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Yu XY, Wu SY, Shen GQ, Yan L, Wei ZT, Li XY. Density functional theory calculations of copper-doped rutile crystals: Local structural, electronic, optical, and electron paramagnetic resonance properties. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:104-112. [PMID: 34212405 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The local structural, electronic, optical, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) properties are uniformly studied for Cu2+ -doped rutile (TiO2 ) crystals by using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The local cation-oxygen bond lengths and planar bond angle, band gap, Mulliken charge and overlapping population, density of state (DOS), and UV-Vis absorption spectra are calculated for pure and copper-doped rutile. The smaller overlapping population of Cu-O bonds in the doped system than Ti-O bonds in pure rutile reflects weaker orbital admixtures or covalency of the former. Compared with pure rutile, Cu2+ doping leads to significant redshift of the UV-Vis absorption band and the narrow impurity band in visible and near-infrared regions arising from the Cu2+ d-d transitions and narrowing of the band gap by about 0.636 eV, possibly suggesting enhancement of visible light activity. The Cu dopant induces a spin magnetic moment of 0.74 μB for the doped rutile. The calculated UV-Vis absorption spectra and spin Hamiltonian parameters for copper-doped rutile show reasonable agreement with the experimental data and some improvement related to the previous perturbation formula calculations. Present systematic studies would be helpful to understand the mechanisms of the enhancement in the optical and magnetic properties of this material with transition-metal (especially Cu2+ ) dopants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yuan Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shao-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gao-Qiang Shen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang-Ting Wei
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Unzueta PA, Beran GJO. Polarizable continuum models provide an effective electrostatic embedding model for fragment-based chemical shift prediction in challenging systems. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:2251-2265. [PMID: 32748418 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift prediction provides an important tool for interpreting and assigning experimental spectra, but it becomes computationally prohibitive in large systems. The computational costs can be reduced considerably by fragmentation of the large system into a series of contributions from many smaller subsystems. However, the presence of charged functional groups and the need to partition the system across covalent bonds create complications in biomolecules that typically require the use of large fragments and careful descriptions of the electrostatic environment. The present work shows how a model that combines chemical shielding contributions from non-overlapping monomer and dimer fragments embedded in a polarizable continuum model provides a simple, easy-to-implement, and computationally inexpensive approach for predicting chemical shifts in complex systems. The model's performance proves rather insensitive to the continuum dielectric constant, making the selection of the optimal embedding dielectric less critical. The PCM-embedded fragment model is demonstrated to perform well across systems ranging from molecular crystals to proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Unzueta
- Department of Chemistry, Univeristy of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Gregory J O Beran
- Department of Chemistry, Univeristy of California, Riverside, California, USA
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3
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Impact of long-range electrostatic and dispersive interactions on theoretical predictions of adsorption and catalysis in zeolites. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Matczak P. Effect of surface vacancies on the adsorption of Pd and Pb on MgO(100). MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018; 149:1009-1015. [PMID: 29887646 PMCID: PMC5972179 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Theoretical quantum mechanical calculations have been carried out to establish the effect of surface vacancies on the adsorption of Pd and Pb atoms on the defective MgO(100) surface. The investigated defects included neutral, singly and doubly charged O and Mg vacancies on the (100) surface of MgO. These vacancies played the role of Fsn+ and Vsn− (n = 0, 1, 2) adsorption centers for a single Pd or Pb atom. From the results of calculations, it is clear that the Pd- and Pb-atom adsorption at the Fsn+ and Vsn− centers shows different characteristics than at the regular O2− and Mg2+ centers. Drastic changes in geometric, energetic, and electronic parameters are evident in Pd/Vsn− and Pb/Vsn−. The effect of Fs0 and Fs+, which in practice are the most important vacancies, is smaller, yet the adsorption of Pd and Pb at these centers is more energetically favorable than at the regular O2− center. Of the two metals studied, the atom of Pd is bound by the Fs0 and Fs+ centers with higher adsorption energies. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00706-018-2159-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Matczak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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5
