1
|
Richer M, Heidar-Zadeh F, Ríos-Gutiérrez M, Yang XD, Ayers PW. Spin-Polarized Conceptual Density Functional Theory from the Convex Hull. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4616-4628. [PMID: 38819213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We present a new, nonarbitrary, internally consistent, and unambiguous framework for spin-polarized conceptual density-functional theory (SP-DFT). We explicitly characterize the convex hull of energy, as a function of the number of electrons and their spin, as the only accessible ground states in spin-polarized density functional theory. Then, we construct continuous linear and quadratic models for the energy. The nondifferentiable linear model exactly captures the simplicial geometry of the complex hull about the point of interest and gives exact representations for the conceptual DFT reactivity indicators. The continuous quadratic energy model is the paraboloid of maximum curvature, which most tightly encloses the point of interest and neighboring vertices. The quadratic model is invariant to the choice of coordinate system (i.e., {N, S} vs {Nα, Nβ}) and reduces to a sensible formulation of spin-free conceptual DFT in the appropriate limit. Using the quadratic model, we generalize the Parr functions {P+(r), P-(r)} (and their derivatives with respect to number of electrons) to this new spin-polarized framework, integrating the Parr function concept into the context of (spin-polarized) conceptual DFT, and extending it to include higher-order effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Richer
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Farnaz Heidar-Zadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xiaotian Derrick Yang
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Paul W Ayers
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patra SG, Mondal H, Chattaraj PK. Variation in Electrophilicity on Electronic Excitation. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Himangshu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Chakraborty D, Chattaraj PK. Conceptual density functional theory based electronic structure principles. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6264-6279. [PMID: 34084424 PMCID: PMC8115084 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07017c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we intend to highlight the basic electronic structure principles and various reactivity descriptors as defined within the premise of conceptual density functional theory (CDFT). Over the past several decades, CDFT has proven its worth in providing valuable insights into various static as well as time-dependent physicochemical problems. Herein, having briefly outlined the basics of CDFT, we describe various situations where CDFT based reactivity theory could be employed in order to gain insights into the underlying mechanism of several chemical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F-2404 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India +91 3222 255303 +91 3222 283304
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The chemical reactivity of a molecule as a whole or of an atom in a molecule varies during a chemical reaction. A variation of global and local reactivity descriptors in the course of a physicochemical process was studied within a quantum fluid density functional theory framework. Effects of a physical confinement and the electronic excitation therein were studied. In this Perspective, we also highlight the direction of a spontaneous chemical reaction in the light of the dynamical variants of the conceptual density functional theory-based electronic structure principles. An exhaustive state-of-the-art dynamical study is warranted in order to understand a chemical reaction from a reactivity perspective augmenting the associated molecular reaction dynamics analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pal R, Chattaraj PK. Chemical reactivity from a conceptual density functional theory perspective. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
7
|
Babaei S, Niad M. Chemical reactivity descriptors as a tool of prediction in the synthesis of sandwich type polyoxometalate organic–inorganic hybrid compounds. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Geerlings P, Chamorro E, Chattaraj PK, De Proft F, Gázquez JL, Liu S, Morell C, Toro-Labbé A, Vela A, Ayers P. Conceptual density functional theory: status, prospects, issues. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-2546-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
9
|
Sharipov AS, Loukhovitski BI. Small atomic clusters: quantum chemical research of isomeric composition and physical properties. Struct Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Miranda-Quintana RA, Chattaraj PK, Ayers PW. Finite temperature grand canonical ensemble study of the minimum electrophilicity principle. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:124103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4996443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pratim K. Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Paul W. Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Grochala W. The generalized maximum hardness principle revisited and applied to atoms and molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:30964-30983. [PMID: 28816324 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03101g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Part 1 of this duology is devoted to isolated atoms and molecules, and to chemical reactions between them; we introduce here basic concepts beyond the Generalized Maximum Hardness Principle, and the corresponding Minimum Polarizability Principle, and we illustrate applicability of both principles to a broad range of chemical phenomena and distinct systems in the gas phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Grochala
- Centre for New Technologies
- The University of Warsaw
- 02089 Warsaw
- Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alghool S, Slebodnick C, Khaled KF. A Manganese-Based Coordination Polymer; Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Activity. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3184/174751916x14655773247783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atwo-dimensional manganese(II)-based coordination polymer [Mn(L)4(CH3COO)2] [L=1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene] has been synthesised. Its X-ray structure revealed that the layers of the 2D structure are stacked together by two types of weak interactions extending to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. The thermal stability of this coordination polymer is described and the compound has been used as a heterogeneous catalyst in oxidation of cyclohexene to cyclohexene oxide. A density functional study of structural parameters, position of the HOMO and LUMO energies, electrophilicity and global hardness is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Alghool
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, 5700, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, 42521, Egypt
| | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Khaled F. Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, 5700, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deka H, Saikia MD. Structural and thermodynamic factors on adsorptive interaction of certain flavonoids onto polymeric resins and activated carbon. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
14
|
Das S, Shedge SV, Pal S. Critical study of the charge transfer parameter for the calculation of interaction energy using the local hard-soft acid-base principle. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10933-43. [PMID: 24066610 DOI: 10.1021/jp407070h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Local hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) principle is semiquantitative in nature due to the presence of an ad hoc charge transfer parameter. The accuracy of HSAB principle significantly depends on the definition of this ad hoc parameter. In this paper, for the first time we have introduced the second-order approximation of ΔN (ΔNsecond) as an ad hoc parameter for charge transfer to calculate interaction energies of multiple site based interactions using local hard soft acid base principle. The second-order approximation of ΔN has been derived from Sanderson's electronegativity equalization principle. To validate our approach, we have studied interaction energies of some prototype molecules. The interaction energies obtained from our approach have been further compared with the interaction energies of those obtained using other charge transfer parameters (ΔNfirst and λ) and the conventional methods. We have also discussed the advantages and limitations of the approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Das
- Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune 411008, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
CHATTERJEE A. Industrial Application of Reactivity Indices within Density Functional Theory. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER CHEMISTRY-JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.2477/jccj.2012-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
16
|
Sarkar U, Khatua M, Chattaraj PK. A tug-of-war between electronic excitation and confinement in a dynamical context. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:1716-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22862e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Morell C, Labet V, Ayers PW, Genovese L, Grand A, Chermette H. Use of the Dual Potential to Rationalize the Occurrence of Some DNA Lesions (Pyrimidic Dimers). J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8032-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp202839u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Morell
- INAC/SCIB/LAN (UMR-E n°3 CEA-UJF − FRE3200 CNRS), CEA-Grenoble, 17, rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Vanessa Labet
- INAC/SCIB/LAN (UMR-E n°3 CEA-UJF − FRE3200 CNRS), CEA-Grenoble, 17, rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Paul W. Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Luigi Genovese
- SP2M, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - André Grand
- INAC/SCIB/LAN (UMR-E n°3 CEA-UJF − FRE3200 CNRS), CEA-Grenoble, 17, rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Henry Chermette
- Sciences Analytiques Chimie Physique Théorique, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1 (UCBL) et UMR CNRS 5180, bat Dirac, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Morell C, Labet V, Grand A, Ayers PW, De Proft F, Geerlings P, Chermette H. Characterization of the Chemical Behavior of the Low Excited States through a Local Chemical Potential. J Chem Theory Comput 2009; 5:2274-83. [DOI: 10.1021/ct900248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Morell
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Vanessa Labet
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - André Grand
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Paul W. Ayers
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Frank De Proft
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Paul Geerlings
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Henry Chermette
- Commissariat à L’Énergie Atomique Grenoble, 17, Rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Wetenschappen Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Member of the QCMM Alliance Ghent-Brussels Belgium, and Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Sciences Analytiques CNRS UMR 5180 Chimie Physique Théorique, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cárdenas C, Echegaray E, Chakraborty D, Anderson JSM, Ayers PW. Relationships between the third-order reactivity indicators in chemical density-functional theory. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:244105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3151599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Chattaraj PK, Giri S. Electrophilicity index within a conceptual DFT framework. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b802832j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, IndiaThis is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in 2006 (Chattaraj, P. K.; Sarkar, U.; Roy, D. R. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2065). Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Debesh Ranjan Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, IndiaThis is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in 2006 (Chattaraj, P. K.; Sarkar, U.; Roy, D. R. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2065). Updates to the text appear in red type
