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Zhang S, Weng Z, Wang Z, Wang B, Zeng Y, Li J, Hu C. Attenuation of alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage by ginsenoside Rg1 evaluated using atomic force microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1037-1046. [PMID: 37382340 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is an important cause of death worldwide. Hepatocyte apoptosis is commonly observed in alcoholic liver disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1), an organic component of ginseng, on the alcohol-induced morphological and biophysical properties of hepatocytes. Human hepatocytes (HL-7702) were treated in vitro with alcohol and G-Rg1. The cell morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Cell height, roughness, adhesion, and elastic modulus were detected using atomic force microscopy. We found that alcohol significantly induced hepatocyte apoptosis, whereas G-Rg1 attenuated the alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that alcohol-induced significant morphological changes in hepatocytes, including decreased cell contraction, roundness, and pseudopods, whereas G-Rg1 inhibited these negative changes. Atomic force microscopy revealed that alcohol increased the cell height and decreased the adhesion and elastic modulus of hepatocytes. Following treatment with G-Rg1, the cell height, adhesion, and elastic modulus of alcohol-injured hepatocytes were all similar to those of normal cells. Thus, G-Rg1 can attenuate the alcohol-induced damage to hepatocytes by modulating the morphology and biomechanics of the cells. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In this study, the morphological characteristics of hepatocytes were observed using SEM. The changes in hepatocyte three-dimensional images and biomechanical action caused by alcohol and G-Rg1 were examined at the nanoscale using AFM under near-physiological conditions. Alcohol-induced hepatocytes showed abnormal morphology and biophysical properties. G-Rg1 attenuated the alcohol-induced damage to hepatocytes by modulating the morphology and biomechanics of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Zhang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zhankun Weng
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Bowei Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Jiani Li
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Cuihua Hu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
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2
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Liu J, Fan S, Xiang Y, Xia J, Jin H, Xu JF, Yang F, Cai J, Pi J. Nanoscale Features of Gambogic Acid Induced ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in Esophageal Cancer Cells Imaged by Atomic Force Microscopy. SCANNING 2022; 2022:1422185. [PMID: 35937670 PMCID: PMC9337977 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1422185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA), a kind of polyprenylated xanthone derived from Garcinia hanburyi tree, has showed spectrum anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo with low toxicity. However, up to now, there is little information about the effects of GA on esophageal cancer. In this study, we aim to test the anticancer effects of GA on esophageal cancer EC9706 cells. We established a nanoscale imaging method based on AFM to evaluate the reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) mediated anticancer effects of GA on esophageal cancer regarding the morphological and ultrastructural changes of esophageal cancer cells. The obtained results demonstrated that GA could inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, induce cell cycle arrest, and induce mitochondria membrane potential disruption in a ROS-dependent way. And using AFM imaging, we also found that GA could induce the damage of cellular morphology and increase of membrane height distribution and membrane roughness in EC9706 cells, which could be reversed by the removal of GA-induced excessive intracellular ROS. Our results not only demonstrated the anticancer effects of GA on EC9706 cells in ROS-dependent mechanism but also strongly suggested AFM as a powerful tool for the detection of ROS-mediated cancer cell apoptosis on the basis of imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yinhong Xiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xia
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun-fa Xu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Liu L, Dharmadhikari S, Shontz KM, Tan ZH, Spector BM, Stephens B, Bergman M, Manning A, Zhao K, Reynolds SD, Breuer CK, Chiang T. Regeneration of partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds in a mouse model of orthotopic tracheal replacement. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211017417. [PMID: 34164107 PMCID: PMC8188978 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211017417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized tracheal scaffolds offer a potential solution for the repair of long-segment tracheal defects. However, complete decellularization of trachea is complicated by tracheal collapse. We created a partially decellularized tracheal scaffold (DTS) and characterized regeneration in a mouse model of tracheal transplantation. All cell populations except chondrocytes were eliminated from DTS. DTS maintained graft integrity as well as its predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We then assessed the performance of DTS in vivo. Grafts formed a functional epithelium by study endpoint (28 days). While initial chondrocyte viability was low, this was found to improve in vivo. We then used atomic force microscopy to quantify micromechanical properties of DTS, demonstrating that orthotopic implantation and graft regeneration lead to the restoration of native tracheal rigidity. We conclude that DTS preserves the cartilage ECM, supports neo-epithelialization, endothelialization and chondrocyte viability, and can serve as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumei Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sayali Dharmadhikari
