1
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Torre MF, Amadeo A, Cassone G, Tommasini M, Mráziková K, Saija F. Water Dimer under Electric Fields: An Ab Initio Investigation up to Quantum Accuracy. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5490-5499. [PMID: 38976361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that strong electric fields (EFs) can align water dipoles, partially order the H-bond network of liquid water, and induce water splitting and proton transfers. To illuminate the fundamental behavior of water under external EFs, we present the first benchmark, to the best of our knowledge, of DFT calculations of the water dimer exposed to intense EFs against coupled cluster calculations. The analyses of the vibrational Stark effect and electron density provide a consistent picture of the intermolecular charge transfer effects driven along the H-bond by the increasing applied field at all theory levels. However, our findings prove that at extreme field regimes (∼1-2 V/Å) DFT calculations significantly exaggerate by ∼10-30% the field-induced strengthening of the H-bond, both within the GGA, hybrid GGA, and hybrid meta-GGA approximations. Notably, a linear correlation emerges between the vibrational Stark effect on OH stretching and H-bond strengthening: a 1 kcal mol-1 increase corresponds to an 80 cm-1 red-shift in OH stretching frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Francesco Torre
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Amadeo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council of Italy (IPCF-CNR), 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ing. Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Klaudia Mráziková
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czechia
| | - Franz Saija
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council of Italy (IPCF-CNR), 98158 Messina, Italy
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2
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Safran SA, Pincus PA. Scaling perspectives of underscreening in concentrated electrolyte solutions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7907-7911. [PMID: 37823228 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01094e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a scaling view of underscreening observed in salt solutions in the range of concentrations greater than about 1 M, in which the screening length increases with concentration. The system consists of hydrated clusters of positive and negative ions with a single unpaired ion as suggested by recent simulations. The environment of this ion is more hydrated than average which leads to a self-similar situation in which the size of this environment scales with the screening length. The prefactor involves the local dielectric constant and the cluster density. The scaling arguments as well as the cluster model lead to scaling of the screening length with the ion concentration, in agreement with observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Safran
- Dept. Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Philip A Pincus
- Physics and Materials Departments, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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3
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Hoang Ngoc Minh T, Kim J, Pireddu G, Chubak I, Nair S, Rotenberg B. Electrical noise in electrolytes: a theoretical perspective. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:198-224. [PMID: 37409620 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00026e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Seemingly unrelated experiments such as electrolyte transport through nanotubes, nano-scale electrochemistry, NMR relaxometry and surface force balance measurements, all probe electrical fluctuations: of the electric current, the charge and polarization, the field gradient (for quadrupolar nuclei) and the coupled mass/charge densities. The fluctuations of such various observables arise from the same underlying microscopic dynamics of the ions and solvent molecules. In principle, the relevant length and time scales of these dynamics are encoded in the dynamic structure factors. However, modelling the latter for frequencies and wavevectors spanning many orders of magnitude remains a great challenge to interpret the experiments in terms of physical processes such as solvation dynamics, diffusion, electrostatic and hydrodynamic interactions between ions, interactions with solid surfaces, etc. Here, we highlight the central role of the charge-charge dynamic structure factor in the fluctuations of electrical observables in electrolytes and offer a unifying perspective over a variety of complementary experiments. We further analyze this quantity in the special case of an aqueous NaCl electrolyte, using simulations with explicit ions and an explicit or implicit solvent. We discuss the ability of the standard Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory to capture the simulation results, and how the predictions can be improved. We finally discuss the contributions of ions and water to the total charge fluctuations. This work illustrates an ongoing effort towards a comprehensive understanding of electrical fluctuations in bulk and confined electrolytes, in order to enable experimentalists to decipher the microscopic properties encoded in the measured electrical noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thê Hoang Ngoc Minh
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Jeongmin Kim
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Giovanni Pireddu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Iurii Chubak
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Swetha Nair
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
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4
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Chatterjee S, Kumar I, Ghanta KC, Hens A, Biswas G. Insight into molecular rearrangement of a sessile ionic nanodroplet with applied electric field. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Berkowitz ML. Molecular Simulations of Aqueous Electrolytes: Role of Explicit Inclusion of Charge Transfer into Force Fields. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13069-13076. [PMID: 34807628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe here simulations of aqueous salt solutions that are performed using an explicit charge transfer force field. The emphasis of the discussion is on the calculation of a dynamical property of the solutions: self-diffusion of water. While force fields that are based on pairwise additive potentials or on potentials with explicit inclusion of polarization or with scaled charges can provide at best a qualitative agreement with experiments, force fields with explicit inclusion of charge transfer can produce quantitative agreement with experiment for NaCl and KCl solutions. We argue that a force field with explicit charge transfer contains new physics absent in the previously used force fields described in recent reviews of molecular simulations of aqueous electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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6
