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Herburger A, Ončák M, Siu C, Demissie EG, Heller J, Tang WK, Beyer MK. Infrared Spectroscopy of Size-Selected Hydrated Carbon Dioxide Radical Anions CO 2 .- (H 2 O) n (n=2-61) in the C-O Stretch Region. Chemistry 2019; 25:10165-10171. [PMID: 31132183 PMCID: PMC6771497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the intrinsic properties of the hydrated carbon dioxide radical anions CO2 .- (H2 O)n is relevant for electrochemical carbon dioxide functionalization. CO2 .- (H2 O)n (n=2-61) is investigated by using infrared action spectroscopy in the 1150-2220 cm-1 region in an ICR (ion cyclotron resonance) cell cooled to T=80 K. The spectra show an absorption band around 1280 cm-1 , which is assigned to the symmetric C-O stretching vibration νs . It blueshifts with increasing cluster size, reaching the bulk value, within the experimental linewidth, for n=20. The antisymmetric C-O vibration νas is strongly coupled with the water bending mode ν2 , causing a broad feature at approximately 1650 cm-1 . For larger clusters, an additional broad and weak band appears above 1900 cm-1 similar to bulk water, which is assigned to a combination band of water bending and libration modes. Quantum chemical calculations provide insight into the interaction of CO2 .- with the hydrogen-bonding network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Herburger
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Milan Ončák
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Chi‐Kit Siu
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon Tong, Hong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Ephrem G. Demissie
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon Tong, Hong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Jakob Heller
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Wai Kit Tang
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon Tong, Hong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Martin K. Beyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
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Liu G, Ciborowski SM, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Zhang X, Bowen KH. The metallo-formate anions, M(CO2)−, M = Ni, Pd, Pt, formed by electron-induced CO2 activation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10955-10960. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01915d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metallo-formate anions, M(CO2)−, M = Ni, Pd, and Pt, were formed by electron-induced CO2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | | | - Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Yinlin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
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Herburger A, Ončák M, Barwa E, van der Linde C, Beyer MK. Carbon-carbon bond formation in the reaction of hydrated carbon dioxide radical anions with 3-butyn-1-ol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 435:101-106. [PMID: 33209089 PMCID: PMC7116384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical activation of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution is a promising way to use carbon dioxide as a C1 building block. Mechanistic studies in the gas phase play an important role to understand the inherent chemical reactivity of the carbon dioxide radical anion. Here, the reactivity of CO2 •-(H2O)n with 3-butyn-1-ol is investigated by Fourier transform ion cyclotron (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations. Carbon-carbon bond formation takes places, but is associated with a barrier. Therefore, bond formation may require uptake of several butynol molecules. The water molecules slowly evaporate from the cluster due to the absorption of room temperature black-body radiation. When all water molecules are lost, butynol evaporation sets in. In this late stage of the reaction, side reactions occur including H• atom transfer and elimination of HOCO•.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martin K. Beyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Watabe Y, Miyazaki T, Ozama E, Takayanagi T, Suzuki YI. Theoretical calculations of photoelectron spectrum of (Au–CO2)− anion. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Craig SM, Johnson CJ, Ranasinghe DS, Perera A, Bartlett RJ, Berman MR, Johnson MA. Vibrational Characterization of Radical Ion Adducts between Imidazole and CO 2. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3805-3810. [PMID: 29608067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We address the molecular level origins of the dramatic difference in the catalytic mechanisms of CO2 activation by the seemingly similar molecules pyridine (Py) and imidazole (Im). This is accomplished by comparing the fundamental interactions of CO2 radical anions with Py and Im in the isolated, gas phase PyCO2- and ImCO2- complexes. These species are prepared by condensation of the neutral compounds onto a (CO2) n- cluster ion beam by entrainment in a supersonic jet ion source. The structures of the anionic complexes are determined by theoretical analysis of their vibrational spectra, obtained by IR photodissociation of weakly bound CO2 molecules in a photofragmentation mass spectrometer. Although the radical PyCO2- system adopts a carbamate-like configuration corresponding to formation of an N-C covalent bond, the ImCO2- species is revealed to be best described as an ion-molecule complex in which an oxygen atom in the CO2- radical anion is H-bonded to the NH group. Species that feature a covalent N-C interaction in ImCO2- are calculated to be locally stable structures, but are much higher in energy than the largely electrostatically bound ion-molecule complex. These results support the suggestion from solution phase electrochemical studies (Bocarsly et al. ACS Catal. 2012, 2, 1684-1692) that the N atoms are not directly involved in the catalytic activation of CO2 by Im.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Craig
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Christopher J Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794 , United States
