1
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Xiang TF, Liu Z, Zheng T, Yang L, Tamiaki H, Sasaki SI, Li A, Wang XF. Coherent Charge Transfer Reveals a Different Theoretical Limit of Power Conversion Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:9335-9341. [PMID: 39236264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The hopping charge transfer (CT) theory is used to explain the dynamics of traditional donor-acceptor (D-A) devices in organic solar cells (OSCs). But it is not applicable to the unconventional OSCs inspired by photosynthesis, referred to as Z-devices. In this study, we establish a universal heterojunction CT model in OSCs, based on the reported coherent CT in photosynthesis. Compared to the trade-off between energy loss and charge generation efficiency in the D-A device, we analyze its change in the Z-device. We introduce the "avalanche-like" CT of the Z-device induced by many-body Coulomb interaction and relevant experimental support. Combining with the Shockley-Queisser theory, we evaluate the theory limit power conversion efficiency of a D-A device and a Z-device. The Z-device has the potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit of 33%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Fu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tianfang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 5260829, Japan
| | - Aijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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2
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Choudhury A, Santra S, Ghosh D. Understanding the Photoprocesses in Biological Systems: Need for Accurate Multireference Treatment. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4951-4964. [PMID: 38864715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Light-matter interaction is crucial to life itself and revolves around many of the central processes in biology. The need for understanding these photochemical and photophysical processes cannot be overemphasized. Interaction of light with biological systems starts with the absorption of light and subsequent phenomena that occur in the excited states of the system. However, excited states are typically difficult to understand within the mean field approximation of quantum chemical methods. Therefore, suitable multireference methods and methodologies have been developed to understand these phenomena. In this Perspective, we will describe a few methods and methodologies suitable for these descriptions and discuss some persisting difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Choudhury
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Supriyo Santra
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Debashree Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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3
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Pepe L, Pouthier V, Yalouz S. Optimized excitonic transport mediated by local energy defects: Survival of optimization laws in the presence of dephasing. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:014303. [PMID: 38366455 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.014303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In an extended star with peripheral defects and a core occupied by a trap, it has been shown that exciton-mediated energy transport from the periphery to the core can be optimized [S. Yalouz et al., Phys. Rev. E 106, 064313 (2022)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.106.064313]. If the defects are judiciously chosen, then the exciton dynamics is isomorphic to that of an asymmetric chain and a speedup of the excitonic propagation is observed. Here we extend this previous work by considering that the exciton in both an extended star and an asymmetric chain is perturbed by the presence of a dephasing environment. Simulating the dynamics using a Lindblad master equation, two questions are addressed: How does the environment affect the energy transport on these two networks? and Do the two systems still behave equivalently in the presence of dephasing? Our results reveal that the timescale for the exciton dynamics strongly depends on the nature of the network. But quite surprisingly, the two networks behave similarly regarding the survival of their optimization law. In both cases, the energy transport can be improved using the same original optimal tuning of energy defects as long as the dephasing remains weak. However, for moderate or strong dephasing, the optimization law is lost due to quantum Zeno effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Pepe
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Pouthier
- Institut UTINAM, Université de Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6213, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Saad Yalouz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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4
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Pedram A, Çakmak B, Müstecaplıoğlu ÖE. Environment-Assisted Modulation of Heat Flux in a Bio-Inspired System Based on Collision Model. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1162. [PMID: 36010826 PMCID: PMC9407596 DOI: 10.3390/e24081162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high energy transfer efficiency of photosynthetic complexes has been a topic of research across many disciplines. Several attempts have been made in order to explain this energy transfer enhancement in terms of quantum mechanical resources such as energetic and vibration coherence and constructive effects of environmental noise. The developments in this line of research have inspired various biomimetic works aiming to use the underlying mechanisms in biological light harvesting complexes for the improvement of synthetic systems. In this article, we explore the effect of an auxiliary hierarchically structured environment interacting with a system on the steady-state heat transport across the system. The cold and hot baths are modeled by a series of identically prepared qubits in their respective thermal states, and we use a collision model to simulate the open quantum dynamics of the system. We investigate the effects of system-environment, inter-environment couplings and coherence of the structured environment on the steady state heat flux and find that such a coupling enhances the energy transfer. Our calculations reveal that there exists a non-monotonic and non-trivial relationship between the steady-state heat flux and the mentioned parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pedram
- Department of Physics, Koç University, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Barış Çakmak
- College of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Beşiktaş, Istanbul 34353, Türkiye
| | - Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu
- Department of Physics, Koç University, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
- TÜBİTAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, Gebze 41470, Türkiye
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5
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Biswas S, Kim J, Zhang X, Scholes GD. Coherent Two-Dimensional and Broadband Electronic Spectroscopies. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4257-4321. [PMID: 35037757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, coherent broadband spectroscopy has been widely used to improve our understanding of ultrafast processes (e.g., photoinduced electron transfer, proton transfer, and proton-coupled electron transfer reactions) at femtosecond resolution. The advances in femtosecond laser technology along with the development of nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy enabled further insights into ultrafast energy transfer and carrier relaxation processes in complex biological and material systems. New discoveries and interpretations have led to improved design principles for optimizing the photophysical properties of various artificial systems. In this review, we first provide a detailed theoretical framework of both coherent broadband and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES). We then discuss a selection of experimental approaches and considerations of 2DES along with best practices for data processing and analysis. Finally, we review several examples where coherent broadband and 2DES were employed to reveal mechanisms of photoinitiated ultrafast processes in molecular, biological, and material systems. We end the review with a brief perspective on the future of the experimental techniques themselves and their potential to answer an even greater range of scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - JunWoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - Xinzi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
