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Goudreault T, He Z, Guo Y, Ho CL, Zhan H, Wang Q, Ho KYF, Wong KL, Fortin D, Yao B, Xie Z, Wang L, Kwok WM, Harvey PD, Wong WY. Synthesis, Light-Emitting, and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of Platinum-Containing Poly(arylene-ethynylene)s Linked by 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Units. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1009319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Goudreault
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2550 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Ze He
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | | | - Cheuk-Lam Ho
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Keith Yat-Fung Ho
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2550 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Bing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Wai-Ming Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2550 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Luminescence Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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Martín R, Jiménez LB, Alvaro M, Scaiano JC, García H. Photoinduced formation and characterization of electron-hole pairs in azaxanthylium-derivatized short single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chemistry 2009; 15:8751-9. [PMID: 19603432 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
2-Azaxanthone, a nitrogenated derivative of the well-studied organic chromophore xanthone, has been covalently bound through 2-(ethylthio)ethylamido linkers to the carboxylic acid groups of short, soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of 450 nm average length, and the resulting azaxanthylium-functionalized CNTs (AZX-CNT, 8.5 wt % AZX content) characterized by solution (1)H NMR, Raman and IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Comparison of the quenching of the triplet excited state of AZX (steady-state and time-resolved) and of the transient optical spectra of CNTs and AZX-CNT shows that the covalent linkage boosts the interaction between the azaxanthylium moiety and the short CNT units. The triplet excited state of the azaxanthylium derivative is quenched by CNT with and without covalent bonding, but when it is covalently bonded, the singular transient spectrum is compatible with the photogeneration of electron holes through electron transfer from CNT to excited azaxanthylium units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Martín
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Av. De Los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Goez M, Henbest KB, Windham EG, Maeda K, Timmel CR. Quenching mechanisms and diffusional pathways in micellar systems unravelled by time-resolved magnetic-field effects. Chemistry 2009; 15:6058-64. [PMID: 19405051 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic-field effects (MFEs) are used to investigate the photoreaction of xanthone (A) and DABCO (D) in anionic (SDS) or cationic (DTAC) micelles at high pH (DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, SDS = sodium dodecyl sulfate, DTAC = dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride). From MFE experiments with nanosecond time resolution, the radical anion A(.)(-) can be observed without any interference from the much more strongly absorbing triplet (3)A*, the different quenching processes can be separated and their rates can be measured. Triplet (3)A* is quenched dynamically both by the SDS micelle (k(1) = 5.0x10(5) s(-1)) and by DABCO approaching from the aqueous phase (k(2) = 2.0x10(9) M(-1) s(-1)). Static quenching by solubilised DABCO (association constant with the SDS micelles, 1.5 M(-1)) also participates at high DABCO concentrations, but is chemically nonproductive and does not lead to MFE generation. The MFEs stemming from the radical ion pairs A(.)(-) D(.)(+) are about 40 times larger in the anionic micelles than in the cationic ones despite a higher yield of free radicals in the latter case. This can be rationalised by different diffusional dynamics: Because of the location of their precursors, A(.)(-) and D(.)(+) are formed at opposite sides of the micelle boundary. Subsequently, the negatively charged Stern layer of the SDS micelle traps the radical cation, which then undergoes surface diffusion, so both the recombination probability and the spin mixing are high; in contrast, the positive surface charge of the DTAC micelle forces the radical cation into the bulk of the solution, thus efficiently blocking a recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Goez
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Cosa G, Lukeman M, Scaiano JC. How drug photodegradation studies led to the promise of new therapies and some fundamental carbanion reaction dynamics along the way. Acc Chem Res 2009; 42:599-607. [PMID: 19320473 DOI: 10.1021/ar8001969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photodegradation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a class of medications that includes aspirin and ibuprofen, has generated considerable interest since the 1990s, largely because of the phototoxic and photoallergic effects that frequently accompany their therapeutic use. Among NSAIDs, ketoprofen, which contains a benzophenone chromophore, has been extensively studied, reflecting both its notorious adverse effects and the fascination that photochemists have with benzophenone. The photochemistry of ketoprofen involves the intermediacy of an easily detectable carbanion with a remarkable lifetime of 200 ns in water; its life expectancy can in fact be extended to minutes under carefully controlled anhydrous conditions. Over the past decade, we have used some key properties of the ketoprofen carbanion to conduct mechanistic studies on carbanions under various conditions. In particular, its ease of photogeneration provides the temporal control required for kinetic studies, which, combined with its long lifetime and readily detectable visible absorption, have enabled extensive laser flash photolysis work. These studies have led to an intimate understanding of the reaction dynamics for carbanions in solution, including the determination of absolute rate constants for protonation, S(N)2, and elimination reactions. Together they provide excellent