| | - Duminda S Ranasinghe
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Ajith Perera
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Rodney J Bartlett
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Michael R Berman
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research , Arlington , Virginia 22203 , United States
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
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Yang J, Kong X, Jiang L. On the solvation of hydronium by carbon dioxide: Structural and infrared spectroscopic study of (H3O+)(CO2). Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oh R, Lim E, Zhang X, Heo J, Bowen KH, Kim SK. Ab initio study on anomalous structures of anionic [(N-heterocycle)-CO2]− complexes. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:134304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rena Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Eunhak Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Jiyoung Heo
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 31066, South Korea
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Seong Keun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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The effects of water microsolvation on the C 2 O 4 − ↔ CO 2 ·CO 2 − core switching reaction: Perspective from exploration of pathways on the potential energy surfaces of small [(CO 2 ) 2 (H 2 O) n ] − ( n = 1 and 2) clusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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van der Linde C, Tang WK, Siu CK, Beyer MK. Electrons Mediate the Gas-Phase Oxidation of Formic Acid with Ozone. Chemistry 2016; 22:12684-7. [PMID: 27400953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian van der Linde
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik; Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Wai-Kit Tang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi-Kit Siu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Martin K. Beyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik; Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
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Zhang X, Lim E, Kim SK, Bowen KH. Photoelectron spectroscopic and computational study of (M-CO2)(-) anions, M = Cu, Ag, Au. J Chem Phys 2016; 143:174305. [PMID: 26547168 DOI: 10.1063/1.4935061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a combined photoelectron spectroscopic and computational study of (M-CO2)(-), M = Au, Ag, Cu, anionic complexes, we show that (Au-CO2)(-) forms both the chemisorbed and physisorbed isomers, AuCO2(-) and Au(-)(CO2), respectively; that (Ag-CO2)(-) forms only the physisorbed isomer, Ag(-)(CO2); and that (Cu-CO2)(-) forms only the chemisorbed isomer, CuCO2(-). The two chemisorbed complexes, AuCO2(-) and CuCO2(-), are covalently bound, formate-like anions, in which their CO2 moieties are significantly reduced. These two species are examples of electron-induced CO2 activation. The two physisorbed complexes, Au(-)(CO2) and Ag(-)(CO2), are electrostatically and thus weakly bound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Eunhak Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea
| | - Seong K Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Zhao Z, Kong XT, Lei X, Zhang BB, Zhao JJ, Jiang L. Early Stage Solvation of Protonated Methanol by Carbon Dioxide. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/28/cjcp1507146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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12
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Brinzer T, Berquist EJ, Ren Z, Dutta S, Johnson CA, Krisher CS, Lambrecht DS, Garrett-Roe S. Ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy (2D-IR) of CO2 in ionic liquids: Carbon capture from carbon dioxide's point of view. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:212425. [PMID: 26049445 DOI: 10.1063/1.4917467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The CO2ν3 asymmetric stretching mode is established as a vibrational chromophore for ultrafast two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopic studies of local structure and dynamics in ionic liquids, which are of interest for carbon capture applications. CO2 is dissolved in a series of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids ([C4C1im][X], where [X](-) is the anion from the series hexafluorophosphate (PF6 (-)), tetrafluoroborate (BF4 (-)), bis-(trifluoromethyl)sulfonylimide (Tf2N(-)), triflate (TfO(-)), trifluoroacetate (TFA(-)), dicyanamide (DCA(-)), and thiocyanate (SCN(-))). In the ionic liquids studied, the ν3 center frequency is sensitive to the local solvation environment and reports on the timescales for local structural relaxation. Density functional theory calculations predict charge transfer from the anion to the CO2 and from CO2 to the cation. The charge transfer drives geometrical distortion of CO2, which in turn changes the ν3 frequency. The observed structural relaxation timescales vary by up to an order of magnitude between ionic liquids. Shoulders in the 2D-IR spectra arise from anharmonic coupling of the ν2 and ν3 normal modes of CO2. Thermal fluctuations in the ν2 population stochastically modulate the ν3 frequency and generate dynamic cross-peaks. These timescales are attributed to the breakup of ion cages that create a well-defined local environment for CO2. The results suggest that the picosecond dynamics of CO2 are gated by local diffusion of anions and cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Brinzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Eric J Berquist
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Zhe Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Samrat Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Clinton A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Cullen S Krisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Daniel S Lambrecht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Sean Garrett-Roe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Graham JD, Buytendyk AM, Wang Y, Kim SK, Bowen KH. CO2 binding in the (quinoline-CO2)− anionic complex. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:234307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D. Graham