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6
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Higgins JS, Allodi MA, Lloyd LT, Otto JP, Sohail SH, Saer RG, Wood RE, Massey SC, Ting PC, Blankenship RE, Engel GS. Redox conditions correlated with vibronic coupling modulate quantum beats in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2112817118. [PMID: 34845027 PMCID: PMC8670468 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112817118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum coherences, observed as time-dependent beats in ultrafast spectroscopic experiments, arise when light-matter interactions prepare systems in superpositions of states with differing energy and fixed phase across the ensemble. Such coherences have been observed in photosynthetic systems following ultrafast laser excitation, but what these coherences imply about the underlying energy transfer dynamics remains subject to debate. Recent work showed that redox conditions tune vibronic coupling in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex in green sulfur bacteria, raising the question of whether redox conditions may also affect the long-lived (>100 fs) quantum coherences observed in this complex. In this work, we perform ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy measurements on the FMO complex under both oxidizing and reducing conditions. We observe that many excited-state coherences are exclusively present in reducing conditions and are absent or attenuated in oxidizing conditions. Reducing conditions mimic the natural conditions of the complex more closely. Further, the presence of these coherences correlates with the vibronic coupling that produces faster, more efficient energy transfer through the complex under reducing conditions. The growth of coherences across the waiting time and the number of beating frequencies across hundreds of wavenumbers in the power spectra suggest that the beats are excited-state coherences with a mostly vibrational character whose phase relationship is maintained through the energy transfer process. Our results suggest that excitonic energy transfer proceeds through a coherent mechanism in this complex and that the coherences may provide a tool to disentangle coherent relaxation from energy transfer driven by stochastic environmental fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Marco A Allodi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Lawson T Lloyd
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - John P Otto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Sara H Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Rafael G Saer
- The Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Ryan E Wood
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Sara C Massey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Po-Chieh Ting
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- The Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Gregory S Engel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637;
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637
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7
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Wang H, Liu W, He X, Zhang P, Zhang X, Xie Y. An Excitonic Perspective on Low-Dimensional Semiconductors for Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14007-14022. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xin He
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
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8
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Ma F, Romero E, Jones MR, Novoderezhkin VI, van Grondelle R. Both electronic and vibrational coherences are involved in primary electron transfer in bacterial reaction center. Nat Commun 2019; 10:933. [PMID: 30804346 PMCID: PMC6389996 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism behind the near-unity efficiency of primary electron transfer in reaction centers is essential for designing performance-enhanced artificial solar conversion systems to fulfill mankind’s growing demands for energy. One of the most important challenges is distinguishing electronic and vibrational coherence and establishing their respective roles during charge separation. In this work we apply two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to three structurally-modified reaction centers from the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides with different primary electron transfer rates. By comparing dynamics and quantum beats, we reveal that an electronic coherence with dephasing lifetime of ~190 fs connects the initial excited state, P*, and the charge-transfer intermediate \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{A}}^ + {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{B}}^ -$$\end{document}PA+PB-; this \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\mathrm{P}}^ \ast \to {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{A}}^ + {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{B}}^ -$$\end{document}P*→PA+PB- step is associated with a long-lived quasi-resonant vibrational coherence; and another vibrational coherence is associated with stabilizing the primary photoproduct, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\mathrm{P}}^ + {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{A}}^ -$$\end{document}P+BA-. The results show that both electronic and vibrational coherences are involved in primary electron transfer process and they correlate with the super-high efficiency. Distinguishing electronic and vibrational coherences helps to clarify the near-unity efficiency of primary electron transfer in reaction centres. Here, the authors report their respective correlation with the electron transfer rate by comparing the 2D electronic spectra of three mutant reaction centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elisabet Romero
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Vladimir I Novoderezhkin
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Schreck MH, Breitschwerdt L, Marciniak H, Holzapfel M, Schmidt D, Würthner F, Lambert C. fs–ps Exciton dynamics in a stretched tetraphenylsquaraine polymer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15346-15355. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A squaraine polymer shows surprisingly fast light induced energy transfer between two different structural sections on the ps/fs time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian H. Schreck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Lena Breitschwerdt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Henning Marciniak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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10
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Jumper CC, Rafiq S, Wang S, Scholes GD. From coherent to vibronic light harvesting in photosynthesis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 47:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Jang SJ. Robust and Fragile Quantum Effects in the Transfer Kinetics of Delocalized Excitons between B850 Units of LH2 Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6576-6583. [PMID: 30383380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aggregates of light harvesting 2 (LH2) complexes form the major exciton-relaying domain in the photosynthetic unit of purple bacteria. Application of a generalized master equation to pairs of the B850 units of LH2 complexes, where excitons predominantly reside, provides quantitative information on how the inter-LH2 exciton transfer depends on the distance, relative rotational angle, and the relative energies of the two LH2s. The distance dependence demonstrates significant enhancement of the rate due to quantum delocalization of excitons, the qualitative nature of which remains robust against the disorder. The angle dependence reflects isotropic nature of exciton transfer, which remains similar for the ensemble of disorder. The variation of the rate on relative excitation energies of LH2 exhibits resonance peaks, which, however, is fragile as the disorder becomes significant. Overall, the average transfer times between two LH2s are estimated to be in the range of 4-25 ps for physically plausible inter-LH2 distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seogjoo J Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Queens College, City University of New York , 65-30 Kissena Boulevard , Queens , New York 11367 , United States
