1
|
Hu X, Wang D, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang S. Ultrafast restricted intramolecular rotation in molecules with aggregation induced emission. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:154302. [PMID: 38619455 DOI: 10.1063/5.0200622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the ultrafast intramolecular rotation behavior of 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexaphenylsilole has been investigated in several solutions with different viscosities using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy combined with density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations. It is demonstrated that the nonradiative process, which competes with radiative decay, involves two main stages, namely the restricted intramolecular rotation and internal conversion processes. The intramolecular rotation depends on viscosity and presents a significant restriction. The restricted rotational rate is determined to be dozens of picoseconds. The following nonradiative process is strongly dominated by intramolecular rotation. The nonradiative decay rate will decrease with the increase in viscosity, leading to a rise in the radiative probability and photoluminous yield. These results have borne out the mechanism of ultrafast restricted intramolecular rotation of aggregation induced emission and provided a detailed photophysical picture of nonradiative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang K, Cai L, Fan J, Song Y, Lin L, Wang CK, Li J. Conformational Isomerization Effect on Singlet/Triplet Energy Consumption Process of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules with Aggregation Induced Emission: A QM/MM Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2436-2446. [PMID: 38394771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties hold tremendous potential in biomedical sensing/imaging and telecommunications. In this study, a multiscale method combined with thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) theory is used to investigate the photophysical properties of the novel TADF molecule CNPy-SPAC in toluene and crystal and amorphous states. In the crystal state, an increase in radiative rates and a decrease in nonradiative rates lead to AIE. Additionally, conformational isomerization effects result in significantly different luminescent efficiencies between the two crystal structures. Furthermore, the isomerization effect allows for the coexistence of three configurations in the amorphous state. Among them, the non-TADF quasi-axial (Qa) configuration may facilitate energy transfer to the TADF-characteristic quasi-equal/quasi-equal-H (Qe/Qe-H) configurations, enhancing AIE. Moreover, the Qa configuration enables rapid electron transport, offering the potential for self-doped devices. Our work elucidates a new mechanism for the isomerization effect in AIE-TADF molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Jianzhong Fan
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Yuzhi Song
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao M, Wen J, Hu Q, Wei X, Zhong YW, Ruan H, Gu M. A 3D nanoscale optical disk memory with petabit capacity. Nature 2024; 626:772-778. [PMID: 38383625 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06980-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
High-capacity storage technologies are needed to meet our ever-growing data demands1,2. However, data centres based on major storage technologies such as semiconductor flash devices and hard disk drives have high energy burdens, high operation costs and short lifespans2,3. Optical data storage (ODS) presents a promising solution for cost-effective long-term archival data storage. Nonetheless, ODS has been limited by its low capacity and the challenge of increasing its areal density4,5. Here, to address these issues, we increase the capacity of ODS to the petabit level by extending the planar recording architecture to three dimensions with hundreds of layers, meanwhile breaking the optical diffraction limit barrier of the recorded spots. We develop an optical recording medium based on a photoresist film doped with aggregation-induced emission dye, which can be optically stimulated by femtosecond laser beams. This film is highly transparent and uniform, and the aggregation-induced emission phenomenon provides the storage mechanism. It can also be inhibited by another deactivating beam, resulting in a recording spot with a super-resolution scale. This technology makes it possible to achieve exabit-level storage by stacking nanoscale disks into arrays, which is essential in big data centres with limited space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhao
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiao Hu
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Ruan
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Gu
- Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sonoda Y, Kamada K. Synthesis, Characterization, and Fluorescence Properties of a Series of Trifluoromethylated Diphenylhexatrienes. J Fluor Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
5
|
Karmakar N, Das M. Low-lying excited states of Diphenylpolyenes and its derivatives in singlet fission : A Density Matrix Renormalization Group study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Mizokuro T, Kamada K, Sonoda Y. Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion from diphenylhexatriene and ring-substituted derivatives in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11520-11526. [PMID: 35416189 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04784a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report that diphenylhexatriene (DPH) and its ring-substituted derivatives act as emitter molecules in triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC). A palladium porphyrin derivative, meso-tetraphenyl-tetrabenzoporphine palladium complex (PdTPBP), which acts as a sensitiser in TTA-UC, and DPH derivatives were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The solution showed blue-green to green UC emission under photoexcitation at 640 nm in a nitrogen atmosphere. The UC quantum efficiency (ηUC) values of the DPHs were estimated, with (E,E,E)-1,6-bis[4-(di-2-picolylamino)phenyl]hexa-1,3,5-triene (pico DPH) showing the highest. In addition, the quantum yields of triplet energy transfer (TET) and triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA), which are elementary processes in TTA-UC, were estimated, as well as the triplet lifetimes of each DPH derivative. The results indicate that the TTA process governs the value of ηUC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiko Mizokuro
- RIAEP, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Kenji Kamada
- NMRI, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sonoda
- RIAEP, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Riga-Rocha BA, Machado AE, Neumann MG, Cavalheiro CC. Experimental and theoretical study of three newly-synthesized iminochalcones: An example of dual emission induced by polarity changes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Cheng L, Wang M, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Kong L, Li Y. Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3,5-Trienes from Alkynones and Allyl Carbonyl Compounds Through C-C σ-Bond Cleavage under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00617k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An atom-economical transition-metal-free protocol for the stereoselective synthesis of conjugated trienes has been developed. These transformations were realized through base promoted C-C σ-bond cleavage reactions of allyl carbonyl compounds. This...
