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Mukhopadhyay J, Bhagat S, Sahoo SC, Bharatam PV. L→S Coordination Complexes Containing Benzothiazol-2-ylidene Ligand: Quantum Chemical Analysis and Synthesis. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400150. [PMID: 38554142 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
(NHC)→E coordination interactions were known where NHC is an N-heterocyclic carbene, and E is a main group element (B, C, N, Si, P). Recently, it was suggested that compounds with (NHC)→S coordination chemistry are also possible. This work reports quantum chemical analysis and synthesis of (NHC)→S-R(+) complexes in which benzothiazol-2-ylidene acts as a ligand. A Density functional study established that (NHC)→S interaction can best be described as a coordination interaction. Synthetic efforts were made, initially, to generate divalent sulfur compounds containing benzothiazole substituents. N-alkylation of the heterocyclic ring in these sulfides using methyl triflate led to the generation of the desired products with (NHC)→S coordination chemistry, which involves the in situ generation of NHC ring ligands. The observed changes in the 13C NMR spectra, before and after methylation, confirmed the change in the electronic character of the C-S bond from a covalent character to a coordination character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Srikant Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
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2
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Wanjari PJ, Rath A, Sathe RY, Bharatam PV. Identification of CYP3A4 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents using pharmacoinformatics approach. J Mol Model 2023; 29:156. [PMID: 37097473 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biguanide derivatives exhibit a wide variety of therapeutic applications, including anti-cancer effects. Metformin is an effective anti-cancer agent against breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. In the crystal structure (PDB ID: 5G5J), it was found that metformin is found in the active site of CYP3A4, and the associated anti-cancer effect was explored. Taking clues from this work, pharmacoinformatics research has been carried out on a series of known and virtual biguanide, guanylthiourea (GTU), and nitreone derivatives. This exercise led to the identification of more than 100 species that exhibit greater binding affinity toward CYP3A4 in comparison to that of metformin. Selected six molecules were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations, and the results are presented in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin J Wanjari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Asutosh Rath
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Y Sathe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India.
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Wanjari PJ, Saha N, Dubey G, Bharatam PV. Metal-free methods for the generation of benzimidazoles and 2-aminobenzimidazoles. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Kathuria D, Raul AD, Wanjari P, Bharatam PV. Biguanides: Species with versatile therapeutic applications. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113378. [PMID: 33857729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biguanides are compounds in which two guanidine moieties are fused to form a highly conjugated system. Biguanides are highly basic and hence they are available as salts mostly hydrochloride salts, these cationic species have been found to exhibit many therapeutic properties. This review covers the research and development carried out on biguanides and accounts the various therapeutic applications of drugs containing biguanide group-such as antimalarial, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-tubercular, antifilarial, anti-HIV, as well as other biological activities. The aim of this review is to compile all the medicinal chemistry applications of this class of compounds so as to pave way for the accelerated efforts in finding the drug action mechanisms associated with this class of compounds. Importance has been given to the organic chemistry of these biguanide derivatives also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kathuria
- University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Akshay D Raul
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Pravin Wanjari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India.
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5
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Quantum chemical study in exploring the role of donor→acceptor interactions in 1,3-bis carbene-stabilized guanidinium cations. J Mol Model 2021; 27:87. [PMID: 33598784 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Guanidinium species are highly basic and hence mostly exist in cationic state. Because these cations carry electron-deficient centers, they can be stabilized with the help of electron-donating ligands like N-heterocyclic carbenes. A few novel guanidinium cationic species stabilized by electron-donating ligands were designed and quantum chemically evaluated. It was shown that strong hydrogen bonds and tautomerism are the important characteristics of these species. Further, the possibility of donor→acceptor coordination interactions in these species have been explored between the electron-donating carbenes and the central guanidinium unit. The results suggest that the title compounds can be considered as ligand-stabilized guanidinium cations similar to the ligand-stabilized N+ and N3+ centers.
