNRS (UPR 3021)/OSUC, 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique
- 45071 Orléans CEDEX 2
- France
| | - D. Reimer
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - J. Shenolikar
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - R. Tillmann
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - L. Zhou
- Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), CNRS (UPR 3021)/OSUC, 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique
- 45071 Orléans CEDEX 2
- France
| | - A. Kiendler-Scharr
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Wahner
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
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9
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Novelli A, Cho C, Fuchs H, Hofzumahaus A, Rohrer F, Tillmann R, Kiendler-Scharr A, Wahner A, Vereecken L. Experimental and theoretical study on the impact of a nitrate group on the chemistry of alkoxy radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5474-5495. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of nitrated alkoxy radicals, and its impact on RO2 measurements using the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) technique, is examined by a combined theoretical and experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Novelli
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - C. Cho
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - H. Fuchs
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Hofzumahaus
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - F. Rohrer
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - R. Tillmann
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Kiendler-Scharr
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Wahner
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - L. Vereecken
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
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10
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Zuraski K, Hui AO, Grieman FJ, Darby E, Møller KH, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ, Smarte MD, Okumura M, Kjaergaard HG, Sander SP. Acetonyl Peroxy and Hydro Peroxy Self- and Cross-Reactions: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Chaperone Enhancement from the Perspective of the Hydroxyl Radical Product. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8128-8143. [PMID: 32852951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed laser photolysis coupled with infrared (IR) wavelength modulation spectroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy was used to study the kinetics and branching fractions for the acetonyl peroxy (CH3C(O)CH2O2) self-reaction and its reaction with hydro peroxy (HO2) at a temperature of 298 K and pressure of 100 Torr. Near-IR and mid-IR lasers simultaneously monitored HO2 and hydroxyl, OH, respectively, while UV absorption measurements monitored the CH3C(O)CH2O2 concentrations. The overall rate constant for the reaction between CH3C(O)CH2O2 and HO2 was found to be (5.5 ± 0.5) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and the branching fraction for OH yield from this reaction was directly measured as 0.30 ± 0.04. The CH3C(O)CH2O2 self-reaction rate constant was measured to be (4.8 ± 0.8) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and the branching fraction for alkoxy formation was inferred from secondary chemistry as 0.33 ± 0.13. An increase in the rate of the HO2 self-reaction was also observed as a function of acetone (CH3C(O)CH3) concentration which is interpreted as a chaperone effect, resulting from hydrogen-bond complexation between HO2 and CH3C(O)CH3. The chaperone enhancement coefficient for CH3C(O)CH3 was determined to be kA″ = (4.0 ± 0.2) × 10-29 cm6 molecule-2 s-1, and the equilibrium constant for HO2·CH3C(O)CH3 complex formation was found to be Kc(R14) = (2.0 ± 0.89) × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1; from these values, the rate constant for the HO2 + HO2·CH3C(O)CH3 reaction was estimated to be (2 ± 1) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Results from UV absorption cross-section measurements of CH3C(O)CH2O2 and prompt OH radical yields arising from possible oxidation of the CH3C(O)CH3-derived alkyl radical are also discussed. Using theoretical methods, no likely pathways for the observed prompt OH radical formation have been found and the prompt OH radical yields thus remain unexplained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Zuraski
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Aileen O Hui
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Fred J Grieman
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States.,Seaver Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Emily Darby
- Seaver Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Frank A F Winiberg
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Carl J Percival
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Matthew D Smarte
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Stanley P Sander
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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11
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Gas-Phase Reaction of trans-2-Methyl-2-butenal with Cl: Kinetics, Gaseous Products, and SOA Formation. ATMOSPHERE 2020; 11:715. [PMID: 33154821 PMCID: PMC7116312 DOI: 10.3390/atmos11070715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reaction between trans-2-methyl-2-butenal and chlorine (Cl) atoms has been studied in a simulation chamber at 298 ± 2 K and 760 ± 5 Torr of air under free-NOx conditions. The rate coefficient of this reaction was determined as k = (2.45 ± 0.32) × 10-10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 by using a relative method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition to this technique, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to detect and monitor the time evolution of the gas-phase reaction products. The major primary reaction product from the addition of Cl to the C-3 of trans-2-methyl-2-butenal was 3-chloro-2-butanone, with a molar yield (YProd) of (52.5 ± 7.3)%. Acetaldehyde (Y = (40.8 ± 0.6)%) and HCl were also identified, indicating that the H-abstraction by Cl from the aldehyde group is a reaction pathway as well. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation was investigated by using a fast mobility particle sizer spectrometer. The SOA yield in the Cl + trans-2-methyl-2-butenal reaction is reported to be lower than 2.4%, thus its impact can be considered negligible. The atmospheric importance of the titled reaction is similar to the corresponding OH reaction in areas with high Cl concentration.