Collapse
|
9
|
Sonoda Y. Chain-Length-Dependent Photophysical Properties of α,ω-Di(4-pyridyl)polyenes: Effects of Solvent Polarity, Hydrogen Bond Formation, Protonation, and N-Alkylation. J Fluoresc 2021; 32:95-108. [PMID: 34562204 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the solvent effects on the photophysical properties of α,ω-di(4-pyridyl)polyenes 1-5 having 1-5 double bonds. The solution photoproperties depend strongly on conjugation chain length. The absorption maximum (λa) of dipyridylethylene 1 is observed at around 290 nm and only slightly redshifts as the solvent polarity increases, whereas its fluorescence maximum (λf) redshifts from 368 nm in hexane to 403 nm in acetonitrile. Although 1 is a centrosymmetric molecule, its fluorescence energy linearly correlates with the Onsager solvent polarity function f(ε) - f(n2) = (ε - 1)/(2ε + 1)-(n2 - 1)/(2n2 + 1), indicating that the emission originates from an intramolecular charge transfer (CT) excited state. Exceptionally, λf in methanol is largely blue-shifted to 341 nm from those in other aprotic solvents. The fluorescence solvatochromism of longer polyenes 2-5 is much less significant than that of 1. Upon protonation and N-alkylation, both the absorption and fluorescence spectra of all five compounds are red-shifted in methanol. The largest shifts in λa and λf on protonation are observed for pentaene 5 (73 nm) and diene 2 (57 nm), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Sonoda
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, 305-8565, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Structural Diversity of Hydrogen-Bonded 4-Aryl-3,5-Dimethylpyrazoles for Supramolecular Materials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164550. [PMID: 34443074 PMCID: PMC8399114 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The 1H-pyrazoles have high versatility and ability to form hydrogen-bonded supramolecular materials. In this study, the thermal stability, fluorescence, and H-bonding ability of the studied 3,5-dimethyl-4-(4-X-phenyl)-1H-pyrazoles showed large differences depending on the terminal substituent. Supramolecular structures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface calculations. Compounds were found to arrange in different hydrogen-bonded structures, depending on the substitution at the para position of the phenyl ring (X = OCH3, NO2, NH2). The methoxy-substituted compounds arranged in dimers through methanol bridges, the nitro-substituted compound formed supramolecular polymers or catemers, and the amino-substituted compound gave rise to a new structure based on a 2D hydrogen-bonded network.