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Shi Y, Doyle CC, Beck TL. Condensed Phase Water Molecular Multipole Moments from Deep Neural Network Models Trained on Ab Initio Simulation Data. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10310-10317. [PMID: 34662132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ionic solvation phenomena in liquids involve intense interactions in the inner solvation shell. For interactions beyond the first shell, the ion-solvent interaction energies result from the sum of many smaller-magnitude contributions that can still include polarization effects. Deep neural network (DNN) methods have recently found wide application in developing efficient molecular models that maintain near-quantum accuracy. Here we extend the DeePMD-kit code to produce accurate molecular multipole moments in the bulk and near interfaces. The new method is validated by comparing the DNN moments with those generated by ab initio simulations. The moments are used to compute the electrostatic potential at the center of a molecular-sized hydrophobic cavity in water. The results show that the fields produced by the DNN models are in quantitative agreement with the AIMD-derived values. These efficient methods will open the door to more accurate solvation models for large solutes such as proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Carrie C Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Thomas L Beck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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7
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Kathmann SM. Electric fields and potentials in condensed phases. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23836-23849. [PMID: 34647950 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electric fields and potentials inside and at the interface of matter are relevant to many branches of physics, chemistry, and biology. Accurate quantification of these fields and/or potentials is essential to control and exploit chemical and physical transformations. Before we understand the response of matter to external fields, it is first important to understand the intrinsic interior and interfacial fields and potentials, both classically and quantum mechanically, as well as how they are probed experimentally. Here we compare and contrast, beginning with the hydrogen atom in vacuum and ending with concentrated aqueous NaCl electrolyte, both classical and quantum mechanical electric potentials and fields. We make contact with experimental vibrational Stark, electrochemical, X-ray, and electron spectroscopic probes of these potentials and fields, outline relevant conceptual difficulties, and underscore the advantage of electron holography as a basis to better understand electrostatics in matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Kathmann
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
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8
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Shenderovich IG, Denisov GS. Modeling of the Response of Hydrogen Bond Properties on an External Electric Field: Geometry, NMR Chemical Shift, Spin-Spin Scalar Coupling. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164967. [PMID: 34443575 PMCID: PMC8399935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of the geometric and NMR properties of molecular systems to an external electric field has been studied theoretically in a wide field range. It has been shown that this adduct under field approach can be used to model the geometric and spectral changes experienced by molecular systems in polar media if the system in question has one and only one bond, the polarizability of which significantly exceeds the polarizability of other bonds. If this requirement is met, then it becomes possible to model even extreme cases, for example, proton dissociation in hydrogen halides. This requirement is fulfilled for many complexes with one hydrogen bond. For such complexes, this approach can be used to facilitate a detailed analysis of spectral changes associated with geometric changes in the hydrogen bond. For example, in hydrogen-bonded complexes of isocyanide C≡15N-1H⋯X, 1J(15N1H) depends exclusively on the N-H distance, while δ(15N) is also slightly influenced by the nature of X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya G. Shenderovich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gleb S. Denisov
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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9
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Cassone G, Sponer J, Saija F. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Studies of the Electric-Field-Induced Catalytic Effects on Liquids. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Electric Field and Temperature Effects on the Ab Initio Spectroscopy of Liquid Methanol. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although many H-bonded systems have been extensively investigated by means of infrared (IR) spectroscopy, the vibrational response to externally applied electric fields of polar liquids remains poorly investigated. However, local electric fields along with quantum-mechanical interactions rule the behavior of H-bonded samples at the molecular level. Among the many H-bonded systems, liquid methanol holds a key place in that it exhibits a very simple H-bond network where, on average, each molecule acts as a single H-bond donor and, at the same time, as a single H-bond acceptor. Here we report on the IR spectra emerging from a series of state-of-the-art ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of bulk liquid methanol under the action of static and homogeneous electric fields. In addition, the same analysis is here conducted in the absence of the external field and for different temperatures. Although some electric-field-induced effects resemble the response of other polar liquids (such as the global contraction of the IR spectrum upon field exposure), it turns out that, distinctly from water, the “electrofreezing” phenomenon is unlikely to happen in liquid methanol. Finally, we provide atomistic analyses magnifying the completely different nature of electric-field- and temperature-induced effects on bulk liquid methanol and on its vibrational response.