exemplars of reactivity patterns that today are part of all introductory curricula in organic chemistry and illustrate the fundamentals of nucleophilic substitution paradigms. More recently, we have begun to exploit the photochemistry of ketoprofenate and have developed the ketoprofenate photocage, a valuable tool for the photocontrolled cleavage of protecting groups and concomitant drug release. The photorelease has been illustrated with ibuprofen, among many other molecules. These photocages have been further improved with the use of the xanthone chromophore; the goal is the release of antiviral agents taking advantage of the improved UVA absorption of xanthone (xanthonate photocages). In this Account, we survey our work of the past few years on the photochemistry of ketoprofen and related chromophores. Beginning with studies on the phototoxicity of ketoprofen, we have made the journey to new prodrug candidates, unraveling mechanistic elements of aroyl-substituted benzyl carbanions along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Québec H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Matthew Lukeman
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - J. C. Scaiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Ohara K, Hashimoto Y, Hamada C, Nagaoka SI. Time-resolved EPR investigation on the photoreactions of vitamin K with antioxidant vitamins in micelle systems. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Kubo M, Mori Y, Otani M, Murakami M, Ishibashi Y, Yasuda M, Hosomizu K, Miyasaka H, Imahori H, Nakashima S. Ultrafast Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Directly Linked Porphyrin−Ferrocene Dyads. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:5136-43. [PMID: 17530835 DOI: 10.1021/jp071546b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast electron transfer occurring upon Soret excitation of three new porphyrin-ferrocene (XP-Fc) dyads has been studied by femtosecond up-conversion and pump-probe techniques. In the XP-Fc dyads (XP-Fcs) designed in this study, the ferrocene moiety is covalently bonded to the meso positions of 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl zinc porphyrin (BPZnP-Fc), pentafluorophenyl zinc porphyrin (FPZnP-Fc), and 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl free-base porphyrin (BPH2P-Fc). Charge separation and recombination in the XP-Fcs were confirmed by transient absorption spectra, and the lifetimes of the charge-separated states were estimated from the decay rate of the porphyrin radical anion band to be approximately 20 ps. The charge-separation rates of the XP-Fcs were found to be >10(13) s-1 from the S2 state and 6.3x10(12) s-1 from the S1 state. Charge separation from the S2 state was particularly efficient for BPZnP-Fc, whereas the main reaction pathway was from the S1 state for BPH2P-Fc. Charge separation from the S2 and S1 states occurred at virtually the same rate in benzene and tetrahydrofuran and was much faster than their solvation times. Analysis of these results using semiquantum Marcus theory indicates that the magnitude of the electronic-tunneling matrix element is rather large and far outside the range of nonadiabatic approximation. The pump-probe data show the presence of vibrational coherence during the reactions, suggesting that wavepacket dynamics on the adiabatic potential energy surface might regulate the ultrafast reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kubo
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan.
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Cosa G, Focsaneanu KS, McLean JRN, McNamee JP, Scaiano JC. Photophysical Properties of Fluorescent DNA-dyes Bound to Single- and Double-stranded DNA in Aqueous Buffered Solution¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0730585ppofdd2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chrétien MN, Shen B, García H, English AM, Scaiano JC. Ship-in-a-Bottle Synthesis of Fluorescence-labeled Nanoparticles: Applications in Cellular Imaging¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Ricci A, Chrétien MN, Sayari A, Scaiano JC. Photophysical Properties of Methyl Triazone Included in MCM-41¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2005.tb01468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bohne C, Johnston LJ, Leigh WJ. Introduction to the Special Issue in Honor of J. C. (Tito) Scaiano. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/2005-12-06-1r-747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Peter S, Evans DG, Coalson RD. Condensed-phase relaxation of multilevel quantum systems. I. An exactly solvable model. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:18758-63. [PMID: 16986865 DOI: 10.1021/jp061198y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An analytically solvable model of multilevel condensed-phase quantum dynamics relevant to vibrational relaxation and electron transfer is presented. Exact solutions are derived for the reduced system density matrix dynamics of a degenerate N-level quantum system characterized by nearest-neighbor hopping and off-diagonal coupling (which is linear in the bath coordinates) to a harmonic oscillator bath. We demonstrate that for N> 2 the long-time steady-state system site occupation probabilities are not the same for all sites; that is, they are distributed in a non-Boltzmann manner, which depends on the initial conditions and the number of levels in the system. Although the system-bath Hamiltonian considered here is restricted in form, the availability of an exact solution enables us to study the model in all regions of an extensive parameter space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Peter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Peter S, Evans DG, Coalson RD. Condensed-Phase Relaxation of Multilevel Quantum Systems. II. Comparison of Path Integral Calculations and Second-Order Relaxation Theory for a Nondegenerate Three-Level System. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:18764-70. [PMID: 16986866 DOI: 10.1021/jp061199q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An exactly solvable model of multisite condensed-phase vibrational relaxation was studied in Paper I (Peter, S.; Evans, D. G.; Coalson, R. D. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 18758.), where it was shown that long-time steady-state site populations of a degenerate N-level system are not equal (hence, they are non-Boltzmann) and depend on the initial preparation of the system and the number of sites that it comprises. Here we consider a generalization of the model to the case of a nondegenerate three-level system coupled to a high-dimensional bath: such a model system has direct relevance to a large class of donor-bridge-acceptor electron transfer processes. Because the quantum dynamics of this system cannot be computed analytically, we compare numerically exact path integral calculations to the predictions of second-order time-local relaxation theory. For modest system-bath coupling strengths, the two sets of results are in excellent agreement. They show that non-Boltzmann long-time steady-state site populations are obtained when the level splitting is small but nonzero, whereas at larger values of the system bias (asymmetry) these populations become Boltzmann distributed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Peter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Krystkowiak E, Maciejewski A, Kubicki J. Spectral and Photophysical Properties of Thioxanthone in Protic and Aprotic Solvents: The Role of Hydrogen Bonds in S1-Thioxanthone Deactivation. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:597-606. [PMID: 16514691 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Spectral and photophysical properties of thioxanthone (9H-thioxanthen-9-one, TX) were determined in a few protic solvents (H2O, D2O, hexafluoro-2-propanol) and compared with those in aprotic solvents. On the basis of the time-resolved and steady-state emission measurements and available literature data, it has been shown that the dominant S1-TX deactivation process in protic solvents is the formation of the S1-complex. The important modes of deactivation of the S1-complex are fluorescence (phiF approximately 0.4-0.5) and intersystem crossing to the T1 state. The S1-complex-->S0 internal conversion plays, at most, an insignificant role in S1-complex deactivation, which is evidenced by the absence of an isotope effect of protic solvents on the lifetime and quantum yield of fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Krystkowiak
- Photochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
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Heinz B, Schmidt B, Root C, Satzger H, Milota F, Fierz B, Kiefhaber T, Zinth W, Gilch P. On the unusual fluorescence properties of xanthone in water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:3432-9. [PMID: 16855722 DOI: 10.1039/b603560d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photo-excited xanthone is known to undergo ultrafast intersystem crossing (ISC) in the 1 ps time domain. Correspondingly, its fluorescence quantum yield in most solvents is very small ( approximately 10(-4)). Surprisingly, the quantum yield in water is 100 times larger, while ISC is still rapid ( approximately 1 ps), as seen by ultrafast pump probe absorption spectroscopy. Temperature dependent steady state and time resolved fluorescence experiments point to a delayed fluorescence mechanism, where the triplet (3)npi* state primarily accessed by ISC is nearly isoenergetic with the photo-excited (1)pipi* state. The delayed fluorescence of xanthone in water decays with a time constant of 700 ps, apparently by internal conversion between the (3)npi* state and the lowest lying triplet state (3)pipi*.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Heinz
- Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538, München, Germany
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Ricci A, Chrétien MN, Sayari A, Scaiano JC. Photophysical Properties of Methyl Triazone Included in MCM-41¶. Photochem Photobiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1562/2005-03-19-rn-466r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Faure S, Stern C, Guilard R, Harvey PD. Role of the Spacer in the Singlet−Singlet Energy Transfer Mechanism (Förster vs Dexter) in Cofacial Bisporphyrins. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:1253-61. [PMID: 14746498 DOI: 10.1021/ja0379823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cofacial bisporphyrins H4DPS (DPS = 4,6-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]dibenzothiophene), H4DPO (DPO = 4,6-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]dibenzofuran), H4DPX (DPX = 4,5-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]-9,9-dimethylxanthene), H4DPA (DPA = 1,8-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]anthracene), and H4DPB (DPB = 1,8-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]biphenylene) have been monometalated by Zn(OAc)2.2H2O and by GaCl3 to explore the singlet-singlet energy transfer from the photoexcited metal porphyrin center to the linked free base porphyrin. The spectroscopic (UV-vis and fluorescence) and photophysical properties (fluorescence lifetimes, tauF, and quantum yields, phiF) have been investigated at 298 and 77 K in degassed 2-MeTHF for the donor-acceptor systems, (Zn)H2DPS, (Zn)H2DPO, (Zn)H2DPA, (Zn)H2DPX, and (Zn)H2DPB, as well as for the bis-zinc complexes, (Zn)2DPS, (Zn)2DPO, (Zn)2DPX, and (Zn)2DPB, respectively, and the monoporphyrin derivatives, H2P, (Zn)P, and (Ga-OMe)P (P2- = 5-phenyl-2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrin-dianion). The singlet-singlet energy transfer rate constants (KET) were obtained using KET = (1/tauF -1/tauFo), where tauFo is the fluorescence lifetime of the corresponding bis-zinc(II) systems (or (Zn)P and (Ga-OMe)P) where no energy transfer occurs. The tauF value for three bis-zinc(II) compounds varies from 1.69 to 2.01 ns and is 1.84 (at 298 K) and 3.20 ns (at 77 K) for (Ga-OMe)P. In the donor-acceptor bismacrocycles, depending on the spacer and the temperature, the fluorescence lifetimes decrease down to 50-240 ps. The KET values range from approximately 4 to approximately 21 (ns(-1)) and have been analyzed considering both the Förster and the Dexter mechanisms. Using the C(meso)-C(meso) distance parameters in the calculations, the Förster and Dexter mechanisms operate for DPS and DPO, and for DPA, DPX, and DPB spacer systems, respectively. The limit distance where one mechanism dominates over the other is estimated to be around 5-6 A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Faure