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang C, Qiu Z, Gao Y, Chen WC, Ji S, Huo Y. Research Progress on Aggregation-Induced Delayed Fluorescence in Materials and Devices. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
12
|
Elagamy A, Althagafi I, Pratap R. Step-wise and one-pot synthesis of highly substituted conjugated trienes from 2-oxobenzo[ h]chromenes/2 H-pyran-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3901-3910. [PMID: 33949600 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mild and efficient route for the synthesis of conjugated trienes via nitroethane-mediated ring contraction of 2-oxobenzo[h]chromenes/2H-pyran-2-ones followed by decarboxylative rearrangement of the obtained spirobutenolides and butenolides is described. The (E)-isomer of trienes was obtained by step-wise and one-pot approaches from 2-oxobenzo[h]chromenes. Butenolides 4a-l as new substrates have been developed for the construction of trienes. The mixture of the (E)- and (Z)-isomers of spirobutenolides undergoes decarboxylative rearrangement in the presence of sodium ethoxide as a base to yield the (E)-isomer of trienes, while the (E)-isomer of butenolides reacts to give a mixture of (2E,4E)- and (2E,4Z)-isomers of trienes in an almost steady ratio of 45 : 55 or 1 : 1.2. The structure and geometry of the obtained butenolides and trienes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elagamy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, North Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Ismail Althagafi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramendra Pratap
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, North Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sonoda Y, Tohnai N, Shimoi Y. Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Spectroscopic Properties of a Series of α,ω-Di(4-pyridyl)polyenes: Effect of Aggregation-Induced Emission. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1968-1980. [PMID: 32743941 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures and fluorescence spectroscopic properties were investigated for a series of all-(E) α,ω-di(4-pyridyl)polyenes (1-5) with different number of double bonds (n). Molecules 1 and 2 (n=1, 2) in crystals are arranged to form partially π-overlapped structures, whereas those of 3-5 (n=3-5) are stacked in a herringbone fashion. All these molecules, the shorter polyenes in particular, are almost nonfluorescent in solution. In the solid state, 1 and 2 are highly emissive as pure organic solids [fluorescence quantum yields (φf )=0.3-0.5], while 3 and 4 are only weakly fluorescent (φf <0.05). The strongly n-dependent fluorescence properties can be attributed to the largely different molecular arrangements in the crystals. Although 5 is nonfluorescent in the solid state, we observe a very clear structure-property relationship in 1-4. Compounds 1 and 2 become much more emissive in the solid state than in solution as a result of the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Sonoda
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shimoi
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Tran T, Prlj A, Lin KH, Hollas D, Corminboeuf C. Mechanisms of fluorescence quenching in prototypical aggregation-induced emission systems: excited state dynamics with TD-DFTB. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9026-9035. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00691e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A recent implementation of time-dependent tight-binding density functional theory is employed in excited state molecular dynamics for the investigation of the fluorescence quenching mechanism in 3 prototypical aggregation-induced emission systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Tran
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Antonio Prlj
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Kun-Han Lin
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hollas
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Baig MK, Prusti B, Roy D, Sahu PK, Sarkar M, Sharma A, Chakravarty M. Weak Donor-/Strong Acceptor-Linked Anthracenyl π-Conjugates as Solvato(fluoro)chromophore and AEEgens: Contrast between Nitro and Cyano Functionality. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9114-9125. [PMID: 31459046 PMCID: PMC6644878 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Steady development on photophysical behaviors for a variety of organic fluorophores inspired us to generate anthracene-based fluorescent molecules with a strong acceptor and a significantly weak donor through a π-spacer. Such molecules are found to have substantial twisted conformational orientations in the solid state and enhanced apolar character because of the attachment of tolyl or mesityl group with an anthracenyl core. Upon exposure to a variety of solvents, strong solvatochromism was noticed for 4-nitro compound (84 nm red shift) in contrast to the cyano analogue (18 nm red shift). Both these probes were highly emissive in apolar solvents while nitro-analogue, in particular, could discriminate the solvents of E T(30) (a measure of microscopic solvent polarity) ranging from 31 to 37. Thus, 4-nitro compounds can be successfully employed to detect and differentiate the apolar solvents. On the contrary, the 2-nitro analogue is almost nonemissive for the same range of solvents perhaps because of favorable excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer process. The fundamental understanding of solvatochromic properties through the formation of twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) state is experimentally analyzed by synthesizing and studying the π-conjugates linked to only benzene in place of nitro or cyanobenzene, which exhibits no solvatochromism and that helped finding the possible emission, originated from the locally excited state. Moreover, the molecular structures for these compounds are determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies to examine the change in emission properties with molecular packing and alignment in the aggregated state. The measurement of dihedral angles between the substituents and anthracenyl core was helpful in finding the possible extent of electronic conjugations within the system to decipher both solvatochromism and aggregation enhanced emission (AEE)-behavior. The cyano analogue exhibited prominent AEE-behavior, whereas nitro analogues showed the aggregation-caused quenching effect. The reason behind such dissimilarity in solvatochromism and AEE-behavior between cyano- and nitro-linked anthracenyl π-conjugates are also addressed through experimental outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moghal