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First-Principles Simulation of Raman Spectra of Adsorbates on Metal Surfaces. Chempluschem 2017; 82:924-932. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Chung LW, Sameera WMC, Ramozzi R, Page AJ, Hatanaka M, Petrova GP, Harris TV, Li X, Ke Z, Liu F, Li HB, Ding L, Morokuma K. The ONIOM Method and Its Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5678-796. [PMID: 25853797 DOI: 10.1021/cr5004419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 743] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lung Wa Chung
- †Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - W M C Sameera
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Romain Ramozzi
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Alister J Page
- §Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Galina P Petrova
- ∥Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Bulgaria Boulevard James Bourchier 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Travis V Harris
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan.,⊥Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, United States
| | - Xin Li
- #State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- ∇School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fengyi Liu
- ○Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Hai-Bei Li
- ■School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Lina Ding
- ▲School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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Theoretical study of absorption of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium cation (TEMPO) on TiO₂(110) rutile surface. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2149. [PMID: 24567160 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of the adsorption of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium cation (TEMPO) onto the TiO₂(110) surface rutile, investigating its bonding nature, electron properties and structural stability. Based on the results obtained with the PBE0/def2-SVP method, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis suggests a bond order for the O--O bond in complexes 5 and 6, of 0.25 and 0.88, respectively. We also described NBOs for the main interactions of the TiO₂-TEMPO complexes.
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Structures and mechanisms of the dehydration of benzaldoxime over Fe-ZSM-5 zeolites: a DFT study. Struct Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-012-0161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Yang SQ, He GZ. Hydrogen Bonding Effects on the Photophysical Properties of 2,3-dihydro-3-keto-1H-pyrido[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/25/03/254-260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Suzuki S, Tsuneda T, Hirao K. A theoretical investigation on photocatalytic oxidation on the TiO2 surface. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:024706. [PMID: 22260609 DOI: 10.1063/1.3676261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The TiO(2) photocatalytic oxidation mechanism was theoretically investigated by using long-range corrected time-dependent density functional theory (LC-TDDFT) with a cluster model of the anatase TiO(2)(001) surface. We found that LC-TDDFT with the cluster model quantitatively reproduces the photoexcitations of the TiO(2) surface by calculating the electronic spectra of a clean TiO(2) surface and one with oxygen defects. We calculated the electronic spectra of a molecularly adsorbed TiO(2) surface for the adsorptions of phenol, methanol, and methane molecules as typical organic molecules. We obtained the surprising result that the main peak of the phenol-adsorbed TiO(2) surface, which overlaps with the main peak of the clean TiO(2) surface, corresponds to charge transfers from the phenol molecule to the TiO(2) surface. This indicates that the TiO(2) photocatalytic oxidation proceeds through direct charge transfer excitation from the substrate molecules to the TiO(2) surface. In contrast, we found slight and no charge transfer for methanol and methane adsorption, respectively, in agreement with the experimental findings for their reactivities. In light of these results, we propose a new mechanism for heterogeneous TiO(2) photocatalytic oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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11
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12
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Severo Pereira Gomes A, Jacob CR. Quantum-chemical embedding methods for treating local electronic excitations in complex chemical systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pc90007f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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SU YANWEI, WANG YAN, CHEN GUANGJU, TRUONG THANHN. SLIDE AND ROLLING MECHANISMS OF Pt CLUSTERS OUT OF OXYGEN VACANCY REGION ON MgO(100) SURFACE. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633609005428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We present the theoretical DFT/B3LYP investigations on the cluster nucleation process and moving mechanism for the Pt n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12) clusters deposited on MgO surface with an embedded cluster model. The structures and energies of the Pt n clusters adsorbed on the perfect and oxygen vacancy MgO surfaces have been calculated. Based on the nucleation of the Pt n clusters on the oxygen vacancy sites of MgO surfaces, the two moving mechanisms of slide and rolling out of the vacancy region have been energetically investigated. The results show that the needed energies per atom moving out of the vacancy region decrease as the cluster sizes increase. Consequently, the big clusters move likely out of the vacancy sites by either slide or rolling model under a certain temperature condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- YANWEI SU
