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Petrikat RI, Hornbogen J, Schmitt MJP, Resmann E, Wiedemann C, Dilmen NI, Schneider H, Pick AM, Riehn C, Diller R, Becker S. A Photoswitchable Metallocycle Based on Azobenzene: Synthesis, Characterization, and Ultrafast Dynamics. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400205. [PMID: 38526989 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The novel photoswitchable ligand 3,3'-Azobenz(metPA)2 (1) is used to prepare a [Cu2(1)2](BF4)2 metallocycle (2), whose photoisomerization was characterized using static and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. Optical studies demonstrate the highly quantitative and reproducible photoinduced cyclic E/Z switching without decay of the complex. Accordingly and best to our knowledge, [Cu2(1)2](BF4)2 constitutes the first reversibly photoswitchable (3d)-metallocycle based on azobenzene. The photoinduced multiexponential dynamics in the sub-picosecond to few picosecond time domain of 1 and 2 have been assessed. These ultrafast dynamics as well as the yield of the respective photostationary state (PSSZ = 65 %) resemble the behavior of archetypical azobenzene. Also, the innovative pump-probe laser technique of gas phase transient photodissociation (τ-PD) in a mass spectrometric ion trap was used to determine the intrinsic relaxation dynamics for the isolated complex. These results are consistent with the results from femtosecond UV/Vis transient absorption (fs-TA) in solution, emphasizing the azobenzene-like dynamics of 2. This unique combination of fs-TA and τ-PD enables valuable insights into the prevailing interplay of dynamics and solvation. Both analyses (in solution and gas phase) and quantum chemical calculations reveal a negligible effect of the metal coordination on the switching mechanism and electronic pathway, which suggests a non-cooperative isomerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael I Petrikat
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Justin Hornbogen
- Fachbereich Physik, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marcel J P Schmitt
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Emma Resmann
- Fachbereich Physik, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Christina Wiedemann
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Nesrin I Dilmen
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Heinrich Schneider
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Annika M Pick
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Christoph Riehn
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Rolf Diller
- Fachbereich Physik, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sabine Becker
- Fachbereich Chemie, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52-54, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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2
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Capone M, Sirohiwal A, Aschi M, Pantazis DA, Daidone I. Alternative Fast and Slow Primary Charge-Separation Pathways in Photosystem II. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216276. [PMID: 36791234 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem-II (PSII) is a multi-subunit protein complex that harvests sunlight to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Initial light-activated charge separation takes place at a reaction centre consisting of four chlorophylls and two pheophytins. Understanding the processes following light excitation remains elusive due to spectral congestion, the ultrafast nature, and multi-component behaviour of the charge-separation process. Here, using advanced computational multiscale approaches which take into account the large-scale configurational flexibility of the system, we identify two possible primary pathways to radical-pair formation that differ by three orders of magnitude in their kinetics. The fast (short-range) pathway is dominant, but the existence of an alternative slow (long-range) charge-separation pathway hints at the evolution of redundancy that may serve other purposes, adaptive or protective, related to formation of the unique oxidative species that drives water oxidation in PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Capone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Abhishek Sirohiwal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Present Address: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimiliano Aschi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010, L'Aquila, Italy
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3
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Green JA, Gómez S, Worth G, Santoro F, Improta R. Solvent Effects on Ultrafast Charge Transfer Population: Insights from the Quantum Dynamics of Guanine-Cytosine in Chloroform. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201731. [PMID: 35950519 PMCID: PMC9828530 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We study the ultrafast photoactivated dynamics of the hydrogen bonded dimer Guanine-Cytosine in chloroform solution, focusing on the population of the Guanine→Cytosine charge transfer state (GC-CT), an important elementary process for the photophysics and photochemistry of nucleic acids. We integrate a quantum dynamics propagation scheme, based on a linear vibronic model parameterized through time dependent density functional theory calculations, with four different solvation models, either implicit or explicit. On average, after 50 fs, 30∼40 % of the bright excited state population has been transferred to GC-CT. This process is thus fast and effective, especially when transferring from the Guanine bright excited states, in line with the available experimental studies. Independent of the adopted solvation model, the population of GC-CT is however disfavoured in solution with respect to the gas phase. We show that dynamical solvation effects are responsible for this puzzling result and assess the different chemical-physical effects modulating the population of CT states on the ultrafast time-scale. We also propose some simple analyses to predict how solvent can affect the population transfer between bright and CT states, showing that the effect of the solute/solvent electrostatic interactions on the energy of the CT state can provide a rather reliable indication of its possible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Green