Zubair Khalid Baig
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shamirpet
Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Banchhanidhi Prusti
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shamirpet
Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Durba Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shamirpet
Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar Sahu
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute
of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Moloy Sarkar
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute
of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Aayushi Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shamirpet
Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Manab Chakravarty
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shamirpet
Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
- E-mail: (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Substituent Dependence Charge Transfer and Photochemical Properties of Donor-Acceptor Substituted Ethenyl Thiophenes. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1729-1738. [PMID: 28477137 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor conjugated molecules with efficient light induced properties represent interesting material for electronic device application. In this context, we have calculated excited state dipole moment of three ethenyl thiophenes (1-3) bearing varied electron donor-acceptor substituent in p-phenyl unit using Lippert-Mataga, Bakhshiev and Kawski method. It is found that 1 with strong electron-withdrawing nitro substituent, is exhibiting charge transfer and highly dipolar excited state as compared to 2 and 3. Photochemical studies of 1-3, indicate towards the charge transfer dependence trans-cis photoisomerization under direct irradiation condition. Compound 1 exhibits charge transfer and less efficient towards photoisomerization, whereas 2 and 3 undergo efficient photoisomerization. Graphical Abstract Substituent dependence charge transfer and photochemical properties of donor-acceptor substituted ethenyl thiophenes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang T, Peng Q, Quan C, Nie H, Niu Y, Xie Y, Zhao Z, Tang BZ, Shuai Z. Using the isotope effect to probe an aggregation induced emission mechanism: theoretical prediction and experimental validation. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5573-5580. [PMID: 30034698 PMCID: PMC6022082 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has become a hot topic for a variety of potential applications, but the understanding of its working mechanism is still under scrutiny. Herein, we proposed the use of the isotope effect (IE) to identify the AIE mechanism: under the restriction of an internal motion mechanism, the IE is pronouncedly different in excited-state decay rates when contrasting AIE luminogens (AIEgens) and non-AIEgens in theoretical calculations. For the complete deuteration of AIEgens, the IE of nonradiative decay rate in solution (<-10%) is much weaker than that (-65% to -95%) in aggregate, because the former stems from the overall results of competitive vibronic coupling and the severe mixing of low-frequency modes while the latter mainly comes from the vibronic coupling only. The experimental results confirm the isotopic "jump" behaviors in AIEgens well. However, non-AIEgens exhibit equivalent IEs (-40% to -90%) in both solution and solid phases. Further partial deuteration schemes for the 6-ring AIE analogues show positional dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China .
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China .
| | - Changyun Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China
| | - Han Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China
| | - Yingli Niu
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China
| | - Yujun Xie
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China .
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 351005 , China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shuai Z, Peng Q. Organic light-emitting diodes: theoretical understanding of highly efficient materials and development of computational methodology. Natl Sci Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nww024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Theoretical understanding of organic light-emitting diodes started from the quest to the nature of the primary excitation in organic molecular and polymeric materials. We found the electron correlation strength, bond-length alternation as well as the conjugation extent have strong influences on the orderings of the lowest lying excited states through the first application of density matrix renormalization group theory to quantum chemistry. The electro-injected free carriers (with spin 1/2) can form both singlet and triplet bound states. We found that the singlet exciton formation ratio can exceed the conventional 25% spin statistics limit. We proposed a vibration correlation function formalism to evaluate the excited-state decay rates, which is shown to not only give reasonable estimations for the quantum efficiency but also a quantitative account for the aggregation-induced emission (AIE). It is suggested to unravel the AIE mechanism through resonance Raman spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qian Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Agnihotri H, Paramasivam M, Palakollu V, Kanvah S. Photoisomerization ofTrans Ortho-,Meta-,Para-Nitro Diarylbutadienes: A Case of Regioselectivity. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:1324-31. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Agnihotri
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar; Ahmedabad India
| | | | | | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar; Ahmedabad India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Agnihotri H, Palakollu V, Kanvah S. Selective photoisomerization of methyl substituted nitro diphenylbutadienes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
22
|
Zhang T, Jiang Y, Niu Y, Wang D, Peng Q, Shuai Z. Aggregation effects on the optical emission of 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexaphenylsilole (HPS): a QM/MM study. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:9094-104. [PMID: 24921662 DOI: 10.1021/jp5021017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the photophysical property for 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexaphenylsilole (HPS) through combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations. Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation with consideration of the Duschinsky rotation effect (DRE), the radiative and nonradiative rates of the excited-state decay processes for HPS are calculated by using the analytical vibration correlation function approach coupled with first-principles calculations. The intermolecular packing effect is incorporated through electrostatic interaction modeled by a force field. We find that from the gas phase to the solid state (i) the side phenyl ring at the 5-position becomes coplanar with the central silacycle, which increases the degree of conjugation, thus accelerating the radiative decay process, and (ii) the rotation of the side phenyl ring at the 2-position is restricted, which blocks the excited-state nonradiative decay channels. Such a synergetic effect largely enhances the solid-state luminescence quantum efficiency through reducing the nonradiative decay rate by about 4 orders of magnitude, leading to the radiative decay overwhelming the nonradiatvie decay. In addition, the calculated solid-phase absorption and emission optical spectra of HPS are found to be in agreement with the experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Horino Y, Takahashi Y, Koketsu K, Abe H, Tsuge K. Practical and Convenient Synthesis of 1,6-Di- or 1,2,5,6-Tetra-arylhexa-1,3,5-trienes by the Dimerization of Pd(0)-Complexed Alkenylcarbenes Generated from π-Allylpalladium Intermediates. Org Lett 2014; 16:3184-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501643x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Horino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-855, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-855, Japan
| | - Kaori Koketsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-855, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Abe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-855, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tsuge
- Department of Applied Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama 930-855, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Tang J, Gu J, Wang Q, Sun P, Zhang D. Chiral 1,2-Cyclohexane-Bridged Bis-NHC Palladium Catalysts for Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling: Synthesis, Characterization, and Steric Effects on Enantiocontrol. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om400825e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinle Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junkai Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanrui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen S, Qin Z, Liu T, Wu X, Li Y, Liu H, Song Y, Li Y. Aggregation-induced emission on benzothiadiazole dyads with large third-order optical nonlinearity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 15:12660-6. [PMID: 23793230 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51273h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two kinds of D-A molecular of (4-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl))-7-nitrobenzothiadiazole (BSC) and 4-((4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)ethynyl)-7-nitrobenzothiadiazole (BEC) containing carbazole moieties as the donor were synthesized. X-ray crystal data elucidated the multiple intermolecular interactions. They exhibit distinctly different self-assembly behaviours. The nonlinear optical properties were studied using the top-hat Z-scan technique at 532 nm with a 21 ps pulse. The results indicate that they exhibit large third-order nonlinear absorption effects. The nonlinear absorption coefficients α2 fitting the experimental data are 6.3 × 10(-12) m W(-1) for BSC and 3.6 × 10(-11) m W(-1) for BEC. The time-resolved pump-probe results show that both nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of BEC in CH2Cl2 solution have rapid optical responses, which indicate the nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction mechanism are excited-state nonlinear. Moreover, both of these two compounds are observed to be aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active. The aggregates of the well-formed one-dimensional microrods of BEC and BSC endow the material with potential applications in the field of optical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songhua Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cao C, Zhu Y, Chen G. Effect of substituents and conjugated chain length on the UV spectra of α,ω-di-substituted phenyl polyenes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhong Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR; Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Yun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR; Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Guanfan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR; Xiangtan 411201 China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xin H, Zhu X, Yan H, Song X. A novel photodimerization of 4-aryl-4H-pyrans for cage compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
28
|