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12
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Häse F, Roch LM, Aspuru-Guzik A. Chimera: enabling hierarchy based multi-objective optimization for self-driving laboratories. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7642-7655. [PMID: 30393525 PMCID: PMC6182568 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02239a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding the ideal conditions satisfying multiple pre-defined targets simultaneously is a challenging decision-making process, which impacts science, engineering, and economics. Additional complexity arises for tasks involving experimentation or expensive computations, as the number of evaluated conditions must be kept low. We propose Chimera as a general purpose achievement scalarizing function for multi-target optimization where evaluations are the limiting factor. Chimera combines concepts of a priori scalarizing with lexicographic approaches and is applicable to any set of n unknown objectives. Importantly, it does not require detailed prior knowledge about individual objectives. The performance of Chimera is demonstrated on several well-established analytic multi-objective benchmark sets using different single-objective optimization algorithms. We further illustrate the applicability and performance of Chimera with two practical examples: (i) the auto-calibration of a virtual robotic sampling sequence for direct-injection, and (ii) the inverse-design of a four-pigment excitonic system for an efficient energy transport. The results indicate that Chimera enables a wide class of optimization algorithms to rapidly find ideal conditions. Additionally, the presented applications highlight the interpretability of Chimera to corroborate design choices for tailoring system parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Häse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , USA . ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
| | - Loïc M Roch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , USA . ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , USA . ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Computer Science , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S3H6 , Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence , Toronto , Ontario M5S1M1 , Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Senior Fellow , Toronto , Ontario M5S1M1 , Canada
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13
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Tscherbul TV, Brumer P. Non-equilibrium stationary coherences in photosynthetic energy transfer under weak-field incoherent illumination. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:124114. [PMID: 29604847 DOI: 10.1063/1.5028121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of the quantum dynamics of energy transfer in a model photosynthetic dimer excited by incoherent light and show that the interplay between incoherent pumping and phonon-induced relaxation, dephasing, and trapping leads to the emergence of non-equilibrium stationary states characterized by substantial stationary coherences in the energy basis. We obtain analytic expressions for these coherences in the limits of rapid dephasing of electronic excitations and of small excitonic coupling between the chromophores. The stationary coherences are maximized in the regime where the excitonic coupling is small compared to the trapping rate. We further show that the non-equilibrium coherences anti-correlate with the energy transfer efficiency in the regime of localized coupling to the reaction center and that no correlation exists under delocalized (Förster) trapping conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur V Tscherbul
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Paul Brumer
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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14
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Zhang Y, Celardo GL, Borgonovi F, Kaplan L. Optimal dephasing for ballistic energy transfer in disordered linear chains. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:052103. [PMID: 29347695 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.052103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study the interplay between dephasing, disorder, and coupling to a sink on transport efficiency in a one-dimensional chain of finite length N, and in particular the beneficial or detrimental effect of dephasing on transport. The excitation moves along the chain by coherent nearest-neighbor hopping Ω, under the action of static disorder W and dephasing γ. The last site is coupled to an external acceptor system (sink), where the excitation can be trapped with a rate Γ_{trap}. While it is known that dephasing can help transport in the localized regime, here we show that dephasing can enhance energy transfer even in the ballistic regime. Specifically, in the localized regime we recover previous results, where the optimal dephasing is independent of the chain length and proportional to W or W^{2}/Ω. In the ballistic regime, the optimal dephasing decreases as 1/N or 1/sqrt[N], respectively, for weak and moderate static disorder. When focusing on the excitation starting at the beginning of the chain, dephasing can help excitation transfer only above a critical value of disorder W^{cr}, which strongly depends on the sink coupling strength Γ_{trap}. Analytic solutions are obtained for short chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - G Luca Celardo
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Fausto Borgonovi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lev Kaplan
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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15
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Rozzi CA, Troiani F, Tavernelli I. Quantum modeling of ultrafast photoinduced charge separation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:013002. [PMID: 29047450 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenomena involving electron transfer are ubiquitous in nature, photosynthesis and enzymes or protein activity being prominent examples. Their deep understanding thus represents a mandatory scientific goal. Moreover, controlling the separation of photogenerated charges is a crucial prerequisite in many applicative contexts, including quantum electronics, photo-electrochemical water splitting, photocatalytic dye degradation, and energy conversion. In particular, photoinduced charge separation is the pivotal step driving the storage of sun light into electrical or chemical energy. If properly mastered, these processes may also allow us to achieve a better command of information storage at the nanoscale, as required for the development of molecular electronics, optical switching, or quantum technologies, amongst others. In this Topical Review we survey recent progress in the understanding of ultrafast charge separation from photoexcited states. We report the state-of-the-art of the observation and theoretical description of charge separation phenomena in the ultrafast regime mainly focusing on molecular- and nano-sized solar energy conversion systems. In particular, we examine different proposed mechanisms driving ultrafast charge dynamics, with particular regard to the role of quantum coherence and electron-nuclear coupling, and link experimental observations to theoretical approaches based either on model Hamiltonians or on first principles simulations.