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12
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Feng B, Sun C, Zhao W, Zhang S. A theoretical investigation on the atmospheric degradation of the radical: reactions with NO, NO 2, and NO 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1554-1565. [PMID: 32608429 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The radical is the key intermediate in the atmospheric oxidation of benzaldehyde, and its further chemistry contributes to local air pollution. The reaction mechanisms of the radical with NO, NO2, and NO3 were studied by quantum chemistry calculations at the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/def2-TZVP level of theory. The explicit potential energy curves were provided in order to reveal the atmospheric fate of the radical comprehensively. The main products of the reaction of with NO are predicted to be , CO2 and NO2. The reaction of with NO2 is reversible, and its main product would be C6H5C(O)O2NO2 which was predicted to be more stable than PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate) at room temperature. The decomposition of C6H5C(O)O2NO2 at different ambient temperatures would be a potential long-range transport source of NOx in the atmosphere. The predominant products of the reaction are predicted to be C6H5C(O)O2H, C6H5C(O)OH, O2 and O3, while HO˙ is of minor importance. So, the reaction of with would be an important source of ozone and carboxylic acids in the local atmosphere, and has less contribution to the regeneration of HO˙ radicals. The reaction of with NO3 should mainly produce , CO2, O2 and NO2, which might play an important role in atmospheric chemistry of peroxy radicals at night, but has less contribution to the night-time conversion of ( and RO˙) to ( and HO˙) in the local atmosphere. The results above are in good accordance with the reported experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, South Zhongguancun Street # 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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13
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A computational investigation on the HO2 and isopropyl peroxy radical reaction: Mechanism and kinetics. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Iyer S, Reiman H, Møller KH, Rissanen MP, Kjaergaard HG, Kurtén T. Computational Investigation of RO 2 + HO 2 and RO 2 + RO 2 Reactions of Monoterpene Derived First-Generation Peroxy Radicals Leading to Radical Recycling. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9542-9552. [PMID: 30449100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of biogenically emitted volatile organic compounds (BVOC) plays an important role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. Peroxy radicals (RO2) are central intermediates in the BVOC oxidation process. Under clean (low-NO x) conditions, the main bimolecular sink reactions for RO2 are with the hydroperoxy radical (HO2) and with other RO2 radicals. Especially for small RO2, the RO2 + HO2 reaction mainly leads to closed-shell hydroperoxide products. However, there exist other known RO2 + HO2 and RO2 + RO2 reaction channels that can recycle radicals and oxidants in the atmosphere, potentially leading to lower-volatility products and enhancing SOA formation. In this work, we present a thermodynamic overview of two such reactions: (a) RO2 + HO2 → RO + OH + O2 and (b) R'O2 + RO2 → R'O + RO + O2 for selected monoterpene + oxidant derived peroxy radicals. The monoterpenes considered are α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, trans-β-ocimene, and Δ3-carene. The oxidants considered are the hydroxyl radical (OH), the nitrate radical (NO3), and ozone (O3). The reaction Gibbs energies were calculated at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-QZVPP//ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. All reactions studied here were found to be exergonic in terms of Gibbs energy. On the basis of a comparison with previous mechanistic studies, we predict that reaction a and reaction b are likely to be most important for first-generation peroxy radicals from O3 oxidation (especially for β-pinene), while being less so for most first-generation peroxy radicals from OH and NO3 oxidation. This is because both reactions are comparatively more exergonic for the O3 oxidized systems than their OH and NO3 oxidized counterparts. Our results indicate that bimolecular reactions of certain complex RO2 may contribute to an increase in radical and oxidant recycling under high HO2 conditions in the atmosphere, which can potentially enhance SOA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Heidi Reiman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Matti P Rissanen
- Department of Physics and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
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15
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Vereecken L, Aumont B, Barnes I, Bozzelli J, Goldman M, Green W, Madronich S, Mcgillen M, Mellouki A, Orlando J, Picquet-Varrault B, Rickard A, Stockwell W, Wallington T, Carter W. Perspective on Mechanism Development and Structure-Activity Relationships for Gas-Phase Atmospheric Chemistry. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Vereecken
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research: IEK-8 Troposphere; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Jülich Germany
| | - B. Aumont
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA); UMR 7583 CNRS; Universités Paris-Est Créteil et Paris Diderot; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Créteil Cedex France