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly M Shontz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zheng Hong Tan
- Collage of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Barak M Spector
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brooke Stephens
- Collage of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maxwell Bergman
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amy Manning
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Susan D Reynolds
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher K Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tendy Chiang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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Changhong K, Peng Y, Yuan Z, Cai J. Ginsenoside Rb1 protected PC12 cells from Aβ 25-35-induced cytotoxicity via PPARγ activation and cholesterol reduction. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173835. [PMID: 33359145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences suggest that amyloid β (Aβ)-peptide plays a key role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through aggregation and deposition into plaques in neuronal cells. Membrane components such as cholesterol and gangliosides not only enhance the production of amyloidogenic Aβ fragments, but also appear to strengthen Aβ-membrane interaction. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) is a major active component of Panax, which is widely used to improve learning and memory. In the present study, whether ginsenoside Rb1 could protect pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) from Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity including inhibiting cell growth, inducing apoptosis, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), destroying the cytoskeleton and bringing about membrane toxicity was investigated. Our results indicated that ginsenoside Rb1 could serve as an agonist of peroxisom proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and reduce the level of cholesterol in AD model cells. Reduction of the Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity by lowering cholesterol was evidenced by reduction of ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and protection of cytoskeleton and membrane surface rigidity. Most importantly, the viability of PC12 cells increased from 50.42 ± 5.51% for the AD group to 102.72 ± 4.34% for the 50 μM ginsenoside Rb1 group with cholesterol reduction. Our results suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 might function as an effective candidate to promote reverse cholesterol transport and lower ROS production, therefore providing a new insight into prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Changhong
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; YZ Health-tech Inc., Hengqin District, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yuan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 51006, China.
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Zhao C, Hou X, Peng Z, Sun X, Li E, Yang H, Lu Y, Zhu L. Estrogen Receptor alpha depletion affects the biomechanical properties and cytoskeleton rearrangements in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30296-5. [PMID: 32081423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) affects the morphology of tumors, which is closely related to the biomechanical properties and the cytoskeletal proteins. In recent years, researchers have found that biomechanical properties and cytoskeletal proteins are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors and that biomechanical properties can be used as markers for tumor development and drug resistance. The relationship between ERα expression status and biomechanical properties, cytoskeletal proteins is not known. In this study, we found that tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/TamR) altered cell morphology and lacked of ERα expression during the process of the Tamoxifen resistance induction. To determine whether this change was influenced by ERα expression, we transiently constructed another ERα depleted model with ERα siRNA (MCF-7/ERα siRNA) and used atomic force microscope (AFM) to detect morphological and biophysical changes. The results indicated that the roughness and Young's modulus of ERα expression depleted cells were significantly increased, accompanied by rearrangement of the cytoskeletal proteins (F-actin, FLNA, α-tubulin) and the cytoskeletal regulatory protein Rho (Rac1, CDC42) decreased. Our results have demonstrated that ERα depletion affects the biomechanical properties of breast cancer cells, which are related to cytoskeletal protein rearrangement and Rho protein decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiuying Hou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zihan Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaoxue Sun