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11
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Influence of external static and alternating electric fields on self-diffusion of water from molecular dynamics. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Shenderovich IG. 1,3,5-Triaza-7-Phosphaadamantane (PTA) as a 31P NMR Probe for Organometallic Transition Metal Complexes in Solution. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051390. [PMID: 33806666 PMCID: PMC7961616 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the rigid structure of 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), its 31P chemical shift solely depends on non-covalent interactions in which the molecule is involved. The maximum range of change caused by the most common of these, hydrogen bonding, is only 6 ppm, because the active site is one of the PTA nitrogen atoms. In contrast, when the PTA phosphorus atom is coordinated to a metal, the range of change exceeds 100 ppm. This feature can be used to support or reject specific structural models of organometallic transition metal complexes in solution by comparing the experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculated values of this 31P chemical shift. This approach has been tested on a variety of the metals of groups 8-12 and molecular structures. General recommendations for appropriate basis sets are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya G Shenderovich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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13
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Modeling of Solute-Solvent Interactions Using an External Electric Field-From Tautomeric Equilibrium in Nonpolar Solvents to the Dissociation of Alkali Metal Halides. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051283. [PMID: 33652943 PMCID: PMC7956811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An implicit account of the solvent effect can be carried out using traditional static quantum chemistry calculations by applying an external electric field to the studied molecular system. This approach allows one to distinguish between the effects of the macroscopic reaction field of the solvent and specific solute-solvent interactions. In this study, we report on the dependence of the simulation results on the use of the polarizable continuum approximation and on the importance of the solvent effect in nonpolar solvents. The latter was demonstrated using experimental data on tautomeric equilibria between the pyridone and hydroxypyridine forms of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-pyridine in cyclohexane and chloroform.
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14
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Cassone G. Nuclear Quantum Effects Largely Influence Molecular Dissociation and Proton Transfer in Liquid Water under an Electric Field. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8983-8988. [PMID: 33035059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Proton transfer in liquid water controls acid-base chemistry, crucial enzyme reactions, and the functioning of fuel cells. Externally applied static electric fields in water are capable of dissociating molecules and transferring protons across the H-bond network. However, the impact of nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) on these fundamental field-induced phenomena has not yet been reported. By comparing state-of-the-art ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and path integral AIMD simulations of water under electric fields, I show that quantum delocalization of the proton lowers the molecular ionization threshold to approximately one-third. Moreover, also the water behavior as a protonic semiconductor is considerably modified by the inclusion of NQEs. In fact, when the quantum nature of the nuclei is taken into account, the proton conductivity is ∼50% larger. This work proves that NQEs sizably affect the protolysis phenomenon and proton transfer in room-temperature liquid water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
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15
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Dutta Dubey K, Stuyver T, Kalita S, Shaik S. Solvent Organization and Rate Regulation of a Menshutkin Reaction by Oriented External Electric Fields are Revealed by Combined MD and QM/MM Calculations. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9955-9965. [PMID: 32369357 PMCID: PMC7304904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
When and how do external electric fields (EEFs) lead to catalysis in the presence of a (polar or nonpolar) solvent? This is the question that is addressed here using a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations with EEF, and quantum mechanical/(local) electric field calculations. The paper focuses on a model reaction, the Menshutkin reaction between CH3I and pyridine in three solvents of varying polarity. Using MD simulations, we find that the EEF causes the solvent to undergo organization; the solvent molecules gradually align with the applied field as the field strength increases. The collective orientation of the solvent molecules modifies the electrostatic environment around the Menshutkin species and induces a global electric field pointing in the opposite direction of the applied EEF. The combination of these two entangled effects leads to partial or complete screening of the EEF, with the extent of screening being proportional to the polarity/polarizability of the solvent. Nevertheless, we find that catalysis of the Menshutkin reaction inevitably emerges once the EEF exceeds the opposing field of the organizing solvent, i.e., once polarization of the Menshutkin complex is observed to set in. Overall, our analysis provides a lucid and pictorial interpretation of the behavior of solutions in the presence of EEFs and indicates that EEF-mediated catalysis should, in principle, be feasible in bulk setups, especially for nonpolar and mildly polar solvents. By application of the charge-transfer paradigm, it is shown that the emergence of OEEF catalysis in solution can be generalized to other reactions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshatresh Dutta Dubey