| | - I. Barnes
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Physical & Theoretical Chemistry; University of Wuppertal; Wuppertal Germany
| | - J.W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102
| | - M.J. Goldman
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - W.H. Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - S. Madronich
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder CO 80307
| | - M.R. Mcgillen
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - A. Mellouki
- Institut de Combustion; Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE); CNRS/OSUC; 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - J.J. Orlando
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder CO 80307
| | - B. Picquet-Varrault
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA); UMR 7583 CNRS; Universités Paris-Est Créteil et Paris Diderot; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Créteil Cedex France
| | - A.R. Rickard
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories; Department of Chemistry; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - W.R. Stockwell
- Department of Physics; University of Texas at El Paso; El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - T.J. Wallington
- Research & Advanced Engineering; Ford Motor Company; Dearborn MI 48121-2053
| | - W.P.L. Carter
- College of Engineering; Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT); University of California; Riverside CA 92521
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16
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Wennberg PO, Bates KH, Crounse JD, Dodson LG, McVay RC, Mertens LA, Nguyen TB, Praske E, Schwantes RH, Smarte MD, St Clair JM, Teng AP, Zhang X, Seinfeld JH. Gas-Phase Reactions of Isoprene and Its Major Oxidation Products. Chem Rev 2018. [PMID: 29522327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoprene carries approximately half of the flux of non-methane volatile organic carbon emitted to the atmosphere by the biosphere. Accurate representation of its oxidation rate and products is essential for quantifying its influence on the abundance of the hydroxyl radical (OH), nitrogen oxide free radicals (NO x), ozone (O3), and, via the formation of highly oxygenated compounds, aerosol. We present a review of recent laboratory and theoretical studies of the oxidation pathways of isoprene initiated by addition of OH, O3, the nitrate radical (NO3), and the chlorine atom. From this review, a recommendation for a nearly complete gas-phase oxidation mechanism of isoprene and its major products is developed. The mechanism is compiled with the aims of providing an accurate representation of the flow of carbon while allowing quantification of the impact of isoprene emissions on HO x and NO x free radical concentrations and of the yields of products known to be involved in condensed-phase processes. Finally, a simplified (reduced) mechanism is developed for use in chemical transport models that retains the essential chemistry required to accurately simulate isoprene oxidation under conditions where it occurs in the atmosphere-above forested regions remote from large NO x emissions.
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17
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Iyer S, He X, Hyttinen N, Kurtén T, Rissanen MP. Computational and Experimental Investigation of the Detection of HO 2 Radical and the Products of Its Reaction with Cyclohexene Ozonolysis Derived RO 2 Radicals by an Iodide-Based Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6778-6789. [PMID: 28796517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The HO2 radical is an important atmospheric molecule that can potentially influence the termination of autoxidation processes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that lead to the formation of highly oxygenated multifunctional compounds (HOMs). In this work, we demonstrate the direct detection of the HO2 radical using an iodide-based chemical ionization mass spectrometer (iodide-CIMS). Expanding on the previously established correlation between molecule-iodide binding enthalpy and iodide-CIMS instrument sensitivity, the experimental detection of the HO2 radical was preceded by the quantum chemical calculation of the HO2*I- cluster (PBE/aug-cc-pVTZ-PP level), which showed a reasonably strong binding enthalpy of 21.60 kcal/mol. Cyclohexene ozonolysis intermediates and closed-shell products were next detected by the iodide-CIMS. The ozone-initiated cyclohexene oxidation mechanism was perturbed by the introduction of the HO2 radical, leading to the formation of closed-shell hydroperoxides. The experimental investigation once again followed the initial computational molecule-iodide binding enthalpy calculations. The quantum chemical calculations were performed at the PBE/aug-cc-pVTZ-PP level for radicals and DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-QZVPP//PBE/aug-cc-pVTZ-PP level for the closed-shell products. A comparison between the iodide-CIMS and nitrate-CIMS spectra with identical measurement steps revealed that the iodide-CIMS was able to detect the low-oxidized (O/C ratio 0.5 and 0.66) cyclohexene ozonolysis monomer products more efficiently than nitrate-CIMS. Higher-oxidized monomers (O/C ratio 1 to 1.5) were detected equally well by both methods. An investigation of dimers showed that both iodide- and nitrate-CIMS were able to detect the dimer compositions possibly formed from reactions between the peroxy radical monomers considered in this study. Additionally, iodide-CIMS detected organic ions that were formed by a previously suggested mechanism of dehydroxylation of peroxy acids (and deoxygenation of acyl peroxy radicals) by H2O*I- clusters. These mechanisms were computationally verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, 00100, Finland
