1
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Keum H, Yoo D, Jon S. Photomedicine based on heme-derived compounds. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114134. [PMID: 35122881 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoimaging and phototherapy have become major platforms for the diagnosis and treatment of various health complications. These applications require a photosensitizer (PS) that is capable of absorbing light from a source and converting it into other energy forms for detection and therapy. While synthetic inorganic materials such as quantum dots and gold nanorods have been widely explored for their medical diagnosis and photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapy capabilities, translation of these technologies has lagged, primarily owing to potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity issues. Of the various photoreactive molecules, the naturally occurring endogenous compound heme, a constituent of red blood cells, and its derivatives, porphyrin, biliverdin and bilirubin, have shown immense potential as noteworthy candidates for clinically translatable photoreactive agents, as evidenced by previous reports. While porphyrin-based photomedicines have attracted significant attention and are well documented, research on photomedicines based on two other heme-derived compounds, biliverdin and bilirubin, has been relatively lacking. In this review, we summarize the unique photoproperties of heme-derived compounds and outline recent efforts to use them in biomedical imaging and phototherapy applications.
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2
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Symmetry and Combinatorial Concepts for Cyclopolyarenes, Nanotubes and 2D-Sheets: Enumerations, Isomers, Structures Spectra & Properties. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article highlights recent developments in symmetry, combinatorics, topology, entropy, chirality, spectroscopy and thermochemistry pertinent to 2D and 1D nanomaterials such as circumscribed-cyclopolyarenes and their heterocyclic analogs, carbon and heteronanotubes and heteronano wires, as well as tessellations of cyclopolyarenes, for example, kekulenes, septulenes and octulenes. We establish that the generalization of Sheehan’s modification of Pólya’s theorem to all irreducible representations of point groups yields robust generating functions for the enumeration of chiral, achiral, position isomers, NMR, multiple quantum NMR and ESR hyperfine patterns. We also show distance, degree and graph entropy based topological measures combined with techniques for distance degree vector sequences, edge and vertex partitions of nanomaterials yield robust and powerful techniques for thermochemistry, bond energies and spectroscopic computations of these species. We have demonstrated the existence of isentropic tessellations of kekulenes which were further studied using combinatorial, topological and spectral techniques. The combinatorial generating functions obtained not only enumerate the chiral and achiral isomers but also aid in the machine construction of various spectroscopic and ESR hyperfine patterns of the nanomaterials that were considered in this review. Combinatorial and topological tools can become an integral part of robust machine learning techniques for rapid computation of the combinatorial library of isomers and their properties of nanomaterials. Future applications to metal organic frameworks and fullerene polymers are pointed out.
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Kavitha SRJ, Abraham J, Arockiaraj M, Jency J, Balasubramanian K. Topological Characterization and Graph Entropies of Tessellations of Kekulene Structures: Existence of Isentropic Structures and Applications to Thermochemistry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Electron Spin Resonance. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8140-8158. [PMID: 34469167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tessellations of kekulenes and cycloarenes are of considerable interest as nanomolecular belts in trapping and transportation of heavy metal ions and chloride ions, as they possess optimal electronic features and pore sizes. A class of cycloarenes called kekulenes have been the focus of several experimental and theoretical studies from the stand point of aromaticity, superaromaticity, chirality, and novel electrical and magnetic properties. In the present study, we investigate the entropies and topological characterization of different tessellations of kekulenes through topological computations of superaromatic structures with pores. We introduce the self-powered vertex degree-based topological indices and then derive the graph entropy measures for three different tessellations (zigzag, armchair, and rectangular) via various molecular descriptors that we derive here. Several applications to computing the molecular properties are pointed out. We demonstrate the existence of isentropic and yet nonisomorphic tessellations of kekulenes for the first time. The two tessellations are predicted to be quite close in energy with comparable energy gaps. Graph theory-based PPP methods with parameters derived from higher levels of theory are proposed to be promising tools for the predictions of relative stabilities of kekulene tessellations. We show that the developed techniques can be applied in the general context of artificial intelligence for the machine generation of nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance spectroscopic patterns as well as in robust computations of thermochemistry of a large combinatorial libraries of tessellations of kekulenes through the generation of bond-equivalence classes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessie Abraham