- Department
of Chemistry & Center for Informatics, Shiv Nadar University, NH91 Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Thijs Stuyver
- Institute
of Chemistry, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190400, Israel
- Algemene
Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Surajit Kalita
- Department
of Chemistry & Center for Informatics, Shiv Nadar University, NH91 Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute
of Chemistry, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190400, Israel
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16
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Futera Z, Tse JS, English NJ. Possibility of realizing superionic ice VII in external electric fields of planetary bodies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz2915. [PMID: 32494738 PMCID: PMC7244312 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz2915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In a superionic (SI) ice phase, oxygen atoms remain crystallographically ordered while protons become fully diffusive as a result of intramolecular dissociation. Ice VII's importance as a potential candidate for a SI ice phase has been conjectured from anomalous proton diffusivity data. Theoretical studies indicate possible SI prevalence in large-planet mantles (e.g., Uranus and Neptune) and exoplanets. Here, we realize sustainable SI behavior in ice VII by means of externally applied electric fields, using state-of-the-art nonequilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics to witness at first hand the protons' fluid dance through a dipole-ordered ice VII lattice. We point out the possibility of SI ice VII on Venus, in its strong permanent electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Futera
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, Ceske Budejovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - John S. Tse
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Niall J. English
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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17
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Ghaani MR, Kusalik PG, English NJ. Massive generation of metastable bulk nanobubbles in water by external electric fields. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz0094. [PMID: 32284977 PMCID: PMC7124953 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanobubbles (NBs) are nanoscopic gaseous domains than can exist on solid surfaces or in bulk liquids. They have attracted substantial attention due to their long-time (meta)stability and a high potential for real-world applications. Using an approach not previously investigated, we exploit surface-electrostatic NB formation and stabilization via application of external electric fields in gas-liquid systems, with the marked result of massively increased gas uptake into the liquid in NB form. The de facto gas solubility enhancement (over many months) ranges from 2.5-fold for oxygen to 30-fold for methane vis-à-vis respective Henry's law values for gas solubility; the more hydrophobic the gas, the more spectacular the increase. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the origin of NBs' movement lies in dielectrophoresis, while substantial NB stabilization arises from a surface-polarization interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Ghaani
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Corresponding author. (M.R.G.); (N.J.E.)
| | - Peter G. Kusalik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Niall J. English
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Corresponding author. (M.R.G.); (N.J.E.)
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18
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Schröder C, Lyons A, Rick SW. Polarizable MD simulations of ionic liquids: How does additional charge transfer change the dynamics? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:467-477. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05478b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new model for treating charge transfer in ionic liquids is developed and applied to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. The model allows for us to examine the roles of charge transfer, polarizability, and charge scaling effects on the dynamics of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schröder
- University of Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Computational Biological Chemistry
- A-1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Alex Lyons
- University of New Orleans
- Department of Chemistry
- New Orleans
- USA
| | - Steven W. Rick
- University of New Orleans
- Department of Chemistry
- New Orleans
- USA
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19
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Cassone G, Sponer J, Trusso S, Saija F. Ab initio spectroscopy of water under electric fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:21205-21212. [PMID: 31368466 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03101d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Whereas a broad range of literature exists on the spectroscopy of water in disparate conditions, infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of water subjected to electric fields have never extensively been investigated so far. Based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, here we present IR and Raman spectra of bulk liquid water under the effect of static electric fields. A contraction of the entire frequency range is recorded upon increasing the field intensity both in the IR and in the Raman spectra. Whilst the OH stretching band is progressively shifted toward lower frequencies - indicating a field-induced strengthening of the H-bond network - all the other bands are up-shifted by the field. Furthermore, an evident modification of the librational mode band appears in all the spectra. Finally, the order-maker action of the field emerges also from the increase of the water orientational tetrahedral order. Upon field exposure, the water structure becomes more "ice like".