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16
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Häse F, Kreisbeck C, Aspuru-Guzik A. Machine learning for quantum dynamics: deep learning of excitation energy transfer properties. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8419-8426. [PMID: 29619189 PMCID: PMC5863613 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03542j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between the structure of light-harvesting systems and their excitation energy transfer properties is of fundamental importance in many applications including the development of next generation photovoltaics. Natural light harvesting in photosynthesis shows remarkable excitation energy transfer properties, which suggests that pigment-protein complexes could serve as blueprints for the design of nature inspired devices. Mechanistic insights into energy transport dynamics can be gained by leveraging numerically involved propagation schemes such as the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM). Solving these equations, however, is computationally costly due to the adverse scaling with the number of pigments. Therefore virtual high-throughput screening, which has become a powerful tool in material discovery, is less readily applicable for the search of novel excitonic devices. We propose the use of artificial neural networks to bypass the computational limitations of established techniques for exploring the structure-dynamics relation in excitonic systems. Once trained, our neural networks reduce computational costs by several orders of magnitudes. Our predicted transfer times and transfer efficiencies exhibit similar or even higher accuracies than frequently used approximate methods such as secular Redfield theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Häse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , 02138 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
| | - Christoph Kreisbeck
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , 02138 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , 02138 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-617-384-8188
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17
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Zhang Y, Celardo GL, Borgonovi F, Kaplan L. Opening-assisted coherent transport in the semiclassical regime. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:022122. [PMID: 28297933 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.022122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We study quantum enhancement of transport in open systems in the presence of disorder and dephasing. Quantum coherence effects may significantly enhance transport in open systems even in the semiclassical regime (where the decoherence rate is greater than the intersite hopping amplitude), as long as the disorder is sufficiently strong. When the strengths of disorder and dephasing are fixed, there is an optimal opening strength at which the coherent transport enhancement is optimized. Analytic results are obtained in two simple paradigmatic tight-binding models of large systems: the linear chain and the fully connected network. The physical behavior is also reflected in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) photosynthetic complex, which may be viewed as intermediate between these paradigmatic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - G Luca Celardo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Fausto Borgonovi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lev Kaplan
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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18
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Tao MJ, Ai Q, Deng FG, Cheng YC. Proposal for probing energy transfer pathway by single-molecule pump-dump experiment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27535. [PMID: 27277702 PMCID: PMC4899753 DOI: 10.1038/srep27535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) light-harvesting complex had long been recognized as containing seven bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules. Recently, an additional BChl molecule was discovered in the crystal structure of the FMO complex, which may serve as a link between baseplate and the remaining seven molecules. Here, we investigate excitation energy transfer (EET) process by simulating single-molecule pump-dump experiment in the eight-molecules complex. We adopt the coherent modified Redfield theory and non-Markovian quantum jump method to simulate EET dynamics. This scheme provides a practical approach of detecting the realistic EET pathway in BChl complexes with currently available experimental technology. And it may assist optimizing design of artificial light-harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Tao
- Department of Physics, Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Physics, Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Fu-Guo Deng
- Department of Physics, Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
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19
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Singh VP, Westberg M, Wang C, Dahlberg PD, Gellen T, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Engel GS. Towards quantification of vibronic coupling in photosynthetic antenna complexes. J Chem Phys 2016; 142:212446. [PMID: 26049466 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic antenna complexes harvest sunlight and efficiently transport energy to the reaction center where charge separation powers biochemical energy storage. The discovery of existence of long lived quantum coherence during energy transfer has sparked the discussion on the role of quantum coherence on the energy transfer efficiency. Early works assigned observed coherences to electronic states, and theoretical studies showed that electronic coherences could affect energy transfer efficiency--by either enhancing or suppressing transfer. However, the nature of coherences has been fiercely debated as coherences only report the energy gap between the states that generate coherence signals. Recent works have suggested that either the coherences observed in photosynthetic antenna complexes arise from vibrational wave packets on the ground state or, alternatively, coherences arise from mixed electronic and vibrational states. Understanding origin of coherences is important for designing molecules for efficient light harvesting. Here, we give a direct experimental observation from a mutant of LH2, which does not have B800 chromophores, to distinguish between electronic, vibrational, and vibronic coherence. We also present a minimal theoretical model to characterize the coherences both in the two limiting cases of purely vibrational and purely electronic coherence as well as in the intermediate, vibronic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Westberg
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - C Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - P D Dahlberg
- Graduate Program in the Biophysical Sciences, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - T Gellen
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A T Gardiner
- Department of Botany, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - R J Cogdell
- Department of Botany, Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - G S Engel
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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20
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Giusteri GG, Celardo GL, Borgonovi F. Optimal efficiency of quantum transport in a disordered trimer. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:032136. [PMID: 27078321 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.032136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Disordered quantum networks, such as those describing light-harvesting complexes, are often characterized by the presence of peripheral ringlike structures, where the excitation is initialized, and inner structures and reaction centers (RCs), where the excitation is trapped and transferred. The peripheral rings often display distinguished coherent features: Their eigenstates can be separated, with respect to the transfer of excitation, into two classes of superradiant and subradiant states. Both are important to optimize transfer efficiency. In the absence of disorder, superradiant states have an enhanced coupling strength to the RC, while the subradiant ones are basically decoupled from it. Static on-site disorder induces a coupling between subradiant and superradiant states, thus creating an indirect coupling to the RC. The problem of finding the optimal transfer conditions, as a function of both the RC energy and the disorder strength, is very complex even in the simplest network, namely, a three-level system. In this paper we analyze such trimeric structure, choosing as the initial condition an excitation on a subradiant state, rather than the more common choice of an excitation localized on a single site. We show that, while the optimal disorder is of the order of the superradiant coupling, the optimal detuning between the initial state and the RC energy strongly depends on system parameters: When the superradiant coupling is much larger than the energy gap between the superradiant and the subradiant levels, optimal transfer occurs if the RC energy is at resonance with the subradiant initial state, whereas we find an optimal RC energy at resonance with a virtual dressed state when the superradiant coupling is smaller than or comparable to the gap. The presence of dynamical noise, which induces dephasing and decoherence, affects the resonance structure of energy transfer producing an additional incoherent resonance peak, which corresponds to the RC energy being equal to the energy of the superradiant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio G Giusteri