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - YAN WANG
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - GUANGJU CHEN
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - THANH N. TRUONG
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Zimmerman PM, Head-Gordon M, Bell AT. Selection and Validation of Charge and Lennard-Jones Parameters for QM/MM Simulations of Hydrocarbon Interactions with Zeolites. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:1695-703. [DOI: 10.1021/ct2001655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1461, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1461, United States
| | - Alexis T. Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
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15
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Kongpatpanich K, Nanok T, Boekfa B, Probst M, Limtrakul J. Structures and reaction mechanisms of glycerol dehydration over H-ZSM-5 zeolite: a density functional theory study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:6462-70. [PMID: 21369602 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01720e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The initial stage of glycerol conversion over H-ZSM-5 zeolite has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations on an embedded cluster model consisting of 128 tetrahedrally coordinated atoms. It is found that glycerol dehydration to acrolein and acetol proceeds favourably via a stepwise mechanism. The formation of an alkoxide species upon the first dehydration requires the highest activation energy (42.5 kcal mol(-1)) and can be considered as the rate determining step of the reaction. The intrinsic activation energies for the first dehydration are virtually the same for both acrolein and acetol formation, respectively, suggesting the competitive removal of the primary and secondary OH groups. A high selectivity to acrolein at moderate temperatures can be attributed to the selective activation of the stronger adsorption mode of glycerol through the secondary OH group and the kinetically favoured subsequent consecutive steps. In addition, the less reactive nature of acrolein relative to acetol precludes it from being converted to other products upon conversion to glycerol. In accordance with typical endothermic reactions, the forward rate constant for glycerol dehydration significantly increases with increasing reaction temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Kongpatpanich
- Laboratory for Computational and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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16
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen G. Nucleation and mobility model of Agn clusters adsorbed on perfect and oxygen vacancy MgO surfaces. J Mol Model 2010; 17:1061-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V. Sushko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Igor V. Abarenkov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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18
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Weber J, Schmedt auf der Günne J. Calculation of NMR parameters in ionic solids by an improved self-consistent embedded cluster method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:583-603. [DOI: 10.1039/b909870d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Alimohammadi M, Fichthorn KA. Molecular dynamics simulation of the aggregation of titanium dioxide nanocrystals: preferential alignment. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:4198-4203. [PMID: 19719155 DOI: 10.1021/nl9024215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We use classical molecular-dynamics simulations to study the aggregation of various titanium dioxide (anatase) nanocrystals in vacuum. In all cases, we observe a strong tendency for the nanocrystals to aggregate with certain preferred orientations in a "hinge" mechanism. Although some of the nanocrystals possess significant dipole moments, dipole-dipole interactions do not direct aggregation, implying that higher-order multipole moments are the driving force for preferential alignment. These high-order multipole moments originate from under-coordinated O and Ti surface atoms on the edges between nanocrystal facets, which create localized regions of positive and negative charge. The observed mechanism for preferential alignment may be a driving force for oriented attachment and the growth of anisotropic structures during crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Alimohammadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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20
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Sablon N, Proft FD, Geerlings P. Molecular Orbital-Averaged Fukui Function for the Reactivity Description of Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide Clusters. J Chem Theory Comput 2009; 5:1245-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ct9000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Sablon
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Paul Geerlings
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium