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
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20
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Yang X, Cheng K, Jia GZ. Microwave heating and non-thermal effects of sodium chloride aqueous solution. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1662505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Physical and Electronics Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Cheng
- College of Optoelectronic Technology, Chengdu University of Information technology, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-zhu Jia
- College of Physical and Electronics Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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21
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The response of electronic and energetic properties of conjugated vs aromatic molecules to an external uniform electric field. Struct Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Shafiei M, von Domaros M, Bratko D, Luzar A. Anisotropic structure and dynamics of water under static electric fields. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5079393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shafiei
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
| | - Michael von Domaros
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Dusan Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
| | - Alenka Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, USA
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23
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Cassone G, Pietrucci F, Saija F, Saitta AM. Free Energy Calculations of Electric Field-Induced Chemistry. COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES FOR CHEMISTRY UNDER EXTREME CONDITIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05600-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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24
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Nguyen M, Rick SW. The influence of polarizability and charge transfer on specific ion effects in the dynamics of aqueous salt solutions. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:222803. [PMID: 29907071 DOI: 10.1063/1.5012682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The diffusion rates for water molecules in salt solutions depend on the identity of the ions, as well as their concentration. Among the alkali metal ions, cesium and potassium increase and sodium strongly decreases the diffusion constant of water. The origin of the difference can be understood by examining the simulation results using different potential models. In this work, aqueous solutions of salts are simulated with a variety of models. Commonly used non-polarizable models, which otherwise reproduce many experimental properties, do not capture the trend in the diffusion constant, while models which include polarization and/or charge transfer interactions do. For the non-polarizable models, the diffusion constant decreases too strongly with salt concentration. The changes in the water diffusion constant with increasing salt concentration match the diffusion constant of the ion. The ion diffusion constant is dependent on the residence time for water in the ion solvation shell. The non-polarizable models over-estimate the residence time, relative to the translational diffusion constant and so tend to under-estimate the ion and water diffusion constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
| | - Steven W Rick
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
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25
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Pollard TP, Beck TL. Re-examining the tetraphenyl-arsonium/tetraphenyl-borate (TATB) hypothesis for single-ion solvation free energies. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:222830. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5024209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Travis P. Pollard
- Electrochemistry Branch, US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20852, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Thomas L. Beck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
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26
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Che F, Gray JT, Ha S, Kruse N, Scott SL, McEwen JS. Elucidating the Roles of Electric Fields in Catalysis: A Perspective. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Che
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Jake T. Gray
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Su Ha
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Norbert Kruse
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Susannah L. Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jean-Sabin McEwen
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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27
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Cassone G, Sponer J, Sponer JE, Pietrucci F, Saitta AM, Saija F. Synthesis of (d)-erythrose from glycolaldehyde aqueous solutions under electric field. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3211-3214. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00045j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A Miller-like numerical experiment demonstrates that ubiquitarious molecules such as water and glycolaldehyde can synthesize (d)-erythrose, one of the direct precursors of ribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University
- 77146 Olomouc
| | - Judit E. Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University
- 77146 Olomouc
| | - Fabio Pietrucci
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, CNRS, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
- F-75005 Paris
- France
| | - A. Marco Saitta
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, CNRS, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
- F-75005 Paris
- France
| | - Franz Saija
- CNR-IPCF, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 37
- 98158 Messina
- Italy
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28
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Abstract
Methanol, the simplest alcohol, and dimethyl ether, the simplest ether, are central compounds in the search for alternative “green” combustion fuels. In fact, they are generally considered as the cornerstones of the envisaged “Methanol Economy” scenario, as they are able to efficiently produce energy in an environmentally friendly manner. However, despite a massive amount of research in this field, the synthesis of dimethyl ether from liquid methanol has never so far been reported. Here we present a computational study, based on ab initio Molecular Dynamics, which suggests a novel synthesis route to methanol dehydration – leading thus to the dimethyl ether synthesis – through the application of strong electric fields. Besides proving the impressive catalytic effects afforded by the field, our calculations indicate that the obtained dimethyl ether is stable and that it can be progressively accumulated thanks to the peculiar chemical pathways characterising the methanol reaction network under electric field. These results suggest that the experimental synthesis of dimethyl ether from liquid methanol could be achieved, possibly in the proximity of field emitter tips.