- Mathematical Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - G Luca Celardo
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Borgonovi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica and Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Musei 41, I-25121 Brescia, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
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21
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Levi F, Mostarda S, Rao F, Mintert F. Quantum mechanics of excitation transport in photosynthetic complexes: a key issues review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:082001. [PMID: 26194028 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/8/082001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For a long time microscopic physical descriptions of biological processes have been based on quantum mechanical concepts and tools, and routinely employed by chemical physicists and quantum chemists. However, the last ten years have witnessed new developments on these studies from a different perspective, rooted in the framework of quantum information theory. The process that more, than others, has been subject of intense research is the transfer of excitation energy in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, a consequence of the unexpected experimental discovery of oscillating signals in such highly noisy systems. The fundamental interdisciplinary nature of this research makes it extremely fascinating, but can also constitute an obstacle to its advance. Here in this review our objective is to provide an essential summary of the progress made in the theoretical description of excitation energy dynamics in photosynthetic systems from a quantum mechanical perspective, with the goal of unifying the language employed by the different communities. This is initially realized through a stepwise presentation of the fundamental building blocks used to model excitation transfer, including protein dynamics and the theory of open quantum system. Afterwards, we shall review how these models have evolved as a consequence of experimental discoveries; this will lead us to present the numerical techniques that have been introduced to quantitatively describe photo-absorbed energy dynamics. Finally, we shall discuss which mechanisms have been proposed to explain the unusual coherent nature of excitation transport and what insights have been gathered so far on the potential functional role of such quantum features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Levi
- FRIAS, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert-Ludgwigs Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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22
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Gao M, Paul S, Schwieters CD, You ZQ, Shao H, Herbert JM, Parquette JR, Jaroniec CP. A Structural Model for a Self-Assembled Nanotube Provides Insight into Its Exciton Dynamics. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:13948-13956. [PMID: 26120375 PMCID: PMC4476570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b03398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of functional self-assembled nanostructures is frequently an empirical process fraught with critical knowledge gaps about atomic-level structure in these noncovalent systems. Here, we report a structural model for a semiconductor nanotube formed via the self-assembly of naphthalenediimide-lysine (NDI-Lys) building blocks determined using experimental 13C-13C and 13C-15N distance restraints from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance supplemented by electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction data. The structural model reveals a two-dimensional-crystal-like architecture of stacked monolayer rings each containing ∼50 NDI-Lys molecules, with significant π-stacking interactions occurring both within the confines of the ring and along the long axis of the tube. Excited-state delocalization and energy transfer are simulated for the nanotube based on time-dependent density functional theory and an incoherent hopping model. Remarkably, these calculations reveal efficient energy migration from the excitonic bright state, which is in agreement with the rapid energy transfer within NDI-Lys nanotubes observed previously using fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Subhradip Paul
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Charles D. Schwieters
- Division
of Computational Bioscience, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhi-Qiang You
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hui Shao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - John M. Herbert
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jon R. Parquette
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher P. Jaroniec
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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23
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Chen H, Bian H, Li J, Wen X, Zhang Q, Zhuang W, Zheng J. Vibrational Energy Transfer: An Angstrom Molecular Ruler in Studies of Ion Pairing and Clustering in Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4333-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512320a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Hongtao Bian
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Jiebo Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Xiewen Wen
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering and Food Safety, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junrong Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
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24
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Chen H, Zhang Q, Guo X, Wen X, Li J, Zhuang W, Zheng J. Nonresonant Energy Transfers Independent on the Phonon Densities in Polyatomic Liquids. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:669-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511651t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Institute
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Food Safety, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xunmin Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Xiewen Wen
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Jiebo Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Wei Zhuang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junrong Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
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25
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Steeger M, Griesbeck S, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Lambert C. On the relation of energy and electron transfer in multidimensional chromophores based on polychlorinated triphenylmethyl radicals and triarylamines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:11848-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05929h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores with many donors and acceptors show electron transfer which is identical to energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Steeger
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | | | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg, and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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26
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Kreisbeck C, Kramer T, Aspuru-Guzik A. Scalable High-Performance Algorithm for the Simulation of Exciton Dynamics. Application to the Light-Harvesting Complex II in the Presence of Resonant Vibrational Modes. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:4045-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500629s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kreisbeck
- Institut
für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr.
15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kramer
- Mads
Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford
Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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27
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Chen H, Wen X, Guo X, Zheng J. Intermolecular vibrational energy transfers in liquids and solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:13995-4014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resonant and nonresonant intermolecular vibrational energy transfers in liquids and solids are measured and elucidated using two competing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Rice University
- Houston, USA
| | - Xiewen Wen
- Department of Chemistry
- Rice University
- Houston, USA
| | - Xunmin Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Rice University
- Houston, USA
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28
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Mostarda S, Levi F, Prada-Gracia D, Mintert F, Rao F. Structure–dynamics relationship in coherent transport through disordered systems. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2296. [PMID: 23921601 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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29