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Li XB, Wang HY, Yang XD, Zhu ZH, Tang YJ. Size dependence of the structures and energetic and electronic properties of gold clusters. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:084505. [PMID: 17343456 DOI: 10.1063/1.2434779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structures and stabilities of gold clusters with up to 14 atoms have been determined by density-functional theory. The structure optimizations and frequency analysis are performed with the Perdew-Wang 1991 gradient-corrected functional combined with the effective core potential and corresponding valence basis set (LANL2DZ). The turnover point from two-dimensional to three-dimensional geometry for gold clusters occurs at Au12. The energetic and electronic properties of the small gold clusters are strongly dependent on sizes and structures, which are in good agreement with experiment and other theoretical calculations. The even-odd oscillation in cluster stability and electronic properties predicted that the clusters with even numbers of atoms were more stable than the neighboring clusters with odd numbers of atoms. The stability and electronic structure properties of gold clusters are also characterized by the maximum hardness principle of chemical reactivity and minimum polarizability principle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Bo Li
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chapter 13 Chemical reactivity dynamics in ground and excited electronic states. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1380-7323(07)80014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
|
27
|
Torrent-Sucarrat M, Luis JM, Solà M. The Breakdown of the Minimum Polarizability Principle in Vibrational Motions as an Indicator of the Most Aromatic Center. Chemistry 2005; 11:6024-31. [PMID: 16047393 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The vibrational motions that disobey the minimum polarizability principle (MPP) in pi-conjugated molecules are distortions of the equilibrium geometry that produce a reduction in the polarizability due to the localization of pi electrons. For aromatic species, this electronic localization is responsible for the subsequent reduction in the aromaticity of the system. In the present work, we diagonalize the Hessian matrix of the polarizability with respect to the vibrational nontotally symmetric normal coordinates, to calculate the nontotally symmetric distortions that produce the maximum breakdown of the MPP in a series of twenty polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It is shown that the nuclear displacements that break the MPP have larger components in those rings that possess the highest local aromaticity. Thus, these vibrational motions can be used as an indicator of local aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Torrent-Sucarrat
- Institut de Química Computacional and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pintér B, De Proft F, Veszprémi T, Geerlings P. Regioselectivity in the [2 + 2] cyclo-addition reaction of triplet carbonyl compounds to substituted alkenes (Paterno-Büchi reaction): A spin-polarized conceptual DFT approach. J CHEM SCI 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02708363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
29
|
De Proft F, Fias S, Van Alsenoy C, Geerlings P. Spin-Polarized Conceptual Density Functional Theory Study of the Regioselectivity in the [2+2] Photocycloaddition of Enones to Substituted Alkenes. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:6335-43. [PMID: 16833976 DOI: 10.1021/jp050773f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A study of the regioselectivity of the photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition of triplet enones with a series of ground-state electron-rich and electron-poor alkenes using density functional theory (DFT)-based reactivity descriptors is presented. Using the concepts of local softness combined with a local hard and soft acids and bases principle and a softness matching approach, the regioselectivity of this reaction can only be explained in the case of the interaction of the triplet enones with electron-rich alkenes. In the next part, the regioselectivity was assessed within the framework of conceptual spin-polarized conceptual DFT, considering response functions of the system's external potential v, number of electrons N, and spin number NS (with NS being the difference between the number of alpha and beta electrons in the spin-polarized system). Within this theory, the concepts of local spin philicity and donicity are introduced. Using the spin philicity concept, the regioselectivity can almost be completely interpreted as resulting from the interaction of the site on the alkene with the highest spin philicity (i.e., lowest destabilization upon increasing spin number) with the site showing the highest change of spin number on the enone expected to result in the largest stabilization of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Faculteit Wetenschappen, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Torrent-Sucarrat M, Duran M, Luis JM, Solà M. Generalizing the Breakdown of the Maximum Hardness and Minimum Polarizabilities Principles for Nontotally Symmetric Vibrations to Non-π-Conjugated Organic Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:615-21. [PMID: 16833387 DOI: 10.1021/jp0470804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In previous works we have shown that certain pi-conjugated organic molecules possess nontotally symmetric vibrations that break the maximum hardness (MHP) and