| | - Xucheng He
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, 00100, Finland
| | - Noora Hyttinen
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, 00100, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, 00100, Finland
| | - Matti P Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, 00100, Finland
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18
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Cossel KC, Waxman EM, Finneran IA, Blake GA, Ye J, Newbury NR. Gas-phase broadband spectroscopy using active sources: progress, status, and applications. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. B, OPTICAL PHYSICS 2017; 34:104-129. [PMID: 28630530 PMCID: PMC5473295 DOI: 10.1364/josab.34.000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Broadband spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for measuring multiple gas-phase species simultaneously. In this work we review basic techniques, implementations, and current applications for broadband spectroscopy. We discuss components of broad-band spectroscopy including light sources, absorption cells, and detection methods and then discuss specific combinations of these components in commonly-used techniques. We finish this review by discussing potential future advances in techniques and applications of broad-band spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C. Cossel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Eleanor M. Waxman
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Ian A. Finneran
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Geoffrey A. Blake
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Jun Ye
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Nathan R. Newbury
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
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19
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McGillen MR, Tyndall GS, Orlando JJ, Pimentel AS, Medeiros DJ, Burkholder JB. Experimentally Determined Site-Specific Reactivity of the Gas-Phase OH and Cl + i-Butanol Reactions Between 251 and 340 K. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9968-9981. [PMID: 28002951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Product branching ratios for the gas-phase reactions of i-butanol, (CH3)2CHCH2OH, with OH radicals (251, 294, and 340 K) and Cl atoms (294 K) were quantified in an environmental chamber study and used to interpret i-butanol site-specific reactivity. i-Butyraldehyde, acetone, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde were observed as major stable end products in both reaction systems with carbon mass balance indistinguishable from unity. Product branching ratios for OH oxidation were found to be temperature-dependent with the α, β, and γ channels changing from 34 ± 6 to 47 ± 1%, from 58 ± 6 to 37 ± 9%, and from 8 ± 1 to 16 ± 4%, respectively, between 251 and 340 K. Recommended temperature-dependent site-specific modified Arrhenius expressions for the OH reaction rate coefficient are (cm3 molecule-1 s-1): kα(T) = 8.64 × 10-18 × T1.91exp(666/T); kβ(T) = 5.15 × 10-19 × T2.04exp(1304/T); kγ(T) = 3.20 × 10-17 × T1.78exp(107/T); kOH(T) = 2.10 × 10-18 × T2exp(-23/T), where kTotal(T) = kα(T) + kβ(T) + kγ(T) + kOH(T). The expressions were constrained using the product branching ratios measured in this study and previous total phenomenological rate coefficient measurements. The site-specific expressions compare reasonably well with recent theoretical work. It is shown that use of i-butanol would result in acetone as the dominant degradation product under most atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max R McGillen
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Geoffrey S Tyndall
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research , Boulder, Colorado 80307, United States
| | - John J Orlando
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research , Boulder, Colorado 80307, United States
| | - Andre S Pimentel
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo J Medeiros
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - James B Burkholder
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
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20
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Schwantes RH, Teng AP, Nguyen TB, Coggon MM, Crounse JD, St Clair JM, Zhang X, Schilling KA, Seinfeld JH, Wennberg PO. Isoprene NO3 Oxidation Products from the RO2 + HO2 Pathway. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:10158-71. [PMID: 26335780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe the products of the reaction of the hydroperoxy radical (HO(2)) with the alkylperoxy radical formed following addition of the nitrate radical (NO(3)) and O(2) to isoprene. NO(3) adds preferentially to the C(1) position of isoprene (>6 times more favorably than addition to C(4)), followed by the addition of O(2) to produce a suite of nitrooxy alkylperoxy radicals (RO(2)). At an RO(2) lifetime of ∼30 s, δ-nitrooxy and β-nitrooxy alkylperoxy radicals are present in similar amounts. Gas-phase product yields from the RO(2) + HO(2) pathway are identified as 0.75-0.78 isoprene nitrooxy hydroperoxide (INP), 0.22 methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) + formaldehyde (CH(2)O) + hydroxyl radical (OH) + nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), and 0-0.03 methacrolein (MACR) + CH(2)O + OH + NO(2). We further examined the photochemistry of INP and identified propanone nitrate (PROPNN) and isoprene nitrooxy hydroxyepoxide (INHE) as the main products. INHE undergoes similar heterogeneous chemistry as isoprene dihydroxy epoxide (IEPOX), likely contributing to atmospheric secondary organic aerosol formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Schwantes
