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Johansson SM, Kong X, Papagiannakopoulos P, Thomson ES, Pettersson JBC. A novel gas-vacuum interface for environmental molecular beam studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:035112. [PMID: 28372415 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular beam techniques are commonly used to obtain detailed information about reaction dynamics and kinetics of gas-surface interactions. These experiments are traditionally performed in vacuum and the dynamic state of surfaces under ambient conditions is thereby excluded from detailed studies. Herein we describe the development and demonstration of a new vacuum-gas interface that increases the accessible pressure range in environmental molecular beam (EMB) experiments. The interface consists of a grating close to a macroscopically flat surface, which allows for experiments at pressures above 1 Pa including angularly resolved measurements of the emitted flux. The technique is successfully demonstrated using key molecular beam experiments including elastic helium and inelastic water scattering from graphite, helium and light scattering from condensed adlayers, and water interactions with a liquid 1-butanol surface. The method is concluded to extend the pressure range and flexibility in EMB studies with implications for investigations of high pressure interface phenomena in diverse fields including catalysis, nanotechnology, environmental science, and life science. Potential further improvements of the technique are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Johansson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiangrui Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Panos Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik S Thomson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan B C Pettersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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2
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Gibson KD, Sibener SJ. Scattering Dynamics, Survival, and Dispersal of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate Interacting with the Surface of Multilayer Graphene. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4863-71. [PMID: 26895563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We explored the interaction of a molecular beam of dimethyl methylphosphonate with a multilayer graphene surface to better understand the fate of chemical warfare agents in the environment. The experiments were done at surface temperatures between 120 and 900 K and translational energies between 200 and 1500 meV. At the lowest temperatures, the dimethyl methylphosphonate is adsorbed, with the molecules next to the carbon surface held slightly more strongly than the bulk molecular film that grows with continued dosing. We measured the desorption energy for submonolayer coverage using modulated beam techniques and found a value of 290 meV (28 kJ/mol). At higher surface temperatures, where the residence times are very short, we measured the scattering of the dimethyl methylphosphonate as a function of angle and translational kinetic energy. For a surface temperature of 250 K, with translational kinetic energies between 200 and 1500 meV, much of the incident flux has nearly been accommodated by the surface temperature and has no memory of the incident momentum. The internal energy also seems to be at least partially accommodated. As the surface temperature increases, the scattering transitions to direct-inelastic reflection, where much of the incident translational energy is retained, and the intensity of the scattering peaks superspecularly toward glancing final angles. These results demonstrate the efficacy of using kinetic energy controlled molecular beams to probe the interactions of complex organic molecules with well-defined surfaces, extending our fundamental understanding of how the dynamics for such systems crossover from trapping-desorption to direct inelastic scattering. Moreover, these results indicate that simulations that model the dispersal of chemical warfare agents using common interfaces in the environment need to account for multiple bounce trajectories and survival of the impinging molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Gibson
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago , 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - S J Sibener
- The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago , 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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3
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Partanen L, Murdachaew G, Gerber RB, Halonen L. Temperature and collision energy effects on dissociation of hydrochloric acid on water surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:13432-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00597g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Romero Lejonthun LSE, Andersson PU, Hallquist M, Thomson ES, Pettersson JBC. Interactions of N2O5 and Related Nitrogen Oxides with Ice Surfaces: Desorption Kinetics and Collision Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13427-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5053826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liza S. E. Romero Lejonthun
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Patrik U. Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mattias Hallquist