minimum polarizability principles (MPP). We have also derived a set of simple rules to determine a priori without calculations whether a particular pi-conjugated organic molecule violates these two principles. In the present work, we generalize these results, and we show that not only pi-conjugated organic molecules but also other molecules without pi-conjugated structure or even pi-bonds can exhibit nontotally symmetric molecular distortions that do not follow these two principles. We have also found that the breakdowns of the MHP and the MPP are not necessarily connected, since the polarizability is not always proportional to the softness. Finally, we also introduced a methodology based on the diagonalization of the hardness Hessian matrix with respect to the vibrational normal coordinates to determine the nontotally symmetric molecular displacements that do not follow the MHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Torrent-Sucarrat
- Institut de Química Computacional and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Parthasarathi R, Padmanabhan J, Subramanian V, Maiti B, Chattaraj PK. Chemical Reactivity Profiles of Two Selected Polychlorinated Biphenyls. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Parthasarathi
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Department of Physics, L.N. Government College, Ponneri 601 204, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - J. Padmanabhan
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Department of Physics, L.N. Government College, Ponneri 601 204, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - V. Subramanian
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Department of Physics, L.N. Government College, Ponneri 601 204, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - B. Maiti
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Department of Physics, L.N. Government College, Ponneri 601 204, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - P. K. Chattaraj
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Department of Physics, L.N. Government College, Ponneri 601 204, and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Geerlings
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie, Faculteit Wetenschappen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Torrent-Sucarrat M, Luis JM, Duran M, Solà M. Are the maximum hardness and minimum polarizability principles always obeyed in nontotally symmetric vibrations? J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1517990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
34
|
Chandrakumar KRS, Pal S. A Systematic Study on the Reactivity of Lewis Acid−Base Complexes through the Local Hard−Soft Acid−Base Principle. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026062o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. R. S. Chandrakumar
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Physical Chemical Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411 008, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Physical Chemical Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411 008, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jaque P, Toro-Labbé A. Characterization of copper clusters through the use of density functional theory reactivity descriptors. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1493178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Chandrakumar KRS, Pal S. Study of Local Hard−Soft Acid−Base Principle to Multiple-Site Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014499a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. R. S. Chandrakumar
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Torrent-Sucarrat M, Luis JM, Duran M, Solà M. On the validity of the maximum hardness and minimum polarizability principles for nontotally symmetric vibrations. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:7951-2. [PMID: 11493087 DOI: 10.1021/ja015737i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Torrent-Sucarrat
- Institut de Química Computacional Universitat de Girona, E-17071 Girona Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ayers PW, Parr RG. Variational principles for describing chemical reactions. Reactivity indices based on the external potential. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:2007-17. [PMID: 11456823 DOI: 10.1021/ja002966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a recent paper [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 2010], the authors explored variational principles that help one understand chemical reactivity on the basis of the changes in electron density associated with a chemical reaction. Here, similar methods are used to explore the effect changing the external potential has on chemical reactivity. Four new indices are defined: (1) a potential energy surface that results from the second-order truncation of the Taylor series in the external potential about some reference, Upsilon(R(1),R(2),.,R(M)()); (2) the stabilization energy for the equilibrium nuclear geometry (relative to some reference), Xi; (3) the flexibility, or "lability", of the molecule at equilibrium, Lambda; and (4) the proton hardness, Pi, which performs a role in the theory of Brönsted-Lowry acids and bases that is similar to the role of the chemical hardness in the theory of Lewis acids and bases. Applications considered include the orientation of a molecule in an external electric field, molecular association reactions, and reactions between Brönsted-Lowry acids and bases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Ayers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chattaraj P, Sengupta S, Poddar A. Quantum fluid density functional theory of chemical reactivity in a two-state ensemble. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(99)00444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
40
|
Chattaraj PK, Poddar A. Molecular Reactivity in the Ground and Excited Electronic States through Density-Dependent Local and Global Reactivity Parameters. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991214+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|