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Sirijaraensre J, Limtrakul J. Effect of the acidic strength on the vapor phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime over the MFI zeolite: an embedded ONIOM study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:578-85. [DOI: 10.1039/b808662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Harding JH, Duffy DM, Sushko ML, Rodger PM, Quigley D, Elliott JA. Computational Techniques at the Organic−Inorganic Interface in Biomineralization. Chem Rev 2008; 108:4823-54. [DOI: 10.1021/cr078278y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John H. Harding
- Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - James A. Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
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Jungsuttiwong S, Limtrakul J, Truong TN. Theoretical study of modes of adsorption of water dimer on H-ZSM-5 and H-Faujasite zeolites. J Phys Chem B 2007; 109:13342-51. [PMID: 16852665 DOI: 10.1021/jp045021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Modes of adsorption of water dimer on H-ZSM-5 and H-Faujasite (H-FAU) zeolites have been investigated by a quantum embedded cluster approach, using the hybrid B3LYP density functional theory. The results indicate that there are two possible adsorption pathways, namely the stepwise process where only one water binds strongly to the (-O)3-Al-O(H) tetrahedral unit while the other weakly binds to the zeolite framework and the concerted process where both water molecules form a large ring of hydrogen-bonding network with the Brønsted proton and an oxygen framework. With inclusion of the effects of the Madelung potential from the extended zeolite framework, for adsorption on H-ZSM-5 zeolite, both the neutral and ion-pair complexes exist with adsorption energies of -15.13 and -14.73 kcal/mol, respectively. For adsorption on the H-FAU, only the ion-pair complex exists with the adsorption energy of -14.63 kcal/mol. Our results indicate that adsorption properties depend not only on the acidity of the Brønsted acidic site but also on the topology of the zeolite framework, such as on the spatial confinement effects which lead to very different adsorption structures for the ion-pair complexes in H-ZSM-5 and H-FAU, even though their adsorption energies are quite similar. Our calculated vibrational spectra for these ion-pair complexes support previous experimental IR interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Jungsuttiwong
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Zhang Y, Lin H, Truhlar DG. Self-Consistent Polarization of the Boundary in the Redistributed Charge and Dipole Scheme for Combined Quantum-Mechanical and Molecular-Mechanical Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2007; 3:1378-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ct7000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Chemistry Department, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, and Chemistry Department and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Hai Lin
- Chemistry Department, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, and Chemistry Department and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Chemistry Department, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80217-3364, and Chemistry Department and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
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26
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Nachtigall P, Sauer J. Applications of Quantum Chemical Methods in Zeolite Science. STUDIES IN SURFACE SCIENCE AND CATALYSIS 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(07)80808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Otero Areán C, Nachtigallová D, Nachtigall P, Garrone E, Rodríguez Delgado M. Thermodynamics of reversible gas adsorption on alkali-metal exchanged zeolites—the interplay of infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:1421-37. [PMID: 17356750 DOI: 10.1039/b615535a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Detailed understanding of weak solid-gas interactions giving rise to reversible gas adsorption on zeolites and related materials is relevant to both, fundamental studies on gas adsorption and potential improvement on a number of (adsorption based) technological processes. Combination of variable-temperature infrared spectroscopy with theoretical calculations constitutes a fruitful approach towards both of these aims. Such an approach is demonstrated here (mainly) by reviewing recent studies on hydrogen and carbon monoxide adsorption (at a low temperature) on alkali-metal exchanged ferrierite. However, the methodology discussed, which involves the interplay of experimental measurements and theoretical calculations at the periodic DFT level, should be equally valid for many other gas-solid systems. Specific aspects considered are the identification of gas adsorption complexes and thermodynamic studies related to standard adsorption enthalpy and entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Otero Areán