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik S. Thomson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan B. C. Pettersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Kong X, Thomson ES, Papagiannakopoulos P, Johansson SM, Pettersson JBC. Water accommodation on ice and organic surfaces: insights from environmental molecular beam experiments. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13378-86. [PMID: 25079605 DOI: 10.1021/jp5044046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water uptake on aerosol and cloud particles in the atmosphere modifies their chemistry and microphysics with important implications for climate on Earth. Here, we apply an environmental molecular beam (EMB) method to characterize water accommodation on ice and organic surfaces. The adsorption of surface-active compounds including short-chain alcohols, nitric acid, and acetic acid significantly affects accommodation of D2O on ice. n-Hexanol and n-butanol adlayers reduce water uptake by facilitating rapid desorption and function as inefficient barriers for accommodation as well as desorption of water, while the effect of adsorbed methanol is small. Water accommodation is close to unity on nitric-acid- and acetic-acid-covered ice, and accommodation is significantly more efficient than that on the bare ice surface. Water uptake is inefficient on solid alcohols and acetic acid but strongly enhanced on liquid phases including a quasi-liquid layer on solid n-butanol. The EMB method provides unique information on accommodation and rapid kinetics on volatile surfaces, and these studies suggest that adsorbed organic and acidic compounds need to be taken into account when describing water at environmental interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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6
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Fedor J, Poterya V, Pysanenko A, Fárník M. Cluster cross sections from pickup measurements: Are the established methods consistent? J Chem Phys 2011; 135:104305. [PMID: 21932891 DOI: 10.1063/1.3633474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Fedor
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Desai TV, Hong S, Woll AR, Hughes KJ, Kaushik AP, Clancy P, Engstrom JR. Hyperthermal organic thin film growth on surfaces terminated with self-assembled monolayers. I. The dynamics of trapping. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:224702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3591965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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8
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Galashev AE, Rakhmanova OR. A computer study of the absorption spectra of the water-carbon monoxide disperse system. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793109040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Galashev AE, Rakhmanova OR. Computational study of carbon monooxide absorption by ultradisperse systems. Emission spectra. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363208070025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Marković N, Poulsen JA. A Linearized Path Integral Description of the Collision Process between a Water Molecule and a Graphite Surface. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:1701-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jp074875c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Marković
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jens A. Poulsen
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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11
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Suter MT, Andersson PU, Pettersson JB. Formation of water–ammonia ice on graphite studied by elastic helium scattering. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Suter MT, Andersson PU, Pettersson JBC. Surface properties of water ice at 150–191K studied by elastic helium scattering. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:174704. [PMID: 17100458 DOI: 10.1063/1.2359444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly surface sensitive technique based on elastic scattering of low-energy helium atoms has been used to probe the conditions in the topmost molecular layer on ice in the temperature range of 150-191 K. The elastically scattered intensity decreased slowly as the temperature was increased to about 180 K, followed by a rapid decrease at higher temperatures. An effective surface Debye temperature of 185+/-10 K was calculated from the data below 180 K. The changes in the ice surface above 180 K are interpreted as the onset of an anomalous enhancement of the mean square vibrational amplitude for the surface molecules and/or the onset of a limited amount of disorder in the ice surface. The interpretation is consistent with earlier experimental studies and molecular dynamics simulations. The observed changes above 180 K can be considered as the first sign of increased mobility of water molecules in the ice surface, which ultimately leads to the formation of a quasiliquid layer at higher temperatures. A small shift and broadening of the specular peak was also observed in the range of 150-180 K and the effect is explained by the inherent corrugation of the crystalline ice surface. The peak shift became more pronounced with increasing temperature, which indicates that surface corrugation increases as the temperature approaches 180 K. The results have implications for the properties and surface chemistry of atmospheric ice particles, and may contribute to the understanding of solvent effects on the internal molecular motion of hydrated proteins and other organic structures such as DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina T Suter
- Department of Chemistry, Atmospheric Science, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Lejonthun LSER, Andersson PU, Någård MB, Pettersson JBC. Chlorine Interactions with Water Ice Studied by Molecular Beam Techniques. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:23497-501. [PMID: 17107204 DOI: 10.1021/jp065656e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of chlorine interactions with ice at temperatures between 103 and 165 K have been studied using molecular beam techniques. The Cl(2) trapping probability is found to be unity at thermal incident energies, and trapping is followed by rapid desorption. The residence time on the surface is less than 25 microg at temperatures above 135 K and approaches 1 s around 100 K. Rate constants for desorption are determined for temperatures below 135 K. The desorption kinetics follow the Arrhenius equation, and activation energies of 0.24 +/- 0.03 and 0.31 +/- 0.01 eV, with corresponding preexponential factors of 10(12.08+/-1.19) and 10(16.52+/-0.38) s(-1), are determined. At least two different Cl(2) binding sites are concluded to exist on the ice surface. The observed activation energies are likely to be the Cl(2)-ice binding energies for these states, and the Cl(2)-surface interactions are concluded to be stronger than earlier theoretical estimates. The surface coverage of Cl(2) on ice under stratospheric conditions is estimated to be negligible, in agreement with earlier work.