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNRVia De Amicis 95I-80145Napoli
| | - Sandra Gómez
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom,Departamento de Química FísicaUniversity of SalamancaSalamanca37008Spain
| | - Graham Worth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- Istituto di Chimica die Composti Organometallici (ICCOM-CNR), Area della Ricerca del CNRVia Moruzzi 1I-56124Pisa
| | - Roberto Improta
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNRVia De Amicis 95I-80145Napoli
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4
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Nazarov AE, Ivanov AI, Rosspeintner A, Angulo G. Full relaxation dynamics recovery from ultrafast fluorescence experiments by means of the stochastic model: Does the solvent response dynamics depend on the fluorophore nature? J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Peschel MT, Kabaciński P, Schwinger DP, Thyrhaug E, Cerullo G, Bach T, Hauer J, Vivie‐Riedle R. Activation of 2‐Cyclohexenone by BF
3
Coordination: Mechanistic Insights from Theory and Experiment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin T. Peschel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 81377 München Germany
| | - Piotr Kabaciński
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Daniel P. Schwinger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Erling Thyrhaug
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Regina Vivie‐Riedle
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 81377 München Germany
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6
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Peschel MT, Kabaciński P, Schwinger DP, Thyrhaug E, Cerullo G, Bach T, Hauer J, de Vivie-Riedle R. Activation of 2-Cyclohexenone by BF 3 Coordination: Mechanistic Insights from Theory and Experiment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10155-10163. [PMID: 33595902 PMCID: PMC8252487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acids have recently been recognized as catalysts enabling enantioselective photochemical transformations. Mechanistic studies on these systems are however rare, either due to their absorption at wavelengths shorter than 260 nm, or due to the limitations of theoretical dynamic studies for larger complexes. In this work, we overcome these challenges and employ sub-30-fs transient absorption in the UV, in combination with a highly accurate theoretical treatment on the XMS-CASPT2 level. We investigate 2-cyclohexenone and its complex to boron trifluoride and analyze the observed dynamics based on trajectory calculations including non-adiabatic coupling and intersystem crossing. This approach explains all ultrafast decay pathways observed in the complex. We show that the Lewis acid remains attached to the substrate in the triplet state, which in turn explains why chiral boron-based Lewis acids induce a high enantioselectivity in photocycloaddition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin T Peschel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Piotr Kabaciński
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniel P Schwinger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Erling Thyrhaug
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747, Garching, Germany
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7
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Santoro F, Green JA, Martinez-Fernandez L, Cerezo J, Improta R. Quantum and semiclassical dynamical studies of nonadiabatic processes in solution: achievements and perspectives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8181-8199. [PMID: 33875988 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05907b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We concisely review the main methodological approaches to model nonadiabatic dynamics in isotropic solutions and their applications. Three general classes of models are identified as the most used to include solvent effects in the simulations. The first model describes the solvent as a set of harmonic collective modes coupled to the solute degrees of freedom, and the second as a continuum, while the third explicitly includes solvent molecules in the calculations. The issues related to the use of these models in semiclassical and quantum dynamical simulations are discussed, as well as the main limitations and perspectives of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Santoro
- CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici (ICCOM-CNR), SS di Pisa, Area della Ricerca, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - James A Green
- CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB-CNR), via Mezzocannone 16, I-80136 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Lara Martinez-Fernandez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IADCHEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Cerezo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IADCHEM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Improta
- CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB-CNR), via Mezzocannone 16, I-80136 Napoli, Italy.
