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Que L, Yu F, Wu J, Lan Z, Feng Y, Zhao R, Sun Z, Yang Z, Luo H, Chao D. Unveil the origin of voltage oscillation for sodium-ion batteries operating at -40 °C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311075121. [PMID: 38625942 PMCID: PMC11047101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311075121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage oscillation at subzero in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) has been a common but overlooked scenario, almost yet to be understood. For example, the phenomenon seriously deteriorates the performance of Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode in PC (propylene carbonate)/EC (ethylene carbonate)-based electrolyte at -20 °C. Here, the correlation between voltage oscillation, structural evolution, and electrolytes has been revealed based on theoretical calculations, in-/ex-situ techniques, and cross-experiments. It is found that the local phase transition of the Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode in PC/EC-based electrolyte at -20 °C should be responsible for the oscillatory phenomenon. Furthermore, the low exchange current density originating from the high desolvation energy barrier in NVP-PC/EC system also aggravates the local phase transformation, resulting in severe voltage oscillation. By introducing the diglyme solvent with lower Na-solvent binding energy, the voltage oscillation of the NVP can be eliminated effectively at subzero. As a result, the high capacity retentions of 98.3% at -20 °C and 75.3% at -40 °C are achieved. The finding provides insight into the abnormal SIBs degradation and brings the voltage oscillation behavior of rechargeable batteries into the limelight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Que
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen361021, China
| | - Fuda Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen361021, China
| | - Jihuai Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen361021, China
| | - Zhang Lan
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen361021, China
| | - Yutong Feng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Ruizheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Zhihao Sun
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Hao Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian361024, China
| | - Dongliang Chao
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
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Shi H, Wang G, Wang Z, Yang L, Zhang S, Dong S, Qu B, Du A, Li Z, Zhou X, Cui G. Understanding the Cathode-Electrolyte Interfacial Chemistry in Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2401536. [PMID: 38582502 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential to provide high energy density, utilize earth-abundant raw materials, and employ metal anode safely. Currently, the lack of applicable cathode materials has become one of the bottleneck issues for fully exploiting the technological advantages of RMBs. Recent studies on Mg cathodes reveal divergent storage performance depending on the electrolyte formulation, posing interfacial issues as a previously overlooked challenge. This minireview begins with an introduction of representative cathode-electrolyte interfacial phenomena in RMBs, elaborating on the unique solvation behavior of Mg2+, which lays the foundation for interfacial chemistries. It is followed by presenting recently developed strategies targeting the promotion of Mg2+ desolvation in the electrolyte and alternative cointercalation approaches to circumvent the desolvation step. In addition, efforts to enhance the cathode-electrolyte compatibility via electrolyte development and interfacial engineering are highlighted. Based on the abovementioned discussions, this minireview finally puts forward perspectives and challenges on the establishment of a stable interface and fast interfacial chemistry for RMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hucheng Shi
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guixin Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhechen Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Baihua Qu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Aobing Du
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhenyou Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
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Zhang W, Issa K, Tang T, Zhang H. Role of Hydroperoxyl Radicals in Heterogeneous Oxidation of Oxygenated Organic Aerosols. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:4727-4736. [PMID: 38411392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous oxidative aging of organic aerosols (OA) occurs ubiquitously in the atmosphere, initiated by oxidants, such as the hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2•) are also an important oxidant in the troposphere, and its gas-phase chemistry has been well studied. However, the role of HO2• in heterogeneous OA oxidation remains elusive. Here, we carry out •OH-initiated heterogeneous oxidation of several OA model systems under different HO2• conditions in a flow tube reactor and characterize the molecular oxidation products using a suite of mass spectrometry instrumentation. By using hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) with thermal desorption iodide-adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry, we provide direct observation of organic hydroperoxide (ROOH) formation from heterogeneous HO2• and peroxy radicals (RO2•) reactions for the first time. The ROOH may contribute substantially to the oxidation products, varied with the parent OA chemical structure. Furthermore, by regulating RO2• reaction pathways, HO2• also greatly influence the overall composition of the oxidized OA. Last, we suggest that the RO2• + HO2• reactions readily occur at the OA particle interface rather than in the particle bulk. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the heterogeneous OA oxidation chemistry and help fill the critical knowledge gap in understanding atmospheric OA oxidative aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Kassem Issa
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Tiffany Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Haofei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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Zhong M, Bai M, Shen W, Zhang J, Guo S. Fluorine-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers Grafted Graphite Anode Inducing a LiF-Dominated SEI Inorganic Layer for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:5813-5822. [PMID: 38272467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical kinetic processes of Li+ ions, including the desolvation of the Li+ ions from the electrolyte to the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), the transportation of desolvated Li+ ions across the SEI, and the charge transfer at the interface between the SEI and graphite, determine the rate performance and cycling stability of the graphitic anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, fluorine-terminated self-assembled monolayers were grafted on the surface of spherical graphite particles to regulate the chemical composition and structure of SEI formed on the graphite surface in the presence of conventional ester electrolytes. The comprehensive characterization and first-principles calculation results illustrate that a uniform LiF-dominated SEI film can be generated on the as-functionalized graphite anode due to the carbon-fluorine bonds' cleavage of fluorine-terminated self-assembled monolayers. The LiF-dominated SEI film is particularly beneficial for desolvated lithium-ion transport across the SEI, affording LiCoO2//graphite full cells with substantially enhanced fast-charging capability and cycle stability. This strategy should be potentially useful for modifying other anode materials to regulate the interfacial chemistry between the anode and electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingliang Bai
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenzhuo Shen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shouwu Guo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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5
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Samanta S, Paul S, Debnath T. Obtaining Ligand-Free Aqueous Au-Nanoparticles Using Reversible CsPbBr 3 ↔ Au@CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystal Transformation. Small 2024:e2311712. [PMID: 38258404 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Water-hexane interfacial preparation of photostable Au@CsPbBr3 (Au@CPB) hybrid nanocrystals (NCs) from pure CsPbBr3 (CPB) NCs is reported, with the coexistence of exciton and localized surface plasmon resonance with equal dominance. This enables strong exciton-plasmon coupling in these plasmonic perovskite NCs where not only the photoluminescence is quenched intrinsically due to ultrafast charge separation, but also the light absorption property increases significantly, covering the entire visible region. Using a controlled interfacial strategy, a reversible chemical transformation between CPB and Au@CPB NCs is shown, with the simultaneous eruption of larger-size ligand-free aqueous Au nanoparticles (NPs). An adsorption-desorption mechanism is proposed for the reversible transformation, while the overgrowth reaction of the Au NPs passes through the Au aggregation intermediate. This study further shows that the plasmonic Au@CPB hybrid NCs as well as ligand-free Au NPs exhibit clear surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of a commercially available probe molecule. Overall, the beautiful interfacial chemistry delivers two independent plasmonic materials, i.e., Au@CPB NCs and ligand-free aqueous Au NPs, which may find important implications in photocatalytic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Samanta
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Tushar Debnath
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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6