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Allyson M. Buytendyk
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Seong K. Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea
| | - Kit H. Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Inokuchi Y, Ebata T. IR photodissociation spectroscopy of (OCS)n(+) and (OCS)n(-) cluster ions: Similarity and dissimilarity in the structure of CO2, OCS, and CS2 cluster ions. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:214306. [PMID: 26049495 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectra of (OCS)n(+) and (OCS)n(-) (n = 2-6) cluster ions are measured in the 1000-2300 cm(-1) region; these clusters show strong CO stretching vibrations in this region. For (OCS)2 +) and (OCS)2(-), we utilize the messenger technique by attaching an Ar atom to measure their IR spectra. The IRPD spectrum of (OCS)2 (+)Ar shows two bands at 2095 and 2120 cm(-1). On the basis of quantum chemical calculations, these bands are assigned to a C2 isomer of (OCS)2 (+), in which an intermolecular semi-covalent bond is formed between the sulfur ends of the two OCS components by the charge resonance interaction, and the positive charge is delocalized over the dimer. The (OCS)n(+) (n = 3-6) cluster ions show a few bands assignable to "solvent" OCS molecules in the 2000-2080 cm(-1) region, in addition to the bands due to the (OCS)2(+) ion core at ∼2090 and ∼2120 cm(-1), suggesting that the dimer ion core is kept in (OCS)3-6(+). For the (OCS)n(-) cluster anions, the IRPD spectra indicate the coexistence of a few isomers with an OCS(-) or (OCS)2(-) anion core over the cluster range of n = 2-6. The (OCS)2(-)Ar anion displays two strong bands at 1674 and 1994 cm(-1). These bands can be assigned to a Cs isomer with an OCS(-) anion core. For the n = 2-4 anions, this OCS(-) anion core form is dominant. In addition to the bands of the OCS(-) core isomer, we found another band at ∼1740 cm(-1), which can be assigned to isomers having an (OCS)2(-) ion core; this dimer core has C2 symmetry and (2)A electronic state. The IRPD spectra of the n = 3-6 anions show two IR bands at ∼1660 and ∼2020 cm(-1). The intensity of the latter component relative to that of the former one becomes stronger and stronger with increasing the size from n = 2 to 4, which corresponds to the increase of "solvent" OCS molecules attached to the OCS(-) ion core, but it suddenly decreases at n = 5 and 6. These IR spectral features of the n = 5 and 6 anions are ascribed to the formation of another (OCS)2(-) ion core having C2v symmetry with (2)B2 electronic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Inokuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ebata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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Weber JM. The interaction of negative charge with carbon dioxide – insight into solvation, speciation and reductive activation from cluster studies. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2014.969554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Silveira JA, Servage KA, Gamage CM, Russell DH. Cryogenic Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Captures Hydrated Ions Produced During Electrospray Ionization. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:953-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311278a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Silveira
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kelly A. Servage
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Chaminda M. Gamage
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - David H. Russell
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Grein F, Chevrier DM. Theoretical studies on clusters of carbonate with carbon dioxide, CO 31–/2–(CO 2) n, for n= 1–5 — Comparison of carbonate clusters with sulfate clusters. CAN J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/v2012-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the geometries and energies of CO31–/2–(CO2)nclusters with n = 1–5. For small clusters (n = 1 or 2), coupled cluster energies were obtained. Up to three CO2molecules are bound covalently to the dianion. Only weak electrostatic bonds were found in the monoanions. Calculated binding energies for the monoanions are in reasonable agreement with experimental values. The calculated adiabatic electron detachment energy for the dianion is –0.07 eV at n = 5, indicating that at least six CO2molecules will have to be added to CO32–before the dianionic cluster becomes, in the gas phase, more stable than the monoanionic one. In comparison, for sulfate – carbon dioxide clusters, stabilization occurs at n = 2. Carbonate clusters are compared with sulfate clusters for three solvent molecules: CO2, SO2, and H2O. Carbonate clusters have larger binding energies than sulfate clusters. For a given dianion, binding energies are largest for SO2and smallest for H2O. However, in all cases, stabilization of the carbonate dianion by clustering is more difficult to achieve than stabilization of the sulfate dianion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Grein
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Daniel M. Chevrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
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Grein F, Chevrier DM. Theoretical studies on anionic clusters of sulfate anions and carbon dioxide, SO 4 −1/−2 (CO2) n , n = 1−4. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kamrath MZ, Relph RA, Johnson MA. Vibrational Predissociation Spectrum of the Carbamate Radical Anion, C5H5N-CO2−, Generated by Reaction of Pyridine with (CO2)m−. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:15508-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1073036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Z. Kamrath
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Rachael A. Relph
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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