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Pajić M, Juribašić Kulcsár M. Solid-State Synthesis of B←N Adducts by the Amine-Facilitated Trimerization of the Phenylboronic Acid. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400190. [PMID: 38334299 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Stable boroxine-amine adducts comprising dative B←N bond(s) were prepared by mechanochemically-induced reactions of phenylboronic acid (PBA) and amines (pyridine, DMAP, 1H-pyrazole, piperidine, DABCO, hexamethylenetetramine, or 4,4'-bipyridine). In-situ Raman monitoring, ex-situ PXRD and DFT calculations were used for product identification. Stoichiometry of the product (3 : 1, 3 : 2 or 6 : 1 adduct) was controlled by the amine structure and the molar ratio of the reactants. The 1 : 2 H-bonded assembly of PBA and 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) was confirmed as an intermediate in the adduct formation for bpy. Competitive binding experiments indicated that the exchange of the amines in the 3 : 1 adducts follows the computed adduct stabilities that increase with the amine basicity. Following the DFT prediction, the first adduct with two different amines, DMAP and pip, bound to one boroxine moiety was isolated and structurally characterized. Results show that calculations can be used to predict possible and preferred product(s) and their spectral characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pajić
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Juribašić Kulcsár
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Chen S, Ai L, Zhang T, Liu P, Liu W, Pan Y, Liu D. Synthesis and application of a triazine derivative containing boron as flame retardant in epoxy resins. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Synergistic effect of an aromatic boronic acid derivative and magnesium hydroxide on the flame retardancy of epoxy resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang T, Liu W, Wang M, Liu P, Pan Y, Liu D. Synthesis of a boron/nitrogen-containing compound based on triazine and boronic acid and its flame retardant effect on epoxy resin. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008316650929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing a novel organic flame retardant, an organic boronic acid derivative containing a triazine ring (2,4,6-tris(4-boronic-2-thiophene)-1,3,5-triazine (3TT-3BA)) was synthesized. The thermal properties of 3TT-3BA and its corresponding intermediate products were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that 3TT-3BA has a high char yield (56.9%). The flame retardant properties of epoxy resin (EP) with 3TT-3BA were investigated by cone calorimeter, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, and vertical burning test (UL 94). The LOI of EP with 20% 3TT-3BA is 31.2% and the UL 94 V-0 rating is achieved for EP with 20% 3TT-3BA. The flame retardant mechanism of 3TT-3BA in EP was investigated using TGA–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weishi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Shine Polymer Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Pan
- Guangzhou Institute of Quality Supervision Test, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfa Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Quality Supervision Test, Guangzhou, China
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Goldberg AR, Northrop BH. Spectroscopic and Computational Investigations of The Thermodynamics of Boronate Ester and Diazaborole Self-Assembly. J Org Chem 2016; 81:969-80. [PMID: 26734844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The solution phase self-assembly of boronate esters, diazaboroles, oxathiaboroles, and dithiaboroles from the condensation of arylboronic acids with aromatic diol, diamine, hydroxythiol, and dithiol compounds in chloroform has been investigated by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and computational methods. Six arylboronic acids were included in the investigations with each boronic acid varying in the substituent at its 4-position. Both computational and experimental results show that the para-substituent of the arylboronic acid does not significantly influence the favorability of forming a condensation product with a given organic donor. The type of donor, however, greatly influences the favorability of self-assembly. (1)H NMR spectroscopy indicates that condensation reactions between arylboronic acids and catechol to give boronate esters are the most favored thermodynamically, followed by diazaborole formation. Computational investigations support this conclusion. Neither oxathiaboroles nor dithiaboroles form spontaneously at equilibrium in chloroform at room temperature. Computational results suggest that the effect of borylation on the frontier orbitals of each donor helps to explain differences in the favorability of their condensation reactions with arylboronic acids. The results can inform the use of boronic acids as they are increasingly utilized in the dynamic self-assembly of organic materials and as components in dynamic combinatorial libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University , Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Brian H Northrop
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University , Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
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Tokunaga Y. Boroxine Chemistry: From Fundamental Studies to Applications in Supramolecular and Synthetic Organic Chemistry. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-13-767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Thilagar P, Chen J, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Reversible Formation of a Planar Chiral Ferrocenylboroxine and Its Supramolecular Structure. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200947v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark,
New Jersey 07102, United States
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark,
New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger A. Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark,
New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark,
New Jersey 07102, United States
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Serrano JL, García L, Pérez J, Pérez E, García J, Sánchez G, Sehnal P, De Ornellas S, Williams TJ, Fairlamb IJS. Synthesis and Characterization of Imine-Palladacycles Containing Imidate “Pseudohalide” Ligands: Efficient Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Precatalysts and Their Activation To Give Pd0Ln Species (L = Phosphine). Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om2002443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Serrano
- Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Geológica y Cartográfica, Área de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Luis García
- Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Geológica y Cartográfica, Área de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| | - José Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Geológica y Cartográfica, Área de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Eduardo Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Geológica y Cartográfica, Área de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Joaquín García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Gregorio Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Petr Sehnal
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Sara De Ornellas
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Thomas J. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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Bhat KL, Markham GD, Larkin JD, Bock CW. Thermodynamics of boroxine formation from the aliphatic boronic acid monomers R-B(OH)2 (R = H, H3C, H2N, HO, and F): a computational investigation. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:7785-93. [PMID: 21650154 PMCID: PMC3154741 DOI: 10.1021/jp202409m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Boroxines are the six-membered cyclotrimeric dehydration products of organoboronic acids, 3R–B(OH)2 → R3B3O3 + 3H2O, and in recent years have emerged as a useful class of organoboron molecules with applications in organic synthesis both as reagents and catalysts, as structural components in boronic-acid-derived pharmaceutical agents, and as anion acceptors and electrolyte additives for battery materials [Korich, A. L.; Iovine, P. M. Dalton Trans. 2010, 39, 1423−1431]. Second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory, in conjunction with the Dunning–Woon correlation-consistent cc-pVDZ, aug-cc-pVDZ, cc-pVTZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets, was used to investigate the structures and relative energies of the endo–exo, anti, and syn conformers of the aliphatic boronic acids R–B(OH)2 (R = H, H3C, H2N, HO, and F), as well as the thermodynamics of their boroxine formation; single-point calculations at the MP2/aug-cc-pVQZ, MP2/aug-cc-pV5Z, and CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ levels using the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ optimized geometries were also performed in selected cases. The endo–exo conformer was generally lowest in energy in vacuo, as well as in PCM and CPCM models of aqueous and carbon tetrachloride media. The values of ΔH(298)(0) for boroxine formation via dehydration from the endo–exo conformers of these aliphatic boronic acids ranged from −2.9 for (H2N)3B3O3 to +12.2 kcal/mol for H3B3O3 at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level in vacuo; for H3B3O3, the corresponding values in PCM/UFF implicit carbon tetrachloride and aqueous media were +11.2 and +9.8 kcal/mol, respectively. On the basis of our calculations, we recommend that ΔHf(298K) for boroxine listed in the JANAF compilation needs to be revised from −290.0 to approximately −277.0 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna L. Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Widener University, Chester, PA 19013
| | - George D. Markham
- The Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701 Burholme Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Joseph D. Larkin
- The National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bldg. 50, Bethesda, MD 20851
| | - Charles W. Bock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Health, Philadelphia University, School House Lane and Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144
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Spitler EL, Giovino MR, White SL, Dichtel WR. A mechanistic study of Lewis acid-catalyzed covalent organic framework formation. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00260k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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