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Bracco JN, Camacho Meneses G, Colón O, Yuan K, Stubbs JE, Eng PJ, Wanhala AK, Einkauf JD, Boebinger MG, Stack AG, Weber J. Reaction Layer Formation on MgO in the Presence of Humidity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:712-722. [PMID: 38157368 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mineralization by MgO is an attractive potential strategy for direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 due to its tendency to form carbonate phases upon exposure to water and CO2. Hydration of MgO during this process is typically assumed to not be rate limiting, even at ambient temperatures. However, surface passivation by hydrated phases likely reduces the CO2 capture capacity. Here, we examine the initial hydration reactions that occur on MgO(100) surfaces to determine whether they could potentially impact CO2 uptake. We first used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to explore changes in reaction layers in water (pH = 6 and 12) and MgO-saturated solution (pH = 11) and found the reaction layers on MgO are heterogeneous and nonuniform. To determine how relative humidity (R.H.) affects reactivity, we reacted samples at room temperature in nominally dry N2 (∼11-12% R.H.) for up to 12 h, in humid (>95% R.H.) N2 for 5, 10, and 15 min, and in air at 33 and 75% R.H. for 8 days. X-ray reflectivity and electron microscopy analysis of the samples reveal that hydrated phases form rapidly upon exposure to humid air, but the growth of the hydrated reaction layer slows after its initial formation. Reaction layer thickness is strongly correlated with R.H., with denser reaction layers forming in 75% R.H. compared with 33% R.H. or nominally dry N2. The reaction layers are likely amorphous or poorly crystalline based on grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements. After exposure to 75% R.H. in air for 8 days, the reaction layer increases in density as compared to the sample reacted in humid N2 for 5-15 min. This may represent an initial step toward the crystallization of the reaction layer. Overall, high R.H. favors the formation of a hydrated, disordered layer on MgO. Based on our results, DAC in a location with a higher R.H. will be favorable, but growth may slow significantly from initial rates even on short timescales, presumably due to surface passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn N Bracco
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016-4309, United States
| | - Gabriela Camacho Meneses
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
| | - Omar Colón
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367-0904, United States
| | - Ke Yuan
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Joanne E Stubbs
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Peter J Eng
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Anna K Wanhala
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Einkauf
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthew G Boebinger
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Juliane Weber
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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Krause KD, Rees K, Algar WR. Assessing the Steric Impact of Surface Ligands on the Proteolytic Turnover of Quantum Dot-Peptide Conjugates. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 38047551 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are important biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The advantageous properties of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have made these nanoparticles useful as probes for protease activity; however, the effects of QD surface chemistry on protease activity are not yet fully understood. Here, we present a systematic study of the impact of sterics on the proteolysis of QD-peptide conjugates. The study utilized eight proteases (chymotrypsin, trypsin, endoproteinase Lys C, papain, endoproteinase Arg C, thrombin, factor Xa, and plasmin) and 41 distinct surface chemistries. The latter included three molecular weights of each of three macromolecular ligands derived from dextran and polyethylene glycol, as well as anionic and zwitterionic small-molecule ligands, and an array of mixed coatings of macromolecular and small-molecule ligands. These surface chemistries spanned a diversity of thicknesses, densities, and packing organization, as characterized by gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, and infrared spectroscopy. The macromolecular ligands decreased the adsorption of proteases on the QDs and decelerated proteolysis of the QD-peptide conjugates via steric hindrance. The properties of the QD surface chemistry, rather than the protease properties, were the main factor in determining the magnitude of deceleration. The broad scope of this study provides insights into the many ways in which QD surface chemistry affects protease activity, and will inform the development of optimized nanoparticle-peptide conjugates for sensing of protease activity and resistance to unwanted proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Cheng F, Cao M, Li Q, Fang C, Han J, Huang Y. Electrolyte Salts for Sodium-Ion Batteries: NaPF 6 or NaClO 4? ACS Nano 2023; 17:18608-18615. [PMID: 37710356 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
NaClO4 and NaPF6, the most universally adopted electrolyte salts in commercial sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), have a decisive influence on the interfacial chemistry, which is closely related to electrochemical performance. The complicated and ambiguous interior mechanism of microscopic interfacial chemistry has prevented reaching a consensus regarding the most suitable sodium salt for high-performance SIB electrolytes. Herein, we reveal that the solvation structure induced by different sodium salt anions determines the Na+ desolvation kinetics and interfacial film evolution process. Specifically, the weak interaction between Na+ and PF6- promoted sodium desolvation and storage kinetics. The solvation structure involving PF6- induced the anion's preferential decomposition, generating a thin, inorganic compound-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase that ensured interface stability and inhibited solvent decomposition, thereby guaranteeing electrode stability and promoting the charge transfer kinetics. This study provides clear evidence that NaPF6 is not only more compatible with industrial processes but also more conducive to battery performance. Commercial electrolyte design employing NaPF6 will undoubtedly promote the industrialization of SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Wen J, Fu H, Zhang D, Ma X, Wu L, Fan L, Yu X, Zhou J, Lu B. Nonfluorinated Antisolvents for Ultrastable Potassium-Ion Batteries. ACS Nano 2023; 17:16135-16146. [PMID: 37561922 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A robust interface between the electrode and electrolyte is essential for the long-term cyclability of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). An effective strategy for achieving this objective is to enhance the formation of an anion-derived, robust, and stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) via electrolyte structure engineering. Herein, inspired by the application of antisolvents in recrystallization, we propose a nonfluorinated antisolvent strategy to optimize the electrolyte solvation structure. In contrast to the conventional localized superconcentrated electrolyte introducing high-fluorinated ether solvent, the anion-cation interaction is considerably enhanced by introducing a certain amount of nonfluorinated antisolvent into a phosphate-based electrolyte, thereby promoting the formation of a thin and stable SEI to ensure excellent cycling performance of PIBs. Consequently, the nonfluorinated antisolvent electrolyte exhibits superior stability in the K||graphite cell (negligible capacity degradation after 1000 cycles) and long-term cycling in the K||K symmetric cell (>2200 h), as well as considerably improved oxidation stability. This study demonstrates the feasibility of optimized electrolyte engineering with a nonfluorinated antisolvent, providing an approach to realizing superior electrochemical energy storage systems in PIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Fu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dianwei Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lichen Wu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ling Fan
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhi Yu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 511300, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Bingan Lu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Hou Y, Chen Z, Zhang R, Cui H, Yang Q, Zhi C. Recent advances and interfacial challenges in solid-state electrolytes for rechargeable Li-air batteries. Exploration (Beijing) 2023; 3:20220051. [PMID: 37933378 PMCID: PMC10624384 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Among the promising batteries for electric vehicles, rechargeable Li-air (O2) batteries (LABs) have risen keen interest due to their high energy density. However, safety issues of conventional nonaqueous electrolytes remain the bottleneck of practical implementation of LABs. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with non-flammable and eco-friendly properties are expected to alleviate their safety concerns, which have become a research focus in the research field of LABs. Herein, we present a systematic review on the progress of SSEs for rechargeable LABs, mainly focusing on the interfacial issues existing between the SSEs and electrodes. The discussion highlights the challenges and feasible strategies for designing suitable SSEs for LABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hou
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Ze Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Huilin Cui
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongP. R. China