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Enze Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Department of Pathology, Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Linyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Elkhatib E, Mahdy A, Mahmoud A, Moharem M. Efficient removal of Cd (II) from contaminated water and soils using nanoparticles from nitrogen fertilizer industry waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2019; 17:1153-1161. [PMID: 32030181 PMCID: PMC6985377 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-019-00429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is used extencively in many industries and can cause environmenal pollution and severe damage to human health. As millions of tons of lime-based solid by-product from nitrogen fertilizer industry (NFIB) are produced each year, the main purpose of this study was to develop a novel, efficient and cheap nanoscale sorbent from NFIB for remediation of Cd (II) contaminated soil and water to protect and preserve public and ecosystem health. METHODS A novel nanoscale adsorbent was developed from the nitrogen fertilizer industry byproduct (NFIB) and was characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch sorption equilibrium and kinetic experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of nano- NFIB (nNFIB) in sequestering Cd(II) in contaminated soil and water. RESULTS The results of adorption equilibrium and kinetics experiments revealed that Langmuir and power function models best described Cd adsorption on bulk NFIB and nNFIB as evidenced by high R2(determination coefficient) and low SE(standard error of estimates) values. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity (q푞max) of nNFIB for Cd(II) was 100 mg g-1 which is twenty times higher than that of Bulk NFIB. The distinguishing features of NIFB nanoparticles involve efficient removal of Cd(II) from contaminated water (>90%) and enhancement of Cd (II) immobilization (146%) in cotaminated soil.Fourier Transmission Infrared (FTIR) spectra of Cd(II) contaminated water and soil before and after nNFIB application revealed the important rule of calcite nanoparticles in Cd(II) sequestration. CONCLUSIONS The accessibility, low cost, and Cd sequestration efficiency of nNFIB nominate it to be an economic and a promised adsorbent for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed Elkhatib
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mahdy
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545 Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Moharem
- Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
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Li X, Duan H, Liu Q, Umar M, Luo W, Yang X, Zhu J, Li M. Construction of a Pichia pastoris strain efficiently secreting irisin and assessment of its bioactivity in HepG2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:60-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Su Z, Sun H, Ao M, Zhao C. Atomic Force Microscopy Study of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Triptolide on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2017; 23:1002-1012. [PMID: 28743324 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927617012399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for the in situ evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to understand the anti-RA effects of triptolide, based on the morphological and biophysical changes observed in RA-FLS. RA-FLS have been reported to play a primary role in inflammatory bone destruction during the development of RA and thus are regarded as an important target for RA treatment. Triptolide pretreatment significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced expression of the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 genes in MH7A cells. Using AFM, we showed that triptolide-induced morphological damage in MH7A cells by inducing significant ultrastructure changes in the membrane, which were closely related to triptolide-induced apoptosis in MH7A cells. Using force measurements determined with AFM, triptolide was shown to increase the stiffness of MH7A cells. These findings not only revealed the strong anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide on RA-FLS, highlighting triptolide as a potential anti-RA agent, but also revealed the possible use of AFM for studying anti-inflammatory responses in RA-FLS, which we expect to be developed into a potential tool for anti-RA drug studies in RA-FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Han Sun
- Chengde Nursing Vocational College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Man Ao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Chunying Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
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The selective cytotoxicity of DSF-Cu attributes to the biomechanical properties and cytoskeleton rearrangements in the normal and cancerous nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 84:96-108. [PMID: 28111334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer initiation and progression follow complex changes of cellular architecture and biomechanical property. Cancer cells with more submissive (or "softer") than their healthy counterparts attributed to the reorganization of the complex cytoskeleton structure, may be considered as a potential anti-tumor therapeutic target. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was carried out to detect the topographical and biophysical changes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells and normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells NP69-SV40T by treating the Disulfiram chelated with Cu2+ (DSF-Cu). DSF-Cu induced the apoptotic population, ROS production and decreased the NF-κB-p65 expression of CNE-2Z cells, which was much higher than those of NP69-SV40T cells. DSF-Cu caused the obvious changes of cell morphology and membrane ultrastructure in CNE-2Z cells. The roughness decreased and stiffness increased significantly in CNE-2Z cells, which correlated with the rearrangement of intracellular F-actin, FLNa and α-tubulin structures in CNE-2Z cells. And the adhesion force of CNE-2Z cells was also increased accompanied with the increased E-cadherin expression. However, these results could not be observed in the NP69-SV40T cells even the concentration of DSF reached up to 400nM. Finally, the detection of cell wound scratch assay confirmed DSF-Cu could inhibit the migration of CNE-2Z cells, but no effect on NP69-SV40T cells. These findings demonstrated the selective cytotoxicity of DSF-Cu in CNE-2Z cells may attribute to the different mechanical properties and cytoskeleton rearrangement from the normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells.