Sonoda Y, Shimoi Y, Goto M, Tohnai N, Kanesato M. Fluorescence properties of (E,E,E)-1,6-di(n-naphthyl)-1,3,5-hexatriene (n = 1, 2): effects of internal rotation. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:566-78. [PMID: 23259595 DOI: 10.1021/jp306103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence spectroscopic properties of (E,E,E)-1,6-di(n-naphthyl)-1,3,5-hexatrienes (1, n = 1; 2, n = 2) have been investigated in solution and in the solid state. In solution, the absorption maxima (λ(a)) of the lowest-energy band (1, 374 nm; 2, 376 nm in methylcyclohexane) were similar for 1 and 2, whereas the fluorescence maxima (λ(f)) (1, 545 nm; 2, 453 nm) and quantum yields (φ(f)) (1, 0.046; 2, 0.68) were very different regardless of the solvent polarity. The fluorescence spectrum of 1 was independent of the excitation wavelength (λ(ex)), whereas the spectrum of 2 was weakly λ(ex)-dependent. In the solid state, the spectroscopic properties of 1 and 2 were similar (λ(a) = 437-438 nm, λ(f) = 496-505 nm, φ(f) = 0.04-0.07). The origins of emission are both considered to be mainly monomeric. With the help of single-crystal X-ray structure analysis and ab initio quantum chemical calculation, we conclude that the red-shifted and weak emission of 1 in solution originates from a planar excited state having small charge transfer character, reached from a twisted Franck-Condon state by the excited-state geometrical relaxation accompanied by the internal rotation around the naphthalene (Ar)-CH single bond. The similar fluorescence properties of 1 and 2 in the solid state can be attributed to the restriction of the geometrical relaxation. The effects of the Ar-CH rotational isomerism on the fluorescence properties in solution, for 2 in particular, are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Sonoda
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu Q, Deng C, Peng Q, Niu Y, Shuai Z. Quantum chemical insights into the aggregation induced emission phenomena: a QM/MM study for pyrazine derivatives. J Comput Chem 2012; 33:1862-9. [PMID: 22622704 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There have been intensive studies on the newly discovered phenomena called aggregation induced emission (AIE), in contrast to the conventional aggregation quenching. Through combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics computations, we have investigated the aggregation effects on the excited state decays, both via radiative and nonradiative routes, for pyrazine derivatives 2,3-dicyano-5,6-diphenylpyrazine (DCDPP) and 2,3-dicyanopyrazino phenanthrene (DCPP) in condensed phase. We show that for DCDPP there appear AIE for all the temperature, because the phenyl ring torsional motions in gas phase can efficiently dissipate the electronic excited state energy, and get hindered in aggregate; while for its "locked"-phenyl counterpart, DCPP, theoretical calculation can only give the normal aggregation quenching. These first-principles based findings are consistent with recent experiment. The primary origin of the exotic AIE phenomena is due to the nonradiative decay effects. This is the first time that AIE is understood based on theoretical chemistry calculations for aggregates, which helps to resolve the present disputes over the mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu Q, Peng Q, Niu Y, Gao X, Shuai Z. Theoretical Insights into the Aggregation-Induced Emission by Hydrogen Bonding: A QM/MM Study. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:3881-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3002367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory
of Organic
OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Solids,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingli Niu
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Solids,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory
of Organic
OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory
of Organic
OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s
Republic of China
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Solids,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Saroj MK, Sharma N, Rastogi RC. Photophysical study of some 3-benzoylmethyleneindol-2-ones and estimation of ground and excited states dipole moments from solvatochromic methods using solvent polarity parameters. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
32
|
Kuz’mina LG, Sitin AG, Gulakova EN, Fedorova OA, Lermontova EK, Churakov AV. Molecular structures and crystal packings of 2-styrylquinoxaline derivatives. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774511050166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
33
|
Intermolecular CH⋯O hydrogen bonds in formyl-substituted diphenylhexatriene, a [2+2] photoreactive organic solid: Crystal structure and IR, NMR spectroscopic evidence. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
34
|
Saroj MK, Sharma N, Rastogi RC. Solvent Effect Profiles of Absorbance and Fluorescence Spectra of Some Indole Based Chalcones. J Fluoresc 2011; 21:2213-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Deng C, Niu Y, Peng Q, Qin A, Shuai Z, Tang BZ. Theoretical study of radiative and non-radiative decay processes in pyrazine derivatives. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:014304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3606579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Solid-state [2+2] photodimerization and photopolymerization of α,ω-diarylpolyene monomers: effective utilization of noncovalent intermolecular interactions in crystals. Molecules 2010; 16:119-48. [PMID: 21189460 PMCID: PMC6259161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
[2+2] Photocycloaddition of olefins is a very useful reaction in synthetic organic chemistry to obtain cyclobutane-containing molecules, which are almost inaccessible by other methods. The reaction, when performed in the crystalline state, occurs more efficiently and selectively than in homogeneous solution due to tight and regular molecular arrangement in the crystal state. Despite numerous examples for the solid-state [2+2] photodimerization of monoenes, however, it is still a challenge to prepare not only dimers but also higher oligomers and polymers from conjugated polyenes, which have multiple reactive double bonds in a molecule. In our recent studies of the solid-state photoreactions of α,ω-diarylpolyenes, noncovalent intermolecular interactions in crystals were effectively utilized to prealign molecules in stacking arrangements, suitable for the [2+2] reaction. With appropriate ring-substituents, [2+2] photodimerization and photopolymerization of the polyenes took place, although the degree of polymerization was relatively low. This review will describe the details of these reactions.
Collapse
|