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Ruan D, Tan L, Chen S, Fan J, Nian Q, Chen L, Wang Z, Ren X. Solvent versus Anion Chemistry: Unveiling the Structure-Dependent Reactivity in Tailoring Electrochemical Interphases for Lithium-Metal Batteries. JACS Au 2023; 3:953-963. [PMID: 37006759 PMCID: PMC10052229 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytes are critical for the reversibility of various electrochemical energy storage systems. The recent development of electrolytes for high-voltage Li-metal batteries has been counting on the salt anion chemistry for building stable interphases. Herein, we investigate the effect of the solvent structure on the interfacial reactivity and discover profound solvent chemistry of designed monofluoro-ether in anion-enriched solvation structures, which enables enhanced stabilization of both high-voltage cathodes and Li-metal anodes. Systematic comparison of different molecular derivatives provides an atomic-scale understanding of the unique solvent structure-dependent reactivity. The interaction between Li+ and the monofluoro (-CH2F) group significantly influences the electrolyte solvation structure and promotes the monofluoro-ether-based interfacial reactions over the anion chemistry. With in-depth analyses of the compositions, charge transfer, and ion transport at interfaces, we demonstrated the essential role of the monofluoro-ether solvent chemistry in tailoring highly protective and conductive interphases (with enriched LiF at full depths) on both electrodes, as opposed to the anion-derived ones in typical concentrated electrolytes. As a result, the solvent-dominant electrolyte chemistry enables a high Li Coulombic efficiency (∼99.4%) and stable Li anode cycling at a high rate (10 mA cm-2), together with greatly improved cycling stability of 4.7 V-class nickel-rich cathodes. This work illustrates the underlying mechanism of the competitive solvent and anion interfacial reaction schemes in Li-metal batteries and offers fundamental insights into the rational design of electrolytes for future high-energy batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digen Ruan
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lijiang Tan
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shunqiang Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiajia Fan
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qingshun Nian
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Key
Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zihong Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaodi Ren
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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12
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Kim S, Pol VG. Tailored Solvation and Interface Structures by Tetrahydrofuran-Derived Electrolyte Facilitates Ultralow Temperature Lithium Metal Battery Operations. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202202143. [PMID: 36508585 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ineffectiveness of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) in cold climates hinders electronics to work in various conditions including frigid environments, despite high demands. Given that intrinsic properties of LIB materials cause this problem, optimized cell chemistries ultimately are required for low-temperature usage. In this study, Li-metal batteries (LMBs) composed of a Li-metal anode (LMA) stabilized by a localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) are found to significantly enhance low-temperature performance. The LHCE allows the LMA to have compact and regular deposition and excellent plating/stripping efficiency at sub-zero temperatures. The LHCE produces an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interphase with larger amounts of Li2 O/LiF interfaces, dominance of ion aggregates in Li+ solvation, and enhanced Li+ transport, which can greatly improve the LMA stability. LMB full cells based on LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cathodes with the tailored electrolyte show high retentions of 75 and 64 % at -20 and -40 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the LMB configuration retains its charge-discharge capability even at -60 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohwan Kim
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Vilas G Pol
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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13
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Hu S, Zhao P, Nakano K, Oliver RDJ, Pascual J, Smith JA, Yamada T, Truong MA, Murdey R, Shioya N, Hasegawa T, Ehara M, Johnston MB, Tajima K, Kanemitsu Y, Snaith HJ, Wakamiya A. Synergistic Surface Modification of Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2208320. [PMID: 36482007 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces in thin-film photovoltaics play a pivotal role in determining device efficiency and longevity. In this work, the top surface treatment of mixed tin-lead (≈1.26 eV) halide perovskite films for p-i-n solar cells is studied. Charge extraction is promoted by treating the perovskite surface with piperazine. This compound reacts with the organic cations at the perovskite surface, modifying the surface structure and tuning the interfacial energy level alignment. In addition, the combined treatment with C60 pyrrolidine tris-acid (CPTA) reduces hysteresis and leads to efficiencies up to 22.7%, with open-circuit voltage values reaching 0.90 V, ≈92% of the radiative limit for the bandgap of this material. The modified cells also show superior stability, with unencapsulated cells retaining 96% of their initial efficiency after >2000 h of storage in N2 and encapsulated cells retaining 90% efficiency after >450 h of storage in air. Intriguingly, CPTA preferentially binds to Sn2+ sites at film surface over Pb2+ due to the energetically favored exposure of the former, according to first-principles calculations. This work provides new insights into the surface chemistry of perovskite films in terms of their structural, electronic, and defect characteristics and this knowledge is used to fabricate state-of-the-art solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Pei Zhao
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kyohei Nakano
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Robert D J Oliver
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jorge Pascual
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Joel A Smith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Michael B Johnston
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Keisuke Tajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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14
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Ding K, Xu C, Peng Z, Long X, Shi J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Lai J, Chen L, Cai YP, Zheng Q. Tuning the Solvent Alkyl Chain to Tailor Electrolyte Solvation for Stable Li-Metal Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:44470-44478. [PMID: 36130034 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Dimethoxyethane (DME) has been considered as the most promising electrolyte solvent for Li-metal batteries (LMBs). However, challenges arise from insufficient Li Coulombic efficiency (CE) and poor anodic stability associated with DME-based electrolytes. Here, we proposed a rational molecular design methodology to tailor electrolyte solvation for stable LMBs, where shortening the middle alkyl chain of the solvent could reduce the chelation ability, while increasing the terminal alkyl chain of the solvent could increase the steric hindrance, affording a diethoxymethane (DEM) solvent with ultra-weak solvation ability. When serving as a single solvent for electrolyte, a peculiar solvation structure dominated by contact ion pairs (CIPs) and aggregates (AGGs) was achieved even at a regular salt concentration of 1 m, which gives rise to anion-derived interfacial chemistry. This illustrates an unprecedentedly high Li||Cu CE of 99.1% for a single-salt single-solvent (non-fluorinated) electrolyte at ∼1 m. Moreover, this 1 m DEM-based electrolyte also remarkably suppresses the anodic dissolution of Al current collectors and significantly improves the cycling performance of high-voltage cathodes. This work opens up new frontiers in engineering electrolytes toward stable LMBs with high energy densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Ding
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zehang Peng
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Long
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junkai Shi
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongliang Li
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Lai
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Luyi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue-Peng Cai
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qifeng Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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15
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Agarwal PPK, Matsoukas T. Enhanced Energetic Performance of Aluminum Nanoparticles by Plasma Deposition of Perfluorinated Nanofilms. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:35255-35264. [PMID: 35862005 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The performance of Al as nanoenergetic material in solid fuel propulsion or additive in liquid fuels is limited by the presence of the native oxide layer at the surface, which represents a significant weight fraction, does not contribute to heat release during oxidation, and acts as a diffusion barrier to Al oxidation. We develop an efficient technique in which the oxide layer is effectively turned into an energetic component via a reaction with fluorine that is coated in the form of a fluorocarbon nanofilm on the Al surface by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Perfluorodecalin vapors are introduced in a low-pressure plasma reactor to produce nanofilms on the surface of Al nanoparticles, whose thickness is controlled with nanolevel precision as demonstrated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Coated particles show superior heat release, with a maximum enhancement of 50% at a thickness of 10 nm. This significant improvement is attributed to the chemical interaction between Al2O3 and F to form AlF3, which removes the oxide barrier via an exothermic reaction and contributes to the amount of heat released during thermal oxidation. The chemistry and mechanism of the enhancement effect of the plasma nanofilms are explained with the help of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawal P K Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Themis Matsoukas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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16