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Kung ML, Hsieh CW, Tai MH, Weng CH, Wu DC, Wu WJ, Yeh BW, Hsieh SL, Kuo CH, Hung HS, Hsieh S. Nanoscale characterization illustrates the cisplatin-mediated biomechanical changes of B16-F10 melanoma cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7124-31. [PMID: 26886764 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07971c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cells reorganize their membrane biomechanical dynamics in response to environmental stimuli or inhibitors associated with their physiological/pathological processes, and disease therapeutics. To validate the biophysical dynamics during cell exposure to anti-cancer drugs, we investigate the nanoscale biological characterization in melanoma cells undergoing cisplatin treatment. Using atomic force microscopy, we demonstrate that the cellular morphology and membrane ultrastructure are altered after exposure to cisplatin. In contrast to their normal spindle-like shape, cisplatin causes cell deformation rendering cells flat and enlarged, which increases the cell area by 3-4 fold. Additionally, cisplatin decreases the topography height values for both the cytoplasmic and nuclear regions (by 40-80% and 60%, respectively). Furthermore, cisplatin increases the cytoplasmic root mean square roughness by 110-240% in correlation with the drug concentration and attenuates the nuclear RMS by 60%. Moreover, the cellular adhesion force was enhanced, while the Young's modulus elasticity was attenuated by ∼2 and ∼2.3 fold, respectively. F-actin phalloidin staining revealed that cisplatin enlarges the cell size through enhanced stress fiber formation and promotes cytoskeletal reorganization. Immunoblot analyses further revealed that the activities of focal adhesion proteins, such as FAK and c-Src, are upregulated by cisplatin through phosphorylation at tyrosine 397 and 530, respectively. Collectively, these results show that cisplatin-treated melanoma cells not only exhibit the upregulation of FAK-mediated signaling to enhance the cytoskeleton mechanical stretch, but also promote the cytoskeletal rearrangement resulting in 43% decrease in the cell modulus. These mechanisms thus promote the malignancy and invasiveness of the melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan and Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan and Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Weng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 80811, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan and Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shuchen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. and Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Huang X, Guo H, Wang C, Mu J, Zhang H, Liang Z, Cai J, Zhou C. Detection of CD28/CD86 co-stimulatory molecules and surface properties of T and dendritic cells: An AFM study. SCANNING 2016; 38:365-375. [PMID: 26507362 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the importance of B7/CD28 co-stimulation has been widely studied, little is known about their nano-spatial localization and their corresponding cells' biophysical and biomechanical properties. Here, we investigated the morphological, biophysical, and biomechanical properties of T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and force curves. The nano-spatial distribution of CD28 and CD86 antigen on T cells and DCs was detected by CD86 or CD28 antibody-functionalized AFM tip. Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS)-based force volumes and quantum dots (QDs)-based fluorescence imaging demonstrated that the co-stimulatory molecules were not randomly distributed over the cells' surface, but more than 80% of CD28 and CD86 molecules appeared to be expressed as 100-200 nm nanoclusters and polarize dominantly in the peak of the cell membrane fluctuations. AFM imaging and quantitative analysis showed that the roughness of mature DCs (mDCs) was higher than that of immature DCs (iDCs). The adhesion force distribution of iDCs and mDCs was heterogeneous while the elasticity distribution was homogeneous locally. In addition, mDCs had a fourfold increase of Young's modulus of iDCs, indicating the contribution of the actin cytoskeleton to the elastic properties of the cells. Taken together, the nano-cluster distribution of CD28 and CD86, the rough mDCs surface, the higher adhesion force and elasticity of mDCs may facilitate to the occurrence of B7/CD28 co-stimulation signals and the formation of immune synapse. These nanoscale findings provide new insights into the antigen-presenting function of DCs, the T cell activation and ultimate immune response. SCANNING 38:365-375, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Mu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Wang X, Wan D, Ihsan A, Liu Q, Cheng G, Li J, Liu Z, Yuan Z. Mechanism of adrenocortical toxicity induced by quinocetone and its bidesoxy-quinocetone metabolite in porcine adrenocortical cells in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 84:115-24. [PMID: 26296292 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Quinocetone (QCT) is a new feeding antibacterial agent in the QdNOs family. The mechanism of its adrenal toxicity is far from clear. This study was conducted to estimate the adrenal cell damage induced by QCT and its bidesoxy-quinocetone (B-QCT) metabolite and to further investigate their mechanisms. Following doses of QCT increasing from 5 to 50 μM, cell apoptosis and necrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance were observed in porcine adrenocortical cells. The mRNA levels of the six components of intermediary enzymes and the adrenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) displayed a dysregulation induced by QCT, indicating that QCT might influence aldosterone secretion not only through the upstream of the production but also through the downstream of the adrenal RAAS pathway. In contrast, B-QCT had few toxic effects on the cell apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance. Moreover, LCMS-IT-TOF analysis showed that no desoxy metabolites of QCT were found in either cell lysate or supernatant samples. In conclusion, we reported on the cytotoxicity in porcine adrenocortical cells exposed to QCT via oxidative stress, which raised awareness that its toxic effects resulted from N→O groups, and its toxic mechanism might involve the interference of the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, China
| | - Dan Wan
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Qianying Liu
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Guyue Cheng