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6
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Patel N, Arfeen M, Singh T, Bhagat S, Sakhare A, Bharatam PV. Divalent N I Compounds: Identifying new Carbocyclic Carbenes to Design Nitreones using Quantum Chemical Methods. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:2624-2633. [PMID: 32964506 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nitreones are compounds with oxidation state 1 at the nitrogen, these compounds carry formal positive charge as well as two lone pairs of electrons at nitrogen center. These compounds are also known as divalent NI compounds and can be represented with the general formula L → N+ ← L, where L is an electron donating ligand. In the recent past, several divalent NI compounds have been reported with L = N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), remote N-heterocyclic carbene (rNHC), carbocyclic carbene (CCC) and diaminocarbene. Recently, our group reported that a novel six-membered CCC (cyclohexa-2,5-diene-4-[diaminomethynyl]-1-ylidene) can stabilize N+ center in nitreones. As an independent carbene, this species is very unstable. In this work, modulation of this CCC using (a) annulation, (b) heterocyclic ring modification, (c) substitutions adjacent to the carbenic carbon, (d) exocyclic double bond insertion and (e) ring contraction, has been reported. These modulations and quantum chemical analyses helped in the identification of five new six-membered CCCs which carry improved donation and stability properties. Further, these CCCs were employed in the design of new divalent NI compounds (nitreones) which carry coordination bonds between ligands and N+ center. The molecular and electronic structure properties, and the donor→acceptor coordination interactions present in the resultant low oxidation state divalent NI compounds have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
- Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb R&D Center (BBRC), Syngene International Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Tejender Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shweta Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Sakhare
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab, India
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Singh T, Bharatam PV. Donor→acceptor coordination interactions in 1,3-bis(NHC)triazenyl Cations: An electronic structure analysis. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:2207-2215. [PMID: 31144352 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Donor→acceptor coordination interactions (L → N) between ligands and nitrogen center as in L → N⊕ ← L were reported in the recent past. This article describes the possibility of L → N coordination interactions in triazenyl cation species L → N3 ⊕ ← L. A few 1,3-bis(NHC)triazenyl cation species were experimentally known, the electronic structure analysis reported in this work reveals the presence of L → N (donor→acceptor) interactions in these species. Molecular orbital analysis, NBO charge analysis, energy decomposition analysis, and so forth, confirm the possibility of L → N coordination bond character. Ten molecules with the general formula L → N3 ⊕ ← L have been designed carrying L → N3 ⊕ ← L interactions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejender Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India
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8
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Singh T, George A, Parameswaran P, Bharatam PV. Enols, Diamino Enols, and Breslow Intermediates: A Comparative Quantum Chemical Analysis. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tejender Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67; 160 062 S.A.S. Nagar - Punjab India
| | - Anjana George
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology Calicut; NIT Calicut Campus P.O. 673 601 Kozhikode - Kerala India
| | - Pattiyil Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology Calicut; NIT Calicut Campus P.O. 673 601 Kozhikode - Kerala India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67; 160 062 S.A.S. Nagar - Punjab India
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9
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Chourasiya SS, Kathuria D, Wani AA, Bharatam PV. Azines: synthesis, structure, electronic structure and their applications. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8486-8521. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Azines (2,3-diaza-1,3-butadienes): structure, electronic structure, tautomerism, and their applications in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Aabid Abdullah Wani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- India
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10
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Bhagat S, Arfeen M, Das G, Patel N, Bharatam PV. Electronic and ligating properties of carbocyclic carbenes: A theoretical investigation. J Comput Chem 2018; 40:726-733. [PMID: 30549074 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Carbocyclic carbenes (CCCs) are a class of nucleophilic carbenes which are very similar to N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) in terms of their reactivity, but they do not contain a stabilizing heteroatom in their cyclic ring system. In this study, 17 representative known CCCs and 34 newly designed CCCs are evaluated using quantum chemical methods, and the results are compared in terms of their stability, nucleophilicity, and proton affinity (PA) parameters. The results are divided on the basis of ring size of the known and reported CCCs. The stability, nucleophilicity, PA, complexation energy, and bond strength-related parameters were estimated using M06/6-311++G(d,p) method. The results indicated that the CCCs known in the literature are strong σ-electron donating species and have considerable π-accepting properties. This study led to the design and identification of a few new CCCs with dimethylamine and diaminomethynyl substituents which can be singlet stable and are substantially nucleophilic. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Gourav Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Neha Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
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11
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Abstract
Phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs), currently, are one of the most important tools of chemists for performing organic reactions. PTCs accelerate several types of reactions in biphasic systems, giving excellent yields of the desired product. Most of the PTCs belong to the general formula NR4+X-. In the recent past, several compounds possessing a novel scaffold with the general formula NL2+X- have been reported as PTCs. In the NL2+ species, a nitrogen atom with a formal positive charge accepts electron density from electron-donating ligands. Electronic structure studies reported in the literature confirmed the possibility of L → N coordination (donor-acceptor) interactions in these species, and thus, this class of compounds are known as divalent NI compounds. These species are reported to exhibit better catalytic potential in comparison to the traditional NR4+ systems. Some of the NL2+ systems are found to be useful in asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis. Thus, these systems offer extensive opportunities for exploring the catalytic properties and novel mechanistic aspects associated with their unique electronic structure. In this paper, the synthesis, electronic, and structural properties and the applications in catalysis of the NL2+-based PTCs are reviewed with their bright future scope in catalytic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 160 062 , Punjab , India
| | - Radhika Sood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 160 062 , Punjab , India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Sector 67, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 160 062 , Punjab , India
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12
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Patel N, Arfeen M, Sood R, Khullar S, Chakraborti AK, Mandal SK, Bharatam PV. Can Remote N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Coordinate with Main Group Elements? Synthesis, Structure, and Quantum Chemical Analysis of N + -Centered Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:6418-6425. [PMID: 29504658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Remote N-heterocyclic carbenes (rNHCs), such as N-methyl-4-pyridylidene, are known to form coordination complexes with TMs. Herein, it is established that rNHCs can also coordinate to the N+ centre. Synthesis of some novel divalent NI complexes with the general formula (rNHC)→N+ ←(NHC) and (rNHC)→N+ ←(rNHC) was achieved, and X-ray diffraction studies supported the coordination bond character between the rNHCs and the N+ centre. Quantum chemical analysis established the presence of divalent NI character at the central nitrogen in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Patel
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Radhika Sood
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sadhika Khullar
- Department of Chemistry, D.A.V. University, Jalandhar-Pathankot National Highway, Jalandhar, 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay K Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Sector 81, S.A.S., Nagar, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S., Nagar, 160 062, Punjab, India
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14
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15
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Yang T, Andrada DM, Frenking G. Dative versus electron-sharing bonding in N-oxides and phosphane oxides R3EO and relative energies of the R2EOR isomers (E = N, P; R = H, F, Cl, Me, Ph). A theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11856-11866. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00951a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations using ab initio methods at the CCSD(T)/def2-TZVPP level and density functional theory using BP86 and M06-2X functionals in conjunction with def2-TZVPP basis sets have been carried out on the title molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- Marburg 35032
- Germany
| | - Diego M. Andrada
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- Marburg 35032
- Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- Marburg 35032
- Germany
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
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16
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17
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Chourasiya SS, Patel DR, Nagaraja CM, Chakraborti AK, Bharatam PV. Sulfonamide vs. sulfonimide: tautomerism and electronic structure analysis of N-heterocyclic arenesulfonamides. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and computational studies suggest a preference toward the sulfonimide tautomer in N-heterocyclic arenesulfonamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Punjab – 160 062
- India
| | - Dhara R. Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Punjab – 160 062
- India
| | - C. M. Nagaraja
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar
- Roopnagar – 140 001
- India
| | - Asit K. Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Punjab – 160 062
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Punjab – 160 062
- India
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18
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Morosaki T, Fujii T. Recent Advances in Heteroatom-Stabilized Carbones and Their Metal Complexes. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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20
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Bharatam PV, Arfeen M, Patel N, Jain P, Bhatia S, Chakraborti AK, Khullar S, Gupta V, Mandal SK. Design, Synthesis, and Structural Analysis of Divalent N(I) Compounds and Identification of a New Electron-Donating Ligand. Chemistry 2015; 22:1088-96. [PMID: 26615987 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The dative-bond representation (L→E) in compounds with main group elements (E) has triggered extensive debate in the recent past. The scope and limits of this nonclassical coordination bond warrant comprehensive exploration. Particularly compounds with (L→N←L')(+) arrangement are of special interest because of their therapeutic importance. This work reports the design and synthesis of novel chemical species with the general structural formula (L→N←L')(+) carrying the unusual ligand cyclohexa-2,5-diene-4-(diaminomethynyl)-1-ylidene. Four species belonging to the (L→N←L')(+) class carrying this unconventional ligand were synthesized. Quantum chemical and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the electronic and geometric parameters are consistent with those of already reported divalent N(I) compounds. The molecular orbital analysis, geometric parameters, and spectral data clearly support the L→N and N←L' interactions in these species. The newly identified ligand has the properties of a reactive carbene and high nucleophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India.