- Department of Mathematics, KCG College of Technology, Chennai 600097, India
| | | | - Joseph Jency
- Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Krishnan Balasubramanian
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
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4
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Ayub R, El Bakouri O, Smith JR, Jorner K, Ottosson H. Triplet State Baird Aromaticity in Macrocycles: Scope, Limitations, and Complications. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:570-584. [PMID: 33427474 PMCID: PMC7884009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aromaticity of cyclic 4nπ-electron molecules in their first ππ* triplet state (T1), labeled Baird aromaticity, has gained growing attention in the past decade. Here we explore computationally the limitations of T1 state Baird aromaticity in macrocyclic compounds, [n]CM's, which are cyclic oligomers of four different monocycles (M = p-phenylene (PP), 2,5-linked furan (FU), 1,4-linked cyclohexa-1,3-diene (CHD), and 1,4-linked cyclopentadiene (CPD)). We strive for conclusions that are general for various DFT functionals, although for macrocycles with up to 20 π-electrons in their main conjugation paths we find that for their T1 states single-point energies at both canonical UCCSD(T) and approximative DLPNO-UCCSD(T) levels are lowest when based on UB3LYP over UM06-2X and UCAM-B3LYP geometries. This finding is in contrast to what has earlier been observed for the electronic ground state of expanded porphyrins. Yet, irrespective of functional, macrocycles with 2,5-linked furans ([n]CFU's) retain Baird aromaticity until larger n than those composed of the other three monocycles. Also, when based on geometric, electronic and energetic aspects of aromaticity, a 3[n]CFU with a specific n is more strongly Baird-aromatic than the analogous 3[n]CPP while the magnetic indices tell the opposite. To construct large T1 state Baird-aromatic [n]CM's, the design should be such that the T1 state Baird aromaticity of the macrocyclic perimeter dominates over a situation with local closed-shell Hückel aromaticity of one or a few monocycles and semilocalized triplet diradical character. Monomers with lower Hückel aromaticity in S0 than benzene (e.g., furan) that do not impose steric congestion are preferred. Structural confinement imposed by, e.g., methylene bridges is also an approach to larger Baird-aromatic macrocycles. Finally, by using the Zilberg-Haas description of T1 state aromaticity, we reveal the analogy to the Hückel aromaticity of the corresponding closed-shell dications yet observe stronger Hückel aromaticity in the macrocyclic dications than Baird aromaticity in the T1 states of the neutral macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ayub
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ouissam El Bakouri
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joshua R. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt State University, One Harpst Street, Arcata, California 95521, United States
| | - Kjell Jorner
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Tuerhong M, Kerim A. A study on the aromaticity and conjugation pathways of diheterodiazuliporphyrins and their dications. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireguli Tuerhong
- The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China
| | - Ablikim Kerim
- The College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China
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6
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Kopp SM, Gotfredsen H, Deng JR, Claridge TDW, Anderson HL. Global Aromaticity in a Partially Fused 8-Porphyrin Nanoring. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19393-19401. [PMID: 33125228 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Template-directed synthesis has been used to prepare a fully π-conjugated cyclic porphyrin octamer, composed of both β,meso,β-edge-fused porphyrin tape units and butadiyne-linked porphyrins. The UV-vis-NIR spectra of this partially fused nanoring show that π-conjugation extends around the whole macrocycle, and that it has a smaller HOMO-LUMO gap than its all-butadiyne-linked analogue, as predicted by TD-DFT calculations. The 1H NMR shifts of the bound templates confirm the disrupted aromaticity of the edge-fused porphyrins in the neutral nanoring. NMR oxidation titrations reveal the presence of a global paratropic ring current in its 4+ and 8+ oxidation states and of a global diatropic ring current in the 6+ state of the partially