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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13
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Yang F, Gong L, Jin H, Pi J, Bai H, Wang H, Cai H, Yang P, Cai J. Chrysin-organogermanium (IV) complex induced Colo205 cell apoptosis-associated mitochondrial function and anti-angiogenesis. SCANNING 2015; 37:246-257. [PMID: 25914235 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer, a kind of malignant cancer, has more than 1 million new patients and results in 0.5 million deaths every year globally based on the estimation of Globocan in 2008. One of the most important issues against colon cancer is tumor metastasis. Anti-angiogenesis, a form of targeted therapy uses drugs or other substances to prevent the new blood vessel formation, which is critical for tumor metastasis. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated a simple method to synthesize Chry-Ge complex through the reaction between chrysin and triphenylgermanium bromide. In this work, we investigated the mechanism of Chry-Ge induced Colo205 cell apoptosis. We found that Chry-Ge could induce apoptosis in Colo205 cells in mitochondrial-dependent pathway, cause the reorganization of cytoskeleton and induce the damage of nucleus in Colo205 cells. Besides, Chry-Ge was also found to induce membrane ultrastructural changes in Colo205 cells by AFM. Further, we found that Chry-Ge can inhibit tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cell in vitro. Chry-Ge was also tested in vivo in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and found to inhibit bFGF-treated CAMs development. These results suggested that Chry-Ge could induce Colo205 cell apoptosis by mitochondrial pathway and anti-angiogenesis, highlighting the use of organic germanium agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Yang
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Longcai Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Haihua Bai
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaihong Cai
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Mi Li, Lianqing Liu, Ning Xi, Yuechao Wang, Xiubin Xiao, Weijing Zhang. Quantitative Analysis of Drug-Induced Complement-Mediated Cytotoxic Effect on Single Tumor Cells Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2015; 14:84-94. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2014.2370759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Qi C, Huang JJ, Chen F, Wu J, Hao CN, Shi YQ, Duan JL, Zhu YJ. Synthesis, characterization and applications of calcium carbonate/fructose 1,6-bisphosphate composite nanospheres and carbonated hydroxyapatite porous nanospheres. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:8378-8389. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01342e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Pi J, Li T, Liu J, Su X, Wang R, Yang F, Bai H, Jin H, Cai J. Detection of lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages using atomic force microscope. Micron 2014; 65:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Lu P, Yao S, Cai J, Yang PH. Synthesis and synergetic anti-tumor activity evaluation of dihydroartemisinin-organogermanium(IV) compound. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5294-7. [PMID: 25304899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi-synthetic derivative of the herb artemisinin, has shown commendable bioactivity. In this paper, a novel dihydroartemisinin-organogermanium (DHA-Ge) compound was synthesized, characterized and its potential anti-tumor activity was evaluated by various methods. MTT results demonstrated that DHA-Ge could effectively inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells and showed their dose-dependent properties. The IC50 value of inhibition effect on HepG2 cells of DHA-Ge was 10.23 μg/ml which was lower than 39.44 μg/ml of DHA. Flow cytometric results suggested that DHA-Ge could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells and the apoptosis rate was 20.26% after 24h treatment with 56.8 μg/ml DHA-Ge concentration. Atomic force microscopy images showed that HepG2 cells were collapsed and the cell nucleus were fragmented after 24h treatment. All these results together showed that the DHA-Ge possessed desirable synergetic enhanced anti-tumor effects and could be developed as a suitable tumor therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuguang Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pei-hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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18
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Resveratrol protects chondrocytes from apoptosis via altering the ultrastructural and biomechanical properties: an AFM study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91611. [PMID: 24632762 PMCID: PMC3954736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease with high prevalence among older people, occurs from molecular or nanometer level and extends gradually to higher degrees of the ultrastructure of cartilage, finally resulting in irreversible structural and functional damages. This report aims to use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol (RV), a drug with good anti-inflammatory properties, on cellular morphology, membrane architecture, cytoskeleton, cell surface adhesion and stiffness at nanometer level in sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced apoptotic chondrocytes, a typical cellular OA model. CCK-8 assay showed that 100 μM RV significantly prevented SNP-induced cytotoxicity. AFM imaging and quantitative analysis showed that SNP potently induced chondrocytes changes including shrunk, round, lamellipodia contraction and decrease in adherent junctions among cells, as well as the destruction of biomechanics: 90% decrease in elasticity and 30% decrease in adhesion. In addition, confocal imaging analysis showed that SNP induced aggregation of the cytoskeleton and decrease in the expression of cytoskeletal proteins. More importantly, these SNP-induced damages to chondrocytes could be potently prevented by RV pretreatment. Interestingly, the biomechanical changes occurred before morphological changes could be clearly observed during SNP-induced apoptosis, indicating that the biomechanics of cellular membrane may be a more robust indicator of cell function. Collectively, our data demonstrate that RV prevents SNP-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes by regulating actin organization, and that AFM-based technology can be developed into a powerful and sensitive method to study the interaction mechanisms between chondrocytes and drugs.