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29
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Cassone G, Creazzo F, Giaquinta PV, Sponer J, Saija F. Ionic diffusion and proton transfer in aqueous solutions of alkali metal salts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20420-20429. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on a series of ab initio molecular dynamics investigations on LiCl, NaCl, and KCl aqueous solutions under the effect of static electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Fabrizio Creazzo
- Université d'Evry val d'Essonne-Université Paris-Saclay
- 91025 Evry
- France
| | - Paolo V. Giaquinta
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche
- Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra
- 98166 Messina
- Italy
| | - Jiri Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
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30
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Cassone G, Pietrucci F, Saija F, Guyot F, Saitta AM. One-step electric-field driven methane and formaldehyde synthesis from liquid methanol. Chem Sci 2016; 8:2329-2336. [PMID: 28451337 PMCID: PMC5363374 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04269d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of state-of-the-art computational approaches, a new fundamental chemical reaction, involving formaldehyde and methane, has been observed when an electric field is applied to liquid methanol.
The reaction pathways connecting methanol to methane and formaldehyde are among the most emblematic in chemistry because of their outstanding interest in the fields of energy, synthesis, and bio- and geo-chemistry. Despite of its fundamental nature, the one-pot synthesis of formaldehyde and methane stemming from methanol has never been reported before. Here we present a study, based on ab initio molecular dynamics and free-energy methods, in which the simultaneous oxidation and reduction (i.e., the disproportionation) of liquid methanol into methane and formaldehyde has been achieved at ambient temperature through the application of a static electric field. Because strong electric fields can be generated in the proximity of field emitter tips, this finding shows that the challenge of experimentally disproportionating methanol into formaldehyde and methane could be attempted. We show that the methanol “solvent” molecules play a major role in this process and that the chemical pathway connecting methanol to the detected products in the bulk liquid phase is very different from its reproduced gas-phase counterpart. Finally, we demonstrate that switching on an external electric field drastically modifies the reaction network of methanol, lowering some activation barriers, stabilizing the methane and formaldehyde products, and opening otherwise difficult-to-achieve chemical routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute of Biophysics - Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135 , 61265 Brno , Czech Republic .
| | - Fabio Pietrucci
- Sorbonne Universités , Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 , Institut de Minéralogie , de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie , CNRS , Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle , Institut de Recherche pour le Développement , Unité Mixte de Recherche 7590 , F-75005 Paris , France . ; ;
| | - Franz Saija
- CNR-IPCF , Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 37 , 98158 Messina , Italy .
| | - François Guyot
- Sorbonne Universités , Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 , Institut de Minéralogie , de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie , CNRS , Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle , Institut de Recherche pour le Développement , Unité Mixte de Recherche 7590 , F-75005 Paris , France . ; ;
| | - A Marco Saitta
- Sorbonne Universités , Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 , Institut de Minéralogie , de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie , CNRS , Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle , Institut de Recherche pour le Développement , Unité Mixte de Recherche 7590 , F-75005 Paris , France . ; ;
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31
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Futera Z, English NJ. Oscillating electric-field effects on adsorbed-water at rutile- and anatase-TiO2 surfaces. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4967520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Futera
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Niall J. English
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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32
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Rick SW. A polarizable, charge transfer model of water using the drude oscillator. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:2060-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven W. Rick
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of New OrleansNew Orleans70148 Los Angeles
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33
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Toward a quantitative theory of Hofmeister phenomena: From quantum effects to thermodynamics. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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34
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Ions interacting in solution: Moving from intrinsic to collective properties. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Wolke CT, Fournier JA, Miliordos E, Kathmann SM, Xantheas SS, Johnson MA. Isotopomer-selective spectra of a single intact H2O molecule in the Cs+(D2O)5H2O isotopologue: Going beyond pattern recognition to harvest the structural information encoded in vibrational spectra. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:074305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4941285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad T. Wolke
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Joseph A. Fournier
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Evangelos Miliordos
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Shawn M. Kathmann
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Sotiris S. Xantheas
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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36
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Cassone G, Creazzo F, Giaquinta PV, Saija F, Marco Saitta A. Ab initio molecular dynamics study of an aqueous NaCl solution under an electric field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23164-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03926j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of salty water under an electric field reveal two regimes of the relative mobilities of chlorine and sodium ions. When water dissociation and proton transfer are actived at strong field intensities, the presence of the ions hinders the efficiency of the proton transfer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cassone
- Institute of Biophysics – Czech Academy of Sciences