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14
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Suter MT, Bolton K, Andersson PU, Pettersson JB. Argon collisions with amorphous water ice surfaces. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Ma PF, Dube A, Killampalli AS, Engstrom JR. A supersonic molecular beam study of the reaction of tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium with self-assembled alkyltrichlorosilane monolayers. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:34706. [PMID: 16863372 DOI: 10.1063/1.2220562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of a transition metal coordination complex, Ti[N(CH(3))(2)](4), with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) possessing-OH, -NH(2), and -CH(3) terminations has been examined using supersonic molecular beam techniques. The emphasis here is on how the reaction probability varies with incident kinetic energy (E(i)=0.4-2.07 eV) and angle of incidence (theta(i)=0 degrees -60 degrees ). The most reactive surface is the substrate underlying the SAMs-SiO(2) with a high density of -OH(a) (>5 x 10(14) cm(-2)), "chemical oxide." On chemical oxide, the dynamics of adsorption are well described by trapping, precursor-mediated adsorption, and the initial probability of adsorption depends only weakly on E(i) and theta(i). The dependence of the reaction probability on substrate temperature is well described by a model involving an intrinsic precursor state, where the barrier for dissociation is approximately 0.2-0.5 eV below the vacuum level. Reaction with the SAMs is more complicated. On the SAM with the unreactive, -CH(3), termination, reactivity decreases continuously with increasing E(i) while increasing with increasing theta(i). The data are best interpreted by a model where the Ti[N(CH(3))(2)](4) must first be trapped on the surface, followed by diffusion through the SAM and reaction at the SAMSiO(2) interface with residual -OH(a). This process is not activated by E(i) and most likely occurs in defective areas of the SAM. On the SAMs with reactive end groups, the situation is quite different. On both the-OH and -NH(2) SAMs, the reaction with the Ti[N(CH(3))(2)](4) as a function of E(i) passes through a minimum near E(i) approximately 1.0 eV. Two explanations for this intriguing finding are made-one involves the participation of a direct dissociation channel at sufficiently high E(i). A second explanation involves a new mechanism for trapping, which could be termed penetration facilitated trapping, where the Ti[N(CH(3))(2)](4) penetrates the near surface layers, a process that is activated as the molecules in the SAM must be displaced from their equilibrium positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Ma
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Lohr JR, Day BS, Morris JR. Dynamics of HCl Collisions with Hydroxyl- and Methyl-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers. J Phys Chem A 2005; 110:1645-9. [PMID: 16435827 DOI: 10.1021/jp0542625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular beam scattering techniques are used to explore the energy exchange and thermal accommodation efficiencies of HCl in collisions with long-chain OH- and CH(3)-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold. Upon colliding with the nonpolar methyl-terminated SAM, HCl (E(i) = 85 kJ/mol) is found to transfer the majority, 83%, of its translational energy to the surface. The extensive energy loss for HCl helps to bring the molecules into thermal equilibrium with the monolayer. Specifically, 72% of the HCl approaches thermal equilibrium prior to desorption. For the molecules that do not thermally accommodate, but scatter after an impulsive collision with the surface, the final translational energy is observed to be directly proportional to the surface temperature as the thermal surface energy and gas translational energy exchange during the collision. For the OH-terminated SAM, the impulsively scattered HCl escapes from the surface with slightly more average energy. The rigid nature of the OH-terminated SAM is due to the extended intra-monolayer hydrogen-bonding network that restricts some of the low-energy modes of the surface. However, despite the rigid nature of this system, the extent of thermal accommodation for HCl on these two surfaces is remarkably similar. It appears that the potential energy well between the impinging HCl and the polar surface groups is sufficient enough to trap HCl molecules that would otherwise scatter impulsively from this rigid SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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17
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Sanfelix PC, Al-Halabi A, Darling GR, Holloway S, Kroes GJ. Protons colliding with crystalline ice: proton reflection and collision induced water desorption at low incidence energies. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:3944-51. [PMID: 15771531 DOI: 10.1021/ja040171u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present results of classical trajectory (CT) calculations on the sticking of protons to the basal plane (0001) face of crystalline ice, for normal incidence at a surface temperature (Ts) of 80 K. The calculations were performed for moderately low incidence energies (Ei) ranging from 0.05 to 4.0 eV. Surprisingly, significant reflection is predicted at low values of Ei (< or = 0.2 eV) due to repulsive electrostatic interactions between the incident proton and the surface water molecules with one of their H-atoms pointing upward toward the gas phase. The sticking probability increases with Ei and converges to unity for Ei > or = 0.8 eV. In the case of sticking, the proton is trapped in the ice forming a Zundel complex (H5O2+), with an average binding energy of 9.9 eV with a standard deviation of 0.5 eV, independent of the value of Ei. In nearly all sticking trajectories, the proton is implanted into the ice surface, with a penetration depth that increases with Ei. The strong interaction with the neighboring water molecules leads to a local rupture of the hydrogen bonding network, resulting in collision induced desorption of water (puffing), a process that occurs with significant probability even at the lowest Ei considered. The probability of water desorption increases with Ei. In nearly all trajectories in which water desorption occurs, a single three-coordinated water molecule is desorbed from the topmost monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pepa Cabrera Sanfelix