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Fransted KA, Caram JR, Hayes D, Engel GS. Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of bacteriochlorophyll a in solution: Elucidating the coherence dynamics of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex using its chromophore as a control. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:125101. [PMID: 23020349 DOI: 10.1063/1.4752107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the observation of long-lived coherences in the two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectra of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex, many theoretical works suggest that coherences between excitons may play a role in the efficient energy transfer that occurs in photosynthetic antennae. This interpretation of the dynamics depends on the assignment of quantum beating signals to superpositions of excitons, which is complicated by the possibility of observing both electronic and vibrational coherences in 2D spectra. Here, we explore 2D spectra of bacteriochlorophyll a (BChla) in solution in an attempt to isolate vibrational beating signals in the absence of excitonic signals to identify the origin of the quantum beats in 2D spectra of FMO. Even at high laser power, our BChla spectra show strong beating only from the nonresonant response of the solvent. The beating signals that we can conclusively assign to vibrational modes of BChla are only slightly above the noise and at higher frequencies than those previously observed in spectra of FMO. Our results suggest that the beating observed in spectra of FMO is of a radically different character than the signals observed here and can therefore be attributed to electronic coherences or intermolecular degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Fransted
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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30
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Strümpfer J, Schulten K. Open Quantum Dynamics Calculations with the Hierarchy Equations of Motion on Parallel Computers. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:2808-2816. [PMID: 23105920 PMCID: PMC3480185 DOI: 10.1021/ct3003833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calculating the evolution of an open quantum system, i.e., a system in contact with a thermal environment, has presented a theoretical and computational challenge for many years. With the advent of supercomputers containing large amounts of memory and many processors, the computational challenge posed by the previously intractable theoretical models can now be addressed. The hierarchy equations of motion present one such model and offer a powerful method that remained under-utilized so far due to its considerable computational expense. By exploiting concurrent processing on parallel computers the hierarchy equations of motion can be applied to biological-scale systems. Herein we introduce the quantum dynamics software PHI, that solves the hierarchical equations of motion. We describe the integrator employed by PHI and demonstrate PHI's scaling and efficiency running on large parallel computers by applying the software to the calculation of inter-complex excitation transfer between the light harvesting complexes 1 and 2 of purple photosynthetic bacteria, a 50 pigment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Strümpfer
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Smyth C, Fassioli F, Scholes GD. Measures and implications of electronic coherence in photosynthetic light-harvesting. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2012; 370:3728-49. [PMID: 22753823 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We review various methods for measuring delocalization in light-harvesting complexes. Direct relations between inverse participation ratios (IPRs) and entanglement measures are derived. The B850 ring from the LH2 complex in Rhodopseudomonas acidophila is studied. By analysing electronic energy transfer dynamics in the B850 ring using different metrics for quantifying excitonic delocalization, we conclude that measures of entanglement are far more robust (in terms of time scale, temperature and level of decoherence) than IPRs, and are therefore more appropriate for the purpose of studying the time evolution of coherence in a system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathal Smyth
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A7, Canada
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Dawlaty JM, Ishizaki A, De AK, Fleming GR. Microscopic quantum coherence in a photosynthetic-light-harvesting antenna. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2012; 370:3672-91. [PMID: 22753820 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We briefly review the coherent quantum beats observed in recent two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy experiments in a photosynthetic-light-harvesting antenna. We emphasize that the decay of the quantum beats in these experiments is limited by ensemble averaging. The in vivo dynamics of energy transport depends upon the local fluctuations of a single photosynthetic complex during the energy transfer time (a few picoseconds). Recent analyses suggest that it remains possible that the quantum-coherent motion may be robust under individual realizations of the environment-induced fluctuations contrary to intuition obtained from condensed phase spectroscopic measurements and reduced density matrices. This result indicates that the decay of the observed quantum coherence can be understood as ensemble dephasing. We propose a fluorescence-detected single-molecule experiment with phase-locked excitation pulses to investigate the coherent dynamics at the level of a single molecule without hindrance by ensemble averaging. We discuss the advantages and limitations of this method. We report our initial results on bulk fluorescence-detected coherent spectroscopy of the Fenna-Mathews-Olson complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan M Dawlaty
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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33
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Strümpfer J, Şener M, Schulten K. How Quantum Coherence Assists Photosynthetic Light Harvesting. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:536-542. [PMID: 22844553 PMCID: PMC3404497 DOI: 10.1021/jz201459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This perspective examines how hundreds of pigment molecules in purple bacteria cooperate through quantum coherence to achieve remarkable light harvesting efficiency. Quantum coherent sharing of excitation, which modifies excited state energy levels and combines transition dipole moments, enables rapid transfer of excitation over large distances. Purple bacteria exploit the resulting excitation transfer to engage many antenna proteins in light harvesting, thereby increasing the rate of photon absorption and energy conversion. We highlight here how quantum coherence comes about and plays a key role in the photosynthetic apparatus of purple bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strümpfer
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - M Şener
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - K Schulten
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Physics and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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34
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Stavitski E, Galili T, Levanon H, Burrell AK, Officer DL, Scott S. Energy transfer and structure determination of porphyrin dimers linked via a phenylenebisvinylene bridge: A time-resolved triplet electron paramagnetic resonance study. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424602000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photoexcited triplet state in a series of homo and hetero dimers was examined by time resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectroscopy. The systems studied here consist of free-base tetraxylylporphyrin ( H 2 TXP ) and Zn (II) tetraxylylporphyrin ( ZnTXP ) and held together covalently by phenylenebisvinylene bridge at different positions. Experiments were carried out on the dimers, dissolved in an isotropic matrix (toluene), and in an anisotropic matrix of a liquid crystal (LC). Analysis of the results demonstrates that the dimers exhibit different geometries, depending on the linkage. Specifically, the triplet line shape analysis indicates that the para-dimers have a planar structure, the meta-dimers reveal the existence of two structural conformers, i.e. planar and slightly bent, while the ortho-dimers are characterized by the strongly bent molecular structure. The dimers exhibit efficient intramolecular singlet energy transfer (EnT) from ZnTXP to H 2 TXP subunit. On the other hand, EnT in all hetero dimers studied here is incomplete and some contribution from ZnTXP subunit is present in all triplet spectra. Thus, the efficiency of the EnT in the present systems is determined by properties of the connecting spacer, and does not depend on specific conformation and geometry of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Stavitski
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tamar Galili
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Haim Levanon
- Department of Physical Chemistry and The Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Anthony K. Burrell
- Actinide, Catalysis and Separations Chemistry, C-SIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - David L. Officer
- Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sonya Scott
- Nanomaterials Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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35
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Rivera CA, Fourkas JT. Reexamining the interpretation of vibrational sum-frequency generation spectra. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2011.641263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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36