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de las Islas Baleares, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Sirijaraensre J, Limtrakul J. Vapor-Phase Beckmann Rearrangement of Oxime Molecules over H-Faujasite Zeolite. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:2424-32. [PMID: 17004280 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Beckmann rearrangement (BR) plays an important role in a variety of industries. The mechanism of this reaction rearrangement of oximes with different molecular sizes, specifically, the oximes of formaldehyde (H(2)C=NOH), Z-acetaldehyde (CH(3)HC=NOH), E-acetaldehyde (CH(3)HC=NOH) and acetone (CH(3))(2)C=NOH, catalyzed by the Faujasite zeolite is investigated by both the quantum cluster and embedded cluster approaches at the B3LYP level of theory using the 6-31G (d,p) basis set. To enhance the energetic properties, single point calculations are undertaken at MP2/6-311G(d,p). The rearrangement step, using the bare cluster model, is the rate determining step of the entire reaction of these oxime molecules of which the energy barrier is between 50-70 kcal mol(-1). The more accurate embedded cluster model, in which the effect of the zeolitic framework is included, yields as the rate determining step, the formaldehyde oxime reaction rearrangement with an energy barrier of 50.4 kcal mol(-1). With the inclusion of the methyl substitution at the carbon-end of formaldehyde oxime, the rate determining step of the reaction becomes the 1,2 H-shift step for Z-acetaldehyde oxime (30.5 kcal mol(-1)) and acetone oxime (31.2 kcal mol(-1)), while, in the E-acetaldehyde oxime, the rate determining step is either the 1,2 H-shift (26.2 kcal mol(-1)) or the rearrangement step (26.6 kcal mol(-1)). These results signify the important role that the effect of the zeolite framework plays in lowering the activation energy by stabilizing all of the ionic species in the process. It should, however, be noted that the sizeable turnover of a reaction catalyzed by the Brønsted acid site might be delayed by the quantitatively high desorption energy of the product and readsorption of the reactant at the active center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakkapan Sirijaraensre
- Laboratory for Computational and Applied Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Lomratsiri J, Probst M, Limtrakul J. Structure and adsorption of a basic probe molecule on H-ZSM-5 nanostructured zeolite: An embedded ONIOM study. J Mol Graph Model 2006; 25:219-25. [PMID: 16431144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2005.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2005] [Revised: 12/19/2005] [Accepted: 12/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption properties of pyridine on H-ZSM-5 zeolites have been investigated by cluster calculations with the ONIOM scheme and with an embedded-ONIOM scheme. The active site has been modeled with cluster sizes of up to 46 tetrahedra. Two different types of pyridine adsorption complexes on the zeolite models are found. If Zeolite is modeled by a small 3T quantum cluster, the adsorption energy of the hydrogen-bonded pyridine complex (Py-Hz), is found to be -18.5kcal/mol. When a larger cluster or the ONIOM models are employed, the optimized geometries show the formation of pyrdinium cation [PyH(+)] bound as an ion-pair complex [PyH(+)][Z(-)]. The calculated energy of formation for this ion-pair complex is -36.8kcal/mol in the ONIOM (B3LYP/6-31G(d,p):UFF) model. Both values are considerably lower than the experimentally estimated heat of adsorption of pyridine in ZSM-5 zeolite of -47.6kcal/mol. Inclusion of the electrostatic effects of the zeolite crystal lattice via the embedded ONIOM model increases the adsorption energy to -44.4kcal/mol. Performing the quantum-chemical treatment at the MP2/6-31G(d,p) level instead of the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) leads to a slightly lower adsorption energy to -45.9kcal/mol. These data suggest that the embedded ONIOM scheme provides an accurate method of studying the interaction of small organic molecules with zeolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarun Lomratsiri
- Laboratory for Computational and Applied Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Deka RC, Nasluzov VA, Ivanova Shor EA, Shor AM, Vayssilov GN, Rösch N. Comparison of all sites for Ti substitution in zeolite TS-1 by an accurate embedded-cluster method. J Phys Chem B 2006; 109:24304-10. [PMID: 16375428 DOI: 10.1021/jp050056l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the preferential location of Ti centers in the framework of the Ti-containing MFI zeolite TS-1 using a hybrid DFT/MM embedding method developed recently. This "covalent elastic polarizable environment" (covEPE) cluster embedding allows a complete and self-consistent treatment of solid covalent systems such as zeolites. For the present study, we used a gradient-corrected density functional approach. The resulting structural features of both Si- and Ti-substituted forms of the zeolite framework fit well with available experimental information. The calculated substitution energy of Ti at the 12 crystallographically different tetrahedral sites of the MFI structure vary within 19 kJ/mol with T12 and T2 as most and least preferred sites, respectively. On the basis of these computational results and the preferential sites for Ti substitution reported from different experimental investigations, we concluded that the Ti distribution in the TS-1 framework is not governed by the thermodynamic stability of the pure material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Ch Deka
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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31