fused ring. The paratropic ring current in the 4+ oxidation state is about four times stronger than that in the all-butadiyne-linked cyclic octamer complex, whereas the diatropic current in the 6+ state is about 40% weaker. Two isomeric K-shaped tetrapyridyl templates with trifluoromethyl substituents at different positions were used to probe the distribution of the ring current in the 4+, 6+, and 8+ oxidation states by 19F NMR, demonstrating that the ring currents are global and homogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M Kopp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Gotfredsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Jie-Ren Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tim D W Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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7
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Tuersun M, Kerim A. A study on the aromaticity and magnetic properties of N-confused porphyrins. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200069. [PMID: 32874619 PMCID: PMC7428255 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, topological resonance energy (TRE) methods were used to describe the global aromaticity of nitrogen confused porphyrin (NCP) isomers. The TRE results show that all NCP isomers exhibit lower aromaticity than the normal porphyrins, and their aromaticity decreases as the number of confused pyrrole rings in the molecule increases. In the NCPs, global aromaticity decreases as the distance between the nitrogen atoms increases. The bond resonance energy (BRE) and circuit resonance energy (CRE) indices were applied to study local aromaticity and conjugated pathways. Both the BRE and CRE indices revealed that individual pyrrolic subunits maintain their strong aromatic character and are the main source of global aromaticity. Ring currents (RC) were analysed using the Hückel-London model. RC results revealed that the macrocyclic electron conjugation pathway is the main source of diatropicity. As the number of confused pyrrole rings in the molecule increases, its diatropicity gradually decreases. In the confused pyrrole rings of the NCP isomers, the diatropic RC passing through the β-positions is always weaker than that passing through the inner sections. This is unrelated to the location of the protonated or non-protonated nitrogen atom at the periphery of the molecule and must be ascribed to the unique properties of the confused pyrrole rings.
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8
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Balasubramanian K. Combinatorial Enumeration of Isomers of Superaromatic Polysubstituted Cycloarenes and Coronoid Hydrocarbons with Applications to NMR. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8243-8257. [PMID: 30232892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b08784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have employed combinatorial techniques based on character cycle indices, Pólya's theory, and Euler totem function to enumerate isomers of polysubstituted cycloarenes and coronoid hydrocarbons which have been receiving considerable attention because of their superaromaticity, ring currents, and interesting magnetic properties. Systematic enumeration and construction of tables of polysubstituted isomers such as fluoro-chloro superaromatic hydrocarbons are considered as they are of interest in the study of environmental pollutants and toxicity. Isomers of fluoro-chloro polysubstituted donut shaped circumkekulenes, circumseptulenes, circumoctulenes, etc., are enumerated in addition to other cycloarenes, polycyclic circumcoronaphenes and coronoids. Applications to 13C NMR, proton NMR and multiple quantum NMR spectroscopies of these superaromatic species are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Balasubramanian
- School of Molecular Sciences , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287-1604 , United States
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9
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Shimizu D, Osuka A. Porphyrinoids as a platform of stable radicals. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1408-1423. [PMID: 29675188 PMCID: PMC5892410 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-innocent ligand nature of porphyrins was observed for compound I in enzymatic cycles of cytochrome P450. Such porphyrin radicals were first regarded as reactive intermediates in catabolism, but recent studies have revealed that porphyrinoids, including porphyrins, ring-contracted porphyrins, and ring-expanded porphyrins, display excellent radical-stabilizing abilities to the extent that radicals can be handled like usual closed-shell organic molecules. This review surveys four types of stable porphyrinoid radical and covers their synthetic methods and properties such as excellent redox properties, NIR absorption, and magnetic properties. The radical-stabilizing abilities of porphyrinoids stem from their unique macrocyclic conjugated systems with high electronic and structural flexibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science , Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan .
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10
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Makino M, Nishina N, Aihara JI. Critical evaluation of HOMA and MBL as local aromaticity indices. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Makino
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Shizuoka; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Naoko Nishina
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Shizuoka University; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Aihara
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Shizuoka; Shizuoka Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Shizuoka University; Shizuoka Japan
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11
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Aihara JI. Graph Theory of Aromatic Stabilization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Aza-substitution, benzo-annulation effects and catalytic activity of β-octaphenyl-substituted tetrapyrrolic macroheterocyclic cobalt complexes. I. heterogeneous catalysis. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-016-0674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Stępień M, Gońka E, Żyła M, Sprutta N. Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3479-3716. [PMID: 27258218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natasza Sprutta
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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14
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Zhang Y, Biggs JD, Mukamel S. Understanding Excitation Energy Transfer in Metalloporphyrin Heterodimers with Different Linkers, Bonding Structures and Geometries through Stimulated X-Ray Raman Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS 2014; 61:558-567. [PMID: 25045204 PMCID: PMC4097320 DOI: 10.1080/09500340.2014.899734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present simulations of stimulated X-ray Raman (SXRS) signals from covalent porphyrin heterodimers with different linkers, chemical bonding structures and geometries. The signals are interpreted in terms of valence electron wavepacket motion. One- and two-color SXRS signals can jointly indicate excitation energy transfer (EET) between the porphyrin monomers. It is shown that the SXRS signals provide a novel window into EET dynamics in multiporphyrin systems, and can be used as a powerful tool to monitor the subtle chemical environment which affects EET.
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15
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McSkimming A, Shrestha S, Bhadbhade MM, Thordarson P, Colbran SB. Macrocyclic Bis(phenanthroline-pyrrole): A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis, Structure(s), Spectroscopic, and Redox Properties, and the Binding of Amine Guests, Protons, and Lanthanide Ions. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:136-45. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Aihara JI, Makino M, Sakamoto K. Superaromatic Stabilization Energy as a Novel Local Aromaticity Index for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10477-88. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406932m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Aihara
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Institute for
Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Masakazu Makino
- Institute for
Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kenkichi Sakamoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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17
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Aihara JI, Makino M, Ishida T, Dias JR. Analytical study of superaromaticity in cycloarenes and related coronoid hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:4688-97. [PMID: 23675873 DOI: 10.1021/jp4016678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently synthesized septulene is a unique cycloarene molecule in that no macrocyclic conjugation circuits can be chosen from the π-system. This molecule has essentially no superaromatic stabilization energy (SSE) and can be viewed as an ideal nonsuperaromatic macrocycle. SSEs for kekulene and other cycloarenes are also very small. In these hydrocarbons, a macrocycle formed by fused benzene rings effectively suppresses not only the aromaticity inherent in macrocyclic (4n+2)-site conjugation circuits but also the antiaromaticity inherent in macrocyclic (4n±1)-site circuits. Comparative study of superaromaticity in multilayered coronoid hydrocarbons revealed that not only SSE but also the HOMO contribution to SSE is minimized in odd-layered coronoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Aihara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
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18
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Fliegl H, Özcan N, Mera-Adasme R, Pichierri F, Jusélius J, Sundholm D. Aromatic pathways in thieno-bridged porphyrins: understanding the influence of the direction of the thiophene ring on the aromatic character. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.794397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heike Fliegl
- a Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC), Department of Chemistry , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Nergiz Özcan
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Fabio Pichierri
- c Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | - Jonas Jusélius
- d Department of IT , University of Tromsø , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Dage Sundholm
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , Finland
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19
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Aihara JI, Nakagami Y, Sekine R, Makino M. Validity and Limitations of the Bridged Annulene Model for Porphyrins. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11718-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp310480d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Aihara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Institute for Environmental
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada,
Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuto Nakagami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Rika Sekine
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Oya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masakazu Makino
- Institute for Environmental
Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada,
Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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