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Alexander P Teng
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tran B Nguyen
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Matthew M Coggon
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - John D Crounse
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jason M St Clair
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States.,Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County , Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Katherine A Schilling
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - John H Seinfeld
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.,Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul O Wennberg
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.,Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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21
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Rissanen MP, Kurtén T, Sipilä M, Thornton JA, Kausiala O, Garmash O, Kjaergaard HG, Petäjä T, Worsnop DR, Ehn M, Kulmala M. Effects of Chemical Complexity on the Autoxidation Mechanisms of Endocyclic Alkene Ozonolysis Products: From Methylcyclohexenes toward Understanding α-Pinene. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4633-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp510966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti P. Rissanen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Sipilä
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joel A. Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric
Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Oskari Kausiala
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olga Garmash
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik G. Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Douglas R. Worsnop
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Aerodyne Research Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Mikael Ehn
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Praske E, Crounse JD, Bates KH, Kurtén T, Kjaergaard HG, Wennberg PO. Atmospheric fate of methyl vinyl ketone: peroxy radical reactions with NO and HO2. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4562-72. [PMID: 25486386 DOI: 10.1021/jp5107058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
First generation product yields from the OH-initiated oxidation of methyl vinyl ketone (3-buten-2-one, MVK) under both low and high NO conditions are reported. In the low NO chemistry, three distinct reaction channels are identified leading to the formation of (1) OH, glycolaldehyde, and acetyl peroxy R2a , (2) a hydroperoxide R2b , and (3) an α-diketone R2c . The α-diketone likely results from HOx-neutral chemistry previously only known to occur in reactions of HO2 with halogenated peroxy radicals. Quantum chemical calculations demonstrate that all channels are kinetically accessible at 298 K. In the high NO chemistry, glycolaldehyde is produced with a yield of 74 ± 6.0%. Two alkyl nitrates are formed with a combined yield of 4.0 ± 0.6%. We revise a three-dimensional chemical transport model to assess what impact these modifications in the MVK mechanism have on simulations of atmospheric oxidative chemistry. The calculated OH mixing ratio over the Amazon increases by 6%, suggesting that the low NO chemistry makes a non-negligible contribution toward sustaining the atmospheric radical pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Praske
- †Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - John D Crounse
- ‡Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kelvin H Bates
- †Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theo Kurtén
- § Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Paul O Wennberg
- ‡Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.,⊥Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Shao Y, Hou H, Wang B. Theoretical study of the mechanisms and kinetics of the reactions of hydroperoxy (HO2) radicals with hydroxymethylperoxy (HOCH2O2) and methoxymethylperoxy (CH3OCH2O2) radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22805-14. [PMID: 25243915 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02747g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The peroxy–peroxy radical reactions show spin, conformation and temperature dependence, forming formic acid and hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiang Shao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Orlando JJ, Tyndall GS. Laboratory studies of organic peroxy radical chemistry: an overview with emphasis on recent issues of atmospheric significance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6294-317. [PMID: 22847633 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35166h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J Orlando
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Earth System Laboratory, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, Boulder, USA.
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