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Wang Y, Nguyen HN, Truong TN. Mechanisms of and Effect of Coadsorption on Water Dissociation on an Oxygen Vacancy of the MgO(100) Surface. Chemistry 2006; 12:5859-67. [PMID: 16729339 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The dissociation mechanism of a water molecule at an oxygen vacancy on the MgO(100) surface was studied by using the embedded cluster method at the DFT/B3 LYP level, while the energetic information was refined by using the IMOMO method at the CCSD level. We found that a water molecule initially adsorbs on one of the magnesium ions surrounding the vacancy site with a binding energy of 15.98 kcal mol(-1). It then can dissociate on the MgO(100) surface along two possible dissociation pathways. One pathway produces a hydroxyl group bonded to the original magnesium with a proton filling the vacancy via a transition state with a barrier of 4.67 kcal mol(-1) relative to the adsorbed water configuration. The other pathway yields two hydroxy groups; the hydroxy group originally belonging to the water molecule fills the vacancy, while the hydrogen atom binds with the surface oxygen to form the other hydroxy group. Hydrogen atoms of these hydroxy groups can recombine to form a hydrogen molecule and the surface is healed. Although the barrier (14.09 kcal mol(-1)) of the rate-controlling step of the latter pathway is higher than that of the former one, the energies of all of its stationary points are lower than that of the separated reactants (H(2)O+cluster). The effects of water coadsorption are modeled by placing an additional water molecule near the active center, which suggests that the more coadsorbed water molecules further stabilize the hydroxy species and prevent the hydrogen molecule formation through the latter pathway. The results support the photoemission spectral evidence of water dissociation on the defective MgO(100) surface at low water coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Sirijaraensre J, Truong TN, Limtrakul J. Density Functional Study of the Mechanism of the Beckmann Rearrangement Catalyzed by H-ZSM-5: A Cluster and Embedded Cluster Study. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:12099-106. [PMID: 16852493 DOI: 10.1021/jp045135w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the Beckmann rearrangement (BR) catalyzed by the ZSM-5 zeolite has been investigated by both the quantum cluster and embedded cluster approaches at the B3LYP level of theory using the 6-31G(d,p) basis set. Single-point calculations were carried out at the MP2/6-311G(d,p) level of theory to improve energetic properties. The embedded cluster model suggests that the initial step of the Beckmann rearrangement is not the O-protonated oxime but the N-protonated oxime. The energy barriers derived from the proton shuttle of the N-bound to the O-bound isomer are determined to be approximately 99 and approximately 40 kJ/mol for the embedded cluster and quantum cluster approaches, respectively. The difference in the activation energy is due mainly to the effect of the Madelung potential from the zeolite framework. The next step is the rearrangement step, which is the transformation of the O-protonated oxime to be an enol-formed amide compound, formimidic acid. The activation energy, at the rearrangement step, is calculated to be approximately 125 and approximately 270 kJ/mol for the embedded cluster and quantum cluster approaches, respectively. The final step is the tautomerization step which transforms the enol-form to the keto-form, formamide compound. The energy barrier for tautomerization is calculated to be 123 and 151 kJ/mol for the embedded cluster and quantum cluster approaches, respectively. These calculated results suggest that the rate-determining step of the vapor phase of the Beckmann rearrangement on H-ZSM-5 is the rearrangement or tautomerization step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakkapan Sirijaraensre
- Computational and Applied Chemistry Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Division, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Treesukol P, Srisuk K, Limtrakul J, Truong TN. Nature of the Metal−Support Interaction in Bifunctional Catalytic Pt/H-ZSM-5 Zeolite. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:11940-5. [PMID: 16852471 DOI: 10.1021/jp0511348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The metal-support interaction of a dispersed Pt atom on H-ZSM-5 zeolite has been investigated by using an embedded cluster and cluster models with the density functional theory/B3LYP functional method. We found that the Pt atom interacts with a Brønsted proton and a nearby framework oxygen. Interaction with the framework oxygen causes electron transfer from the zeolite to the Pt atom. Concurrently, a Brønsted proton stabilizes the Pt atom on the zeolite surface by withdrawing excess electron density from the Pt atom. These charge transfers result in a zero net charge on the Pt atom while changing its orbital occupation. The binding energy of Pt on the Brønsted acid was 15 kcal/mol. Inclusion of the Madelung potential by Surface Charge Representation of the Electrostatic Embedded Potential method (SCREEP) had small effects on structure and charge density of Pt/H-ZSM-5 but it shifted the stretching mode of CO toward a higher frequency by almost 40 cm(-1). The frequency shift of absorbed CO calculated with embedded cluster models was from 8 to 11 cm(-1) red shift, compared to 20 cm(-1) red shift from experiment. This implies that not only the electronic state of the Pt atom but also the Madelung potential of the support is responsible for the observed small red shift of CO on the Pt-H-ZSM-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piti Treesukol
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Applications of quantum chemical methods in zeolite science. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(05)80014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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37