- LIMSAG UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, 6 bd Gabriel, 21100 Dijon, France
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Chrétien MN, Shen B, García H, English AM, Scaiano JC. Ship-in-a-Bottle Synthesis of Fluorescence-labeled Nanoparticles: Applications in Cellular Imaging¶. Photochem Photobiol 2004; 80:434-7. [PMID: 15623326 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2004)080<0434:ssofna>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescein (2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-(3H)-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid) has been prepared inside the pores of zeolite-Y via ship-in-a-bottle synthesis. Fluorescein, whose dimensions prevent it from entering through the approximately 7 A windows of the faujasite zeolite used, was prepared by the acid-catalyzed reaction of resorcinol and phthalic anhydride. In this article we report initial spectroscopic data as well as an example of the usefulness of these fluorescence-labeled nanoparticles for imaging applications such as confocal fluorescence microscopy. Encapsulated fluorescein shows a remarkable increase in photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N Chrétien
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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18
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Maciejewski A, Kubicki J, Dobek K. The Origin of Time-Resolved Emission Spectra (TRES) Changes of 4-Aminophthalimide (4-AP) in SDS Micelles. The Role of the Hydrogen Bond between 4-AP and Water Present in Micelles. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036340z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Maciejewski
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland, Centre for Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Kubicki
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland, Centre for Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dobek
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland, Centre for Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Ohara K, Watanabe R, Mizuta Y, Nagaoka SI, Mukai K. Time-Resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Investigation of Photoinitiated Antioxidant Reaction of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) with Xanthone in Aqueous Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Chloride, and Triton X-100 Micelle Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0353486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Ohara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ryo Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yoko Mizuta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Nagaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mukai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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20
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Galletero MS, Corma A, Ferrer B, Fornés V, García H. Confinement Effects at the External Surface of Delaminated Zeolites (ITQ-2): An Inorganic Mimic of Cyclodextrins. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0210531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María S. Galletero
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Ferrer
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Fornés
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo García
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avda de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
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21
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Cosa G, Vinette AL, McLean JRN, Scaiano JC. DNA damage detection technique applying time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Anal Chem 2002; 74:6163-9. [PMID: 12510734 DOI: 10.1021/ac025888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel DNA damage detection technique based on the characteristic fluorescence lifetimes exhibited by Pico-Green-single-stranded DNA and -double-stranded DNA complexes is employed to establish the damage produced on DNA isolated from sheep white blood cells following gamma radiation. This technique, which incorporates key concepts such as alkaline unwinding buffers and higher unwinding rates of damaged DNA compared to undamaged DNA, allows for the differentiation of DNA damage resulting from doses of gamma radiation in the 0-100-Gy range, with the potential of analyzing samples consisting of as little as 10(4) cells. Experiments were carried out using commercial DNA sources as well as DNA isolated from sheep white blood cells, suggesting its potential for use with isolated DNA from virtually any eukaryotic cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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22
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Cosa G, Chrétien MN, Galletero MS, Fornés V, García H, Scaiano JC. Photocatalytic Activity of a Multicomponent System Assembled within Zeolites: Case of 2,4,6-Triphenylpyrylium or Ruthenium Tris(bipyridyl) Photosensitizers and Titanium Dioxide Relays within Zeolite Y. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012163v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
| | - Michelle N. Chrétien
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
| | - María S. Galletero
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Fornés
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo García
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
| | - J. C. Scaiano
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada, and Instituto de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071-Valencia, Spain
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23