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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Laurin M, Johánek V, Grant AW, Kasemo B, Libuda J, Freund HJ. Local reaction rates and surface diffusion on nanolithographically prepared model catalysts: Experiments and simulations. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:84713. [PMID: 15836083 DOI: 10.1063/1.1854622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining molecular beam methods and angular resolved mass spectrometry, we have studied the angular distribution of desorbing products during CO oxidation on a planar Pd/silica supported model catalyst. The model catalyst was prepared by means of electron beam lithography, allowing individual control of particle size, position, and aspect ratio, and was characterized by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy before and after reaction. In the experiment, both oxygen and CO rich regimes were investigated using separate molecular beams for the two reactants. This allows exploration of diffusion effects of reactants on the particles and of shadowing and backscattering phenomena. A reaction-diffusion model was developed in order to extract information about local reaction rates on the surface of the catalyst nanoparticles. The model takes into account the structural parameters of the catalyst as well as the backscattering of the reactants and products from the support. It allows a quantitative description of the experimental data and provides a detailed understanding of temperature and reactant flux dependent effects. Moreover, information on the surface mobility of oxygen under steady-state reaction conditions could be obtained by comparison with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laurin
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Molecular beam scattering experiments provide a way to disentangle the elementary steps involved in energy transfer and chemical reactions between gases and liquids. After surveying the history and recent progress in this field, we review studies of the kinematics of gas-liquid collisions and proton exchange of HCl, DCl, and HBr with supercooled sulfuric acid and liquid glycerol. These experiments help to clarify the role of the surface region in controlling trapping and interfacial- and bulk-phase reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert M Nathanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, USA.
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Andersson PU, Någård MB, Witt G, Pettersson JBC. Carbon Dioxide Interactions with Crystalline and Amorphous Ice Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049346c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik U. Andersson
- Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats B. Någård
- Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georg Witt
- Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan B. C. Pettersson
- Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gardner DON, Al-Halabi A, Kroes GJ. The Effect of Initial Rotational Energy on the Adsorption of CO to the (0001) Face of Crystalline Ice Ih at Hyperthermal Energies. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp031013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon O. Niel Gardner
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ayman Al-Halabi
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Al-Halabi A, van Dishoeck EF, Kroes GJ. Sticking of CO to crystalline and amorphous ice surfaces. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:3358-67. [PMID: 15268490 DOI: 10.1063/1.1640337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results of classical trajectory calculations on the sticking of hyperthermal CO to the basal plane (0001) face of crystalline ice Ih and to the surface of amorphous ice Ia. The calculations were performed for normal incidence at a surface temperature Ts = 90 K for ice Ia, and at Ts = 90 and 150 K for ice Ih. For both surfaces, the sticking probability can be fitted to a simple exponentially decaying function of the incidence energy, Ei: Ps = 1.0e(-Ei(kJ/mol)/90(kJ/mol)) at Ts = 90 K. The energy transfer from the impinging molecule to the crystalline and the amorphous surface is found to be quite efficient, in agreement with the results of molecular beam experiments on the scattering of the similar molecule, N2, from crystalline and amorphous ice. However, the energy transfer is less efficient for amorphous than for crystalline ice. Our calculations predict that the sticking probability decreases with Ts for CO scattering from crystalline ice, as the energy transfer from the impinging molecule to the warmer surfaces becomes less efficient. At high Ei (up to 193 kJ/mol), no surface penetration occurs in the case of crystalline ice. However, for CO colliding with the amorphous surface, a penetrating trajectory was observed to occur into a large water pore. The molecular dynamics calculations predict that the average potential energy of CO adsorbed to ice Ih is -10.1 +/- 0.2 and -8.4 +/- 0.2 kJ/mol for CO adsorbed to ice Ia. These values are in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical data. The distribution of the potential energy of CO adsorbed to ice Ia was found to be wider (with a standard deviation sigma of 2.4 kJ/mol) than that of CO interacting with ice Ih (sigma = 2.0 kJ/mol). In collisions with ice Ia, the CO molecules scatter at larger angles and over a wider distribution of angles than in collisions with ice Ih.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Halabi
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Al-Halabi A, Kleyn AW, van Dishoeck EF, van Hemert MC, Kroes GJ. Sticking of Hyperthermal CO to the (0001) Face of Crystalline Ice. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp030374p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Al-Halabi
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A. W. Kleyn
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. F. van Dishoeck
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. C. van Hemert
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G. J. Kroes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Observatory, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Al-Halabi A, Kleyn AW, Kroes GJ. Sticking of HCl to ice at hyperthermal energies: Dependence on incidence energy, incidence angle, and surface temperature. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1377885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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