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India.
| | - Sadhika Khullar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India.
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21
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Ramakrishnan A, Chourasiya SS, Bharatam PV. Azine or hydrazone? The dilemma in amidinohydrazones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Amidinohydrazone, an important class of biologically active molecules, is generally represented as a hydrazone. This moiety prefers to exist in its azine tautomeric state and hence, influences the physical, chemical and receptor binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Ramakrishnan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
| | - Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
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Singh S, Wanjari PJ, Bhatia S, Sonwane VC, Chakraborti AK, Bharatam PV. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and toxicity studies of N,N-disubstituted biguanides as quorum sensing inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Mirabdolbaghi R, Dudding T, Stamatatos T. A Class of Phase-Transfer Catalyst with Interionic Strain: Insight into the Bonding of Disubstituted N- vs Carbene-Stabilized NI-Centered Cations. Org Lett 2014; 16:2790-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roya Mirabdolbaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario L2R1H1, Canada
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario L2R1H1, Canada
| | - Theocharis Stamatatos
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario L2R1H1, Canada
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Bhatia S, Bharatam PV. Possibility of the Existence of Donor–Acceptor Interactions in Bis(azole)amines: An Electronic Structure Analysis. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4852-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402862r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S.
Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S.
Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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Design and synthesis of guanylthiourea derivatives as potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase enzyme. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:613-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Nathavad ZP, Bhatia S, Dhaked DK, Bharatam PV. Electronic structure analysis of isomeric preferences of canonical and zwitterionic forms of lornoxicam. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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27
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Bhatia S, Malkhede YJ, Bharatam PV. Existence of dynamic tautomerism and divalent N(I) character in N-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine. J Comput Chem 2013; 34:1577-88. [PMID: 23609068 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
N-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine is a versatile chemical functional unit present in many therapeutically important species. Quantum chemical analysis shows that there are six competitive isomeric structures possible for this class of compounds within a relative energy difference of ∼4 kcal/mol. Some of the isomeric structures possess divalent N(I) character. There appears to be a competition between the thiazole and pyridine groups to accommodate the tautomeric hydrogen, and consequently show electron donating property in the structure with R-N←L representation. Details of electron distribution, tautomeric preferences, protonation energy, and divalent N(I) character, and so on, of this class of compounds are presented in this article. Subsequently, upon protonation, (L→N←L)(⊕) character is clearly evident in these moieties as molecular orbital analysis clearly shows two lone pairs of electrons on the central nitrogen, in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India
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Taxak N, Patel B, Bharatam PV. Carbene Generation by Cytochromes and Electronic Structure of Heme-Iron-Porphyrin-Carbene Complex: A Quantum Chemical Study. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:5097-109. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400010d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Taxak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Bhargav Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
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Kasetti Y, Bharatam PV. Pharmacophoric features of drugs with guanylurea moiety: an electronic structure analysis. J Mol Model 2013; 19:1865-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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De S, Parameswaran P. Neutral tricoordinated beryllium(0) compounds – isostructural to BH3 but isoelectronic to NH3. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4650-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32749c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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