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Herschend B, Baudin M, Hermansson K. A combined molecular dynamics+quantum mechanics method for investigation of dynamic effects on local surface structures. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:4939-48. [PMID: 15267356 DOI: 10.1063/1.1635802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A combined molecular dynamics (MD)+quantum mechanics (QM) method for studying processes on ionic surfaces is presented. Through the combination of classical MD and ab initio embedded-cluster calculations, this method allows the modeling of surface processes involving both the structural and dynamic features of the substrate, even for large-scale systems. The embedding approach used to link the information from the MD simulation to the cluster calculation is presented, and rigorous tests have been carried out to ensure the feasibility of the method. The electrostatic potential and electron density resulting from our embedded-cluster model have been compared with periodic slab results, and confirm the satisfying quality of our embedding scheme as well as the importance of applying embedding in our combined MD+QM approach. We show that a highly accurate representation of the Madelung potential becomes a prerequisite when the embedded-cluster approach is applied to temperature-distorted surface snapshots from the MD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Herschend
- Department of Materials Chemistry, The Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, S-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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38
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Wang Y, Truong TN. Theoretical Study of Adsorption of Water Dimer on the Perfect MgO(100) Surface: Molecular Adsorption versus Dissociative Chemisorption. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp031195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Room Dock, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Thanh N. Truong
- Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Room Dock, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
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Density functional theory study of the ethylene epoxidation over Ti-substituted silicalite (TS-1). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(03)00473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Moskaleva LV, Nasluzov VA, Chen ZX, Rösch N. Elastic polarizable environment cluster embedding approach for water adsorption on the α-Al2O3(0001) surface. A density functional study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b407082h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Theoretical analysis of the electronic spectra of water adsorbed on the rutile TiO2 (110) and MgO (100) surfaces. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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43
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The influence of the framework on adsorption properties of ethylene/H-ZSM-5 system: an ONIOM study. J Mol Struct 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(03)00154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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de Lara-Castells MP, Krause JL. Theoretical study of the UV-induced desorption of molecular oxygen from the reduced TiO2 (110) surface. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1545093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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45
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Nasluzov VA, Ivanova EA, Shor AM, Vayssilov GN, Birkenheuer U, Rösch N. Elastic Polarizable Environment Cluster Embedding Approach for Covalent Oxides and Zeolites Based on a Density Functional Method. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026742r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Nasluzov
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Elena A. Ivanova
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexei M. Shor
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Georgi N. Vayssilov
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Uwe Birkenheuer
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria, and Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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46
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Cui Q, Guo H, Karplus M. Combining ab initio and density functional theories with semiempirical methods. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Batista ER, Friesner RA. A Self-Consistent Charge-Embedding Methodology for ab Initio Quantum Chemical Cluster Modeling of Ionic Solids and Surfaces: Application to the (001) Surface of Hematite (α-Fe2O3). J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp020509b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique R. Batista
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Richard A. Friesner
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
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48
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Chipman DM. Energy correction to simulation of volume polarization in reaction field theory. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1477928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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49
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50
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Solı́s D, Ferraro M, Facelli J. Modeling NMR chemical shifts: surface charge representation of the electrostatic embedding potential modeling of crystalline intermolecular effects in 19F solid state NMR chemical shifts. J Mol Struct 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(01)00713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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