1
|
Pekkanen TT, Timonen RS, Ramu EA, Lendvay G, Eskola AJ. Temperature and Pressure Dependence of the Reaction between Ethyl Radical and Molecular Oxygen: Experiments and Master Equation Simulations. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1302-1313. [PMID: 36696672 PMCID: PMC9923755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have used laser-photolysis - photoionization mass-spectrometry to measure the rate coefficient for the reaction between ethyl radical and molecular oxygen as a function of temperature (190-801 K) and pressure (0.2-6 Torr) under pseudo-first-order conditions ([He] ≫ [O2] ≫ [C2H5•]). Multiple ethyl precursor, photolysis wavelength, reactor material, and coating combinations were used. We reinvestigated the temperature dependence of the title reaction's rate coefficient to resolve inconsistencies in existing data. The current results indicate that some literature values for the rate coefficient may indeed be slightly too large. The experimental work was complemented with master equation simulations. We used the current and some previous rate coefficient measurements to optimize the values of key parameters in the master equation model. After optimization, the model was able to reproduce experimental falloff curves and C2H4 + HO2• yields. We then used the model to perform simulations over wide temperature (200-1500 K) and pressure (10-4-102 bar) ranges and provide the results in PLOG format to facilitate their use in atmospheric and combustion models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timo T. Pekkanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio
1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raimo S. Timonen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio
1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elli A. Ramu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio
1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - György Lendvay
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural
Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Arkke J. Eskola
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio
1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheps L, Antonov I, Au K. Sensitive Mass Spectrometer for Time-Resolved Gas-Phase Chemistry Studies at High Pressures. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10804-10814. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Sheps
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Ivan Antonov
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Kendrew Au
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rhodes CJ. Radiolabelling Studies of Free Radicals Using Muonium (The Second Hydrogen Radioisotope). PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/007967400103165146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An overview is presented of the way various spectroscopic/radioisotopic-labelling methods (MuSR), in which free radicals are labelled with the light hydrogen radioisotope muonium, may be employed in the study of free radical reaction kinetics and dynamics. Specifically considered are: the reaction rates of thiyl radicals and related species in relation to biological membrane damage; the dynamics of radicals sorbed in solid catalysts and in activated carbons and other porous particulate materials of environmental significance; reacting gas-phase systems; mechanisms for the formation of muon (muonium) labelled radicals, and the study of radical stabilisation and reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Rhodes
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom St., Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandes RX, Luther K, Marowsky G, Rissanen MP, Timonen R, Troe J. Experimental and Modeling Study of the Temperature and Pressure Dependence of the Reaction C2H5 + O2 (+ M) → C2H5O2 (+ M). J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:7263-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511672v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi X. Fernandes
- Physikalische-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee
100, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Luther
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Marowsky
- Laser-Laboratorium Göttingen, Hans-Adolf-Krebs-Weg
1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matti P. Rissanen
- Department
of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raimo Timonen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jürgen Troe
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Laser-Laboratorium Göttingen, Hans-Adolf-Krebs-Weg
1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rhodes CJ. Muonium--the second radioisotope of hydrogen: a remarkable and unique radiotracer in the chemical, materials, biological and environmental sciences. Sci Prog 2012; 95:101-74. [PMID: 22893978 PMCID: PMC10365539 DOI: 10.3184/003685012x13336424471773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Muonium (Mu), may be regarded as a radioactive hydrogen atom with a positive muon as its nucleus, and is formed in a range of media which are irradiated with positive muons. This exotic atom can be considered as a second radioisotope of hydrogen, along with tritium. Addition of this light atom (with a mass 1/9th that of a normal hydrogen, protium, atom) to unsaturated organic molecules forms free radicals, in which the muon serves as a radioactive and magnetic probe of their kinetic and structural properties. Suitable examples are chosen to illustrate the very large functionality of organic radicals which have been measured using muons and various methods of muSR, where mu stands for muon, S for spin and R may refer to rotation, resonance or relaxation. The principal techniques illustrated are transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF-muSR), avoided level crossing muon spin resonance (ALC-muSR) and longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation (LF-muSRx). Structural studies of radicals, the determination of mechanisms for radical formation, the measurement of radical stabilisation energies, the determination of the kinetics of reactions of free muonium atoms and of free radicals have all been accomplished using TF-muSR methods. It is further shown that TF-muSR is most useful in measuring radical reaction rates in non-aqueous media, to provide information of relevance to cell membrane damage and repair Muonium may further be used as a mechanistic probe since it determines a true pattern of H-atom reactivity in molecules, against which results from similar radiolysed materials may be compared. [In many solid materials that are exposed to ionising radiation, apparent H-atom adduct radicals are detected but which originate from charge-neutralisation of positive holes (radical cations) and ejected electrons, without free H-atoms being formed. DNA is the superlative example of this. Free H-atoms normally feature in the province of radiolysed aqueous media]. The applications of ALC-muSR and LF-muSRx in studying the reorientation of reactive radicals on reactive surfaces forms the substantive proportion of the review: considered specifically are radicals sorbed in zeolites, in clays and in porous silica, in porous carbons and on ice-surfaces, in connection with their role as intermediates in catalytic systems, particularly hydrocarbon cracking and oxidation processes, and in atmospheric aerosol chemistry. The formation of muonium and other muon species in cation-exchanged zeolite-X samples are also considered, according to the evidence of longitudinal field repolarisation measurements. Finally, mention is given of the use of muSR techniques for studying radicals in the gas-phase.
Collapse
|
6
|
Villano SM, Huynh LK, Carstensen HH, Dean AM. High-Pressure Rate Rules for Alkyl + O2 Reactions. 1. The Dissociation, Concerted Elimination, and Isomerization Channels of the Alkyl Peroxy Radical. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:13425-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2079204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Villano
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Lam K. Huynh
- International University, Vietnam National University − HCMC and Institute for Computational Science and Technology at HCMC, Vietnam
| | - Hans-Heinrich Carstensen
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Anthony M. Dean
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dilger H, Stolmár M, Tregenna-Piggott PL, Roduner E, Reid ID. Gas phase addition kinetics of the tert-butyl radical to oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19971010610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
8
|
McKenzie I, Roduner E. Using polarized muons as ultrasensitive spin labels in free radical chemistry. Naturwissenschaften 2009; 96:873-87. [PMID: 19440685 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-009-0538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain McKenzie
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Leitich J, Heise I, Angermund K, Rust J. The Thermal [2+2] Cyclodimerisation of (E,Z)-Cycloocta-1,3-diene Revisited − Chemical Trapping and Properties of the Intermediate 1,4-Diradicals. European J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200206)2002:11<1803::aid-ejoc1803>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly L Buchachenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432 Russia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rienstra-Kiracofe JC, Allen WD, Schaefer HF. The C2H5 + O2 Reaction Mechanism: High-Level ab Initio Characterizations. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001041k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wesley D. Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Himmer U, Dilger H, Roduner E, Pan JJ, Arseneau DJ, Fleming DG, Senba M. Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Gas-Phase Reaction of Muonium with Molecular Oxygen. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984422v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Masayoshi Senba
- Department of Physics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 3J5
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dilger H, Stolmár M, Himmer U, Roduner E, Reid ID. Kinetics of the Gas-Phase Addition of the Ethyl Radical and the tert-Butyl Radical to NO. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Dilger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martina Stolmár
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrich Himmer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Emil Roduner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ivan D. Reid
- Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pan JJ, Arseneau DJ, Senba M, Shelly M, Fleming DG. Reaction Kinetics of Muonium with N2O in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp971677k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Pan
- TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Donald J. Arseneau
- TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Masayoshi Senba
- TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Mee Shelly
- TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3
| | - Donald G. Fleming
- TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A3
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fleming DG, Pan JJ, Senba M, Arseneau DJ, Kiefl RF, Shelley MY, Cox SFJ, Percival PW, Brodovitch J. Spin relaxation of muonium‐substituted ethyl radicals (MuCH2ĊH2) in the gas phase. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|