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He J, Tao T, Yang F, Sun Z. Optimizing the Electrolyte Systems for Na 3 (VO 1-x PO 4 ) 2 F 1+2x (0≤x≤1) Cathode and Understanding their Interfacial Chemistries Towards High-Rate Sodium-Ion Batteries. ChemSusChem 2022; 15:e202102522. [PMID: 35050553 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been regarded as promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to the abundance of sodium resource and cost-effectiveness of electrode manufacture. Na3 (VO1-x PO4 )2 F1+2x (0≤x≤1, NVPF1+2x ) polyanionic material, a potential high-energy-density cathode, has shown superior electrochemical performances for advanced SIBs due to its high working voltage (>3.9 V). Electrolyte composition, which plays an indispensable and critical role in determining the cycle stability and the electrode/electrolyte interfacial properties, is of great significance to possess good compatibility with electrode materials, especially the NVPF1+2x cathode. Here, different electrolyte systems, including commonly used 1.0 m NaPF6 /diglyme (NP-005), 1.0 m NaPF6 /propylene carbonate (PC)/5.0 % fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) (NP-009), 1.0 m NaClO4 /ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate (EC-DMC; 1 : 1 v/v)/5.0 % FEC (NC-019), and 1.0 m NaClO4 /PC (NC-013), were systematically investigated and compared for NVPF1+2x cathode. NVPF1+2x electrode with NP-009 electrolyte showed a superior cycle stability and rate capability at 1-10 C (1 C=130 mA g-1 ) than that of NC-019 and NC-013, while NVPF1+2x electrode with NP-005 electrolyte showed the best high-rate capability at 20-50 C. The cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI), post-mortem electrode morphology, and electrochemical kinetic characteristics of NVPF1+2x electrode with different electrolytes were profoundly investigated and compared. It demonstrated that NVPF1+2x electrode with NP-005 exhibited a thin, efficient, and NaF-rich CEI layer with less polarization, smaller interfacial resistance, and faster Na+ diffusion than that of NC-019 and NC-013 since they suffered from a thick, overgrown CEI layer due to the consecutive decomposition of FEC, NaClO4 , and/or linear DMC, resulting in inferior electrochemical performance. This work provides new insights for the battery community to gain more comprehensive understanding about the compatibility and interfacial chemistry between different electrolyte systems and various electrode surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong He
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Tao Tao
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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17
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Khabashesku V, Filonenko V, Bagramov R, Zibrov I, Anokhin A. Nanoengineered Polycrystalline Diamond Composites with Advanced Wear Resistance and Thermal Stability. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:59560-59566. [PMID: 34866379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated grains of micrometer size diamonds overcoated with nanodiamond particles were used as a feedstock for high-pressure, high-temperature synthesis of new polycrystalline diamond composites (PDCs). Such a nanoengineering approach for exploring the interfacial chemistry of diamonds has been implemented in two methods: (i) infiltration of Co from the WC-Co layer into a fluorinated diamond layer with added Al and (ii) sintering of fluorinated micro- and nanosize diamond homogeneous mixtures with added Al and Co. We found that unlike commercial PDCs made with a metallic Co binder for drilling tools, the binding phase in new composites comprises only intermetallic compound AlCo or ternary carbide AlCo3C. As a result, composites made from homogeneous mixtures showed greater promise for improving the thermal stability, while the two-layer experimental composites during granite turning tests have demonstrated >2 times higher wear resistance than leached commercial PDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Khabashesku
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Vladimir Filonenko
- Vereshchagin Institute of High Pressure Physics RAS, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
| | - Rustem Bagramov
- Vereshchagin Institute of High Pressure Physics RAS, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
| | - Igor Zibrov
- Vereshchagin Institute of High Pressure Physics RAS, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
| | - Alexander Anokhin
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
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18
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Pan SY, Yang XR, Zhou Y, Lv C, Deng HT, Guo MJ, Chen SX, Hu YY, Deng L, Qiao Y, Li JT, Huang L, Yang Y, Sun SG. Formulating a New Electrolyte: Synergy between Low-Polar and Non-polar Solvents in Tailoring the Solid Electrolyte Interface for the Silicon Anode. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:55700-55711. [PMID: 34752083 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are assembled with polar electrolytes; thus, resulting SEI layers are dominated with organics. Herein, a low-polarity electrolyte is formulated with a low-polarity solvent (tetraethyl silicate, TEOS) and a non-polar inert shielding co-solvent (cyclohexane, CYH); solvation behaviors of lithium salt are investigated. The use of such a low-polarity solvent is found to improve the fraction of anions in the solvation sheath of Li+, and the presence of the non-polar co-solvent further shields the reductive decomposition of the solvent on the anode. The resulting SEI layer is relatively rich in LiF and has a 3D cross-linked Si-O network as a skeleton from the decomposition of TEOS molecules, which is more robust to tolerate the damage from the volume expansion of silicon. A Si-nanoparticle-based anode in such a low-polarity electrolyte delivers a capacity as high as 1491 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles, outperforming those in the commercial polar electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Pan
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xue-Rui Yang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chao Lv
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hao-Tian Deng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ming-Jia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shou-Xiao Chen
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yi-Yang Hu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li Deng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun-Tao Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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19
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Gu AY, Musgrave C, Goddard WA, Hoffmann MR, Colussi AJ. Role of Ferryl Ion Intermediates in Fast Fenton Chemistry on Aqueous Microdroplets. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:14370-14377. [PMID: 34213313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the aqueous environment, FeII ions enhance the oxidative potential of ozone and hydrogen peroxide by generating the reactive oxoiron species (ferryl ion, FeIVO2+) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) via Fenton chemistry. Herein, we investigate factors that control the pathways of these reactive intermediates in the oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) in FeII solutions reacting with O3 in both bulk-phase water and on the surfaces of aqueous microdroplets. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is used to quantify the formation of dimethyl sulfone (Me2SO2, from FeIVO2+ + Me2SO) and methanesulfonate (MeSO3-, from ·OH + Me2SO) over a wide range of FeII and O3 concentrations and pH. In addition, the role of environmentally relevant organic ligands on the reaction kinetics was also explored. The experimental results show that Fenton chemistry proceeds at a rate ∼104 times faster on microdroplets than that in bulk-phase water. Since the production of MeSO3- is initiated by ·OH radicals at diffusion-controlled rates, experimental ratios of Me2SO2/MeSO3- > 102 suggest that FeIVO2+ is the dominant intermediate under all conditions. Me2SO2 yields in the presence of ligands, L, vary as volcano-plot functions of E0(LFeIVO2++ O2/LFe2+ + O3) reduction potentials calculated by DFT with a maximum achieved in the case of L≡oxalate. Our findings underscore the key role of ferryl FeIVO2+ intermediates in Fenton chemistry taking place on aqueous microdroplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Y Gu
- Linde Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Charles Musgrave
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A Goddard
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael R Hoffmann
- Linde Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Agustín J Colussi
- Linde Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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20
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Estabrook DA, Day RA, Sletten EM. Redox-Responsive Gene Delivery from Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions through Cleavable Poly(2-oxazoline) Surfactants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17362-17367. [PMID: 33930255 PMCID: PMC8319079 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The clinical utility of emulsions as delivery vehicles is hindered by a dependence on passive release. Stimuli-responsive emulsions overcome this limitation but rely on external triggers or are composed of nanoparticle-stabilized droplets that preclude sizes necessary for biomedical applications. Here, we employ cleavable poly(2-oxazoline) diblock copolymer surfactants to form perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoemulsions that release cargo upon exposure to glutathione. These surfactants allow for the first example of redox-responsive nanoemulsions in cellulo. A noncovalent fluorous tagging strategy is leveraged to solubilize a GFP plasmid inside the PFC nanoemulsions, whereupon protein expression is achieved selectively when employing a stimuli-responsive surfactant. This work contributes a methodology for non-viral gene delivery and represents a general approach to nanoemulsions that respond to endogenous stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Estabrook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rachael A Day
