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Baba R, Fujimaki K, Uemura C, Matsuo Y, Nakahara A, Muramatsu A. Assisting and eliminating memory effects of paste by adding polysaccharides. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:054602. [PMID: 38115423 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A densely packed colloidal suspension, called a paste, is known to remember the direction of its motion because of its plasticity. Because the memory in the paste determines the preferential direction for crack propagation, the desiccation crack pattern morphology depends on memory of its motions (memory effect of paste). Two types of memory effects are memory of vibration and memory of flow. When a paste is dried, it usually shows an "isotropic and random cellular" desiccation crack pattern. However, when a paste is vibrated before drying and it remembers the direction of its vibrational motion, primary desiccation cracks propagate in a direction perpendicular to its vibrational motion before drying (memory of vibration). Once it flows and remembers the direction of its flow motion, primary desiccation cracks propagate in the direction parallel to its flow motion (memory of flow). Anisotropic network formation via interparticle attraction among colloidal particles in a suspension is the dominant factor affecting a paste's memory of its motion. Calcium carbonate (CaCO_{3}) paste remembers the direction of its vibrational motion, but not its own flow direction because Coulombic repulsion among charged CaCO_{3} colloidal particles prevents the formation of a network structure in a flow. For this study, we strove to assist and eliminate CaCO_{3} paste memory effects by adding polysaccharides. First, to characterize memory in paste, we propose a method of image analysis to quantify the strength and the direction of the anisotropy of desiccation crack patterns using Shannon's information entropy. Next, we conduct experiments to add polysaccharide to CaCO_{3} paste, revealing that the addition of a small amount of polysaccharide to CaCO_{3} paste assists the paste in remembering its own flow motion. Findings also indicate that the addition of a large amount of polysaccharide prevents the formation of both memories of its flow and vibrational motion and eliminates the memory effects of paste. We then perform "flocculation and sedimentation" experiments to investigate the interaction among CaCO_{3} colloidal particles in a solution. Results show that, in an aqueous solution with low polysaccharide concentration, CaCO_{3} colloidal particles flocculate each other and quickly form a sediment in a short time, whereas, in an aqueous solution with high polysaccharide concentration, a longer time is necessary for flocculation and sedimentation. Because the addition of small amounts of polysaccharides to CaCO_{3} paste induces polymer bridging between colloidal particles as interparticle attraction, it helps to produce a macroscopic network structure which retains memory of its flow motion and thereby assists the formation of memory of flow, whereas the addition of large amounts of polysaccharides induces interparticle repulsion, which prevents the formation of memory effects of all types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Baba
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fujimaki
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Chihiro Uemura
- Department of Space and Astronautical Science, School of Physical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan, and DigitalBlast, Inc., Tokyo 101-0051, Japan
| | - Yousuke Matsuo
- Laboratory of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Nakahara
- Laboratory of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Akinori Muramatsu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi 274-8501, Chiba, Japan
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Morita J, Otsuki M. Memory effect of external oscillation on residual stress in a paste. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:106. [PMID: 34409512 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We numerically investigate the stress distribution of a paste when an external oscillation is applied. The paste memorizes the oscillation through plastic deformation. Due to the plastic deformation, the residual stress remains after the oscillation, where the residual stress distribution depends on the number of cycles in the oscillation. As this number increases, the symmetry of the stress distribution is enhanced, which is consistent with the crack patterns observed in the experiments using a drying paste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Morita
- Department of Physics and Material Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Neturen Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
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Nakahara A, Hiraoka T, Hayashi R, Matsuo Y, Kitsunezaki S. Mechanism of memory effect of paste which dominates desiccation crack patterns. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 377:rsta.2017.0395. [PMID: 30478207 PMCID: PMC6282403 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
When a densely packed colloidal suspension, called a paste, behaves as plastic fluid, it can remember the direction of its motion it has experienced, such as vibrational motion and flow. These memories kept in paste can be visualized as the morphology of crack patterns that appear when the paste is dried. For example, when a paste remembers the direction of vibrational motion, all primary desiccation cracks propagate in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the vibrational motion that the paste has experienced. On the other hand, when a paste remembers the direction of flow motion, all primary cracks propagate along the flow direction. To find out the mechanism of memory effect of vibration, we perform experiments to rewrite memory in paste by applying additional vibration to the paste along a different direction before the paste is dried. By investigating the process of rewriting memory in paste, we find the competitive phenomena between quasi-linear effect and nonlinear effect, which were studied in each theoretical model based on residual tension theories. That is, at the initial stage of the memory-imprinting process of the vibrational motion, the mechanism predicted by the quasi-linear analysis based on residual tension theory holds, but, as the paste is vibrated repeatedly, the mechanism shown by the nonlinear analysis gradually come to play a dominant role in the memory effect.This article is part of the theme issue 'Statistical physics of fracture and earthquakes'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Nakahara
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Hiraoka
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Rokuya Hayashi
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - Yousuke Matsuo
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Narashino-dai, Funabashi 274-8501, Japan
| | - So Kitsunezaki