- 61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Fabrizio Creazzo
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environment
- UMR8587 (CHARMMMAT)
- Université d'Evry val d'Essone
- 91025 Evry
- France
| | - Paolo V. Giaquinta
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche
- Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra
- 98166 Messina
- Italy
| | | | - A. Marco Saitta
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie
- 75005 Paris
- France
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37
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Takae K, Onuki A. Fluctuations of local electric field and dipole moments in water between metal walls. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:154503. [PMID: 26493911 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the thermal fluctuations of the local electric field Ek (loc) and the dipole moment μk in liquid water at T = 298 K between metal walls in electric field applied in the perpendicular direction. We use analytic theory and molecular dynamics simulation. In this situation, there is a global electrostatic coupling between the surface charges on the walls and the polarization in the bulk. Then, the correlation function of the polarization density pz(r) along the applied field contains a homogeneous part inversely proportional to the cell volume V. Accounting for the long-range dipolar interaction, we derive the Kirkwood-Fröhlich formula for the polarization fluctuations when the specimen volume v is much smaller than V. However, for not small v/V, the homogeneous part comes into play in dielectric relations. We also calculate the distribution of Ek (loc) in applied field. As a unique feature of water, its magnitude |Ek (loc)| obeys a Gaussian distribution with a large mean value E0 ≅ 17 V/nm, which arises mainly from the surrounding hydrogen-bonded molecules. Since |μk|E0 ∼ 30kBT, μk becomes mostly parallel to Ek (loc). As a result, the orientation distributions of these two vectors nearly coincide, assuming the classical exponential form. In dynamics, the component of μk(t) parallel to Ek (loc)(t) changes on the time scale of the hydrogen bonds ∼5 ps, while its smaller perpendicular component undergoes librational motions on time scales of 0.01 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Takae
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Onuki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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38
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Soniat M, Kumar R, Rick SW. Hydrated proton and hydroxide charge transfer at the liquid/vapor interface of water. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:044702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4926831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Soniat
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Steven W. Rick
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
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39
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Abstract
Voltages inside matter are relevant to crystallization, materials science, biology, catalysis, and aqueous chemistry. The variation of voltages in matter can be measured by experiment, however, modern supercomputers allow the calculation of accurate quantum voltages with spatial resolutions of bulk systems well beyond what can currently be measured provided a sufficient level of theory is employed. Of particular interest is the Mean Inner Potential (V(o))--the spatial average of these quantum voltages referenced to the vacuum. Here we establish a protocol to reliably evaluate V(o) from quantum calculations. Voltages are very sensitive to the distribution of electrons and provide metrics to understand interactions in condensed phases. In the present study, we find excellent agreement with measurements of V(o) for vitrified water and salt crystals and demonstrate the impact of covalent and ionic bonding as well as intermolecular/atomic interactions. Certain aspects in this regard are highlighted making use of simple model systems/approximations. Furthermore, we predict V(o) as well as the fluctuations of these voltages in aqueous NaCl electrolytes and characterize the changes in their behavior as the resolution increases below the size of atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Sellner
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Shawn M Kathmann
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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40
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Takae K, Onuki A. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Water between Metal Walls under an Electric Field: Dielectric Response and Dynamics after Field Reversal. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:9377-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jp510296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Takae
- Institute
of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Onuki
- Department
of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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41
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Zarzycki P, Smith DM, Rosso KM. Proton Dynamics on Goethite Nanoparticles and Coupling to Electron Transport. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1715-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500891a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Zarzycki
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dayle M. Smith
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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42
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Soniat M, Hartman L, Rick SW. Charge Transfer Models of Zinc and Magnesium in Water. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1658-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ct501173n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Soniat
- Department
of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, United States
| | - Lisa Hartman
- Benjamin Franklin High School, New Orleans, Louisiana 70122, United States
| | - Steven W. Rick
- Department
of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, United States
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43
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Sindt JO, Alexander AJ, Camp PJ. Structure and Dynamics of Potassium Chloride in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9404-13. [PMID: 25027561 DOI: 10.1021/jp5049937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien O. Sindt
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Scotland
| | - Andrew J. Alexander
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Scotland
| | - Philip J. Camp
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Scotland
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44
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Soniat M, Rick SW. Charge transfer effects of ions at the liquid water/vapor interface. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4874256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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