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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21
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Ma Q, Yue J, Fan M, Tan SJ, Zhang J, Wang WP, Liu Y, Tian YF, Xu Q, Yin YX, You Y, Luo A, Xin S, Wu XW, Guo YG. Formulating the Electrolyte Towards High-Energy and Safe Rechargeable Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16554-16560. [PMID: 33955135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries with a cell-level specific energy of >400 Wh kg-1 are highly desired for next-generation storage applications, yet the research has been retarded by poor electrolyte-electrode compatibility and rigorous safety concerns. We demonstrate that by simply formulating the composition of conventional electrolytes, a hybrid electrolyte was constructed to ensure high (electro)chemical and thermal stability with both the Li-metal anode and the nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes. By employing the new electrolyte, Li∥LiNi0.6 Co0.2 Mn0.2 O2 cells show favorable cycling and rate performance, and a 10 Ah Li∥LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 pouch cell demonstrates a practical specific energy of >450 Wh kg-1 . Our findings shed light on reasonable design principles for electrolyte and electrode/electrolyte interfaces toward practical realization of high-energy rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, P. R. China
| | - Junpei Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Min Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Jie Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Quan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xia Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - An Luo
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiong-Wei Wu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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22
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Herrero ACG, Féron M, Bendiab N, Den Hertog M, Reita V, Salut R, Palmino F, Coraux J, Chérioux F. Nano-sheets of two-dimensional polymers with dinuclear (arene)ruthenium nodes, synthesised at a liquid/liquid interface. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:355603. [PMID: 34030148 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new class of mono- or few-layered two-dimensional polymers based on dinuclear (arene)ruthenium nodes, obtained by combining the imine condensation with an interfacial chemistry process, and use a modified Langmuir-Schaefer method to transfer them onto solid surfaces. Robust nano-sheets of two-dimensional polymers including dinuclear complexes of heavy ruthenium atoms as nodes were synthesised. These nano-sheets, whose thickness is of a few tens of nanometers, were suspended onto solid porous membranes. Then, they were thoroughly characterised with a combination of local probes, including Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy in imaging and diffraction mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Féron
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FEMTO-ST, UFC, CNRS, 15B avenue des Montboucons, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Nedjma Bendiab
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut NÉEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Martien Den Hertog
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut NÉEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Reita
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut NÉEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Roland Salut
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FEMTO-ST, UFC, CNRS, 15B avenue des Montboucons, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Frank Palmino
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FEMTO-ST, UFC, CNRS, 15B avenue des Montboucons, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Johann Coraux
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut NÉEL, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Chérioux
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FEMTO-ST, UFC, CNRS, 15B avenue des Montboucons, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
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23
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Zhang X, Pan S, Song H, Guo W, Zhao S, Chen G, Zhang Q, Jin H, Zhang L, Chen Y, Wang S. Polymer-Inorganic Thermoelectric Nanomaterials: Electrical Properties, Interfacial Chemistry Engineering, and Devices. Front Chem 2021; 9:677821. [PMID: 33981678 PMCID: PMC8107684 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.677821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Though solar cells are one of the promising technologies to address the energy crisis, this technology is still far from commercialization. Thermoelectric materials offer a novel opportunity to convert energy between thermal and electrical aspects, which show the feasibility to improve the performance of solar cells via heat management and light harvesting. Polymer–inorganic thermoelectric nanocomposites consisting of inorganic nanomaterials and functional organic polymers represent one kind of advanced hybrid nanomaterials with tunable optical and electrical characteristics and fascinating interfacial and surface chemistry. During the past decades, they have attracted extensive research interest due to their diverse composition, easy synthesis, and large surface area. Such advanced nanomaterials not only inherit low thermal conductivity from polymers and high Seebeck coefficient, and high electrical conductivity from inorganic materials, but also benefit from the additional interface between each component. In this review, we provide an overview of interfacial chemistry engineering and electrical feature of various polymer–inorganic thermoelectric hybrid nanomaterials, including synthetic methods, properties, and applications in thermoelectric devices. In addition, the prospect and challenges of polymer–inorganic nanocomposites are discussed in the field of thermoelectric energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wengai Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingcheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huile Jin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yihuang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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24
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Yan C, Jiang LL, Yao YX, Lu Y, Huang JQ, Zhang Q. Nucleation and Growth Mechanism of Anion-Derived Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Rechargeable Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8521-8525. [PMID: 33496038 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has been widely employed to describe the new phase formed between anode and electrolyte in working batteries. Significant advances have been achieved on the structure and composition of SEI as well as on the possible ion transport mechanism. However, the nucleation and growth mechanism of SEI catches little attention, which requires the establishment of isothermal electrochemical crystallization theory. Herein we explore the virgin territory of electrochemically crystallized SEI. By using potentiostatic method to regulate the decomposition of anions, an anion-derived SEI forms on graphite surface at atomic scale. After fitting the cur-rent-time transients with Laviron theory and Avrami formula, we conclude that the formation of anion-derived interface is surface reaction controlled and obeys the two-dimensional (2D) progressive nucleation and growth model. Atomic force microscope (AFM) images emphasize the conclusion, which reveals the mystery of isothermal electrochemical crystallization of SEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials in Jilin Provincial Universities, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xing Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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25
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Hurley N, Li L, Koenigsmann C, Wong SS. Surfactant-Free Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Perovskite Titania-Based Micron-Scale Motifs Used as Catalytic Supports for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction. Molecules 2021; 26:909. [PMID: 33572201 PMCID: PMC7915617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized and subsequently rationalized the formation of a series of 3D hierarchical metal oxide spherical motifs. Specifically, we varied the chemical composition within a family of ATiO3 (wherein "A" = Ca, Sr, and Ba) perovskites, using a two-step, surfactant-free synthesis procedure to generate structures with average diameters of ~3 microns. In terms of demonstrating the practicality of these perovskite materials, we have explored their use as supports for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) as a function of their size, morphology, and chemical composition. The MOR activity of our target systems was found to increase with decreasing ionic radius of the "A" site cation, in order of Pt/CaTiO3 (CTO) > Pt/SrTiO3 (STO) > Pt/BaTiO3 (BTO). With respect to morphology, we observed an MOR enhancement of our 3D spherical motifs, as compared with either ultra-small or cubic control samples. Moreover, the Pt/CTO sample yielded not only improved mass and specific activity values but also a greater stability and durability, as compared with both commercial TiO2 nanoparticle standards and precursor TiO2 templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Hurley
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; (N.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Luyao Li
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; (N.H.); (L.L.)
| | | | - Stanislaus S. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; (N.H.); (L.L.)