- Research Group of Physics, Division of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Diroll BT, Ma X, Wu Y, Murray CB. Anisotropic Cracking of Nanocrystal Superlattices. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6501-6506. [PMID: 28921994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis colloidal nanocrystals in nonpolar organic solvents has led to exceptional size- and shape-control, enabling the formation of nanocrystal superlattices isostructural to atomic lattices built with nanocrystals rather than atoms. The long aliphatic ligands (e.g., oleic acid) used to achieve this control separate nanocrystals too far in the solid state for most charge-transporting devices. Solid-state ligand exchange, which brings particles closer together and enhances conductivity, necessitates large changes in the total volume of the solid (compressive stress), which leads to film cracking. In this work, truncate octahedral lead selenide nanocrystals are shown to self-assemble into body-centered cubic superlattices in which the atomic axes of the individual nanocrystals are coaligned with the crystal axes of the superlattice. Due to this coalignment, upon ligand exchange of the superlattices, cracking is preferentially observed on ⟨011⟩ superlattice directions. This observation is related to differences in the ligand binding to exposed {100} and {111} planes of the PbSe nanocrystal surfaces. This result has implications for binary and more complex structures in which differential reactivity of the constituent elements can lead to disruption of the desired structure. In addition, cracks in PbSe superlattices occur in a semiregular spacings inversely related to the superlattice domain size and strongly influenced by the presence of twin boundaries, which serve as both emission centers and propagation barriers for fractures. This work shows that defects, similar to behavior in nanotwinned metals, could be used to engineer enhanced mechanical strength and electrical conductivity in nanocrystal superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Diroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xuedan Ma
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yaoting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Ding C, Hu JC, Yuan W, Du DZ, Yang Y, Chen G, Zhang KQ. Facile fabrication of centimeter-scale stripes with inverse-opal photonic crystals structure and analysis of formation mechanism. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07314j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile fabrication process for centimeter-scale colloidal photonic crystal stripe is developed through self-assembling polymer microspheres and silica colloidal nanoparticles. With the aid of sintering, porous-ordered microstructure forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Jian-Chen Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Wei Yuan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - De-Zhuang Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Ya Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
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Kim JY, Chang JB, Ross CA, Stellacci F. Seeded solution growth of nanoparticles into ordered three-dimensional supracrystals. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ngo AT, Richardi J, Pileni MP. Crack patterns in superlattices made of maghemite nanocrystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:10666-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nakayama H, Matsuo Y, Takeshi O, Nakahara A. Position control of desiccation cracks by memory effect and Faraday waves. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2013; 36:1. [PMID: 23306446 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pattern formation of desiccation cracks on a layer of a calcium carbonate paste is studied experimentally. This paste is known to exhibit a memory effect, which means that a short-time application of horizontal vibration to the fresh paste predetermines the direction of the cracks that are formed after the paste is dried. While the position of the cracks (as opposed to their direction) is still stochastic in the case of horizontal vibration, the present work reports that their positioning is also controllable, at least to some extent, by applying vertical vibration to the paste and imprinting the pattern of Faraday waves, thus breaking the translational symmetry of the system. The experiments show that the cracks tend to appear in the node zones of the Faraday waves: in the case of stripe-patterned Faraday waves, the cracks are formed twice more frequently in the node zones than in the anti-node zones, presumably due to the localized horizontal motion. As a result of this preference of the cracks to the node zones, the memory of the square lattice pattern of Faraday waves makes the cracks run in the oblique direction differing by 45 degrees from the intuitive lattice direction of the Faraday waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nakayama
- Laboratory of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi, 274-8501, Chiba, Japan
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Nakahara A, Shinohara Y, Matsuo Y. Control of crack pattern using memory effect of paste. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/319/1/012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Choi J, Dong H, Matyjaszewski K, Bockstaller MR. Flexible Particle Array Structures by Controlling Polymer Graft Architecture. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12537-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105189s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 5000 Forbes Avenue, and Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Hongchen Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 5000 Forbes Avenue, and Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 5000 Forbes Avenue, and Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Michael R. Bockstaller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 5000 Forbes Avenue, and Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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Pileni MP. Supracrystals of inorganic nanocrystals: an open challenge for new physical properties. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:1799-809. [PMID: 19007141 DOI: 10.1021/ar800082q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When naturally occurring spherical objects self-organize, the physical properties of the material change. For example, a colorless opal is the result of a disordered aggregate of silica particles. When the silica particles are ordered, however, the opal takes on color, which is determined by the size of the self-assembled particles. In this Account, we describe how these 3D arrangements of nanomaterials can self-organize in 3D arrays called supracrystals; the 3D arrays can fall into the familiar categories of face-centered cubic (fcc), hexagonal compact packing (hcp) crystals, and body-centered (bcc) crystals. The collective properties of these 2D and 3D arrangements are different from the properties of individual nanoparticles and from particles in bulk. Comparison between the approach to saturation of the magnetic curve for supracrystals and disordered aggregates produced from the same batch of nanocrystals is similar to that observed with films or nanoparticles, either highly crystallized or amorphous. We also demonstrate by two various processes and with two types of nanocrystals (silver and cobalt) that when nanocrystals are self-ordered in 3D superlattices, they exhibit a coherent breathing mode vibration of the supracrystal, analogous to a breathing mode vibration of atoms in a nanocrystal. Furthermore, we used 10 nm gamma-Fe(2)O(3) nanocrystals to gain new insight into the scaling law of crack patterns. We found that isotropic and directional crack patterns follow the same universal scaling law over a film height varying by 3 orders of magnitude. These data have led us to propose general analogies between supracrystals of nanocrystals, individual nanocrystals, and the molecules in the bulk phase for certain physical properties based on the ordering of the material. As we continue to study the physical properties of the ordered and disordered arrangements of nanomaterials, we will be able to go further in these analogies. And this exploration leads to new questions: first and foremost, is this behavior general?
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Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Pileni
- Laboratoire LM2N, Université P. et M. Curie (Paris VI), BP 52, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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