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Kreisbeck C, Kramer T, Rodríguez M, Hein B. High-Performance Solution of Hierarchical Equations of Motion for Studying Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Complexes. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:2166-74. [PMID: 26606486 DOI: 10.1021/ct200126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Excitonic models of light-harvesting complexes, where the vibrational degrees of freedom are treated as a bath, are commonly used to describe the motion of the electronic excitation through a molecule. Recent experiments point toward the possibility of memory effects in this process and require one to consider time nonlocal propagation techniques. The hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) were proposed by Ishizaki and Fleming to describe the site-dependent reorganization dynamics of protein environments ( J. Chem. Phys. 2009 , 130 , 234111 ), which plays a significant role in photosynthetic electronic energy transfer. HEOM are often used as a reference for other approximate methods but have been implemented only for small systems due to their adverse computational scaling with the system size. Here, we show that HEOM are also solvable for larger systems, since the underlying algorithm is ideally suited for the usage of graphics processing units (GPU). The tremendous reduction in computational time due to the GPU allows us to perform a systematic study of the energy-transfer efficiency in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) light-harvesting complex at physiological temperature under full consideration of memory effects. We find that approximative methods differ qualitatively and quantitatively from the HEOM results and discuss the importance of finite temperature to achieving high energy-transfer efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kreisbeck
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kramer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mirta Rodríguez
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia CSIC , C/Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Birgit Hein
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Ishizaki A, Fleming GR. On the Interpretation of Quantum Coherent Beats Observed in Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectra of Photosynthetic Light Harvesting Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:6227-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp112406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Ishizaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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38
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Donehue JE, Varnavski OP, Cemborski R, Iyoda M, Goodson T. Probing Coherence in Synthetic Cyclic Light-Harvesting Pigments. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4819-28. [DOI: 10.1021/ja108359w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Donehue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Oleg P. Varnavski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Robert Cemborski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Masahiko Iyoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Theodore Goodson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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39
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Nalbach P, Thorwart M. Multiphonon transitions in the biomolecular energy transfer dynamics. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:194111. [PMID: 20499955 DOI: 10.1063/1.3428385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that the biomolecular exciton dynamics under the influence of slow polarization fluctuations in the solvent cannot be described by lowest order, one-phonon approaches which are perturbative in the system-bath coupling. Instead, nonperturbative multiphonon transitions induced by the slow bath yield significant contributions. This is shown by comparing results for the decoherence rate of the exciton dynamics of a resumed perturbation theory with numerically exact real-time path-integral data. The exact decoherence rate for realistically slow solvent environments is significantly modified by multiphonon processes even in the weak coupling regime, while a one-phonon description is satisfactory only for fast environmental noise. Slow environments inhibit bath modes that are resonant with the exciton dynamics, thereby suppressing one-phonon transitions and enhancing multiphonon processes, which are typically not captured by lowest order perturbative treatments, such as Redfield or Lindblad approaches, even in more refined variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nalbach
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), School of Soft Matter Research, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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40
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Yang S, Xu DZ, Song Z, Sun CP. Dimerization-assisted energy transport in light-harvesting complexes. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:234501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3435213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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van Grondelle R, Monshouwer R, Valkunas L. Photosynthetic antennae. Photosynthetic light-harvesting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19961001204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Wilde MM, McCracken JM, Mizel A. Could light harvesting complexes exhibit non-classical effects at room temperature? Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2009.0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting experimental and theoretical evidence suggest that coherent quantum effects play a role in the efficient transfer of an excitation from a chlorosome antenna to a reaction centre in the Fenna–Matthews–Olson protein complex. However, it is conceivable that a satisfying alternate interpretation of the results is possible in terms of a classical theory. To address this possibility, we consider a class of classical theories satisfying the minimal postulates of macrorealism and frame Leggett–Garg-type tests that could rule them out. Our numerical simulations indicate that even in the presence of decoherence, several tests could exhibit the required violations of the Leggett–Garg inequality. Remarkably, some violations persist even at room temperature for our decoherence model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Wilde
- Electronic Systems Division, Science Applications International Corporation, 4001 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - James M. McCracken
- Electronic Systems Division, Science Applications International Corporation, 4001 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Ari Mizel
- Laboratory for Physical Sciences, 8050 Greenmead Drive, College Park, MD 20740, USA
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43
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Hunt RW, Zavalin A, Bhatnagar A, Chinnasamy S, Das KC. Electromagnetic biostimulation of living cultures for biotechnology, biofuel and bioenergy applications. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:4515-4558. [PMID: 20057958 PMCID: PMC2790121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10104515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2009] [Revised: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The surge of interest in bioenergy has been marked with increasing efforts in research and development to identify new sources of biomass and to incorporate cutting-edge biotechnology to improve efficiency and increase yields. It is evident that various microorganisms will play an integral role in the development of this newly emerging industry, such as yeast for ethanol and Escherichia coli for fine chemical fermentation. However, it appears that microalgae have become the most promising prospect for biomass production due to their ability to grow fast, produce large quantities of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, thrive in poor quality waters, sequester and recycle carbon dioxide from industrial flue gases and remove pollutants from industrial, agricultural and municipal wastewaters. In an attempt to better understand and manipulate microorganisms for optimum production capacity, many researchers have investigated alternative methods for stimulating their growth and metabolic behavior. One such novel approach is the use of electromagnetic fields for the stimulation of growth and metabolic cascades and controlling biochemical pathways. An effort has been made in this review to consolidate the information on the current status of biostimulation research to enhance microbial growth and metabolism using electromagnetic fields. It summarizes information on the biostimulatory effects on growth and other biological processes to obtain insight regarding factors and dosages that lead to the stimulation and also what kind of processes have been reportedly affected. Diverse mechanistic theories and explanations for biological effects of electromagnetic fields on intra and extracellular environment have been discussed. The foundations of biophysical interactions such as bioelectromagnetic and biophotonic communication and organization within living systems are expounded with special consideration for spatiotemporal aspects of electromagnetic topology, leading to the potential of multipolar electromagnetic systems. The future direction for the use of biostimulation using bioelectromagnetic, biophotonic and electrochemical methods have been proposed for biotechnology industries in general with emphasis on an holistic biofuel system encompassing production of algal biomass, its processing and conversion to biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W. Hunt
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; E-Mails:
(A.B.);
(S.C.);
(K.C.D.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
(R.W.H.); Tel.: +1-706-227-7147; Fax: +1-706-542-8806
| | - Andrey Zavalin
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; E-Mail:
(A.Z.)
| | - Ashish Bhatnagar
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; E-Mails:
(A.B.);
(S.C.);
(K.C.D.)
| | - Senthil Chinnasamy
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; E-Mails:
(A.B.);
(S.C.);
(K.C.D.)
| | - Keshav C. Das
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; E-Mails:
(A.B.);
(S.C.);
(K.C.D.)