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26
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Zhou X, Lu Y, Zhang Q, Miao L, Zhang K, Yan Z, Li F, Chen J. Exploring the Interfacial Chemistry between Zinc Anodes and Aqueous Electrolytes via an In Situ Visualized Characterization System. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:55476-55482. [PMID: 33237733 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct monitoring of dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and surface passivation can enrich the chemical and morphological understanding of the unstable Zn/electrolyte interface and provide guidelines for rational design of Zn anodes; however, the on-line observation with high precision is hitherto lacking. Herein, we present a real-time comprehensive characterization system, including in situ atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (referred to as the "3M" system), to provide multiscale views on the semisphere nuclei and growth of bump-like dendrites and the potential-dependent chemical and morphological structures of passivated products in a mild acidic electrolyte. It is revealed that the poor interfacial properties can be attributed to the sparse nucleation sites and direct contact of Zn with the electrolyte. The 3M system further visualizes and confirms that the additive polyethylene glycol acts as a Zn2+ distribution promoter and physical barrier and merits stable electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunzhu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Fujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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27
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Liu J, Cao Y, Zhou J, Wang M, Chen H, Yang T, Sun Y, Qian T, Yan C. Artificial Lithium Isopropyl-Sulfide Macromolecules as an Ion-Selective Interface for Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:54537-54544. [PMID: 33216532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The persistent reduction reactions between the hyperactive lithium metal (Li) and dissolved polysulfides would passivate the Li metal and rapidly decrease the cathodic active materials, thus leading to low Coulombic efficiency and a short cycle life of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, we construct artificial lithium isopropyl-sulfide macromolecules as an ion-selective interface on the Li metal (IS-Li) by a facile electrochemical polymerization method, in which the polymer network improves the elasticity and toughness to accommodate the volume change of the Li anode and the formed lithium-organosulfides provide great mechanical strength to resist the destruction of Li dendrites. Importantly, this interfacial layer is proved to be sufficient in damping polysulfide anion diffusion and stopping irreversible reduction between polysulfides and metallic Li, which greatly contribute to the performance improvement of Li-S batteries. The resulting Li-S batteries exhibit long-term stability with high capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency. This effective strategy sets a new approach for regulating the interfacial chemistry of Li metal anodes, which is significant for highly stable Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yufeng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhou
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tingzhou Yang
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tao Qian
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chenglin Yan
- College of Energy, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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28
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Emani PS, Maddah HA, Rangoonwala A, Che S, Prajapati A, Singh MR, Gruen DM, Berry V, Behura SK. Organophilicity of Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Wettability of ZnO Nanorods. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:39772-39780. [PMID: 32805940 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) platelets with one-dimensional zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO) would create mixed-dimensional heterostructures suitable for modern optoelectronic devices. However, there remains a lack in understanding of interfacial chemistry and wettability in GO-coated ZnO nanorods heterostructures. Here, we propose a hydroxyl-based dissociation-exchange mechanism to understand interfacial interactions responsible for GO adsorption onto ZnO nanorods hydrophobic substrates. The proposed mechanism initiated from mixing GO suspensions with various organics would allow us to overcome the poor wettability (θ ∼ 140.5°) of the superhydrophobic ZnO nanorods to the drop-casted GO. The addition of different classes of organics into the relatively high pH GO suspension with a volumetric ratio of 1:3 (organic-to-GO) is believed to introduce free radicals (-OH and -COOH), which consequently result in enhancing adhesion (chemisorption) between ZnO nanorods and GO platelets. The wettability study shows as high as 75% reduction in the contact angle (θ = 35.5°) when the GO suspension is mixed with alcohols (e.g., ethanol) prior to interfacing with ZnO nanorods. The interfacial chemistry developed here brings forth a scalable tool for designing graphene-coated ZnO heterojunctions for photovoltaics, photocatalysis, biosensors, and UV detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan S Emani
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Hisham A Maddah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arjun Rangoonwala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Songwei Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Aditya Prajapati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Meenesh R Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Dieter M Gruen
- Dimerond Technologies, LLC, 1324 59th Street, Downers Grove, Illinois 60516, United States
| | - Vikas Berry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Sanjay K Behura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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29
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Ding Y, Guo X, Qian Y, Xue L, Dolocan A, Yu G. Room-Temperature All-Liquid-Metal Batteries Based on Fusible Alloys with Regulated Interfacial Chemistry and Wetting. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2002577. [PMID: 32548922 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Liquid metal batteries are regarded as potential electrochemical systems for stationary energy storage. Currently, all reported liquid metal batteries need to be operated at temperatures above 240 °C to maintain the metallic electrodes in a molten state. Here, an unprecedented room-temperature liquid metal battery employing a sodium-potassium (Na-K) alloy anode and gallium (Ga)-based alloy cathodes is demonstrated. Compared with lead (Pb)- and mercury (Hg)-based liquid metal electrodes, the nontoxic Ga alloys maintain high environmental benignity. On the basis of improved wetting and stabilized interfacial chemistry, such liquid metal batteries deliver stable cycling performance and negligible self-discharge. Different from the conventional interphase between a typical solid electrode and a liquid electrolyte, the interphase between a liquid metal and a liquid electrolyte is directly visualized via advanced 3D chemical analysis. Insights into this new type of liquid electrode/electrolyte interphase reveal its important role in regulating charge carriers and stabilizing the redox chemistry. With facile cell fabrication, simplified battery structures, high safety, and low maintenance costs, room-temperature liquid metal batteries not only show great prospects for widespread applications, but also offer a pathway toward developing innovative energy-storage devices beyond conventional solid-state batteries or high-temperature batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Xuelin Guo
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yumin Qian
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Leigang Xue
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrei Dolocan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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30
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Deng T, Ji X, Zhao Y, Cao L, Li S, Hwang S, Luo C, Wang P, Jia H, Fan X, Lu X, Su D, Sun X, Wang C, Zhang JG. Tuning the Anode-Electrolyte Interface Chemistry for Garnet-Based Solid-State Li Metal Batteries. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2000030. [PMID: 32363768 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is a promising candidate as the anode for high-energy-density solid-state batteries. However, interface issues, including large interfacial resistance and the generation of Li dendrites, have always frustrated the attempt to commercialize solid-state Li metal batteries (SSLBs). Here, it is reported that infusing garnet-type solid electrolytes (GSEs) with the air-stable electrolyte Li3 PO4 (LPO) dramatically reduces the interfacial resistance to ≈1 Ω cm2 and achieves a high critical current density of 2.2 mA cm-2 under ambient conditions due to the enhanced interfacial stability to the Li metal anode. The coated and infused LPO electrolytes not only improve the mechanical strength and Li-ion conductivity of the grain boundaries, but also form a stable Li-ion conductive but electron-insulating LPO-derived solid-electrolyte interphase between the Li metal and the GSE. Consequently, the growth of Li dendrites is eliminated and the direct reduction of the GSE by Li metal over a long cycle life is prevented. This interface engineering approach together with grain-boundary modification on GSEs represents a promising strategy to revolutionize the anode-electrolyte interface chemistry for SSLBs and provides a new design strategy for other types of solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Deng
- Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Xiao Ji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Longsheng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shuang Li
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Sooyeon Hwang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Haiping Jia
- Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Xiulin Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Lu
- Department of Applied Engineering Technology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Dong Su
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Ji-Guang Zhang
- Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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Strauss F, Teo JH, Schiele A, Bartsch T, Hatsukade T, Hartmann P, Janek J, Brezesinski T. Gas Evolution in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Solid versus Liquid Electrolyte. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:20462-20468. [PMID: 32275815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gas evolution in conventional lithium-ion batteries using Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials presents a serious issue that is responsible for performance decay and safety concerns, among others. Recent findings revealed that gas evolution also occurred in bulk-type solid-state batteries. To further clarify the effect that the electrolyte has on gassing, we report in this work-to the best of our knowledge-the first study comparing gas evolution in lithium-ion batteries with NCM622 cathode material and different electrolyte types, specifically solid (β-Li3PS4 and Li6PS5Cl) versus liquid (LP57). Using isotopic labeling, acid titration, and in situ gas analysis, we show the presence of O2 and CO2 evolution in both systems, albeit with different cumulative amounts, and possible SO2 evolution for the lithium thiophosphate-based cells. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering gas evolution in solid-state batteries, especially the formation and release of highly corrosive SO2, due to side reactions with the electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Strauss