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8
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Fedunov RG, Yermolenko IP, Nazarov AE, Ivanov AI, Rosspeintner A, Angulo G. Theory of fluorescence spectrum dynamics and its application to determining the relaxation characteristics of the solvent and intramolecular vibrations. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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9
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The influence of the solvent’s mass on the location of the dividing surface for a model Hamiltonian. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpletx.2019.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Garcia-Meseguer R, Carpenter BK. Re-Evaluating the Transition State for Reactions in Solution. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Barry K. Carpenter
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; CF10 3AT Cardiff United Kingdom
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11
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Zauleck JPP, Peschel MT, Rott F, Thallmair S, de Vivie-Riedle R. Ultrafast Reactive Quantum Dynamics Coupled to Classical Solvent Dynamics Using an Ehrenfest Approach. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2849-2857. [PMID: 29498853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of solvent effects in the theoretical analysis of molecular processes becomes increasingly important. Currently, it is not feasible to directly include the solvent on the quantum level. We use an Ehrenfest approach to study the coupled time evolution of quantum dynamically treated solutes and classical solvents system. The classical dynamics of the solvent is coupled to the wavepacket dynamics of the solute and rotational and translational degrees of freedom of the solute are included classically. This allows quantum dynamics simulations for ultrafast processes that are decided by environment interactions without explicit separation of time scales. We show the application to the dissociation of ICN in liquid Ar as a proof of principal system and to the more applied example of uracil in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius P P Zauleck
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Martin T Peschel
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Florian Rott
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Regina de Vivie-Riedle
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
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12
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Riedle E, Roos MK, Thallmair S, Sailer CF, Krebs N, Fingerhut BP, de Vivie-Riedle R. Ultrafast photochemistry with two product channels: Wavepacket motion through two distinct conical intersections. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Angulo G, Jedrak J, Ochab-Marcinek A, Pasitsuparoad P, Radzewicz C, Wnuk P, Rosspeintner A. How good is the generalized Langevin equation to describe the dynamics of photo-induced electron transfer in fluid solution? J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4990044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Angulo
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Jedrak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ochab-Marcinek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pakorn Pasitsuparoad
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Czesław Radzewicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Wnuk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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14
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Thallmair S, Roos MK, de Vivie-Riedle R. Molecular features in complex environment: Cooperative team players during excited state bond cleavage. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2016; 3:043205. [PMID: 26958588 PMCID: PMC4752547 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced bond cleavage is often employed for the generation of highly reactive carbocations in solution and to study their reactivity. Diphenylmethyl derivatives are prominent precursors in polar and moderately polar solvents like acetonitrile or dichloromethane. Depending on the leaving group, the photoinduced bond cleavage occurs on a femtosecond to picosecond time scale and typically leads to two distinguishable products, the desired diphenylmethyl cations (Ph2CH(+)) and as competing by-product the diphenylmethyl radicals ([Formula: see text]). Conical intersections are the chief suspects for such ultrafast branching processes. We show for two typical examples, the neutral diphenylmethylchloride (Ph2CH-Cl) and the charged diphenylmethyltriphenylphosphonium ions ([Formula: see text]) that the role of the conical intersections depends not only on the molecular features but also on the interplay with the environment. It turns out to differ significantly for both precursors. Our analysis is based on quantum chemical and quantum dynamical calculations. For comparison, we use ultrafast transient absorption measurements. In case of Ph2CH-Cl, we can directly connect the observed signals to two early three-state and two-state conical intersections, both close to the Franck-Condon region. In case of the [Formula: see text], dynamic solvent effects are needed to activate a two-state conical intersection at larger distances along the reaction coordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias K Roos
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München, Germany
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15
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Thallmair S, Roos MK, de Vivie-Riedle R. Design of specially adapted reactive coordinates to economically compute potential and kinetic energy operators including geometry relaxation. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:234104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4953667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Thallmair
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80538 München, Germany
| | - Matthias K. Roos
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
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16
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Influence of the leaving group on the dynamics of a gas-phase SN2 reaction. Nat Chem 2015; 8:151-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Thallmair S, Zauleck JPP, de Vivie-Riedle R. Quantum Dynamics in an Explicit Solvent Environment: A Photochemical Bond Cleavage Treated with a Combined QD/MD Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1987-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Thallmair
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
- Lehrstuhl
für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80538 München, Germany
| | - Julius P. P. Zauleck
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
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