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44
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Nazir A. Correlation-dependent coherent to incoherent transitions in resonant energy transfer dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:146404. [PMID: 19905588 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.146404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
I investigate energy transfer in a donor-acceptor pair beyond weak system-bath coupling. I identify a transition from coherent to incoherent dynamics with increasing temperature, due to multiphonon effects not captured by a standard weak-coupling treatment. The crossover temperature has a marked dependence on the degree of spatial correlation between fluctuations experienced at the two system sites. For strong correlations, this leads to the possibility of coherence surviving into a high-temperature regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Nazir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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45
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Rebentrost P, Mohseni M, Aspuru-Guzik A. Role of quantum coherence and environmental fluctuations in chromophoric energy transport. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9942-7. [PMID: 19603843 DOI: 10.1021/jp901724d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of quantum coherence in the dynamics of photosynthetic energy transfer in chromophoric complexes is not fully understood. In this work, we quantify the biological importance of fundamental physical processes, such as the excitonic Hamiltonian evolution and phonon-induced decoherence, by their contribution to the efficiency of the primary photosynthetic event. We study the effect of spatial correlations in the phonon bath and slow protein scaffold movements on the efficiency and the contributing processes. To this end, we develop two theoretical approaches based on a Green's function method and energy transfer susceptibilities. We investigate the Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein complex, in which we find a contribution of coherent dynamics of about 10% in the presence of uncorrelated phonons and about 30% in the presence of realistically correlated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rebentrost
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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46
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Abstract
We review recent theoretical and experimental advances in the elucidation of the dynamics of light harvesting in photosynthesis, focusing on recent theoretical developments in structure-based modeling of electronic excitations in photosynthetic complexes and critically examining theoretical models for excitation energy transfer. We then briefly describe two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy and its application to the study of photosynthetic complexes, in particular the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex from green sulfur bacteria. This review emphasizes recent experimental observations of long-lasting quantum coherence in photosynthetic systems and the implications of quantum coherence in natural photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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47
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Collini E, Scholes GD. Electronic and Vibrational Coherences in Resonance Energy Transfer along MEH-PPV Chains at Room Temperature. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4223-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp810757x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Collini
- Lash-Miller Chemical Laboratories, Institute for Optical Sciences and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Lash-Miller Chemical Laboratories, Institute for Optical Sciences and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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48
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Clegg RM. Chapter 1 Förster resonance energy transfer—FRET what is it, why do it, and how it's done. FRET AND FLIM TECHNIQUES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0075-7535(08)00001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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49
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Yoon MC, Yoon ZS, Cho S, Kim D, Takagi A, Matsumoto T, Kawai T, Hori T, Peng X, Aratani N, Osuka A. A Hexagonal Prismatic Porphyrin Array: Synthesis, STM Detection, and Efficient Energy Hopping in Near-Infrared Region. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9233-9. [PMID: 17622126 DOI: 10.1021/jp0723923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A belt-shaped hexagonal cyclic porphyrin array 2 that comprises of six meso-meso, beta-beta, beta-beta triply linked diporphyrins 3 bridged by 1,3-phenylene spacers is prepared by oxidation from cyclic dodecameric array 1 consisting of six meso-meso directly linked diporphyrins 4 with DDQ and Sc(OTf)3. The absorption spectrum of 2 is similar to that of the constituent subunit 3 but shows a slight red-shift for the Q-bands in near-infrared (NIR) region, indicating the exciton coupling between the neighboring diporphyrin chromophores. Observed total exciton coupling energies in the absorption spectra were largely matched with the calculated values based on point-dipole exciton coupling approximation. It was found that the experimental exciton coupling strength (292 cm(-1)) of the Q-band in 2 is slightly larger than the calculated one (99 cm(-1)), indicating that the electronic communications are enhanced through 1,3-phenylene linkers in hexameric macromolecule. A rate of the excitation energy hopping (EEH) that occurs in 2 at the lowest excited singlet state in the near-infrared region has been determined to be (1.8 ps)(-1) on the basis of the pump-power dependent femtosecond transient absorption (TA) and the transient absorption anisotropy (TAA) decay measurements. The 2 times faster EEH rate of 2 than that of 1 (4.0 ps)(-1) mainly comes from involving through-bond energy transfer among diporphyrin subunits via 1,3-phenylene bridges as well as Förster-type through-space EEH processes. STM measurement of 2 in the Cu(100) surface revealed that it takes several discrete conformations with respect to the relative orientation of neighboring diporphyrins. Collectively, an effective EEH in the NIR region is realized in 2 due largely to the intensified oscillator strength in the S(1) state (Q-band) and the close proximity held by 1,3-phenylene spacers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chul Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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50
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Engel GS, Calhoun TR, Read EL, Ahn TK, Mancal T, Cheng YC, Blankenship RE, Fleming GR. Evidence for wavelike energy transfer through quantum coherence in photosynthetic systems. Nature 2007; 446:782-6. [PMID: 17429397 DOI: 10.1038/nature05678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1559] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic complexes are exquisitely tuned to capture solar light efficiently, and then transmit the excitation energy to reaction centres, where long term energy storage is initiated. The energy transfer mechanism is often described by semiclassical models that invoke 'hopping' of excited-state populations along discrete energy levels. Two-dimensional Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy has mapped these energy levels and their coupling in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) bacteriochlorophyll complex, which is found in green sulphur bacteria and acts as an energy 'wire' connecting a large peripheral light-harvesting antenna, the chlorosome, to the reaction centre. The spectroscopic data clearly document the dependence of the dominant energy transport pathways on the spatial properties of the excited-state wavefunctions of the whole bacteriochlorophyll complex. But the intricate dynamics of quantum coherence, which has no classical analogue, was largely neglected in the analyses-even though electronic energy transfer involving oscillatory populations of donors and acceptors was first discussed more than 70 years ago, and electronic quantum beats arising from quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes have been predicted and indirectly observed. Here we extend previous two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy investigations of the FMO bacteriochlorophyll complex, and obtain direct evidence for remarkably long-lived electronic quantum coherence playing an important part in energy transfer processes within this system. The quantum coherence manifests itself in characteristic, directly observable quantum beating signals among the excitons within the Chlorobium tepidum FMO complex at 77 K. This wavelike characteristic of the energy transfer within the photosynthetic complex can explain its extreme efficiency, in that it allows the complexes to sample vast areas of phase space to find the most efficient path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Engel
- Department of Chemistry & QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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