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Jun Hao Teo
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Alexander Schiele
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Timo Bartsch
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Toru Hatsukade
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Pascal Hartmann
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen 67056, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Torsten Brezesinski
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
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32
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Qin B, Schiele A, Jusys Z, Mariani A, Diemant T, Liu X, Brezesinski T, Behm RJ, Varzi A, Passerini S. Highly Reversible Sodiation of Tin in Glyme Electrolytes: The Critical Role of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Its Formation Mechanism. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:3697-3708. [PMID: 31886648 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of high-capacity alloying anodes is a promising yet extremely challenging strategy in building high energy density alkali-ion batteries (AIBs). Excitingly, it was very recently found that the (de-)sodiation of tin (Sn) can be a highly reversible process in specific glyme electrolytes, enabling high specific capacities close to the theoretical value of 847 mA h g-1. The unique solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on Sn electrodes, which allows highly reversible sodiation regardless of the huge volume expansion, is herein demonstrated according to a series of in situ and ex situ characterization techniques. The SEI formation process mainly involves NaPF6 decomposition and the polymerization/oligomerization of the glyme solvent, which is induced by the catalytic effect of tin, specifically. This work provides a paradigm showing how solvent, salt, and electrode materials synergistically mediate the SEI formation process and obtains new insights into the unique interfacial chemistry between Na-alloying electrodes and glyme electrolytes, which is highly enlightening in building high energy density AIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Qin
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biosciences , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , D-76021 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Alexander Schiele
- Institute of Nanotechnology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Zenonas Jusys
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 47 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biosciences , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , D-76021 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Thomas Diemant
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 47 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Xu Liu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biosciences , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , D-76021 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Torsten Brezesinski
- Institute of Nanotechnology , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , Ulm University , Albert-Einstein-Allee 47 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
| | - Alberto Varzi
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biosciences , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , D-76021 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage , Helmholtzstraße 11 , D-89081 Ulm , Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biosciences , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , D-76021 Karlsruhe , Germany
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Maoz R, Berson J, Burshtain D, Nelson P, Zinger A, Bitton O, Sagiv J. Interfacial Electron Beam Lithography: Chemical Monolayer Nanopatterning via Electron-Beam-Induced Interfacial Solid-Phase Oxidation. ACS Nano 2018; 12:9680-9692. [PMID: 30215511 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical nanopatterning-the deliberate nanoscale modification of the chemical nature of a solid surface-is conveniently realized using organic monolayer coatings to impart well-defined chemical functionalities to selected surface regions of the coated solid. Most monolayer patterning methods, however, exploit destructive processes that introduce topographic as well as other undesired structural and chemical transformations along with the desired surface chemical modification. In particular in electron beam lithography (EBL), organic monolayers have been used mainly as ultrathin resists capable of improving the resolution of patterning via local deposition or removal of material. On the basis of the recent discovery of a class of radiation-induced interfacial chemical transformations confined to the contact surface between two solids, we have advanced a direct, nondestructive EBL approach to chemical nanopatterning-interfacial electron beam lithography (IEBL)-demonstrated here by the e-beam-induced local oxidation of the -CH3 surface moieties of a highly ordered self-assembled n-alkylsilane monolayer to -COOH while fully preserving the monolayer structural integrity and molecular organization. In this conceptually different EBL process, the traditional resist is replaced by a thin film coating that acts as a site-activated reagent/catalyst in the chemical modification of the coated surface, here the top surface of the to-be-patterned monolayer. Structural and chemical transformations induced in the thin film coating and the underlying monolayer upon exposure to the electron beam were elucidated using a semiquantitative surface characterization methodology that combines multimode AFM imaging with postpatterning surface chemical modifications and quantitative micro-FTIR measurements. IEBL offers attractive opportunities in chemical nanopatterning, for example, by enabling the application of the advanced EBL technology to the straightforward nanoscale functionalization of the simplest commonly used organosilane monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka Maoz
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Jonathan Berson
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Doron Burshtain
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Peter Nelson
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Ariel Zinger
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Ora Bitton
- Department of Chemical Research Support , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
| | - Jacob Sagiv
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001 , Israel
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Tasker A, Sainsbury F, Puttick S. Particle-Stabilized Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: The Impact of Core Composition on Interfacial Structure. Front Chem 2018; 6:383. [PMID: 30214900 PMCID: PMC6125302 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of small molecule drugs in nanomaterials has become an increasingly popular approach to the delivery of therapeutics. The use of emulsions as templates for the synthesis of drug impregnated nanomaterials is an exciting area of research, and a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the interfacial chemistry that is critical to controlling the physicochemical properties of both the encapsulated material and the templated material. For example, control of the interfacial tension between an oil and aqueous phase is a fundamental concern when designing drug delivery vehicles that are stabilized by particulate surfactants at the fluid interface. Particles in general are capable of self-assembly at a fluid interface, with a preference for one or the other of the phases, and much work has focussed on modification of the particle properties to optimize formation and stability of the emulsion. An issue arises however when a model, single oil system is translated into more complex, real-world scenarios, which are often multi-component, with the incorporation of charged active ingredients and other excipients. The result is potentially a huge change in the properties of the dispersed phase which can lead to a failure in the capability of particles to continue to stabilize the interface. In this mini-review, we will focus on two encapsulation strategies based on the selective deposition of particles or proteins on a fluid-fluid interface: virus-like particles and polymer microcapsules formed from particle-stabilized emulsion templates. The similarity between these colloidal systems lies in the fact that particulate entities are used to stabilize fluid cores. We will focus on those studies that have described the effect of subtle changes in core composition on the self-assembly of particles at the fluid-fluid interface and how this influences the resulting capsule structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Tasker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon Puttick
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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35
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Ma Y, Tai CW, Li S, Edström K, Wei B. Multiscale Interfacial Strategy to Engineer Mixed Metal-Oxide Anodes toward Enhanced Cycling Efficiency. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:20095-20105. [PMID: 29782146 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interconnected macro/mesoporous structures of mixed metal oxide (MMO) are developed on nickel foam as freestanding anodes for Li-ion batteries. The sustainable production is realized via a wet chemical etching process with bio-friendly chemicals. By means of divalent iron doping during an in situ recrystallization process, the as-developed MMO anodes exhibit enhanced levels of cycling efficiency. Furthermore, this atomic-scale modification coherently synergizes with the encapsulation layer across a micrometer scale. During this step, we develop a quasi-gel-state tri-copolymer, i.e., F127-resorcinol-melamine, as the N-doped carbon source to regulate the interfacial chemistry of the MMO electrodes. Electrochemical tests of the modified Fe xNi1- xO@NC-NiF anode in both half-cell and full-cell configurations unravel the favorable suppression of the irreversible capacity loss and satisfactory cyclability at the high rates. This study highlights a proof-of-concept modification strategy across multiple scales to govern the interfacial chemical process of the electrodes toward better reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Center for Nano Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University , 710072 Xi' an , China
| | - Cheuk-Wai Tai
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Shaowen Li
- Center for Nano Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University , 710072 Xi' an , China
| | - Kristina Edström
- Ångström Advanced Battery Centre (ÅABC), Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , SE-75121 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Bingqing Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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36