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Chen L, Wood PD, Mnyusiwalla A, Marlinga J, Johnston LJ. Electron-Transfer Reactions in Micelles: Dynamics of Psoralen and Coumarin Radical Cations. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0127420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Cosa G, Focsaneanu KS, McLean JR, McNamee JP, Scaiano JC. Photophysical properties of fluorescent DNA-dyes bound to single- and double-stranded DNA in aqueous buffered solution. Photochem Photobiol 2001; 73:585-99. [PMID: 11421063 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)073<0585:ppofdd>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yields, lifetimes and time-resolved fluorescence spectra are reported for nine different fluorescent DNA-dyes. The work was initiated in search of a quantitative method to detect the ratio of single-to-double stranded DNA (ssDNA/dsDNA) in solution based on the photophysics of dye-DNA complexes; the result is a comprehensive study providing a vast amount of information for users of DNA strains. The dyes examined were the bisbenzimide or indole-derived stains (Hoechst 33342, Hoechst 33258 and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), phenanthridinium stains (ethidium bromide and propidium iodide) and cyanine dyes (PicoGreen, YOYO-1 iodide, SYBR Green I and SYBR Gold). All were evaluated under the same experimental conditions in terms of ionic strength, pH and dye-DNA ratio. Among the photophysical properties evaluated only fluorescence lifetimes for the cyanine stilbene dyes allowed a convenient differentiation between ssDNA and dsDNA. The bisbenzimide dyes showed multiexponential decays when bound to either form of DNA, making lifetime-based analysis cumbersome with inherent errors. These dyes also presented biexponential decay when free in aqueous buffered solutions at different pH. A mechanism for their deactivation is proposed based on two different conformers decaying with different kinetics. The phenanthridinium dyes showed monoexponential decays with ssDNA and dsDNA, but there was no discrimination between them. High dye-DNA ratios (e.g. 1:1) resulted in multiexponential decays for cyanine dyes, resulting from energy transfer or self-quenching deactivation. Shifts in both absorption and fluorescence maxima for both ssDNA and dsDNA DNA-cyanine dye complexes were small. Broadening of dye-ssDNA absorption and fluorescence bands for the cyanine dyes relative to dye-dsDNA bands was detected and attributed to higher degrees of rotational freedom in the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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25
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Okano LT, Barros TC, Chou DTH, Bennet AJ, Bohne C. Complexation Dynamics of Xanthone and Thioxanthone to β-Cyclodextrin Derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002622c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. T. Okano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3V6, and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - T. C. Barros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3V6, and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - D. T. H. Chou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3V6, and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - A. J. Bennet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3V6, and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - C. Bohne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3V6, and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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26
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Ley C, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier J, Jacques P. The spectral shape dependence of xanthone triplet–triplet absorption on solvent polarity. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(00)00374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Kleinman MH, Flory JH, Tomalia DA, Turro NJ. Effect of Protonation and PAMAM Dendrimer Size on the Complexation and Dynamic Mobility of 2-Naphthol. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001882r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H. Kleinman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Mail Code 3119, New York, New York 10027, and Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, University of Michigan, 4027 Kresge II, 200 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0533
| | - James H. Flory
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Mail Code 3119, New York, New York 10027, and Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, University of Michigan, 4027 Kresge II, 200 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0533
| | - Donald A. Tomalia
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Mail Code 3119, New York, New York 10027, and Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, University of Michigan, 4027 Kresge II, 200 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0533
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Mail Code 3119, New York, New York 10027, and Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, University of Michigan, 4027 Kresge II, 200 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0533
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28
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Evans CH, Prud'homme N, King M, Scaiano J. Calibration of the triplet–triplet absorption of xanthone as a microenvironment sensor. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(98)00455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Martínez LJ, Scaiano JC. The Photochemistry of 1-Azaxanthone in Aqueous Solutions and in Micellar Environments. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983311t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. J. Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - J. C. Scaiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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30
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Murphy RS, Barros TC, Barnes J, Mayer B, Marconi G, Bohne C. Complexation of Fluorenone and Xanthone to Cyclodextrins: Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Studies. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9821681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - T. C. Barros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - J. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - B. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Marconi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - C. Bohne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3V6, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry and Radiation Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZAII, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, and Istituto FRAE-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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