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19
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Selenium nanoparticles induced membrane bio-mechanical property changes in MCF-7 cells by disturbing membrane molecules and F-actin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6296-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Jiang J, Jin H, Liu L, Pi J, Yang F, Cai J. Curcumin disturbed cell-cycle distribution of HepG2 cells via cytoskeletal arrangement. SCANNING 2013; 35:253-260. [PMID: 23070725 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to its extensive antitumor activity, curcumin has been focused on by more researchers. But, its antiproliferative mechanisms are still unknown. Here we studied the antiproliferative activity of curcumin in human liver cancer HepG2 cells. In order to analyze the cytotoxic activity and anticancer mechanisms of curcumin, we carried out cytotoxicity tests using 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The HepG2 cell cycle distribution and the expression of tubulin were detected by flow cytometry. Alterations in morphological and cytoskeletal properties of HepG2 cells were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Simultaneously, the effects of curcumin on the growth and proliferation of HepG2 cells were also assayed by MTT method. Cells were incubated with different doses of curcumin (0-80 μmol/l) for 24 h, the cell viability decreased from 91.10 ± 3.2% to 10.84 ± 4.0%, and the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50 ) was 23.15 ± 0.37 μmol/l. Moreover, flow cytometry quantitatively detected that curcumin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent accumulation of HepG2 cells in G2/M phase with concomitant losses from G0/G1 phase, so curcumin caused cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Furthermore, we discovered that curcumin was able to upregulate the expression of tubulin in HepG2 cells. In addition, AFM analysis including cell-membrane structure and cytoskeleton networks is helpful to explain the relationship between the changes of cells and external pharmacologic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Wang Z, Liu L, Wang Y, Xi N, Dong Z, Li M, Yuan S. A fully automated system for measuring cellular mechanical properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 17:443-8. [PMID: 23015516 DOI: 10.1177/2211068212460236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As a novel effective label-free biomarker, the mechanical properties of cells have become increasingly important. However, the current methods of mapping cellular mechanical properties are mostly carried out manually, resulting in measurements that are time-consuming with low efficiency. In this article, a fully automated system of measuring the mechanical properties of cells based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) is proposed. In this system, the cells are recognized using an image-processing method and the relative position of the cell, and the AFM tip is accurately calibrated by the local scan method, meaning that the mechanical properties of cells can be measured sequentially without performing the step of AFM imaging. In addition, with the implementation of the automation, the high-throughput measurement of cellular mechanical properties can be performed rapidly. The capability of our system is validated on Raji cells, and the results indicate that the measurement rate of our system is 26 times faster than that of the traditional manual method, providing the technology for high-throughput measurement of cellular mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
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22
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Jin H, Yang P, Cai J, Wang J, Liu M. Photothermal effects of folate-conjugated Au nanorods on HepG2 cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1199-208. [PMID: 22406860 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal cancer therapy, as a prospective approach for local cancer treatment, is attracting increasing interests. In this paper, gold nanorods were conjugated with folate (folate/AuNRs), and their photothermal effects on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) using MTT assay, flow cytometry, as well as on the cellular morphology, cytoskeleton, cell surface adhesion, and stiffness detected at subcellular level by an atomic force microscope (AFM) were investigated. The results indicated that near-infrared laser-induced hyperthermia of folate/AuNRs could break the cell membrane integrity and homeostasis and then lead to the depolymerization of cytoskeleton and influx of intracellular Ca(2+). Thus, folate/AuNRs can be as effective and promising nanomaterials for photothermal therapy of folate receptor bearing tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nano-chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Maciaszek JL, Lykotrafitis G. Sickle cell trait human erythrocytes are significantly stiffer than normal. J Biomech 2011; 44:657-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Imaging and measuring the rituximab-induced changes of mechanical properties in B-lymphoma cells using atomic force microscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 404:689-94. [PMID: 21156157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The topography and mechanical properties of single B-lymphoma cells have been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). With the assistance of microfabricated patterned pillars, the surface topography and ultrastructure of single living B-lymphoma cell were visualized by AFM. The apoptosis of B-lymphoma cells induced by rituximab alone was observed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double fluorescent staining. The rituximab-induced changes of mechanical properties in B-lymphoma cells were measured dynamically and the results showed that B-lymphoma cells became dramatically softer after incubation with rituximab. These results can improve our understanding of rituximab'effect and will facilitate the further investigation of the underlying mechanisms.
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