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Duncan S, Sexton KG, Turpin B. Oxygenated VOCs, aqueous chemistry, and potential impacts on residential indoor air composition. Indoor Air 2018; 28:198-212. [PMID: 28833580 PMCID: PMC5745158 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dampness affects a substantial percentage of homes and is associated with increased risk of respiratory ailments; yet, the effects of dampness on indoor chemistry are largely unknown. We hypothesize that the presence of water-soluble gases and their aqueous processing alters the chemical composition of indoor air and thereby affects inhalation and dermal exposures in damp homes. Herein, we use the existing literature and new measurements to examine the plausibility of this hypothesis, summarize existing evidence, and identify key knowledge gaps. While measurements of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are abundant, measurements of water-soluble organic gases (WSOGs) are not. We found that concentrations of total WSOGs were, on average, 15 times higher inside homes than immediately outside (N = 13). We provide insights into WSOG compounds likely to be present indoors using peer-reviewed literature and insights from atmospheric chemistry. Finally, we discuss types of aqueous chemistry that may occur on indoor surfaces and speculate how this chemistry could affect indoor exposures. Liquid water quantities, identities of water-soluble compounds, the dominant chemistry, and fate of aqueous products are poorly understood. These limitations hamper our ability to determine the effects of aqueous indoor chemistry on dermal and inhalation exposures in damp homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Duncan
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Barbara Turpin
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Corresponding author:
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37
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Wang Y, Xu J, Ootani Y, Bai S, Higuchi Y, Ozawa N, Adachi K, Martin JM, Kubo M. Tight-Binding Quantum Chemical Molecular Dynamics Study on the Friction and Wear Processes of Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings: Effect of Tensile Stress. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:34396-34404. [PMID: 28914057 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have attracted much attention as an excellent solid lubricant due to their low-friction properties. However, wear is still a problem for the durability of DLC coatings. Tensile stress on the surface of DLC coatings has an important effect on the wear behavior during friction. To improve the tribological properties of DLC coatings, we investigate the friction process and wear mechanism under various tensile stresses by using our tight-binding quantum chemical molecular dynamics method. We observe the formation of C-C bonds between two DLC substrates under high tensile stress during friction, leading to a high friction coefficient. Furthermore, under high tensile stress, C-C bond dissociation in the DLC substrates is observed during friction, indicating the atomic-level wear. These dissociations of C-C bonds are caused by the transfer of surface hydrogen atoms during friction. This work provides atomic-scale insights into the friction process and the wear mechanism of DLC coatings during friction under tensile stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jingxiang Xu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ootani
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shandan Bai
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuji Higuchi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuki Ozawa
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Koshi Adachi
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , 6-6-01 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jean Michel Martin
- Laboratory of Tribology and System Dynamics, Ecole Central de Lyon , 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Momoji Kubo
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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38
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Caneva S, Martin MB, D'Arsié L, Aria AI, Sezen H, Amati M, Gregoratti L, Sugime H, Esconjauregui S, Robertson J, Hofmann S, Weatherup RS. From Growth Surface to Device Interface: Preserving Metallic Fe under Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:29973-29981. [PMID: 28782356 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the interfacial chemistry between Fe catalyst foils and monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) following chemical vapor deposition and during subsequent atmospheric exposure, using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and scanning photoelectron microscopy. We show that regions of the Fe surface covered by h-BN remain in a metallic state during exposure to moist air for ∼40 h at room temperature. This protection is attributed to the strong interfacial interaction between h-BN and Fe, which prevents the rapid intercalation of oxidizing species. Local Fe oxidation is observed on bare Fe regions and close to defects in the h-BN film (e.g., domain boundaries, wrinkles, and edges), which over the longer-term provide pathways for slow bulk oxidation of Fe. We further confirm that the interface between h-BN and metallic Fe can be recovered by vacuum annealing at ∼600 °C, although this is accompanied by the creation of defects within the h-BN film. We discuss the importance of these findings in the context of integrated manufacturing and transfer-free device integration of h-BN, particularly for technologically important applications where h-BN has potential as a tunnel barrier such as magnetic tunnel junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Caneva
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Marie-Blandine Martin
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Lorenzo D'Arsié
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Adrianus I Aria
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
- Surface Engineering and Nanotechnology Institute, Cranfield University , College Road, MK43 0AL Cranfield, U.K
| | - Hikmet Sezen
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., AREA Science Park , S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Amati
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., AREA Science Park , S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Gregoratti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., AREA Science Park , S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Hisashi Sugime
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Santiago Esconjauregui
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - John Robertson
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Stephan Hofmann
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Robert S Weatherup
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FA Cambridge, U.K
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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39
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Jiang K, Chang J, Wang H, Brimaud S, Xing W, Behm RJ, Cai WB. Small Addition of Boron in Palladium Catalyst, Big Improvement in Fuel Cell's Performance: What May Interfacial Spectroelectrochemistry Tell? ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:7133-8. [PMID: 26938473 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) with Pd-based catalyst anode is a promising energy converter to power portable devices. However, its commercialization is entangled with insufficient activity and poor stability of existing anode catalysts. Here we initially report that a DFAFC using facilely synthesized Pd-B/C with ca. 6 at. % B doping as the anode catalyst yields a maximum output power density of 316 mW cm(-2) at 30 °C, twice that with a same DFAFC using otherwise the state-of-the-art Pd/C. More strikingly, at a constant voltage of 0.3 V, the output power of the former cell is ca. 9 times as high as that of the latter after 4.5 h of continuous operation. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy is applied to probe comparatively the interfacial behaviors at Pd-B/C and Pd/C in conditions mimicking those for the DFAFC anode operation, revealing that the significantly improved cell performance correlates well with a substantially lowered CO accumulation at B-doped Pd surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinfa Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power Sources, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| | - Han Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sylvain Brimaud
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University , Ulm D-89069, Germany
| | - Wei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power Sources, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University , Ulm D-89069, Germany
| | - Wen-Bin Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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40
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Abstract
Silicon can store Li(+) at a capacity 10 times that of graphite anodes. However, to harness this remarkable potential for electrical energy storage, one has to address the multifaceted challenge of volume change inherent to high capacity electrode materials. Here, we show that, solely by chemical tailoring of Si-carbon interface with atomic oxygen, the cycle life of Si/carbon matrix-composite electrodes can be substantially improved, by 300%, even at high mass loadings. The interface tailored electrodes simultaneously attain high areal capacity (3.86 mAh/cm(2)), high specific capacity (922 mAh/g based on the mass of the entire electrode), and excellent cyclability (80% retention of capacity after 160 cycles), which are among the highest reported. Even at a high rate of 1C, the areal capacity approaches 1.61 mAh/cm(2) at the 500th cycle. This remarkable electrochemical performance is directly correlated with significantly improved structural and electrical interconnections throughout the entire electrode due to chemical tailoring of the Si-carbon interface with atomic oxygen. Our results demonstrate that interfacial bonding, a new dimension that has yet to be explored, can play an unexpectedly important role in addressing the multifaceted challenge of Si anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Fu Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Rivest JB, Li G, Sharp ID, Neaton JB, Milliron DJ. Phosphonic Acid Adsorbates Tune the Surface Potential of TiO2 in Gas and Liquid Environments. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:2450-2454. [PMID: 26277814 DOI: 10.1021/jz501050f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Controlled attachment of molecules to the surface of a material can alter the band structure energies with respect to the surrounding environment via a combination of intrinsic and bonding-induced dipoles. Here, we demonstrate that the surface potential of an application-relevant material, anatase TiO2, can be tuned over a broad energy range of ∼1 eV using a family of dipolar phosphonic acid-based adsorbates. Using TiO2 as an example, we show with photoelectron spectroscopy that these adsorbates are stable in a liquid environment (propylene carbonate). More interestingly, the tunability is substantially retained and follows trends in the computed bound dipole. The electrochemical surface potential is shown to vary over 600 meV, the highest range in electrolytes to the best of our knowledge. Using density functional theory calculations, we rationalize the measured trends and show that the effective dipole upon molecular adsorption and not the intrinsic dipole of the isolated molecules correlates with observed changes in surface potential. Control of the effective dipole, through judicious choice of robust surface species, can allow in situ tuning of energy levels and functionality at active surfaces for energy conversion and storage, biosensing, and molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeffrey B Neaton
- ¶Department of Physics, The University of California, Berkeley and Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Delia J Milliron
- §McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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